 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬

1
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ 
 W،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬     ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬??‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬          ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

2
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬
2  
3 ‫א‬
7  
9 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
11  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
11 ‫א‬‫א‬
11 ‫א‬‫א‬
11 ‫א‬
11 ‫א‬‫א‬
12  ‫א‬‫א‬
12 ‫א‬‫א‬
12 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
12  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
13  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
13  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
14   W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
16 
17  ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
19  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

3
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬
19  ‫א‬‫א‬
20 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
22  ‫א‬‫א‬
22 ‫א‬‫א‬
22  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
23 ‫א‬
23 ‫א‬
25  
30  
32 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
34 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
35  ‫א‬‫א‬
35 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
37 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
39  ‫א‬‫א‬
39  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
41  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
42  
43  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

4
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬
45  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
47  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
49  
51 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
52  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
53 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
54  ‫א‬‫א‬
55  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
56 ‫א‬‫א‬
56 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
56 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
57 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
58  ‫א‬‫א‬
60  
64  
65 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
67 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
69  ‫א‬‫א‬
69  ‫א‬‫א‬
72  ‫א‬‫א‬

5
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬
74  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
78  
79  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
81  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
81  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
82 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
82 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
82 ‫א‬
83 ‫א‬‫א‬
84  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
84 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
84 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
86  
87  ‫א‬‫א‬

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
W
   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
      ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬     ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬      ،  ‫א‬  ‫א‬   
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
7
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

8
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

 

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

9
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
K‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .٣
 
 
  

10
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫ א‬-1
W‫א‬‫א‬ J‫א‬
‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 WEvF‫א‬‫א‬ J
 (t)‫א‬ (S) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
dS
 v  (1 - 1)
dt
 WEa)‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

1 2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫ א‬K٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬ J

11
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

v  v0  a  t

 1
 S  v 0  t   a t2 (1  3)
 2
v 2  v02  2  a  S
 W‫א‬‫א‬ J
EaF‫א‬EmFEFF‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
F m ∙ a 1 4
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
∙ 1 5
 W‫א‬‫א‬–
‫א‬Ev)‫א‬(m)، ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬،EF)
 
  PL  F .v (1 - 6)

  W
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
m  S ‫א‬
m/s v ‫א‬‫א‬
m/s vo ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
S t ‫א‬
m/s2  a ‫א‬
 m/s2 g = 9.81 ‫א‬‫א‬
N  F ‫א‬‫א‬
 W  PL  ‫א‬‫א‬
 

12
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J2
 WEθ)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J‫א‬
،EωF‫א‬،EDF‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KEradF‫א‬Eθ= 2π) ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

 WEω)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
1 7
 W(αF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
dω
α 1 8
dt
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J

  0    t

 1
      t    t 2 (1  9)
0
 2
 2  02  2    
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
T F ∙ r 1 10
 W‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬ω‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
P T ∙ ω 1 11
 
 
 
 

13
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
rad/s   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 rad/s ωo ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Rpm n ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Rad ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Nm T ‫א‬
W P  ‫א‬
 m D ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬-3
 ،EvF     ‫א‬       
‫א‬،(s = v. t) ( t) ‫א‬‫א‬ EsF‫א‬ 
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬        ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬،(θ = 2π)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬S=2 π r) (‫א‬‫א‬
∙ 2

v.t   .r
 Wt‫א‬‫א‬
v  .r (1 - 12)
 W‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
60

2

2π ∙ n
ω rad⁄s 1 13
60
 W(1-12)‫א‬(1-13)

1 14
60
14
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

240 rpm‫א‬،50 cm‫א‬W1-1

 W‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬EiF
K‫א‬‫ א‬EiiF
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬EiiiF
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬EivF
240

25.12 rad/sec
∙ 25.12 0.5 12.56 /  
iii) ∙ 25.12 5 125.6 rad
iv)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
15
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W1-1
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W1-2
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫؟‬‫א‬W1-3
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫؟‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WW1-4
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WW1-5
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W1-6
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W1-7
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W1-8
‫א‬‫א‬ ،60 cm‫א‬W1-9
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬،180 rpm
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

16
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

  

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

17
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E


  

18
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

K‫א‬‫א‬ 

 K‫א‬ 

K‫א‬ 

K‫א‬ 

K‫א‬ 

K‫א‬ 

K‫א‬‫א‬ 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
:‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬E2-1F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WA‫ א‬K
K( P = T×ω )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 
 

19
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

2-1‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WB‫ א‬K
K( P α ω )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WC‫ א‬K
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K،‫א‬‫א‬To ‫( حيث‬T=To+Kω)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WD‫ א‬K
 (T = K×ω2 )‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE‫ א‬K
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬    K    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 

20
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬‫א‬  
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
W،E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  

  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬   ، ‫א‬‫א‬
K

‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،‫א‬  
   ‫א‬    ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬    E2-2F‫ א‬K‫א‬
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
2-2‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
21
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
WEPL F‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬ J‫א‬
،v‫א‬m ،‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
∙ 2 1
 W‫א‬‫א‬F
 WE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
F m ∙ a 2 2
 W‫א‬‫א‬
F m ∙ g 2 3
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
∙
F 2 4
 W‫א‬‫א‬ J
ωL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

P T . ω 2 5
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬TL
 
 

22
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬ J
P Q. ρ. g. h 2 6
 W
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
Em3/sF  Q ‫א‬
Ekg/m3F  ρ  ‫א‬
m  h H ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬ J
P Q. p 2 7
 W
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
Em3/sF  Q  ‫א‬‫א‬
EN/m2)  p  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 WEPm F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2-3F‫א‬
‫א‬    K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬     ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EηmF‫א‬
 WEηcF

η 2 8

η 2 9

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Pin
 

23
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
  W‫א‬‫א‬

2 10
η
 WETmF‫א‬‫א‬
Pm
  Tm  (2  11)
m
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

2 12
η
 I ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
∙ 2 13
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬EILF
√3 ∙ ∙ ∙ cos 2 14
‫א‬ (ηtF‫א‬‫א‬
 WE2-3F‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
P P P
η ∙ η ∙ η 2 15
P P P
t

 ‫א‬WE2-3F‫א‬
 
24
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W
‫ لتصل سرعته إلى‬20 s ‫ بدأ حركته من السكون واستغرق‬200 ton ‫ قطار كتلته‬W2-1 
‫ احسب التيار المسحوب من المصدر أثناء فترة التسارع إذا كان جھد‬. 36 km/h
 .60 % ‫ وكفاءة صندوق التروس‬90 % ‫ وكفاءة المحرك‬3000 V ‫المصدر‬
.‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
1000 5
  v  36   36   10 m/s W‫א‬
3600 18

 10=0+ a 20
a =0.5
F m. a 200 10 0.5 1 10 N

10 1 10 1 10 1
1 10
1.67
0.60
1.67
1.85
0.9
1850000
617
3000
،،0.82،3000 V،‫א‬W2-2
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K1.5 m/sec.،6000 kg‫א‬
 80%‫א‬‫א‬
∙ 6000 9.81
58860
∙ 58860 1.5 88290
88290
110362.5
0.8
110362.5
25.9
√3 ∙ cos √3 3000 0.82
I 25.9
I 15
√3 √3
 

 
25
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
1710 rpm،380 V،‫א‬W2-3
،78%‫א‬‫א‬، 1410rpm‫א‬78 Nm
،‫א‬،‫א‬W‫א‬0.82 ‫א‬،75%‫א‬
 K‫א‬
2 2 1410
ω 147.6 /
60 60
∙ω 78 147.6 11511.
11511.
14758
0.78

14758
19677
0.75
19677
I 36.46
√3 ∙ ∙ cos √3 380 0.82

ω 179 rad/ s
14758
T 82.4
ω 179
،85%،82%،380 V،‫א‬W2-4
‫א‬30 m‫א‬5000 kg 48%
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 W‫א‬
5000
∙ 9.81
2 2
24525
30

0.5 60
1 /
 PL=F.v

26
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

24525 1
24525 W
24525
51094 W
0.48

51094
62309 W
0.82

√3 ∙ ∙ cos
62309
111.4
√3 380 0.85
 
،88%، ،W2-5
‫א‬‫א‬،18 m‫א‬15 /hr‫א‬،75%
 K=1000Kg/m3‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
PL  Q. .g.h
15
PL   1000  9.81 18
60  60
PL  736 W
PL 736
Pm    981 W
c 0.75
Pm 981
Pin    1115 .0 W
m 0.88
Pin 1115
I  5 A
V 220

27
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
،80%،85%،380 V،‫א‬:2-6
25 ،100 m3/min‫א‬‫א‬،65%
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KN/m2
 W‫א‬
100
∙ 25
60
41.67
41.67
64.1
0.65
64.1
75.4
0.85

√3 ∙ cos
75.4
0.14
√3 380 0.8
 
 0.8580% 380 V ‫א‬W2-7
‫א‬K1 m/s ‫א‬3 ton‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،1 m‫א‬‫א‬90%12‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
3000 9.81 2943
∙ 29430 1 29430
29430
32700
0.9
32700
40875
0.8

28
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

40875
73
√3 ∙ cos √3 380 0.95

60Ʊ 60 1
60
1
σ
∴ σ
12 60 720 rpm
2π ∙ 2π ∙ 720
ω 75.4 rad⁄s
60 60
32700.
434 Nm
75.4
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

29
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W2-1
 ‫؟‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W2-2
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W2-3
42 ‫ لتصل سرعته إلى‬30 s ‫ بدأ حركته من السكون واستغرق‬150 ton ‫ قطار كتلته‬W2-4
3000v ‫ احسب التيار المسحوب من المصدر أتناء فترة التسارع إذا كان جھد المصدر‬km/h
.65 % ‫ وكفاءة صندوق التروس‬85 % ‫وكفاءة المحرك‬

1700 rpm،380 V،‫א‬W2-5

،75%‫א‬‫א‬، 1500rpm‫א‬85 Nm
 K‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬W‫א‬0.8‫א‬،85%‫א‬
 

،0.82،80%،380 V،‫א‬W2-6
،‫א‬60 m‫א‬8000 kg 55%
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

،85%،400 V،W2-7
‫א‬‫א‬،20 m‫א‬25 ‫א‬،65%
 K‫א‬‫א‬

،85%،80%،380 V،‫א‬W2-8
،200 ‫א‬‫א‬،75%
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K15
 
 
 
30
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
،،0.8،3000 V،‫א‬W2-9
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K2 m/sec،8000 kg‫א‬
 70%‫א‬‫א‬
 

 0.885% 380 V ‫א‬W2-10

‫א‬K1.5 m/s ‫א‬5 ton‫א‬
‫א‬،1 m‫א‬‫א‬90%10‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 

 

 
 
 

 

‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


32
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬

 

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 
 
 

33
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،
W‫א‬،
W‫א‬‫א‬ E
‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
K،‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫ א‬E
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 K

 

 

 

 

 

34
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KK‫א‬
‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ K‫א‬  
 K‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬WT=f(Ia)‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬.( T α ф Ia. )‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، (ф α Ia) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬KE3-1F‫א‬OA‫א‬‫ كما يوضح ذلك‬،(T α Ia2)
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
AB‫( كما يوضح ذلك א‬T α Ia)‫א‬ ‫א‬
 E3-1aF‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬ :n=f(Ia)‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ∝

،EE‫א‬‫א‬FE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ф‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ، n α 1/ф α 1/Ia 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K(3-1b)‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WT=f(n)‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K(3-1c)‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

(3-1)‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬ E
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

36
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

،‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K(фt = фsh + фse) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(фt = фsh + фse)( T α Ia . фt )WT=f(Ia)‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K(3-2a)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
،(фt = фsh + фse)(nα E/фt)  Wn=f(Ia)‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬K(3-2b)
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WT=f(n)‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K(3-2c)‫א‬‫א‬
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 E3-2F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬WE‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 (фt = фsh - фse) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬WT=f(Ia)‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
.(3-3a)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ Wn=f(Ia)‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬ (3-3bF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
3-F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WT=f(n)‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K(3c
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
38
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 E3-3F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬        ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K،‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(3-4)‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 W
‫ א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

39
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬3-4‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬E F  ‫א‬ (E=0)‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬       ،‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

40
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ،‫א‬ ‫א‬    
 W(3-5)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
s=sms=1،E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
s=0s=sm‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
E‫א‬‫א‬FE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬W(3-5)‫א‬
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
41
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W3-1
‫؟‬‫א‬
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W3-2
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W3-3
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W3-4
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W3-5
 
 
 
 
 
  

42
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

43
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
K‫א‬
 
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 


  

44
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬    ،‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ،‫א‬    ‫א‬      ،‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   W‫א‬   J1
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬  
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ J2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    W‫א‬   ‫א‬  J3
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬     W‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   J4
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

45
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    W‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   J5
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J6
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬    ‫א‬     W‫א‬ J7
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬ J8
‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
46
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،
‫א‬ ،‫א‬     ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬،     ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  W‫א‬ ‫א‬ J1
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ J2
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،KKKKKKKKKKKK،‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬   ، ‫א‬    K ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  W‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ J4
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬       ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J5
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

47
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬     ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K٥ J٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J6
‫א‬‫א‬       ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   
‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

  ،  

  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  W  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ J7
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ،      ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  W‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ J8
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬     ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬
K‫א‬
  

48
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W4-1
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬W4-2
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W4-3
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W4-4
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W4-5
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ Ja
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ Jb

49
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

50
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  W ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J١
K‫א‬‫א‬  J٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٣
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٤
 


  

51
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬        ،‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ K ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،…، 
‫א‬     ،         ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬      
K‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬ 
  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ،‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
52
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J1
    ،‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  J2
K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J3
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J4
  K‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ J5
K‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  J6
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ J7
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J8
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ J1
         ‫א‬ ‫א‬    J2
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J3
 
 
 
53
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 
   700 V 600 V‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ E١
،‫א‬3000 V1500 V،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
7‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(Trolleybus) ‫א‬    K ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   
10%‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ 
      ‫א‬ ‫א‬    K‫א‬  
K‫א‬ 50 km  40 km ،‫א‬‫א‬ 5 km  3 km‫א‬
،132 kV110 kV‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬

15 kV  11 kV    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  W‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  E٢
،‫א‬‫א‬K25Hz16⅔Hz
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬   F ‫א‬  ‫א‬   60 Hz  50 Hz 
KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬400V300V‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬  ‫א‬  25 Hz  16⅔ Hz ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
  ‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
54
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
K80 km50 km‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،16⅔ Hz  3.3 KV  ‫א‬   
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 Ft‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Ft ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
F F F 5 1
 W‫א‬‫א‬
F F F F 5 2
 W
Fa   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Fr ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Fg ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬   Fg = 0.0 ،‫א‬    ‫א‬   
 K
 
 
 
55
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 Wa‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬m‫א‬Fa
m . a 5 3
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W ،‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
،KKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬  K ‫א‬     ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬
F m . r 5 4
 (N/kg ) (N/tones)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ r 
K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 θ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
F W sin θ m . g . sinθ 5 5

(5-1F‫א‬

 
 
56
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ v‫א‬‫א‬
 
P F . v 5 6
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ηc‫א‬
P
P 5 7
η
 
‫א‬  1:250  ‫א‬ ،250 tonW5-1
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K 60 Km/h  0.6 m/s2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 0.05 N/kg‫א‬
Fa  m.a
Fa  250  103  0.6  150000 N
Fr  m.r
Fr  250  103  0.05  12500 N
Fg  m.g . sin 
1
Fr  250  103  9.81  9810 N
250
Ft  150000  12500  9810  172310 N
5
V  60   16.67 m/s
18
PL  F  v
  PL  172310  16.67  2872 kW
 
 
 
 
57
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،Tm‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WE5-2F‫א‬،nnm‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 (5-2)‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

58
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Tm(5-14)‫א‬

5 8

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
5 9

:‫وبقسمة ) ( ينتج‬
P
5 10

 WEσ)‫א‬

ω

ω
:(ηc =PL/Pm)‫وبالتعويض عن كفاءة صندوق التروس‬

. . 5 11

:‫ولكن‬
T L  Ft r  Ft
D (5-12)
2

‫( عن‬5-12) ‫وبالتعويض في المعادلة‬(D/2)‫א‬

:‫( ينتج‬5-11) ‫) ( في المعادلة‬

Ft  2  c 
Tm (5-13)
D
    ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬  Tm  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 

59
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W
   ،  ‫א‬  ،250ton   W5 J2 
 ‫א‬  K42km/h   20 S  ‫א‬ 1:80    ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،92%  3.5 ‫א‬  W 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬92cm‫א‬،0.04N/kg
0
42 5
v 11.67 m/s
18

11.67 0 20

11.67
0.58 /
20
.
250 10 0.58 145833 N
.
250 10 0.04 10000 ∙ N
. . sin
1
250 10 9.81 30656 ∙ N
80

145833 10.000 30.656 186489 ∙

2 ∙

2
186489. 0.92
26641.
2 0.92 3.5
26641.
6660.
4
 
60
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
،‫א‬،250 tonW5 J3
‫א‬ 3: 100 ‫א‬‫א‬، 8000 Nm‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬، 90cm‫א‬، 90% 3.5‫א‬
 ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 0.05 N/kg ‫א‬ 
3000V ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ،80km/h
 K85%‫א‬
 
4 8000 32000.
2 ∙

2 0.9 3.5 32000.

224000
0.9
.
250 10 0.05 12500
. . sin
250 10 9.81 0.03 73575

224000 73575 12500 137925

137925
0.55 /
250000
5
80 22.22 /
18
0

22.22 0 0.55

22.22
40.4
0.55

61
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

224000 22.22 4977280

4977280
1244320
4
PL
Pm 
C
1244320
1382578
0.9
Pm
Pm 
m
1382578
1626562
0.85

1626562.
542
3000

‫א‬‫א‬ 200 tonW5 J4

‫א‬ 90٪ ،3‫א‬     ، 5000 Nm ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 90cm‫א‬ 0.05 N/kg‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬20 s‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
4 5000 20000
2 ∙

2 0.9 3 20000
120000
0.9
.
200 10 0.05 10000
0

120000 10000 110000.

62
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

110000
0.55
200000

0 0.55 20 11. /
 
 ‫א‬80%‫א‬3000 v‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W5-5
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
.
120000 11 1320000
1320000
330000
4
PL
Pm 
C
330000
366667
0.9
Pm
Pm 
m
366667
458333
0.8

458333
153
3000
 
 
 
 

63
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  W5-1
‫؟‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W5-2
0.5 m/s24:100‫א‬،200 tonW5-3
 0.05 N/kg  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ K54 Km/h  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬    ،  ‫א‬  ،240ton   W5-4
‫א‬K50 km/h 25 S‫א‬ 1:100 ‫א‬
 ، 0.05N/kg ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،95%  3.5 ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬90cm‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬،250 tonW5-5
‫א‬  5: 100 ‫א‬‫א‬ ،7500 Nm
 0.06 N/Kg ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 92%  3.5‫א‬ 
‫א‬،72 km/h‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K90cm‫א‬
 K88%‫א‬3000-V‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬       ‫א‬  200 ton   W5-6
‫א‬‫א‬95%3‫א‬،6000 Nm
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 95 cm‫א‬ 0.04 N/kg‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬25 s‫א‬

  

64
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

 

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

65
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 


  

66
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
 ‫א‬  ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ،‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬ (Potential Energy) ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬(Kinetic Energy)
‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
        ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬     
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ K  
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

K‫א‬
    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ،‫א‬
   ،‫א‬   E
 F   ،‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 

67
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ،  ‫א‬   ،‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬K١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬
 Regenerative Braking W‫א‬‫ א‬-1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ،‫א‬  
  
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬      K‫א‬   ،   ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
‫א‬، (٦-١) ‫الشكل‬ E ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬   ،‫א‬        ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
KE‫א‬
  ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬   
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ( E2) ‫א‬ ( E1) ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬
 WEф=constantF‫א‬‫א‬
E Kф n 6 1
E Kф n 6 2 
WE1E2
ω
ω
 
 
 
 

69
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
:E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

E 1 . I a1 E2 .Ia2
TL   (6-3)
1 2
 W‫א‬‫א‬
T L . 2
  I a2  (6-4) 
E2

 
I I
+ +
If Ia If Ia

+ +
Eb V Eb V
_ _

_ _
a)Motor b)generator

Regenerative Braking

‫(الفرملة بإعادة التوليد‬٦-١) ‫الشكل‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

70
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
،215 V ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،220 V،‫א‬    W6-1
‫א‬‫א‬،0.04 Ω‫א‬،1150 rpm‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ،     K 190 Nm ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 K(190 Nm )‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬

2 1 2  n1 1
I a 2  TL   TL   19 0  
E2 E1 60 E1
2   1150 1
I a 2  19 0    104 . 4 A
60 215

E 2  V  I a 2 R a  220  104 . 4  0 . 04  224 . 17 V

E 224 . 17
N 2  N 1 2  1150   1200 rpm
E1 215
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

71
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 Dynamic Braking W‫א‬‫ א‬-2

،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬E RF
‫א‬،‫א‬K ‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬    ،‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬     (٢-٦F‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬ERF‫א‬‫א‬
Eb = Ib.Rt = Ib(Ra+R) (6-5)
 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Eb
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬Ib
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Rt = Ra +R
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

72
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 


 E6-2F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،0.38 Ω ‫א‬  ،230 V ، 15  ،‫א‬ ،   W6-2 
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬،54 A‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬      ،‫א‬    0.9  ،‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬1.75
 

V
Eb  0.9  230  207

I b  1.75 54  94.5
A
Eb  Ib  Rt
207
Ω
Rt   2 .19
94 .5
Ω
R  Rt  R a  2.19  0.38  1.81

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  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
،‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬    
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Reverse Current Braking or Plugging W ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬-3

‫א‬    ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،E
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬     
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ،‫א‬      ‫א‬
     ،EIbF  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
   ،‫א‬       ،‫א‬   E R F ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E6-3F‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

74
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E6-3F‫א‬

 
EEbF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Eb  V  I a  Ra (6-6)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،ERF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
E b  V  I b  Rt (6-7)
 W
Rt  R a  R

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬
T  Ia

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ETbF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WEIbF‫א‬
Tb  I b

  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
75
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  ، 18.4 kW، 220 V،‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬   W6-3 
‫א‬‫א‬،E‫א‬F‫א‬،600rpm‫א‬‫א‬
 WK0.1 Ω ‫א‬،95A‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -1
K130A‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬-2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -3

E b  V  I a . R a  220  95  0 .1  210 .5 V
V  E b  220  210 .5  430 .5 V
430 .5
V  Eb
Rt  Ib   3 .312 Ω
130
R  R t  R a  3 .312  0 .1  3 .212 Ω
2 n f
f   62 .8 rad/s
60
Pf 18 . 4  1000
Tf    293 Nm
f 62 . 8
Tf  I f
Tf If

Tb Ib
130
Tb  293   401 Nm
95

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
210 . 5
E b 0 .5   105 .25 V
2
V  E b 0 .5  220  210 .5  430 .5 V
220  105 . 25
I b 0 .5   98 . 2 A
3.3123
98 . 2
T b 0 .5  293   302 Nm
95

Tf  I f

76
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Tf If

Tb Ib
Pf 18 . 4  1000
Tf    293 Nm
f 62 . 8
130
Tb  293   401 Nm
95
،200A‫א‬‫א‬،400V،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W6-4
،600rpm ‫א‬‫א‬،0.1Ω‫א‬
 W‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -1
K300A‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬-2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -3
E b  V  I a . R a  400  200  0 .1  380 V
V  E b  400  380  780 V
780
Rt   2 .6 Ω
300
R  2 .6  0 .1  2 .5 Ω
2 n f
f   62 . 8 rad/s
60
Pf 380  200
Tf    1209 . 2 Nm
f 62 . 8
Tf If

Tb Ib
300
Tb  1209 .2   1815 .3 Nm
200
E b  n
380
E b 0 .5   190 V
2
4 00  190
I b 0 .5   226 . 92 A
2.6
226 .92
Tb 0 .5  1209 .2   1371 .96 N
200
 

77
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W6-1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W6-2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
،245 V‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،250 V،‫א‬،W6-3
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،0.05 Ω‫א‬،1200 rpm.‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬K 200 N.m ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

، 0.38 Ω‫א‬،240 V،25،‫א‬،W6-4

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬،90 A ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬0.95‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬1.6

،0.2Ω‫א‬،400V،25،EF‫א‬W6-5
،74.6%‫א‬‫א‬،450rpm‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K 

K‫א‬‫א‬ 

 
 


78
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

 

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

79
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬-
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
K‫א‬ J
K‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ J


  

80
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬     ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬ 
K 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
W‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J١
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
KKKKK،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 
81
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬ 
 

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٣
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
W‫א‬ J٤
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬ J٥
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،
K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬      ‫א‬
، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬         ،‫א‬    ‫א‬ 
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬     K‫א‬   ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
،‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   E ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ F ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
K– 
 ،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،E ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   F ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬     ‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬    K
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬     ‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬ K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
      ،‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬

    ‫א‬  
  ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬  K 
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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85
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
W
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W7-1
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W7-2
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W7-3
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬W7-4
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W7-5
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ W7-6

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86
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬–K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KKK–
 ‫א‬
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‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K–‫א‬K

A. Hughes, Heinemann Newnes, 1990. Electric Motors and Drives Fundamentals

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V. Subrahmanyam, McGraw-Hill, 1990. Electric Drives: Concepts and Application

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G. C. Garg, KHANNA Utilisation of Electric Power & Electric
PUBLISHERS DELHI, 1988. Traction
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