253

74. F. Lihl, etc., JIMMA 29, 140

75. S. Terai, JIMMA 30, 399
76. G. V. Samsonov, etc., MA 2, 325
77. E. I. Sosnina, etc., Met ^ 1, 130917

Al-Cs
Aluminum-Cesium system
The miscibility of cesium in liquid aluminum is very limited [ 11 and probably less than
0.0x% Cs at monotectic temperature (933 °K). Cesium additions have no appreciable
effect on the mechanical properties of aluminum alloys with 0.5-2% Si or on Durai
[2], but similarly to sodium, cesium acts as a modifier for aluminum-silicon alloys of
near eutectic composition.
Diffusion of liquid cesium in aluminum has the rates:
Temperature D, surface D, bulk
(S) (S)
500 °K 6.9 x 10-15 2.4 xlO" 13
600 °K 2.4 x 10- 14 2.8 xlO- 11
The activation energy for bulk diffusion is Q = 0.34 eV [31.

REFERENCES

1. J. Czochralski, etc., Wiadomosci Inst. Met. Metaloz., 1934, 4, 18

2. W.Kroll,//M36,432
3. V. I. Borodenko, Met A 2, 130385

Al-Cu
Aluminum-Copper system
Copper is mainly added to increase the strength, at low temperature by heat treatment,
at higher temperatures through the formation of compounds with iron, manganese,
nickel, etc. It decreases the electrolytic potential, but also the corrosion resistance:
copper-bearing alloys tend to pit severely in the annealed condition and when age
hardened may be susceptible to intergranular or stress corrosion.
Liquid alloys contain clusters of CuAl2 some 40-100x 10~10m dia. ill. For ther-
modynamic data on molten alloys see [2-9]; for the exothermic reaction when molten
aluminum and copper are mixed see [7, 10]; for the electronic structure of the copper
in the alloys see [ 11, lib].
The equilibrium solid solubility is shown in Table 2.4 112-18]. Pressure reduces the
solubility: at 1000MN/m2 the solubility at 775 °K is less than 5% f 19]. The solubility
of copper in thin films (up to 250 x 10~10m thick) made by rapid condensation of