PART B

In Chapter 3, you have learned statistical hypothesis concerning a parameter(s) of one and two
populations. The parameters are the population mean, proportion, variance and standard
deviation. Hypothesis testing is one of the inferential statistics in statistical analysis. Assuming
that the data obtained in Assignment 1 is normally distributed population, answer the following
questions. (NOTE: Create your own hypothesised mean with justification.)

1. Conduct a hypothesis testing for one population mean from one of your data set.

Nowadays, the students are too busy and rushing for their academic performance but neglect
their health. Most of the students does not know the importance of water in their daily life. Thus,
students should drink more than 2 litres of water per day to ensure their health conditions. Table
1 below shows the 16 samples of water consume (litres) by female students in UMP per day.

Group of Water consumed by UMP students per day (litres)

student
Female 2.5 2.5 2.5 1. 2 2. 2.5 2 1.5 2 1. 1. 1 2 2 3
5 5 5 5

Table 1

STEP 1: H0: µ ≤ 2

H₁: µ > 2 (Claim)

STEP 2: Hypothesis Testing for a Population Mean using Microsoft Excel

Output from Microsoft Excel:

litres of water consume by UMP students per day

Mean 2.03125
Standard Error 0.132827818
Median 2
Mode 2.5
Standard Deviation 0.531311271
Sample Variance 0.282291667
Kurtosis -0.49338551
Skewness -0.138406934
Range 2
Minimum 1
Maximum 3
Sum 32.5
Count 16

Since significant level (α) value is not given, use standard value of α = 0.05.

Since population variance unknown and sample size <30,

t test: (x̅ - µ)/ (s/√n) = 0.2353

STEP 3: P-value for right tailed test = 0.4086

STEP 4: Since P value = 0.4086 > α = 0.05, do not reject Ho.

STEP 5: At α = 0.05, there is sufficient evidence to support the claim that female students should
drink more than 2 litres per day to ensure their health conditions.
2. Conduct a hypothesis testing to compare two population means between the two groups.

Generally, male students are look healthier and active than female students. This is because male
students consume more water (litres) per day compared to female students. Table 2 below shows
the 16 samples of litres of water consumed by female students and male students in UMP per
day.

Group of Water consumed by UMP students per day (litres)

students
Female 2. 2. 2. 1. 2 2. 2. 2 1.5 2 1. 1.5 1 2 2 3
5 5 5 5 5 5 5
Male 2 2 2 1. 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 5 1 3 2. 1
5 5

Table 2

First, hypothesis testing for the ratio of variances need to be carried out in order to compare the
population variances of both group whether is same or different since population variances
unknown.

STEP 1: i) H0: ơF2= ơM2

H₁: ơF2≠ ơM2 (Claim: Significant difference in variability)

ii) P value: 0.04780

iii) Since (P-value = 0.04780) < (α = 0.05), reject H0

iv) At α = 0.05, there is enough evidence to support the claim. Thus, there is a
difference in variability between population variances of female and male.

STEP 2: H0: µM- µF ≤ 0

 H1: µM- µF > 0 (Claim)

STEP 3: Hypothesis Testing for the Difference between Two Population Means using Microsoft
Excel

Output from Microsoft Excel (t-Test: Two-Sample Assuming Unequal Variances, n<30)

Since significant level (α) value is not given, use standard value of α = 0.05.

  female male
Mean 2.03125 2.125
Variance 0.282291667 0.816666667
Observations 16 16
Hypothesized Mean Difference 0
df 24
t Stat -0.35771789
P(T<=t) one-tail 0.361840621
t Critical one-tail 1.71088208
P(T<=t) two-tail 0.723681242
t Critical two-tail 2.063898562  

Step 4: The test is right-tailed test, hence P-value = 0.361840621 ≈ 0.3618

Step 5: Since (P-value = 0.3618) > (α = 0.05), we do not reject H0.

Step 6: At α = 0.05, there is not enough evidence to support the claim that male students drink
more water (litres) than female students per day.