Chap 4.4 : Globalization and Indian Economy www.rava.org.

in

CHAPTER 4.4
File Revision Date : 1 July 2019
CBSE Previous Year Exams Questions Exam 2019-2020
CLASS : 10th
SUB : Social Science
Unit 4 : Understanding Economic Development
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Globalization and Indian Economy

ONE MARK QUESTIONS extent on foreign trade and foreign investment so

that the Indian companies could compete in the
international market.
1. Differentiate between investment and foreign
8. What is a Multinational Corporation?
investment.
Ans : (CBSE 2010)
Ans : (CBSE 2016)
MNC : Multinational Corporations is a company
Investment can be defined as money spent for buying
owning and or controlling production in more than
the inputs for the production like land, buildings,
one nation.
machines etc. whereas foreign investment is the
investment done by a investor from abroad or MNC is 9. Give the meaning of globalisation. (CBSE 2010)
termed as foreign investment. Ans :
2. Why do MNCs setup their offices and factories in It can be defined as process of rapid interconnection
those regions where they get cheap labour and other or integration between the international market.
resources?
NO NEED TO PURCHASE ANY BOOKS
Ans : (CBSE 2016)
MNCs setup their offices and factories in those regions For session 2019-2020 free pdf will be available at
where they get cheap labour and other resources so www.cbse.online for
that they can reduce their cost of production and 1. Previous 15 Years Exams Chapter-wise Question
maximize the profit. Bank
2. Previous Ten Years Exam Paper (Paper-wise).
3. Due to what reason are the latest models of different 3. 20 Model Paper (All Solved).
items available within our reach? (CBSE 2016) 4. NCERT Solutions
Ans : All material will be solved and free pdf. It will be
It is due the policy of liberalisation, privatization and provided by 30 September and will be updated regularly.
globalisation the latest models of different goods are
available within our reach.
4. Why had the Indian government put barriers to foreign THREE MARKS QUESTIONS
trade and foreign investment after independence?
State any one reason. (CBSE 2015) 10. Examine any three conditions which should be taken
Ans : care of by Multinational Companies to set up their
The Indian government put barriers to foreign trade production units.
and foreign investment after independence in order Ans : (CBSE 2017)
to protect the industries in India from the foreign The three conditions which should be taken care of by
competition as they were in the infancy stage. Multinational Companies to set up their production
5. What is the meaning of investment? (CBSE 2015) units are:
or a. Labour: There should be easy availability of
Define the term investment. cheap and skilled labour for the industries. This
Ans : (CBSE 2010)
will help in reducing in the cost of production and
maximizing the profit.
Investment can be defined as money spent for buying
b. Market: The markets should be close to the
the inputs for the production like land, buildings,
production units so that there should be less
machines etc.
expenditure on the transport cost.
6. What is meant by trade barrier? (CBSE 2015) c. Government policies: The government policies of
Ans : that particular countries should be in favour of
the company such as flexibility in labour laws etc.
Restrictions set by the government to increase or
decrease (regulate) the foreign trade is what called 11. How do Multi-National Corporations (MNCs) interlink
trade barrier. production across countries? Explain with examples.
7. Why did the Indian government remove barriers to a Ans : (All India 2017)
large extent on foreign trade and foreign investment? Interlinking of production is one of the important
Ans : (CBSE 2015) feature of the MNCs.
For example: An MNC from USA producing the
The Indian government removed barriers to a large
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Chap 4.4 : Globalization and Indian Economy
industrial equipment is designing its product in
the research centres of the US, its components are
manufactured in China, the assembling and the export
work is done from Mexico and Eastern Europe and its
call centres are there in India.
12. How is foreign trade interlinking markets of different
countries? Explain with example. (Foreign 2017)
Ans :
Foreign trade means trade with other countries. When
we trade with other countries then we connect with
the markets of different countries.
For example, Chinese toys in the Indian market. In
this process, the goods and services are produced and
sold at global level. There is movement of technology
and people between the countries. It gives opportunity
to the local producers to reach beyond the domestic
market. Buyers get different choice, price and quality.
13. What measures can be taken by the government of
India to make globalisation fairer? Explain.
Ans : (CBSE 2017)
The various measures that can be taken by the
government of India to make globalisation fairer are:
a. Labour laws should be implemented properly and
the workers get equal rights.
b. Government should use trade barriers if required.
c. Government should negotiate at the WTO for
fairer rules.
14. ‘Barriers on foreign trade and foreign investment were
removed to a large extent in India since 1991.’ Justify
the statement. (CBSE 2016)
or
Why have the barriers on foreign trade and foreign
investment been removed to a large extent by the
Indian government? Explain.
Ans : (CBSE 2014)
Barriers on foreign trade and foreign investment were
removed to a large extent in India since 1991. Indian
government decided to remove trade barriers due to
the following reasons:
a. The Indian government wanted the domestic
producers to face the global competition.
b. By this competition, the Indian producers j will
also get a chance to improve their quality.
c. Removal of trade barriers will allow the producers
of different countries to trade with India.
15. How have our markets been transformed? Explain
with examples. (CBSE 2016, 2014)
or
In recent years how our markets have been transformed?
Explain with examples. (CBSE 2015)
or
“A wide ranging choice of goods are available in
the Indian markets.” Support the statement with
examples in context of globalisation.
Ans : (CBSE 2016)
It is true to say that now there is wide ranging
choice of goods are available in the Indian markets.
It is possible due to the policy of liberalisation,
privatization and globalisation followed by India since
1991. Before 1990, we had limited brands and limited
variety of products in the market but now the market
Download all GUIDE and Sample Paper pdfs from www.cbse.online or www.rava.org.in
www.cbse.online
is flooded with variety of brands. For example, earlier
we had just Ambassador and Fiat cars on the Indian
roads but now we have so many brands from all over
the world. The same happened in the field of TV,
mobile phones, garments etc.
16. “Globalisation and greater competition among
producers has been advantageous to consumers.”
Justify the statement with examples. (CBSE 2016)
Ans :
It is true to state that Globalisation and greater
competition among producers has been of advantageous
to consumers. The consumers are getting advantage in
the following ways:
a. They get different brands of the product.
b. They get the goods and services at cheaper rate.
17. Why had the Indian government put barriers to foreign
trade and foreign investment after independence?
Analyse the reasons.
Ans : (CBSE 2016, 2014)
Indian government put trade barriers after the
independence on foreign trade and foreign investments
to protect the domestic producers from the foreign
competition. At that time in 1950s and 1960s Indian
industries were just coming up, so were not in a
position to compete with the foreign producers.
18. What is foreign trade? How does it integrate markets?
Explain with examples. (CBSE 2013)
or
How does foreign trade integrate the markets of
different countries? Explain with examples.
Ans : (CBSE 2016)
Foreign trade means trade with other countries. When
we trade with other countries then we connect with
the markets of different countries.
For example, Chinese toys in the Indian market. In
this process the goods and services are produced and
sold at global level. There is movement of technology
and people between the countries. It gives opportunity
to the local producers to reach beyond the domestic
market. Buyers get different choice, price and quality.
An MNC from USA producing the industrial
equipment is designing its product in the research
centres of the US, its components are manufactured
in China, the assembling and the export work is done
from Mexico and Eastern Europe and its call centres
are there in India.
19. How do large companies manipulate the market?
Explain with examples. (CBSE 2016)
Ans :
It is very true to say that the large companies often
manipulate the markets. They do this by influencing
the price of the products, labour and the market
conditions. They are able to do this because they
have huge wealth, low cost of production, and better
technology.
For example, Chinese products in the Indian
markets. Due to the low prices of the Chinese products
in the Indian market they are able to expand their
market in India. They have good number of buyers as
Page 18
Chap 4.4 : Globalization and Indian Economy
they sell the products at cheap rate.
20. “Technology has stimulated the globalisation process.”
Support the statement with examples. (CBSE 2015)
or
“Information and Communication Technology has
played a major role in spreading our production of
services across countries”. Justify the statement with
examples. (CBSE 2016)
or
How has Information and Technology stimulated
globalisation process? Explain with examples.
Ans : (CBSE 2014)
It is true to say that the Information and
Communication Technology has played a major
role in spreading our production of services across
countries. Development in technology is one of the
most important factors that has enabled the process
of globalization. It can be studied under two different
headings:
a. Developments in transport technology: The world
has done tremendous improvements in the field of
transportation technology. Now we have different
fastest means of transport with the help of which
we can reach to different parts of the world in
less time and can control trade and integrate the
markets easily.
b. Developments in ICT (Information and
Communication Technology): It includes
telephones, mobile phones, computers, internet,
fax, e-mails etc. A remarkable development can
be seen in the field of ICT throughout the world.
Now the world is just a click away. With the
help of ICT we can share and obtain information
instantly across the globe at negligible cost.
21. “Foreign trade integrates the markets in different
countries.” Support the statement with arguments.
Ans : (CBSE 2015)
Foreign trade integrates the markets in different
countries through the following ways:
a. Goods and services and produced at global level.
b. Goods and services are sold at global level.
c. Investments, technology and people are moving
between countries.
d. Production process is complex but organized.
e. It gives opportunity to the local producers to
reach beyond the domestic market.
f. Buyers get different choice, price and quality.
g. MNCs by the foreign trade connects/ integrates
the markets in the world. For example: Chinese
toys in India.
22. How did Cargill Foods became the largest producer of
the edible oils in India? Explain. (CBSE 2014)
Ans :
Cargill Foods, an American MNC has bought Indian
company named Parakh Food. Now the control on the
large marketing network and the four oil refineries has
shifted to the Cargill Food. Cargill Food has now
become the largest producer of edible oil in India.
23. Why did Ford Motors want to develop Ford India as
a component supplying base for its other plants across
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www.rava.org.in
the globe? Explain. (CBSE 2014)
or
How are local companies benefitted by collaborating
with multinational companies? Explain with examples.
Ans : (CBSE 2013)
Joining hand with local companies is also one of the
way through which the MNCs spread production.
Sometimes the MNCs join hands with the local
companies and do the production. In this process, the
local companies get twin benefits:
a. They get foreign investment.
b. MNCs provide newer technology to them for the
production.
For example: In 1995 Ford Motors an American
company joined hand with the Indian company called
Mahindra and Mahindra (manufacturer of jeeps and
trucks) due to the following reasons:
1. Availability of cheap and skilled labour.
2. Close to the markets.
24. How does foreign trade connect the markets of
different countries? Explain with example.
Ans : (CBSE 2014)
Foreign trade integrates the markets in different
countries through the following ways:
For example: Chinese toys in India. In this
process the Goods and services and produced and
sold at global level. There is movement of technology
and people between the countries. It gives opportunity
to the local producers to reach beyond the domestic
market. Buyers get different choice, price and quality.
An MNC from USA producing the industrial
equipment is designing its product in the research
centres of the US, its Components are manufactured
in china, the assembling and the export work is done
from Mexico and Eastern Europe and its call centres
are there is India.
25. “The impact of globalisation has not been visualized
uniformly among producers and workers.” Support
the statement with facts. (CBSE 2014)
Ans :
The impact of globalization, has not been uniform
among the producers and workers. The impact of
globalization can be noticed on these people:
a. Producers: there are two types of producers.
Large producers and small producers. The big
producers who join hands with the MNCs are
getting the profit but the small producers face
loss because they are not able to compete with
the large producers
b. Workers: MNCs affected the workers in both the
ways. MNCs helped in giving employment to the
workers and improved their economic conditions
but at the same time MNCs due to flexibility in
labour laws hire the workers on temporary basis
and their job is not secured.
c. The large producers manipulate the market. They
influence the price, labour, working conditions
etc. So in many cases they have to shut down
their business.
26. How do Multinational Companies manage to keep the
cost of production of their goods low? Explain with
Page 19
Chap 4.4 : Globalization and Indian Economy
examples.
Ans : (CBSE 2013)
Due to the following reasons the Multinational
Companies manage to keep the cost of production of
their goods low:
a. They set up their production units where there is
easy availability of cheap and skilled labour.
b. They look for the locations from the markets
are close so that they will have to pay less
transportation cost in supplying the final goods
to the consumers.
c. They set up their business in the countries where
the government policies are favourable for them.
Such as in India the Indian government has given
them the benefit of flexibility in labour laws.
27. What is globalisation? How does globali¬sation
help in interconnection among dif¬ferent countries?
Explain with examples. (CBSE 2013)
Ans :
It can defined as the process of rapid interconnection
or integration between the markets. The following are
the different ways through which globalisation help in
inter-connection among different countries:
a. By producing goods and services which are
produced at global level.
b. Goods and services are sold at global level.
c. Investments, technology and people are moving
between countries.
d. It gives opportunity to the local producers to
reach beyond the domestic market.
e. MNCs by the foreign trade connects/ integrates
the markets in the world.
28. How are MNCs spreading their production across
countries? Explain with an example. (CBSE 2012)
Ans :
An MNC from USA producing the industrial
equipment is designing its product in the research
centres of the US, its Components are manufactured
in China, the assembling and the export work is done
from Mexico and Eastern Europe and its call centres
are there is India.
NO NEED TO PURCHASE ANY BOOKS
For session 2019-2020 free pdf will be available at
www.cbse.online for
1. Previous 15 Years Exams Chapter-wise Question
Bank
2. Previous Ten Years Exam Paper (Paper-wise).
3. 20 Model Paper (All Solved).
4. NCERT Solutions
All material will be solved and free pdf. It will be
provided by 30 September and will be updated regularly.
29. What would happen if government of India puts
heavy tax on import of Chinese toys? Explain any
three points.
(CBSE 2012)
Ans :
The following are the three possible effects if
government of India puts heavy tax on import of
Chinese toys:
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www.cbse.online
a. The price of the Chinese toys in the Indian market
will rise.
b. Due to the high price there will be less number
of buyers.
c. The Chinese toys market in India will shrink and
the India toy makers will expand their market.
30. How has foreign trade been integrating markets
for different countries in the world? Explain with
examples.
Ans : (CBSE 2012)
Foreign trade means trade with other countries. When
we trade with other countries then we connect with
the markets of different countries.
For example, Chinese toys in the Indian market. In
this process the goods and services and produced and
sold at global level. There is movement of technology
and people between the countries. It gives opportunity
to the local producers to reach beyond the domestic
market. Buyers get different choice, price and quality.
An MNC from USA producing the industrial
equipment is designing its product in the research
centres of the US, its components are manufactured
in China, the assembling and the export work is done
from Mexico and Eastern Europe and its call centres
are there is India.
Ans :
31. What is the main aim of the world trade organisation?
Explain its functions. (CBSE 2012)
Ans :
The main aim of WTO is to liberalise international
trade.
The various functions of the World Trade Organisation
are:
a. It makes rules regarding international trade and
checks that these rulds are followed.
b. WTO says that there should be no trade barriers
i.e. members of WTO should liberalise their trade
policies and trade between countries should be
free.
c. But in practice it can be seen that developing
countries follow these rules whereas the developed
countries have not liberalized their trade policies.
32. How has globalisation been advantageous to both the
producers as well as the consumers in India? Explain.
Ans : (CBSE 2012)
This is true to state that Globalisation been
advantageous to both the producers as well as the
consumers in India. Producers: there are two types
of producers. Large producers and small producers.
The big producers who join hands with the MNCs
are getting the profit but the small producers face
loss because they are not able to compete with the
large producers. The large producers manipulate the
market. They influence the price, labour, working
conditions etc. So in many cases they have to shut
down their business.
Consumers:
a. They get different brands of the product.
b. They get the goods and services at cheaper rate.
c. They get better quality products.
Page 20
Chap 4.4 : Globalization and Indian Economy
33. Explain any three conditions that determine MNCs
setting up production in other countries.
Ans : (CBSE 2011)
The three conditions that determine MNCs setting up
production in other countries are:
a. They set up their production units where there is
easy availability of cheap and skilled labour.
b. They look for the locations from the markets
are close so that they will have to pay less
transportation cost in supplying the final goods
to the consumers.
c. They set up their business in the countries where
the government policies are favourable for them.
Such as in India the
Indian government has given them the benefit of
flexibility in labour laws.
34. “Globalisation and greater competition among
producers has been advantageous to consumers.”
Support the statement with examples.
Ans : (CBSE 2015)
Yes, it is true to say that the Globalisation and greater
competition among producers has been advantageous
to consumers because:
Consumers:
a. They get different brands of the product.
b. They get the goods and services at cheaper rate.
c. They get better quality products.
35. Explain any four ways in which globalisation and
pressure of competition has changed the lives of
workers substantially.
Ans : (CBSE 2012)
The four ways in which globalisation and pressure
of competition has changed the lives of workers
substantially are:
a. MNCs helped in reducing the unemployment in
India.
b. It provided job opportunities to the people.
c. It helped in improving the standard of living of
the workers.
d. It has given opportunity to the workers to move
out from the primary sector and helped in their
economic growth.
36. “Information and communication technology has
played a major role in spreading out products and
services across countries.” Support the statement.
Ans : (CBSE 2012)
It is true to say that Information and communication
technology has played a major role in spreading out
products and services across countries.
Developments in ICT (Information and
Communication Technology): It includes telephones,
mobile phones, computers, internet, fax, e-mails etc.
a remarkable development can be seen in the field
of ICT throughout the world. Now the world is just
a click away. With the help of ICT we can share
and obtain information instantly across the globe at
negligible cost.
37. Explain the role of government in making globalisation
fair. (CBSE 2011)
Ans :
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www.rava.org.in
The government can play the following roles to make
the globalisation fairer:
a. Government policies should protect both rich and
the poor.
b. Labour laws should be implemented properly and
the workers get equal rights.
c. Government should support the small producers
so that they can improve their performance and
compete.
d. Government should use trade barriers if required.
e. Government should negotiate at the WTO for
fairer rules.
f. All the developing countries government should
group together to fight against the developed
countries at WTO.
g. Governments can campaign and protest regarding
the unfair rules.
38. What is globalisation? Describe the role of MNCs in
promoting globalisation process.
Ans : (CBSE 2016)
Globalisation can be defined as the process of rapid
interconnection or integration between the markets.
MNCs play a vital role in promoting globalisation
process as: By producing Goods and services at global
level.
a. Goods and services and sold at global level.
Investments, technology and people are moving
between countries.
b. It gives opportunity to the local producers to
reach beyond the domestic market.
c. MNCs by the foreign trade connects/ integrates
the markets in the world.
39. What is the meaning of SEZ? Mention any two
features of SEZ. (CBSE 2011)
Ans :
SEZ means special economic zone. The two features
of SEZ are:
a. Governments are creating SEZs where they
provide world class facilities for electricity, roads,
water, transport, recreational and educational
facilities to the MNCs.
b. MNCs will not have to pay taxes for the initial
period of five years if they set up their production
units in the SEZs.
40. How do large companies often manipulate the markets?
Explain with an example. (CBSE 2011)
Ans :
It is very true to say that the large companies often
manipulate the markets. They do this by influencing
the price of the products, labour and the market
conditions. They are able to do this because they
have huge wealth, low cost of production, and better
technology.
For example, Chinese products in the Indian
markets. Due to the low prices of the Chinese products
in the Indian market they are able to expand their
market in India. They have good number of buyers as
they sell the products at cheap rate.
41. Give the meaning of WTO. Mention any two
Page 21
Chap 4.4 : Globalization and Indian Economy
shortcomings of WTO. (CBSE 2011)
Ans :
WTO means World Trade Organisation. The two
shortcomings of the WTO are:
a. WTO is not able to check the rules made for the
free and fair international trade.
b. In practice it can be seen that developing countries
follow these rules whereas the developed countries
have not liberalized their trade policies.
42. Explain any three advantages of globalisation.
Ans : (CBSE 2011)
The three advantages of globalisation are:
a. The producers are getting an opportunity to reach
beyond the domestic market.
b. The workers are getting more job opportunities.
c. The consumers are getting variety of brands with
quality and cheaper prices.
43. What is a trade barrier? Why did the Indian
government put trade barriers after independence?
Explain. (CBSE 2011)
Ans :
Restrictions set by the government to increase or
decrease (regulate) the foreign trade is what called
trade barrier.
Due to the following reasons the Indian government
put barriers to foreign trade and foreign investment
after independence:
a. The Indian government wanted the domestic
producers to face the global competition.
b. By this competition the Indian producers will also
get a chance to improve their quality.
c. Removal of trade barriers will allow the producers
of different countries to trade with India.
44. Explain with three examples how top Indian companies
have benefitted from globalisation? (CBSE 2011)
Ans :
It is true to say that the top Indian companies have
benefitted from globalisation. The three examples are:
a. The top Indian companies are benefitted from the
competition.
b. The top Indian companies invested in the newer
technologies and production methods and thus
increased their production tremendously.
c. Some of the top Indian companies like the
Tata Motors and Infosys have spread their unit
worldwide.
45. What are the harmful effects of MNCs to a host
country? Give three examples. (CBSE 2011)
Ans :
The harmful effects of MNCs to a host country are:
a. They have to provide a world class facility to
these MNCs.
b. They have to ensure flexibility in labour laws.
c. The local small producers are hit hard and have
to shut down due to the competition with the
MNC.
46. What has been the impact of globalisation on India?
Explain. (CBSE 2011)
Ans :
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www.cbse.online
Globalisation has its deep impact on India. The impact
of globalization has not been uniform in the Indian
economy as different people are affected in a different
way. The impact of globalization can be noticed, on
these people:
a. Producers: big producers who join hands with
the MNCs are getting the profit but the small
producers face loss and in many cases they have
to shut down their business.
b. Workers: MNCs helped in reducing the
unemployment in India but as MNCs get
flexibility in labour laws so they hire the workers
on temporary basis.
c. Buyers: MNCs produce mostly for the rich buyers
so the rich buyers get choices in the market more
than the poor buyers.
47. What are the benefits of the foreign trade to producers
and consumers? (CBSE 2011)
Ans :
Globalisation has been advantageous to both the
producers as well as the consumers in India.
Producers: there are two types of producers. Large
producers and small producers. The big producers
who join hands with the MNCs are getting the profit
but the small producers face loss because they are not
able to compete with the large producers. The large
producers manipulate the market. They influence
the price, labour, working conditions etc. So in many
cases they have to shut down their business.
Consumers:
a. They get different brands of the product.
b. They get the goods and services at cheaper rate.
c. They get better quality products.
48. Explain the role of information technology in
globalisation. (CBSE 2011)
Ans :
The role of information technology in globalisation:
a. Development in technology is one of the most
important factor that has enabled the process of
globalization.
b. Developments in ICT (information and
communication technology) includes telephones,
mobile phones, computers, internet, fax, e-mails
etc. a remarkable development can be seen in the
field of ICT throughout the world.
c. Now the world is just a click away. With the
help of ICT we can share and obtain information
instantly across the globe at negligible cost.
49. How has transportation technology stimulated the
globalisation process-? Explain with suitable examples.
Ans : (CBSE 2011)
Development in technology is one of the most
important factor that has enabled the process of
globalization.
Developments in transport technology: the world
has done tremendous improvements in the field of
transportation technology. Now we have different
fastest means of transport with the help of which we
can reach to different parts of the world in less time
and can control trade and integrate the markets easily.
Page 22
Chap 4.4 : Globalization and Indian Economy
50. Explain how globalisation can be made fairer.
(CBSE 2010)
Ans :
The government can play the following roles to make
the globalisation fairer:
a. Government policies should protect both rich and
the poor.
b. Labour laws should be implemented properly and
the workers get equal rights.
c. Government should support the small producers
so that they can improve their performance and
compete.
d. Government should use trade barriers if required.
e. Government should negotiate the WTO for fairer
rules.
f. All the developing countries government should
group together to fight against the developed
countries at WTO.
g. Governments can campaign and protest regarding
the unfair rules.
FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS
51. How has foreign trade been integrating markets of
different countries? Explain with examples.
Ans : (CBSE 2018)
Foreign trade means trade with other countries. When
we trade with other countries then we connect with
the markets of different countries.
For example, Chinese toys in the Indian market. In
this process the goods and services and produced and
sold at global level. There is movement of technology
and people between the countries. It gives opportunity
to the local producers to reach beyond the domestic
market. Buyers get different choice, price and quality.
An MNC from USA producing the industrial
equipment is designing its product in the research,
centres of the
US, its components are manufactured in china, the
assembling and the export work is done from Mexico
and Eastern Europe and its call centres are there is
India.
52. How do we feel the impact of globalization on our
daily life? Explain with examples. (CBSE 2018)
Ans :
This is true to say that now there is wide ranging
choice of goods available in the Indian markets.
It is possible due to the policy of liberalisation,
privatization and globalisation followed by India since
1991. Before 1990, we had limited brands and limited
variety of products in the market but now the market
is flooded with variety of brands. For example, earlier
we had just Ambassador and Fiat cars on the Indian
roads but now we have so many brands from all over
the world,. The same happened in the field of T.V,
mobile phones, garments etc.
53. Describe the contribution of technology in promoting
the process of globalization. (Delhi 2017)
or
How has improvement in technology stimulated the
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globalisation process? Explain. (CBSE 2013)
or
Explain the role of technology in stimulating
globalisation process.
Ans : (CBSE 2010)
It is true to say that the Information and
Communication Technology has stimulated the
globalisation process and played a major role in
spreading our production of services across countries.
Technological development: development in technology
is one of the most important factor that has enabled
the process of globalization. It can be studied under
two different headings:
a. Developments in transport technology: The world
has done tremendous improvements in the field of
transportation technology. Now we have different
fastest means of transport with the help of which
we can reach to different parts of the world in
less time and can control trade and integrate the
markets easily.
b. Developments in ICT (Information and
Communication Technology): It includes
telephones, mobile phones, computers, internet,
fax, e-mails etc. A remarkable development can
be seen in the field of ICT throughout the world.
Now the world is just a click away. With the
help of ICT we can share and obtain information
instantly across the globe at negligible cost.
54. Explain by giving examples how multinational
corporations are spreading their products in different
ways. (CBSE 2016, 2013)
or
How are multinational corporations spreading their
products? Explain with examples.
Ans : (CBSE 2014)
The following are the three ways in which multinational
corporations are spreading their products in different
ways:
a. Buying up the local companies: This is most
common route for MNC investment and expanding
production. MNCs can do so because they have
huge wealth. For example: Cargill Foods an
American MNC has bought Indian company
named Parakh Food. Now the control on the large
marketing network and the four oil refineries has
shifted to the Cargill Food. Cargill Food has now
become the largest producer of edible oil in India.
b. Joining hand with local companies: Sometimes
the MNCs join hands with the local companies
and do the production. In this process, the
local companies get twin benefits: (i) they get
foreign investment and («) MNCs provide newer
technology to them for the production. For
example: In 1995, Ford Motors an American
company joined hand with the Indian company
called Mahindra and Mahindra (manufacturer of
jeeps and trucks).
c. By placing orders: Sometimes MNCs just place
orders with small producers around the world for
the production of garments, footwear and sports
items. After that, the products are supplied to
the MNCs and sold under the brand name of the
MNCs.
Page 23
Chap 4.4 : Globalization and Indian Economy
55. Analyse any five positive effects of globalization on
the Indian economy.
Ans : (All India 2017)
The five positive effects of globalization on the Indian
economy are:
a. Producers: The big producers who join hands with
the MNCs are getting the profit and expanded
their business across the globe.
b. Workers: MNCs helped in reducing the
unemployment in India.
c. Buyers: The buyers are getting variety of brands
with quality at cheaper rates.
d. The Indian producers are getting an opportunity
to reach beyond the domestic market.
e. The Indian producers got foreign investment and
newer technologies from the MNCs.
56. What is liberalization? Describe any four effects of
liberalization on the Indian economy. (All India 2017)
Ans :
Removing trade barriers set by the government is
termed as liberalisation. If the country uses the policy
of liberalisation then it means that it allows other
countries to interact, which will lead to globalisation.
The four effects of liberalisation on the Indian
economy are:
a. The MNCs of other countries started coming to
India.
b. The Indian producers got an opportunity to reach
beyond the domestic market.
c. The Indian producers got foreign investment and
newer technologies from the MNCs.
d. The Indian buyers are getting variety of brands
with quality at cheaper rates.
57. Define ‘Globalisation’. Describe any four benefits of
globalisation to the Indian economy.
Ans : (Foreign 2017)
Globalisation can be defined as the process of rapid
interconnection or integration between the markets.
The four benefits of globalization to the Indian
economy are:
a. Producers: The big producers who join hands with
the MNCs are getting the profit and expanded
their, business across the globe.
b. Workers: MNCs helped in reducing the
unemployment in India.
c. Buyers: The buyers are getting variety of brands
with quality at cheaper rates.
d. The Indian producers are getting an opportunity
to reach beyond the domestic market.
e. The Indian producers got foreign invest¬ment
and newer technologies from the MNCs.
58. Describe any three ways by which multinational
companies are spreading their products across the
world.
Ans : (CBSE 2017)
The following are the three ways in which multinational
corporations are spreading their products in different
ways
a. Buying up the local companies: This is most
common route for MNC investment and
expanding production. MNCs can do so because
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www.cbse.online
they have huge wealth. For example: Cargill foods
an American MNC has bought Indian company
named Parakh Food. Now the control on the large
marketing network and the four oil refineries has
shifted to the Cargill Food. Cargill Food has now
become the largest producer of edible oil in India.
b. Joining hand with local companies: Sometimes
the MNCs join hands with the local companies
and do the production. In this process, the local
companies get twin benefits: a) they get foreign
investment and b) MNCs provide newer technology
to them for the production. For example: In 1995
Ford Motors an American company joining hand
with the Indian company called Mahindra and
Mahindra (manufacturer of jeeps and trucks).
c. By placing orders: Sometimes MNCs just place
orders with small producers around the world for
the production of garments, footwear and sports
items. After that, the products are supplied to
the MNCs and sold under the brand name of the
MNCs.
59. Describe the impact of globalisation on Indian
economy with examples. (CBSE 2016)
Ans :
The impact of globalization on the Indian economy
can be noticed both as positive and negative. These
are:
Positive impact:
a. Producers: The big producers who join hands with
the MNCs are getting the profit and expanded
their business across the globe.
b. Workers: MNCs helped in reducing the
unemployment in India.
c. Buyers: The buyers are getting variety of brands
with quality at cheaper rates.
d. The Indian producers are getting an opportunity
to reach beyond the domestic market.
e. The Indian producers got foreign investment and
newer technologies from the MNCs.
Negative impact:
a. The local small producers are not able to compete
with the MNCs and they have to shut down their
business.
b. Mostly MNCs produce goods and services for the
rich people so the poor people are not able to
enjoy the benefits of globalisation much.
c. Due to the globalisation the MNCs don’t hire the
workers on permanent basis. They use flexibility
in labour law policy.
60. Describe any five factors that promote the MNCs to
set up their production units in a particular place.
(CBSE 2016)
Ans :
The five factors that promote the MNCs to set up
their production units in a particular place are:
a. They set up their production units where there is
easy availability of cheap and skilled labour.
b. They look for the locations from the markets
are close so that they will have to pay less
transportation cost in supplying the final goods
to the consumers.
c. They set up their business in the countries where
Page 24
Chap 4.4 : Globalization and Indian Economy
the government policies are favourable for them.
Such as in India the Indian government has given
them the benefit of flexibility in labour laws.
d. MNCs set up their units where they get easy
availability of raw materials.
e. They start their offices and get world class
facilities like education, health and concession on
tax.
61. Describe the major problems created by the
globalisation for a large number of small producers
and workers.
Ans : (CBSE 2016)
The major problems created by the globalisation for
a large number of small producers and workers are:
Small producers: The local small producers are not
able to compete with the MNCs and they have to shut
down their business. It is mainly due to the following
factors:
a. Lack of newer technology.
b. MNCs have huge wealth to influence the price and
market condition.
Workers:
a. Due to the globalisation the MNCs don’t hire the
workers on permanent basis.
b. They use flexibility in labour law policy.
62. How are MNCs controlling and spreading their
productions across the world? Explain.
Ans : (CBSE 2015)
The following are the three ways in which multinational
corporations are controlling and spreading their
production across the world:
a. Buying up the local companies: This is most
common route for MNC investment and expanding
production. MNCs can do so because they have
huge wealth. For example: Cargill Foods an
American MNC has bought Indian company
named Parakh Food, Now the control on the large
marketing network and the four oil refineries has
shifted to the Cargill Food. Cargill Food has now
become the largest producer of edible oil in India.
b. Joining hand with local companies: Sometimes
the MNCs join hands with the local companies
and do the production. In this process, the
local companies get twin benefits: (z) they
get foreign investment and (ii) MNCs provide
newer technology to them for the production.
For example: In 1995 Ford Motors an American
company joining hand with the Indian company
called Mahindra and Mahindra (manufacturer of
jeeps and trucks).
c. By placing orders: Sometimes MNCs just place
orders with small producers around the world for
the production of garments, footwear and sports
items. After that, the products are supplied to
the MNCs and sold under the brand name of the
MNCs.
63. “Fair globalisation would create opportunities for
all and also ensure that benefits of globalisation are
shared better.” Support the statement.
Ans : (CBSE 2015)
Yes, it is true to say that Fair globalisation would
create opportunities for all and also ensure that
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benefits of globalisation are shared better. /
a. At present the globalisation is not free and fair.
The developed countries are dominating over
the developing countries. The MNCs have huge
wealth and thus they influence the labour, price
and market conditions.
b. In practice it can be seen that developing countries
follow the rules whereas the developed countries
have not liberalized their trade policies.
c. Also it is seen that the MNCs are producing
goods mostly for the rich buyers. The workers are
not getting permanent jobs due to the policies like
flexibility in labour laws.
d. MNCs have better technology and capital
investment which makes them superior in the
market and the other producers are out of the
race.
64. Explain the role of MNCs in the globalisation
process.
Ans : (CBSE 2014)
Globalisation can defined as the process of rapid
interconnection or integration between the markets.
MNCs play a vital role in promoting globalisation
process as:
a. By producing goods and services at global level.
b. Goods and services are sold at global level.
c. Investments, technology and people are moving
between countries.
d. It gives opportunity to the local producers to
reach beyond the domestic market.
e. MNCs by the foreign trade connects/ integrates
the markets in the world.
65. “Globalisation has been advantageous to both
consumers as well as producers.” Support the
statement with suitable examples.
Ans : (CBSE 2014)
Yes, it is true to say that the Globalisation has been
advantageous to both consumers as well as producers
because: Consumers:
a. They get different brands of the product.
b. They get the goods and services at cheaper rate.
c. They get better quality products.
Producers:
a. The local producers joining hands with MNCs get
a chance to expand their business.
b. They get the newer technology from the MNCs.
c. They get the investment done by MNCs in their
companies.
For example: In 1995 Ford Motors an American
company joined hand with the Indian company called
Mahindra and Mahindra (manufacturer of jeeps and
trucks).
66. How have our markets been transformed in recent
years? Explain with examples.
Ans : (CBSE 2013)
This is true to say that now there is wide ranging
choice of goods are available in the Indian markets.
It is possible due to the policy of liberalisation,
privatisation and globalisation followed by India since
1991. Before 1990, we had limited brands and limited
variety of products in the market but now the market
is flooded with variety of brands. For example, earlier
Page 25
Chap 4.4 : Globalization and Indian Economy
we had just Ambassador and Fiat cars on the Indian
roads but now we have so many brands from all over
the world. The same happened in the field of TV,
mobile phones, garments etc. ,
67. How has globalisation benefitted India? Explain with
five examples.
Ans : (CBSE 2013)
The process of globalisation has benefitted India in
the following ways:
Consumers:
a. They get different brands of the product.
b. They get the goods and services at cheaper rate.
c. They get better quality products.
Producers:
a. The local producers joining hands with MNCs get
a chance to expand their business.
b. They get the newer technology from the MNCs.
c. They get the investment done by MNCs in their
companies.
Workers:
a. MNCs helped in reducing the unemployment in
India.
b. It provided job opportunities to the people, (c) It
helped in improving the standard of living of the
workers.
68. How is the government of India trying to attract more
foreign investment? Explain with examples.
Ans : (CBSE 2013)
The government of India trying to attract more foreign
investment through the following ways:
a. SEZ (Special Economic Zone): Governments are
creating SEZs where they provide world class
facilities for electricity, roads, water, transport,
recreational and educational facilities. MNCs will
not have to pay taxes for the initial period of five
years if they set up their production units in the
SEZs.
b. Flexibility in Labour Laws: Governments has given
the permission to the MNCs to hire the workers
flexibly i.e., hiring the workers on temporary basis
and also ignoring the labour laws. This will help
the MNCs in reducing their labour cost and the
total cost of production.
69. Explain any three ways by which MNCs exercise
control on production.
Ans : (CBSE 2010)
The following are the three ways in which multinational
corporations are spreading their products in different
ways
a. Buying up the Local Companies: This is
most common route for MNC investment and
expanding production. MNCs can do so because
they have huge wealth. For example: Cargill Foods
an American MNC has bought Indian company
named Parakh Food. Now the control on the large
marketing network and the four oil refineries has
shifted to the Cargill Food. Cargill Food has now
become the largest producer of edible oil in India.
b. Joining hand with local companies: Sometimes
the MNCs join hands with the local companies
and do the production. In this process, the
local companies get twin benefits: (t) they
Download all GUIDE and Sample Paper pdfs from www.cbse.online or www.rava.org.in
www.cbse.online
get foreign investment and (ii) MNCs provide
newer technology to them for the production.
For example: In 1995 Ford Motors an American
company joined hand with the Indian company
called Mahindra and Mahindra (manufacturer of
jeeps and trucks).
c. By placing orders: Sometimes MNCs just place
orders with small producers around the world for
the production of garments, footwear and sports
items. After that, the products are supplied to
the MNCs and sold under the brand name of the
MNCs,
70. How is foreign trade interconnecting the markets in
different countries? Explain with examples.
Ans : (CBSE 2010)
Foreign trade means trade with other . countries.
When we trade with other countries then we connect
with the markets of different countries.
For example, Chinese toys in the Indian market. In
this process the goods and services and produced and
sold at global level. There is movement of technology
and people between the countries. It gives opportunity
to the local producers to reach beyond the domestic
market. Buyers get different choice, price and quality.
An MNC from USA producing the industrial
equipment is designing its product in the research
centres of the US, its components are manufactured
in China, the assembling and the export work is done
from Mexico and Eastern Europe and its call centres
are there is India.
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For session 2019-2020 free pdf will be available at
www.cbse.online for
1. Previous 15 Years Exams Chapter-wise Question
Bank
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