Sulaimani Polytechnic University

Engineering Technical College

City Planning Department

Final Exams-1st Attempt (2019-2020)

Student Name: Farhad Salih Ahmed Date: 15/06/2020

Subject: Applied statistics (Theory ) Level: 2nd stage

Note: The below part is only filled by the examiner

Assignments Grading

Examiner Name:
Questions Mark Mark (written) Out of %

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Q5
Out of one hundred
Total
(100%)

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Sulaimani Polytechnic University 2019-2020 Subject: Applied Statistics
Technical College of Engineering 2nd Semester/Final Exam Class: 2nd Stage
City Planning Engineering Department 1st Trial Submission: 15/06/2020
Examiner: Dr. Esam M. Aziz (midnight)

Q1: In a paragraph, talk about the statistical applications in city planning field. Give two
examples with details describing how what you learned in engineering statistics/applied
statistics class can be useful for your field of study. (30%)

==============================================================

Q2: In 3-4 pages’ present information about data analysis types in data analysis list in
excel (shown below) focusing on t-test analysis, Nova analysis, F-test analysis, and
correlation/ regression. (70%)

Good Luck

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 Answer Sheet

Q1: Math is a big part of all of our lives especially statistics. Statistics is the branch of mathematics which we

use to analyze what is happening in the world around us. Statistics is the collection of data and its

representation. Statistics compare data through mean, median and mode. We all have heard that we live in the

information age where we deal about the world around us. Most of the information is determined

mathematically using statistics. To understand statistics in a better way, take online statistics help. First

example, Quality testing is another important use of statistics in every area of life. On a day-to-day basis, we

conduct quality tests to ensure that our purchase is correct and get the best results from what we spend.

We do a sample test of what we expect to buy to get the best. If the sample test that we have done passes the

quality test, we want to buy it.

Second example, there is lots of uses of statistics in sports. Every sports require statistics to make the sport

more effective. Statistics help the sport person to get the idea about his/her performance in the particular sports.

Nowadays sports are utilizing the statistics data into the next level. However, the reason is a sport is getting

more popular and there are various kinds of types of equipment in the sports that are used to collect data of

various factor. Statistics is used to get a conclusion from the given data.

Now you may be aware of the uses of statistics in our daily life. It is nourishing our everyday life and helping us

to make effective decisions. If you are a statistics students and you need statistics assignment help or statistics

homework help, then you can contact our experts for the help. They will help you out in clear your doubts

regarding statistics. And help you to make the best statistics assignment

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Q2:

t-tests

Excel can perform various statistical analyses, including t-tests. It is an excellent option because nearly
everyone can access Excel. This post is a great introduction to performing and interpreting t-tests even if Excel
isn’t your primary statistical software package. T-tests are hypothesis tests that assess the means of one or two
groups. Hypothesis tests use sample data to infer properties of entire populations. To be able to use a t-test, you
need to obtain a random sample from your target populations. Depending on the t-test and how you configure it,
the test can determine whether:

 Two group means are different.

 Paired means are different.
 One mean is different from a target value.

This example teaches you how to perform a t-Test in Excel. The t-Test is used to test the null hypothesis
that the means of two populations are equal.

Below you can find the study hours of 6 female students and 5 male students.

H0: μ1 - μ2 = 0
H1: μ1 - μ2 ≠ 0

To perform a t-Test, execute the following steps.

1. First, perform an F-Test to determine if the variances of the two populations are equal. This is not the
case.

2. On the Data tab, in the Analysis group, click Data Analysis.

3. Select t-Test: Two-Sample Assuming Unequal Variances and click OK. Select t-Test: Two-Sample
Assuming Unequal Variances

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4. Click in the Variable 1 Range box and select the range A2:A7.

5. Click in the Variable 2 Range box and select the range B2:B6.

6. Click in the Hypothesized Mean Difference box and type 0 (H0: μ1 - μ2 = 0).

7. Click in the Output Range box and select cell E1.

t-Test Parameters

8. Click OK.

ANOVA test
An ANOVA test is a way to find out if survey or experiment results are significant. In other words, they
help you to figure out if you need to reject the null hypothesis or accept the alternate hypothesis.
To perform a single factor ANOVA, execute the following steps.

1. On the Data tab, in the Analysis group, click Data Analysis.

2. Select Anova: Single Factor and click OK.
3. Click in the Input Range box and select the range.
4. Click in the Output Range box and select cell E1.
5. Click OK.

Examples of when you might want to test different groups:

• A group of psychiatric patients are trying three different therapies: counseling, medication and
biofeedback. You want to see if one therapy is better than the others.
• A manufacturer has two different processes to make light bulbs. They want to know if one
process is better than the other.
• Students from different colleges take the same exam. You want to see if one college outperforms
the other

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F-test

An F-test is any statistical test in which the test statistic has an F-distribution under the null hypothesis. It is
most often used when comparing statistical models that have been fitted to a data set, in order to identify the
model that best fits the population from which the data were sampled.

To perform an F-Test, execute the following steps.

1. On the Data tab, in the Analysis group, click Data Analysis.

2. Select F-Test Two-Sample for Variances and click OK.

3. Click in the Variable 1 Range box and select the range.

4. Click in the Variable 2 Range box and select the range.

5. Click in the Output Range box and select cell E1.

6. Click OK.

Correlation
The Correlation analysis tool in Excel (which is also available through the Data Analysis command) quantifies
the relationship between two sets of data. You might use this tool to explore such things as the effect of
advertising on sales, for example. To use the Correlation analysis tool, follow these steps:

Correlation
 1. On the Data tab, in the Analysis group, click Data Analysis.
2. Select Correlation and click OK.
3. For example, select the range as the Input Range.
4. Check Labels in first row.
5. Select cell A8 as the Output Range.
6. Click OK.

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Regression analysis

regression analysis is used to estimate the relationships between two or more variables:

Dependent variable (aka criterion variable) is the main factor you are trying to understand and predict.

Independent variables (aka explanatory variables, or predictors) are the factors that might influence the
dependent variable.

Regression analysis helps you understand how the dependent variable changes when one of the independent
variables varies and allows to mathematically determine which of those variables really has an impact.

Regression

1. On the Data tab, in the Analysis group, click Data Analysis.

2. Select Regression and click OK.

3. Select the Y Range. This is the predictor variable (also called dependent variable).

4. Select the X Range. These are the explanatory variables (also called independent variables). These columns
must be adjacent to each other.

5. Check Labels.

6. Click in the Output Range box and select cell A11.

7. Check Residuals.

8. Click OK

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References

 Fleiss, J. L., Levin, B. and Paik, M. C. (2003). Statistical Methods for Rates and Proportions, Third

Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York.

 Written by-Robert S. Witte and John S Witte. (2008). Statistics. Second edition. Uk. London.

 Application of statically in real life retrieved from https://study.com/academy/lesson/application-of-

statistics-in-daily-life.html