INSTITUCION EDUCATIVA NUESTRA Código: FR-130-GA

Versión: 001
SEÑORA DEL PALMAR Emisión: 26/11/2009
Actualización:
ACTIVIDADES PARA ESTUDIANTES

Área: HUMANIDADES – INGLÉS GRUPO: 10°

➢ Todas estas actividades deben quedar en el cuaderno de lectoescritura.

➢ Estas actividades deben ser realizadas a mano (NO pegar fotocopias)
➢ Cuando se normalicen las clases se revisarán, socializaran y evaluarán estas
actividades.

ACTIVIDADES
I Lea los textos y elabore un glosario y verbos (presente y pasado) para cada uno. (En inglés)
II Traduzca cada texto

III Escriba en inglés de que trata cada texto.

COMPRENSIÓN DE TEXTOS
TEXT 1
On 18 February 1995, Andrew Wilson failed to return to his car after a skiing weekend in the Scottish
Highlands. Following a fruitless search, the mountain rescue teams felt that the game was up. It was
nothing short of miraculous when at 10:30 a.m on 21 February, Wilson stumbled down the
mountainside. He was hypothermic and dehydrated – but otherwise he was more or less unharmed.

Rescue coordinator Graham Gibb said, “I have never found anyone alive on the fourth day of a rescue
in these conditions”. Wilson overcame a simple problem: how to get himself to safety while conserving
heat – heat that was being used up by the activity necessary to save his life. Wilson achieved this
through common sense and a high level of fitness. Trapped by high winds and deep snow, he dug a
snowhole. The following day he walked further before digging another snowhole for the night. It wasn´t
until the following morning, after 70 hours on the mountainside, that he was able to reach civilization.

When things get dangerously chilly, intelligence and experience can make the difference between life
and death. Death from hypothermia can occur only tow hours after its onset. A major cause of
hypothermia is dehydration. The blood thickens as it loses water, limiting the body´s ability to keep
warm – especially at the extremities like the hands and feet, where frostbite become a risk.

Sufficient food is also important. Our bodies carry reserves of fat, but making use of this resource
takes time, and the body´s internal temperature can fall to dangerous levels in the meantime.
Mountaineers snack regularly on high – energy foods. Wilson probably survived because of the
sandwiches and chocolate that he had brought with him to maintain his energy levels.

Human beings must also maintain a constant body temperature. Even slight variations make the body
less efficient. At temperature below 28°C, an unclothed body loses more heat than it can produce.
Another factor is evaporation. Even in cold climates we sweat, and cold air drawn into the lungs has
to be warmed and moistened to 100 per cent humidity, a process that speeds up greatly at higher
altitudes and can lead to dehydration.

However, the greatest threat in cold weather is convection. Air surrounding the skin is warmed by the
body. The colder the air, the more the body has to heat it and more energy is used. If it is moving, the
process must be continual. This is the principle of wind chill. Temperatures that in still air pose little
threat can kill if increased by only a 20-mph wind. Rescuers calculated that the wind – chill factor,
where Wilson was lost that weekend, made the temperatures equivalent to -32°C.

Hypothermia also increases the risk of frostbite. Victims are sometimes unaware of the danger until
their fingers or toes have become totally numb. Skin turns blue and becomes very painful, and blisters
appear on fingers, toes, the nose or ears. Long – term exposure will cause gangrene and the affected
area may need to be amputated. Careful use of heat and antibiotics must be applied when treating
frostbite to help re – establish the victim´s circulation and respiration. Wilson was totally alone on that
frozen, wind – blown mountain. The fact that he survived was the result of remarkable stamina and a
lot of courage. Incredibly, he will be out on the mountains again this weekend.

TEXT 2

Imagine

Imagine you suddenly find yourself out of your body, living a completely different reality, while
sailing in your own thoughts. In a flash and by means of a sort of a cosmic screen you start
watching your whole life. You had never thought that your attitudes in this life were recorded, every
detail. In that moment you began to read out all your past experiences since you were a child, even
the moment you were born. You were shown all your family relationships, as you began growing up,
even things that you couldn’t even remember, because as a little child you weren’t conscious of
them. Then, you realized that after some time, you began remembering situations that you lived out
in your childhood and the way you responded toward them. For example, things that really mattered
to you and things that you didn’t really care about were displayed in front of you. You were also
shown, personal attitudes expressed by you toward your parents, brothers and sisters; as well as to
your friends at school or in your neighbourhood.

In one hand you could appreciate the good things about yourself and in the other hand you could
see your bad attitudes toward the people around you. You could tell if you lived a life centred in
your own selfish interests or in the people living around you. Watching all your acts and attitudes as
they were lived in the past, made you think which things you could improve and which things you
could continue doing. It was a perfect X ray of your life and you couldn’t avoid having good feelings
about those things you did well, but also you couldn’t avoid feeling bad about those things you just
didn’t think would harm others. The next moment, you find yourself back in this world in your own
reality.
TEXT 3
What a story!

Stephen William Hawking, a well-known scientist from Oxford, studied physics at Oxford University.
When he was 21 and was doing studies on the universe at Cambridge University, the doctors found
he had a neuro motor problem. Later, his problem got worse but he wanted to finish his studies. He
thought he was going to live only a few months because most people like him only live for 18
months after diagnosis. In 1985, he had an operation and lost his ability to speak. At first, he could
talk by spelling words moving his eyes when someone showed him a letter. Then, he was able to
choose words from a computer screen with a switch. In 1998, his first book, which was about the
universe, was very popular, but many people did not finish it because it was difficult to understand.
In 2005, he wrote a simple version called A brief History of Time. “Before I got ill, my life was
boring,” he said. But then he had dreams about giving something good to the world, so he began to
improve his work and now we can understand the universe better. He said his success came from
the help of his wife and children, other people, and government organizations. Hawking worked as
a Lucasian Proffessor of mathematics at the University of Cambridge, a job that Newton also had
had in 1663.