3

Scope and Sequence

Chapter Writing Skills Writing Tips Writing Activities

PART 1: THE ELEMENTS OF GOOD WRITING

1 • Identifying purpose: to
entertain, to inform, to
• Using the acronym SPA
(Subject, Purpose, Audience)
• Writing a letter about borrowing
money for two different audiences:
GETTING persuade • Brainstorming a friend or a loan officer at a bank
READY TO • Narrowing a general topic • Writing two paragraphs about the
WRITE • Recognizing and using the same subject, each with a different
steps of the writing process purpose and audience
Learning Outcome:
• Practicing prewriting • Practicing prewriting techniques
Paragraph Writing: (brainstorming, clustering, • Use the steps of the writing
Write a paragraph listing) process to write a paragraph about
using the steps of travel
the writing process

2 • Understanding the Parts of a

paragraph
• Paragraph Form
• Topic Sentences
• Writing topic, supporting, and
concluding sentences
WRITING • Writing Topic Sentences • Using facts, reasons, and • Writing a paragraph about your
PARAGRAPHS • Understanding paragraph examples for support favorite season, violence on TV,
Learning Outcome: organization, unity, and support • Concluding Sentences conserving energy
• Identifying irrelevant sentences • Paragraph titles • Writing paragraphs organized by
Paragraph Writing: time order, spatial order, and order
Write paragraphs • Using transition signals • Synonyms of importance
using time order,
• Writing a paragraph describing
spatial order, and
how your bedroom reflects your
order of importance.
personality
• Writing a paragraph about planning
a weekend trip to another city

3 • Checking grammar for

• Agreement of subjects and
• Revising
• Spelling
• Using the writing process to write
a travel article
REVISING verbs, pronouns and nouns,
AND EDITING possessive pronouns and
adjectives
Learning Outcome: • Sentence fragments
Essay Writing: Use • Run-on sentences
the writing process • Punctuation and capitalization
to write an essay • Pronoun reference
about the pressures • Subordinating Conjunctions
of being a student • Gerunds and Infinitives
• Parallel Structure
• Spelling Rules
• Revise and improve writing by
• including a clear topic
sentence, appropriate
transitions, and enough
supporting evidence
• eliminating irrelevant
sentences
• adding new ideas
• rearranging sentences

vi  Scope and

Sequence

Chapter
4 • Introductions
WRITING ESSAYS
Learning Outcome:
Essay Writing: Write a five-
paragraph essay about a
preference such as living in
a small town or living in a
big city.
Writing Skills
• Parts of an essay
• Thesis statements
• Using revising checklist,
editing checklist, peer revision
worksheet
• Using transitional signals for a
summary or a conclusion
Writing Tips Writing Activities
• Organizing essays 1• Writing,
revising, and editing an
• Introductions
• Thesis Statements
essay on the pressures of being a
student
• Supporting Paragraphs 2• Writing a five-paragraph essay
about a preference (e.g., living in a
big city v. a small town)
P
A
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T
2
:
T
Y
P
E
S
O
F
E
S
S
A
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 5 • Process essay plan
• Transition words for Process
• Time Order
• Audience
• Writing a one-paragraph
description of the process
PROCESS ESSAYS essays • Writing, revising and editing a
Learning Outcome: • Thesis statements for process “how to” essay about
essays • washing a car
Essay Writing: Use the • making rice, tea, a salad,
writing process to write noodles, etc.
a process essay using • writing a good paragraph or
time order essay
• studying for an exam
• annoying your teacher, your
boss, or your parents
• making a paper airplane,
knitting a scarf, painting a
picture, etc.

6 • Division and classification

essay plan
• Grouping Ideas
• Thesis Statements for Division
• Using the writing process to
write a division-classification
DIVISION AND • Dividing a topic into groups and Classification Essays essay about TV commercials
CLASSIFICATION • The Language of Classification: • Using the writing process to
ESSAYS Useful Sentence Patterns for write about
Thesis Statements • types of mistakes people
Learning Outcome: make when learning a second
Essay Writing: Use language
the writing process to • types of students, athletes, etc
write a division and • types of martial arts
classification essay • kinds of bad habits
• kinds of engineers (doctors,
lawyers)
• types of drivers, shoppers, etc
• kinds of novels, movies, etc

Scope
and
Sequence
  vii
 Chapter Writing Skills Writing Tips Writing Activities

7 • Cause or effect essay plan

• Using transition signals for
• Ordering Supporting
Paragraphs
• Using the writing process to write a cause
or effect essay about a topic, such as the
CAUSE AND cause or effect relationships explosion of the Internet
EFFECT • Sentence patterns for • Using the writing process to write a
ESSAYS topic sentences and thesis cause/effect essay about the causes of
statements for cause or effect heart disease
Learning Objective:
paragraphs and essays • Using information online to write about
Essay Writing: Use the causes or effects of an important
the writing process historical event
to write a cause and
effect essay

8 • The Language of Comparison

and Contrast: Useful Phrases
• Choosing a topic
• Point-by-point format
• Writing a comparison paragraph about
the similarities of two twins
COMPARISON and Sentence Patterns • Block format • Writing a point-by-point comparison-
AND • The point-by-point method contrast essay about two characters in a
CONTRAST to organize paragraphs in movie or book
ESSAYS comparison/ contrast essays • Using the writing process to write an
• The block method to organize essay comparing and contrasting:
Learning Objective:
paragraphs in comparison/ • yourself and another member of your
Essay Writing: contrast essays family.
Use the writing • an aspect of your culture, such as
process to write a eating habits, education, government,
comparison and economy, religion, or social life, with the
contrast essay same aspect of another culture.
• a photo and a painting of the same
scene.
• Two people you have worked with, such
as two coworkers at a job, two students
in a group, or two bosses you have had.

9 • Developing problem-solution
essays by using a step-by-step
• Using Transitions • Using the writing process to write
problem-solution essays about crime, etc.
PROBLEM- essay plan • Writing e-mails and letters for an Internet
SOLUTION advice column
ESSAYS • Using a peer revision worksheet, a
Learning Objective: revising checklist, and an editing checklist
• Writing a paragraph about an everyday
Essay Writing: Use
problem by finding a solution online
the writing process
to write a problem • Writing a paragraph about an everyday
and solution essay problem by finding a solution online
• Using the writing process to write a
problem / solution about essay about:
• overcrowding in your school
• the generation gap
• an argument with a friend
• deforestation
• access to the workplace for the disabled
• drug abuse

viii  Scope and

Sequence
 Chapter Writing Skills Writing Tips Writing Activities

PART 3: WRITING FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES

10 • Follow steps for writing

summaries:
• Use your own words • Using the writing process
to write a one-paragraph
WRITING • Revise draft of summary (check summary of a magazine article
SUMMARIES for accuracy, minor points, any
of your own thoughts).
Learning Objective:
• Edit for grammar, spelling,
Paragraph Writing: Write a punctuation, and capitalization.
one-paragraph summary
of an article

11 • Using revising and editing

checklists
• Phrases that introduce opinions • Using the writing process to
write opinion paragraphs about
EXPRESSING two famous paintings, two
YOUR OPINIONS poems, etc.
• Using the writing process to
Learning Objective:
write opinion essays about
Essay Writing: Write a controversial issues
five-paragraph essay that • Writing a five-paragraph essay
expresses your opinion on to express your opinion on a
a controversial topic sample exam question

12 • Pay attention to the principles of

good writing.
• Get Second Opinions • Using the writing process
to write an undergraduate
WRITING • Tips for writing application application essay and a
UNDERGRADUATE essays personal statement essay
AND GRADUATE • Write an interesting introduction,
SCHOOL body, and conclusion.
APPLICATION
ESSAYS
Learning Objective
Essay Writing: Write
an undergraduate or
graduate application essay

Scope and Sequence  ix