Latin Maxim “Rex non pottest peccare” tih hi i han zar ho teh ang u hmiang.

He maxim hi
English a a awmzia chu “The king can do no wrong” tih a ni a, a awmzia chu sawifiah viaulo mah
ila a chiang nghal hle mai awm e. Hmanlai lalte khan thu an neiin an lal em em mai a, an mahni
kha ‘dan’ anni mai a, an thuchhuak pawh dan a ni a, an thiltih apiang ,mai pawh kha dan a ni
ringawt mai. Nitla seng lova roreltu kan tih Kumpinu sawrkar ngei mai pawh khan he Latin
Maxim, “Rex non pottest peccare” tih changchawi hian an Lal lukhum khumtute kha chu thil
tisual ve theilo leh hrem theihloh ang hialin an lo ngai thin a, chu mai piah lamah lal mai bakah a
chhiahhlawh te chu khin theih an ni ngailo hial a ni.

Mahse chu ngaihdan chu kum zabi tharin a rawn her danglam a, indopui pahnihna zawh hnua
Kumpinu sawrkar a lo tlakchhiat tak hnu khan an dan tamtak an siam tha a, Crown Proceeding
Act, 1947 an hman tak hmu chuan tun hmaa thuneihna tawpkhawk an neih chu tinep hret in,
dan hnuaiah chuan an tihsualah chuan hrem theih, lei chawi thei dinhmunah an lo ding ve ta a
ni.

Mizo pi leh pute chanchin leh mizo hnam dan kan en chuan , “Tualthat hi sualna vawrtawp a nih
avangin hman lai Mizo zingah chuan, tualthattu chu a thaha chhungten an thah let ve pawh a
thiang a ni. Amaherawhchu lal sutpui a vawn hman chuan a him a ni” tih kan hmu a. Heihian
hmanlai lalte lal zia leh thuneihna tawpkhawk an neih zia chiang takin a lang a, lal sutpui vawn
chu himna a ni thei tlat a ni. Latin maxim ‘rex non pottest peccare” hi mizo pipu nunah pawh a
mikhual hauhlo mai a, mahse kumpinu sawrkarin min awp a, India independence vanga India
Union a kan luh tak avangin lalte lalna a lo tawp ve ta nghal a nih kha.

Amaherawh chu khawvela civilization upa ber pawl, India ram history kan en chuan he Latin
maxim hi hmanlai Hindu lalram thenkhatte khan an lo pawm ve hauhlo mai a, an ngaihdan
chuan Lalte chuan mipui vantlangte aiin thil tisual nasa thei zawk turah an ngai hmiah mai. An
Manu danah chuan “Mipangaiin Karshapana khat a chawi anga, lal chuan karshapana sangkhat
a chawi ang” tih a awm a. Hei bakah hian Lal chuan mipangi te aiin dan zawmna kawngah
mawhphurhna leh tihtur a ngah bik hle niin a sawi bawk a. Chuvangin lalte hremtheihloh an ni
tih chu Hindu legal system nen chuan a inperhsan hle dawn tihna a ni.

East India Company in AD 1600 chho ah sumdawnna hmachhuana India ram an rawn lut a,
India ram pum deuhthaw an thunun hnu khan thuneihna an nei sangin an lal hle mai a. India
zalenna sual hmasak ber ni a an sawi Revolt of 1857 hnuah khan kum 1858 ah India ram tan dan
thar duang in chutah chuan Sawrkar tuneitu sang ber Secretary of State kha sawrkar leh a
hnathawkte tih sualah mawhphurhna hming pu tu a ni ang tiin dan an zam a. The Government
of India Act, 1915 Section 32 ah telh leh in The Government of India Act, 1935 section 176(1)
chuan Federation of India leh Province te chu government servant te pawikhawihna ah an
mawh an phur ang tiin a sawi leh bawk a. India in kum 1947 August ni 15 a zalenna a hmuh
hnuah dan thar siamin Constitution of India Article 300 ah chuan sawrkar leh sawrkar
hnathawkte pawikhawihah Union of India leh State ten mawh an phur ang tiin dan an siam leh
ta a ni.

Mahse Article 300 ah hian sawrkar hrem theih a nih thu chu tarlang mahse a nihna takah chuan
Sovereign Function leh No-Sovereign Function tiin then a ni lawi a. Sovereign Function kan tih
chuan heng Defence, raising and maintenance arm force, making peace or war, foreign affairs,
acquisition and retaingin territory etc. ang chi ho hi an ni a. Non-Sovereign function-ah ve thung
chuan Road Transport te, Construction te, Trade activities etc. ang chi te hi a huam a. Sovereign
Function teah hi chuan sawrkar hi hrem theihloh a ngaih a ni a, non-soveriegn kan tih sawrkar
leh mimal/company/organization inkara inremna bawhchhiatna ang chiah te chuan sawrkar hi
hrem theih, khin theih a ni vet hung a ni. The Law Commission of India, 1956 khan he sovereign
immunity an tih sovereign function hi hlih rawtna an nei a, mahse tun thlengin hei erawh a la
hlawhtling rih lo thung a. “Rex non pottest peccare’ chu hmanglo tho mah ila, thil thenkhatah
erawh a zulzui chuan kan la kal reng a ni tih a hriattheih awm e.

P&O Steam Navigation v. Secretary of State (1861) case kha “Rex non pottest peccare” thupuia
neitute min awp laia thutlukna siam a ni a. Hemi case ah hian thubuai thehluttu company mi leh
sa te chu sakawr tawlailir hmangin kawngpuiah an tlan a, chu kawngah chuan sawrkar mi rawih
te chuan hnathawkin an fimkhur tawklohna avangin rod tlawn an thlauh a, chu chu sakawr
tawlailir chuan chilin an accident phah ta a. He chetsualna ah hian a hmunah mipakhat a thi
nghal a ni. He case ah hian an thutlukna chu Secretary of State kha sawrkar hnathawkte fimkhur
tawklohna vanga chhiatna thlengah mawhphurh tiring compensation pek tir a ni.

Kasturi Lal vs State of U.P case ah ve thung chuan Karturi Lal chu a rangkachak kawlte nen man
a ni a, amah hian Goldsmith a nih thu leh rengkachak a kawlte pawh chu ama ta ngei a nih thu
sawi mahse a thusawi awihsak duhloin Jail-ah an khung tat ho a, a rangkachakte chu Locker ah
an dahthat sak a ni. An chhuichian hnuin thudik a sawi a, rangkachakte chu ama ta ngei a ni tih
finfiah a nih hnuah chhuah zalen a ni a, a rangkachakte chu pek let an tum lai chuan a lo bo ta
vek mai a. Constable pakhatin lo ru chhuakin Pakistan lamah a lo tlanbo pui daih mai a ni.
Kasturi Lal chuan thubuai thehlutin sawrkar chu khing let mahse court chuan police te chu
sovereign function an nih avangin hrem theih nan nilo tiin thutlukna a siam a, Kasturi Lal chuan
a rangkachakte pawh chu a chant a vek mai a ni.

A tawp bera kan hriattur pakhat chu, government contract chungchanga a hming putu
President of India emaw Governor of State te chu Article 299 in a sawi angin a hming putu mah
ni se, a mimal ang takin hrem theih an ni lova. Article 300 in a sawi angin sawrkar leh a
hnathawkte tihsualah chuan Central level a nihin Union of India hminga sawrkar chu khin tur a
ni a, State level-ah vet hung suan State hming a khin tur a ni.