Sales #ADDIN?

Costs #ADDIN?
Benefit #ADDIN?
XLSTAT 2008.7.01 - Simulation - Run - on 10/24/2008 at 10:10:26 AM
Intervals: Number = 10
Number of simulations: 1000
Type of correlation: Spearman
Seed (random numbers): 4075526

Model constructs identified by XLSTAT:

Distributions:

Name Cell Default cell value

Data type DistributionsParameters
Sales $B$2 120.000 ContinuousNormal µ = 120; sigma = 10
Costs $B$3 80.000 ContinuousNormal µ = 80; sigma = 20

Result variables:

Name Cell Formula

Benefit $B$4 B2-B3

Simulation results (Distributions):

Descriptive statistics:

Statistic Sales Costs

No. of obse 1000 1000
No. of miss 0 0
Sum of wei 1000 1000
Minimum 92.996 9.283
Maximum 148.058 147.940
Freq. of m 1 1
Freq. of m 1 1
Range 55.062 138.657
1st Quartil 113.228 66.257
Median 120.120 79.675
3rd Quartil 126.885 93.734
Sum 120205.862 79640.764
Mean 120.206 79.641
Variance (n 97.631 405.479
Variance (n 97.729 405.884
Standard de 9.881 20.136
Standard de 9.886 20.147
Variation co 0.082 0.253
Skewness 0.005 -0.044
Skewness ( 0.005 -0.044
Skewness -0.009 0.023
Kurtosis (P -0.336 0.138
Kurtosis (F -0.332 0.145
Standard e 0.313 0.637
Lower bou 119.592 78.391
Upper bou 120.819 80.891
Standard e 0.077 0.077
Standard er 0.155 0.155
Mean absol 8.019 16.040
Median abs 6.879 13.906
Geometric 119.797 76.739
Geometric 1.086 1.336
Harmonic 119.385 72.939

Quantiles:

% Sales Costs
5 101.292 47.489
10 107.204 61.671
20 114.985 70.140
25 114.816 89.938
30 115.982 97.625
40 118.730 93.406
50 120.115 79.650
60 128.553 103.660
70 125.983 173.939
75 127.753 152.410
80 181.915 123.374
90 143.207 440.788
95 180.260 447.221

Box plots:

Box plot (Sales) Box plot (C

150 160

140
140

120

130
100
Costs
Sales

120 80

60
110

40

100
20

90 0

Scattergrams:

Scattergram (Sales) Scattergram (C

150 160

140
140

120
 Scattergram (Sales) Scattergram (C
150 160

140
140

120

130
100

Costs
Sales

120 80

60
110

40

100
20

90 0

P-P plots:

P-P plot (Sales) P-P plot (Co

1 1

0.9 0.9
Theoretical cumulative distribution

Theoretical cumulative distribution

0.8 0.8

0.7 0.7

0.6 0.6

0.5 0.5

0.4 0.4

0.3 0.3

0.2 0.2

0.1 0.1

0 0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4

Empirical cumulative distribution Empirical cumula

Q-Q plots:

Q-Q plot (Sales) Q-Q plot (Co

160 160

150 140
tile - Normal (120.21, 9.88)

tile - Normal (79.64, 20.14)

140 120

130 100

120 80

110 60

100 40
 Q-Q plot (Sales) Q-Q plot (Co
160 160

150 140

Quantile - Normal (120.21, 9.88)

Quantile - Normal (79.64, 20.14)

140 120

130 100

120 80

110 60

100 40

90 20

80 0
80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 0 20 40 60 8

Sales Co

Histogram (Sales) Empirical cumulative di

0.04 1

0.9
0.035
0.8

Cumulative relative frequency

0.03
0.7
0.025
0.6
Density

0.02 0.5

0.4
0.015
0.3
0.01
0.2
0.005
0.1

0 0
90 100 110 120 130 140 150 90 100 110

Sales Sal

Descriptive statistics for the intervals (Sales):

Lower boundUpper
[ bound [Frequency
Relative frequency
Density
90 95.9 7 0.007 0.001
95.9 101.8 17 0.017 0.003
101.8 107.7 80 0.080 0.014
107.7 113.6 155 0.155 0.026
113.6 119.5 216 0.216 0.037
119.5 125.4 204 0.204 0.035
125.4 131.3 176 0.176 0.030
131.3 137.2 103 0.103 0.017
137.2 143.1 31 0.031 0.005
143.1 149 11 0.011 0.002

Histogram (Costs) Empirical cumulative di

0.02 1

0.018 0.9

0.016 0.8
requency

0.014 0.7

0.012 0.6
 Histogram (Costs) Empirical cumulative di
0.02 1

0.018 0.9

0.016 0.8

Cumulative relative frequency

0.014 0.7

0.012 0.6
Density

0.01 0.5

0.008 0.4

0.006 0.3

0.004 0.2

0.002 0.1

0 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 0 20 40 60

Costs Co

Descriptive statistics for the intervals (Costs):

Lower boundUpper
[ bound [Frequency
Relative frequency
Density
0 15 2 0.002 0.000
15 30 5 0.005 0.000
30 45 32 0.032 0.002
45 60 118 0.118 0.008
60 75 258 0.258 0.017
75 90 279 0.279 0.019
90 105 204 0.204 0.014
105 120 80 0.080 0.005
120 135 18 0.018 0.001
135 150 4 0.004 0.000

Simulation results (Result variables):

Descriptive statistics:

Statistic Benefit
No. of obse 1000
No. of miss 0
Sum of wei 1000
Minimum -33.995
Maximum 117.259
Freq. of m 1
Freq. of m 1
Range 151.255
1st Quartil 24.494
Median 40.071
3rd Quartil 55.254
Sum 40565.099
Mean 40.565
Variance (n 516.193
Variance (n 516.710
Standard de 22.720
Standard de 22.731
Variation co 0.560
Skewness 0.111
Skewness ( 0.111
Skewness -0.013
Kurtosis (P 0.126
Kurtosis (F 0.133
Standard e 0.719
Lower bou 39.155
Upper bou 41.976
Standard e 0.077
Standard er 0.155
Mean absol 18.093
Median abs 15.404
Geometric mean
Geometric standard deviation
Harmonic 29.099

Quantiles:

% Benefit
5 15.526
10 37.225
20 51.891
25 29.178
30 56.963
40 40.619
50 39.998
60 126.081
70 107.258
75 115.421
80 109.664
90 112.606
95 512.632

Box plots:

Box plot (Benefit)

120

100

80

60
Benefit

40

20

-20
 60

Benefit
40

20

-20

-40

Scattergrams:

Scattergram (Benefit)
120

100

80

60
Benefit

40

20

-20

-40

P-P plots:

P-P plot (Benefit)

1

0.9
Theoretical cumulative distribution

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

Empirical cumulative distribution

 0.2

Theor
0.1

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

Empirical cumulative distribution

Q-Q plots:

Q-Q plot (Benefit)

150
Quantile - Normal (40.57, 22.72)

100

50

0
-50 0 50 100 150

-50

Benefit

Histogram (Benefit) Empirical cumulative dis

0.018 1

0.016 0.9

0.8
Cumulative relative frequency

0.014
0.7
0.012
0.6
0.01
Density

0.5
0.008
0.4
0.006
0.3
0.004
0.2

0.002 0.1

0 0
-100 -50 0 50 100 150 -50 -30 -10 10 30 5

Benefit Ben

Descriptive statistics for the intervals (Benefit):

Lower boundUpper
[ bound [Frequency
Relative frequency
Density
-100 -78 0 0.000 0.000
-78 -56 0 0.000 0.000
 -56 -34 0 0.000 0.000
-34 -12 11 0.011 0.001
-12 10 72 0.072 0.003
10 32 277 0.277 0.013
32 54 375 0.375 0.017
54 76 210 0.210 0.010
76 98 46 0.046 0.002
98 120 9 0.009 0.000

Simulation results (Sensitivity / Tornado / Spider):

Sensitivity (Benefit):

Distributions Correlation Contribution

Contribution (Absolute)
Costs -0.889 -79.23% 79.23%
Sales 0.455 20.77% 20.77%

Sensitivity (Benefit)

Sales
Distributions

Costs

-100% -80% -60% -40% -20% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Contribution

Tornado (Benefit):

Variables Minimum Maximum Range

Sales 28.000 52.000 24.000
Costs 32.000 48.000 16.000

Tornado (Benefit)

Costs
Distributions
 Tornado (Benefit)

Costs

Distributions

Sales

-52 -32 -12 8 28 48

Impact

Spider (Benefit):

Distributions Sales Costs

-10.00% 28.000 48.000
-7.78% 30.667 46.222
-5.56% 33.333 44.444
-3.33% 36.000 42.667
-1.11% 38.667 40.889
1.11% 41.333 39.111
3.33% 44.000 37.333
5.56% 46.667 35.556
7.78% 49.333 33.778
10.00% 52.000 32.000

Spider (Benefit)
60

50

40
Impact

30

20

10

0
-15% -10% -5% 0% 5% 10% 15%

Test interval

Sales Costs

Simulation results (Correlation matrix):

Correlation matrix (Spearman):

Variables Sales Costs Benefit

Sales 1 -0.033 0.455
Costs -0.033 1 -0.889
Benefit 0.455 -0.889 1
Values in bold are significantly different from 0 with a significance level alpha=0.05

p-values:

Variables Sales Costs Benefit

Sales 0 0.302 < 0.0001
Costs 0.302 0 < 0.0001
Benefit < 0.0001 < 0.0001 0
Values in bold are significantly different from 0 with a significance level alpha=0.05

Correlation map:

Correlation map
Sales Costs Benefit

Sales

Costs

Benefit

Simulation details:

Distributions Result variables

Simulation Sales Costs Benefit
1 114.507 88.305 26.202
2 125.910 78.008 47.902
3 128.641 99.873 28.767
4 126.497 97.728 28.769
5 125.040 70.303 54.737
6 106.767 98.011 8.755
7 126.878 60.871 66.007
 8 120.260 82.152 38.107
9 103.697 98.157 5.541
10 113.219 87.484 25.735
11 131.430 82.429 49.001
12 107.948 94.299 13.649
13 140.462 64.502 75.960
14 129.284 108.527 20.757
15 134.765 97.394 37.371
16 129.554 114.059 15.495
17 112.744 88.097 24.647
18 111.866 83.034 28.831
19 125.589 108.751 16.838
20 125.531 89.079 36.452
21 120.605 45.321 75.284
22 106.781 82.052 24.730
23 120.438 61.736 58.702
24 109.571 100.532 9.039
25 119.009 36.430 82.579
26 112.717 71.762 40.955
27 116.886 81.095 35.791
28 123.463 62.137 61.325
29 108.966 86.666 22.300
30 140.879 108.299 32.579
31 112.075 68.954 43.121
32 124.421 90.604 33.817
33 125.062 72.181 52.881
34 138.168 82.250 55.918
35 125.716 77.097 48.619
36 123.662 90.134 33.527
37 139.236 84.904 54.332
38 126.147 78.920 47.227
39 120.890 48.598 72.292
40 119.534 94.728 24.806
41 123.795 66.369 57.427
42 124.622 67.201 57.421
43 135.865 83.860 52.005
44 111.855 73.665 38.190
45 117.457 66.552 50.905
46 126.419 78.922 47.497
47 135.436 60.136 75.300
48 117.857 84.916 32.941
49 116.938 90.061 26.877
50 112.335 74.658 37.677
51 114.641 106.754 7.887
52 124.266 116.595 7.671
53 119.151 107.639 11.512
54 127.862 66.767 61.095
55 116.666 100.056 16.611
56 130.283 86.215 44.068
57 126.540 94.976 31.564
58 113.822 84.292 29.530
59 108.936 55.850 53.086
60 114.202 75.299 38.903
61 117.443 77.721 39.722
 62 120.437 62.584 57.853
63 116.927 47.800 69.128
64 119.137 94.406 24.731
65 126.143 85.876 40.267
66 118.656 55.658 62.998
67 121.004 52.674 68.330
68 125.063 52.536 72.527
69 126.725 77.974 48.751
70 117.609 73.484 44.125
71 107.077 83.731 23.347
72 124.669 71.806 52.864
73 118.768 99.548 19.220
74 108.342 85.702 22.640
75 112.310 87.464 24.846
76 109.681 62.181 47.501
77 120.638 91.669 28.969
78 134.865 90.737 44.128
79 115.876 108.683 7.193
80 106.134 73.543 32.591
81 112.679 95.114 17.565
82 117.082 51.555 65.527
83 126.285 36.729 89.556
84 148.058 95.600 52.458
85 131.096 102.294 28.801
86 125.595 42.299 83.295
87 104.224 109.833 -5.609
88 118.166 101.206 16.961
89 117.062 85.437 31.625
90 117.765 85.093 32.672
91 127.057 72.714 54.343
92 121.089 79.477 41.612
93 104.667 112.299 -7.633
94 133.383 108.945 24.439
95 146.633 102.075 44.558
96 112.711 83.783 28.928
97 118.176 98.417 19.759
98 116.697 81.055 35.642
99 113.490 81.571 31.919
100 130.506 64.702 65.804
101 108.798 103.731 5.067
102 114.149 130.099 -15.950
103 108.538 77.359 31.179
104 119.607 90.236 29.370
105 126.491 73.079 53.412
106 109.012 103.548 5.464
107 125.723 99.882 25.841
108 130.961 97.001 33.961
109 143.530 77.541 65.989
110 115.420 80.039 35.381
111 128.713 74.555 54.158
112 116.707 90.604 26.103
113 130.186 100.700 29.486
114 119.519 54.460 65.059
115 110.634 88.239 22.395
116 120.433 56.457 63.976
117 121.738 72.821 48.917
118 107.287 97.728 9.559
119 127.469 96.106 31.363
120 121.157 123.585 -2.427
121 137.401 101.168 36.233
122 116.260 54.648 61.612
123 108.374 83.254 25.120
124 128.432 48.161 80.270
125 119.100 58.999 60.101
126 134.257 75.175 59.082
127 112.712 37.665 75.047
128 99.009 66.289 32.720
129 124.294 89.054 35.241
130 123.967 82.924 41.043
131 116.144 64.926 51.218
132 103.358 97.252 6.106
133 110.834 54.805 56.029
134 122.096 68.418 53.678
135 106.368 113.539 -7.171
136 118.560 46.455 72.105
137 103.393 75.796 27.597
138 118.550 89.112 29.439
139 122.344 98.961 23.382
140 128.208 79.726 48.482
141 111.270 72.066 39.204
142 112.853 38.661 74.192
143 120.621 82.160 38.461
144 113.415 101.043 12.372
145 120.228 115.595 4.633
146 127.261 98.831 28.430
147 137.178 55.550 81.628
148 117.012 79.174 37.837
149 126.491 97.041 29.450
150 107.701 78.004 29.697
151 113.251 78.395 34.856
152 108.484 44.474 64.010
153 101.879 91.556 10.322
154 130.355 114.716 15.639
155 108.997 69.845 39.152
156 114.581 122.274 -7.693
157 117.369 64.488 52.882
158 126.180 75.300 50.880
159 123.591 126.402 -2.810
160 126.185 68.917 57.268
161 99.007 72.296 26.711
162 103.952 53.695 50.257
163 124.165 68.944 55.221
164 109.152 122.479 -13.327
165 124.790 86.969 37.821
166 139.828 99.983 39.845
167 119.072 56.957 62.116
168 128.304 78.078 50.226
169 113.696 69.784 43.911
170 104.521 89.450 15.071
171 116.347 99.855 16.492
172 133.178 71.264 61.914
173 135.344 62.722 72.622
174 120.477 85.397 35.080
175 124.967 83.382 41.585
176 118.616 74.974 43.641
177 135.667 86.946 48.721
178 128.848 93.428 35.420
179 112.369 86.053 26.317
180 125.830 74.378 51.453
181 103.605 53.432 50.173
182 130.227 111.772 18.456
183 122.840 58.288 64.552
184 114.437 74.269 40.169
185 99.812 66.160 33.652
186 124.453 109.671 14.782
187 128.416 63.461 64.956
188 130.500 65.969 64.531
189 139.267 36.477 102.790
190 130.178 42.243 87.935
191 135.582 57.076 78.506
192 109.287 74.476 34.810
193 132.545 75.345 57.201
194 116.457 67.432 49.025
195 113.767 126.015 -12.248
196 128.949 89.132 39.817
197 144.293 71.912 72.381
198 127.839 85.307 42.532
199 124.336 96.120 28.216
200 110.756 64.634 46.122
201 121.563 63.449 58.114
202 118.168 83.626 34.542
203 109.140 29.979 79.162
204 95.545 95.508 0.036
205 130.443 69.272 61.172
206 107.333 37.639 69.694
207 118.052 75.611 42.441
208 108.584 69.520 39.064
209 118.635 95.590 23.046
210 129.079 82.441 46.638
211 112.716 72.489 40.227
212 101.241 63.324 37.917
213 113.773 63.104 50.669
214 108.176 64.844 43.332
215 129.101 64.673 64.428
216 114.458 93.097 21.361
217 132.178 61.693 70.484
218 130.412 64.415 65.997
219 116.043 96.858 19.185
220 105.157 73.541 31.616
221 95.240 67.887 27.353
222 115.107 90.779 24.329
223 134.288 95.238 39.050
224 115.863 95.733 20.130
225 102.078 77.391 24.687
226 136.587 62.803 73.783
227 111.750 76.964 34.785
228 103.933 66.511 37.421
229 116.601 109.155 7.446
230 115.843 82.389 33.454
231 124.277 87.410 36.867
232 139.122 78.344 60.778
233 122.380 65.552 56.829
234 114.708 95.586 19.122
235 125.200 81.046 44.154
236 128.989 107.657 21.332
237 138.565 78.872 59.693
238 119.266 84.496 34.769
239 117.423 99.069 18.354
240 137.493 73.930 63.564
241 115.486 115.570 -0.084
242 120.921 105.139 15.782
243 138.110 52.716 85.393
244 133.408 65.766 67.642
245 110.426 71.067 39.359
246 115.641 43.839 71.802
247 105.369 95.878 9.491
248 117.899 82.900 35.000
249 133.840 59.272 74.568
250 128.180 68.642 59.538
251 112.803 95.488 17.315
252 137.262 100.883 36.379
253 137.739 20.480 117.259
254 116.972 68.673 48.299
255 109.546 94.129 15.417
256 119.137 60.146 58.991
257 133.167 69.728 63.438
258 130.711 79.166 51.545
259 112.314 93.656 18.659
260 132.183 58.734 73.449
261 123.736 79.857 43.879
262 94.127 61.258 32.870
263 119.200 74.120 45.080
264 108.360 80.983 27.377
265 106.035 85.736 20.299
266 107.061 73.910 33.150
267 118.816 84.537 34.279
268 125.703 103.933 21.770
269 107.299 70.718 36.582
270 106.726 92.443 14.284
271 114.168 75.508 38.660
272 119.965 120.737 -0.772
273 118.698 75.626 43.072
274 120.128 87.496 32.632
275 127.913 77.622 50.291
276 124.678 52.903 71.775
277 125.939 94.347 31.592
278 112.446 87.597 24.849
279 125.239 67.973 57.266
280 113.187 100.530 12.656
281 126.576 108.059 18.517
282 119.965 102.979 16.986
283 125.973 71.360 54.613
284 131.685 51.892 79.792
285 132.163 82.681 49.483
286 103.659 104.344 -0.685
287 121.900 85.058 36.843
288 121.045 74.588 46.457
289 128.482 106.549 21.933
290 124.278 68.682 55.597
291 122.259 83.844 38.415
292 116.500 67.035 49.466
293 119.399 107.978 11.421
294 108.663 86.776 21.887
295 119.155 46.576 72.578
296 128.108 92.674 35.434
297 119.075 84.473 34.603
298 133.981 64.795 69.186
299 125.942 66.485 59.457
300 112.356 63.320 49.036
301 112.887 52.257 60.629
302 110.373 67.599 42.774
303 125.602 47.483 78.118
304 117.327 81.999 35.328
305 145.587 81.966 63.621
306 138.230 86.334 51.896
307 108.853 100.787 8.067
308 125.759 9.283 116.476
309 111.912 75.018 36.894
310 131.517 82.167 49.350
311 115.268 84.239 31.029
312 102.870 71.184 31.686
313 124.969 50.259 74.711
314 127.800 74.267 53.533
315 101.904 64.869 37.035
316 125.081 106.007 19.074
317 115.043 103.716 11.327
318 133.324 82.668 50.656
319 119.488 102.501 16.988
320 111.772 84.159 27.613
321 133.139 52.793 80.346
322 128.535 67.719 60.816
323 147.085 88.282 58.803
324 119.008 110.220 8.787
325 106.664 82.598 24.066
326 104.662 57.577 47.085
327 113.969 75.376 38.593
328 132.862 73.369 59.493
329 113.919 90.839 23.081
330 121.320 59.614 61.706
331 115.203 105.724 9.478
332 115.705 76.967 38.739
333 113.961 101.134 12.827
334 104.015 74.049 29.966
335 106.511 86.471 20.040
336 124.295 86.175 38.120
337 136.478 90.707 45.771
338 132.566 66.894 65.673
339 126.059 93.578 32.481
340 96.389 39.373 57.016
341 100.587 107.181 -6.594
342 139.901 72.702 67.199
343 135.122 59.463 75.659
344 120.997 64.636 56.361
345 122.263 97.642 24.621
346 119.947 47.960 71.988
347 117.280 90.034 27.246
348 109.295 79.291 30.004
349 114.055 91.297 22.757
350 108.810 67.093 41.717
351 117.643 69.399 48.244
352 122.519 56.262 66.257
353 123.393 110.039 13.354
354 120.115 69.574 50.541
355 122.439 57.584 64.855
356 126.600 82.597 44.002
357 131.959 92.216 39.744
358 105.903 50.808 55.095
359 126.539 58.293 68.246
360 119.196 85.414 33.782
361 122.632 93.712 28.920
362 125.611 68.194 57.417
363 133.125 107.440 25.685
364 110.253 115.002 -4.748
365 111.127 54.076 57.052
366 125.336 47.243 78.093
367 119.004 56.982 62.023
368 123.006 116.928 6.078
369 134.181 50.879 83.303
370 120.397 95.918 24.479
371 107.306 68.214 39.092
372 119.554 79.633 39.920
373 127.310 91.791 35.519
374 118.692 103.998 14.693
375 124.332 95.726 28.606
376 117.070 9.369 107.701
377 105.268 92.179 13.089
378 118.180 68.277 49.903
379 120.756 102.061 18.695
380 107.191 68.390 38.801
381 116.106 63.427 52.679
382 113.231 116.630 -3.399
383 112.154 58.836 53.319
384 122.479 50.113 72.366
385 104.211 92.674 11.537
386 99.058 89.368 9.690
387 104.704 90.760 13.943
388 113.110 109.168 3.943
389 121.875 80.842 41.033
390 108.872 88.505 20.367
391 122.010 87.841 34.169
392 117.032 86.410 30.622
393 123.403 83.427 39.976
394 126.073 74.121 51.951
395 117.418 92.688 24.731
396 128.921 52.295 76.626
397 107.856 78.372 29.484
398 128.165 30.355 97.810
399 112.406 47.704 64.702
400 127.809 68.239 59.571
401 115.603 89.326 26.278
402 121.007 75.720 45.287
403 116.864 82.114 34.750
404 133.691 59.277 74.414
405 97.110 40.332 56.779
406 119.436 107.636 11.801
407 112.525 71.227 41.298
408 116.030 66.874 49.156
409 126.469 109.194 17.275
410 120.200 110.828 9.371
411 121.351 69.093 52.258
412 111.498 64.984 46.514
413 132.969 109.602 23.366
414 95.257 92.168 3.089
415 118.679 89.269 29.410
416 126.885 109.423 17.462
417 118.939 66.698 52.241
418 133.459 84.874 48.585
419 136.532 66.498 70.034
420 119.690 81.018 38.672
421 131.442 97.192 34.250
422 104.823 85.542 19.280
423 115.636 97.606 18.030
424 127.312 75.936 51.376
425 120.541 117.695 2.846
426 109.099 95.820 13.279
427 115.317 80.706 34.612
428 115.623 71.153 44.470
429 120.943 70.367 50.576
430 110.521 63.807 46.714
431 114.567 68.300 46.266
432 122.075 107.167 14.908
433 125.412 91.542 33.870
434 128.311 92.429 35.882
435 127.722 86.352 41.370
436 103.821 89.118 14.703
437 113.912 55.725 58.187
438 124.776 111.855 12.920
439 106.214 72.475 33.738
440 103.361 88.722 14.639
441 125.046 124.516 0.530
442 132.867 43.398 89.469
443 119.850 75.578 44.272
444 120.347 71.772 48.575
445 125.437 84.514 40.923
446 134.631 53.641 80.990
447 112.203 64.942 47.260
448 103.442 114.958 -11.516
449 118.255 66.373 51.883
450 120.799 67.009 53.789
451 135.623 67.219 68.404
452 134.575 91.542 43.034
453 105.396 66.069 39.327
454 131.534 70.444 61.090
455 124.954 83.428 41.526
456 138.739 114.935 23.804
457 109.904 95.174 14.730
458 128.875 51.561 77.314
459 120.573 68.609 51.964
460 113.083 68.807 44.277
461 116.179 82.777 33.402
462 122.233 63.436 58.797
463 107.127 84.574 22.553
464 131.278 68.285 62.993
465 129.227 81.825 47.403
466 111.342 96.416 14.927
467 126.819 77.094 49.725
468 123.170 77.464 45.706
469 140.398 65.448 74.950
470 114.091 95.173 18.918
471 117.203 87.611 29.592
472 110.629 65.529 45.100
473 129.000 37.907 91.093
474 119.255 101.717 17.538
475 115.569 97.563 18.006
476 124.682 72.834 51.848
477 120.794 88.285 32.509
478 115.278 108.314 6.964
479 121.391 114.865 6.526
480 128.159 95.979 32.180
481 124.105 97.837 26.268
482 114.500 54.074 60.426
483 131.479 60.790 70.690
484 107.813 48.067 59.746
485 121.557 100.575 20.982
486 114.533 75.135 39.399
487 130.469 101.081 29.387
488 105.478 82.573 22.905
489 131.003 47.023 83.980
490 101.556 65.049 36.507
491 125.744 76.372 49.372
492 111.972 70.154 41.818
493 130.428 72.626 57.803
494 122.438 103.058 19.380
495 125.555 96.216 29.339
496 118.425 98.173 20.252
497 120.891 92.639 28.252
498 108.721 77.627 31.094
499 114.102 96.724 17.379
500 111.170 113.726 -2.557
501 137.783 66.697 71.086
502 118.782 73.624 45.158
503 110.971 46.944 64.027
504 137.700 94.354 43.346
505 135.492 60.994 74.498
506 119.243 63.483 55.760
507 123.676 78.514 45.162
508 114.739 68.040 46.700
509 94.630 71.566 23.064
510 138.772 73.336 65.436
511 101.833 78.107 23.726
512 116.572 81.296 35.276
513 106.885 140.880 -33.995
514 110.425 71.206 39.219
515 109.759 48.137 61.622
516 94.302 48.606 45.696
517 128.511 109.002 19.509
518 122.004 130.595 -8.591
519 108.149 103.316 4.833
520 107.053 97.205 9.848
521 119.976 78.824 41.152
522 113.686 50.647 63.039
523 114.984 79.430 35.554
524 120.096 70.653 49.444
525 115.283 119.792 -4.509
526 103.936 117.142 -13.206
527 140.328 70.582 69.746
528 127.131 66.583 60.548
529 124.599 84.601 39.998
530 125.555 75.217 50.338
531 144.936 80.285 64.651
532 116.973 88.994 27.979
533 112.225 62.354 49.871
534 140.608 86.800 53.808
535 144.116 57.297 86.819
536 124.295 97.018 27.276
537 126.677 77.474 49.204
538 121.911 59.715 62.196
539 99.563 100.429 -0.866
540 133.916 57.445 76.471
541 129.284 73.477 55.807
542 121.115 78.002 43.113
543 125.787 101.072 24.716
544 119.469 68.372 51.097
545 127.407 65.161 62.246
546 110.226 99.219 11.007
547 124.426 48.461 75.965
548 136.030 38.259 97.771
549 129.680 55.562 74.119
550 126.607 33.683 92.924
551 123.997 64.658 59.339
552 124.183 78.213 45.970
553 114.559 50.085 64.474
554 135.919 55.383 80.535
555 125.735 85.380 40.355
556 120.539 105.135 15.404
557 110.797 98.143 12.655
558 114.181 51.383 62.798
559 127.488 79.700 47.788
560 112.537 64.404 48.133
561 139.747 93.671 46.076
562 119.813 76.706 43.107
563 111.390 129.416 -18.027
564 126.092 63.333 62.760
565 120.201 112.699 7.502
566 104.552 78.522 26.030
567 115.246 97.714 17.532
568 129.257 71.426 57.831
569 105.484 57.325 48.159
570 114.722 73.523 41.199
571 126.103 96.675 29.427
572 127.244 61.909 65.334
573 116.768 74.000 42.769
574 136.620 58.145 78.475
575 121.361 77.105 44.256
576 129.974 60.875 69.099
577 124.912 85.893 39.019
578 114.110 110.694 3.416
579 119.528 104.526 15.002
580 131.622 101.587 30.035
581 103.123 73.383 29.740
582 113.682 81.806 31.875
583 127.156 77.487 49.669
584 141.758 79.362 62.396
585 121.267 105.561 15.706
586 126.377 98.512 27.865
587 116.744 64.464 52.281
588 121.592 58.454 63.137
589 116.370 74.599 41.771
590 137.810 117.247 20.563
591 121.735 101.503 20.232
592 132.166 53.338 78.827
593 134.885 47.259 87.626
594 122.951 69.691 53.260
595 123.475 123.977 -0.502
596 116.048 78.734 37.314
597 113.749 89.734 24.015
598 110.935 81.524 29.411
599 123.523 96.456 27.067
600 126.647 78.165 48.483
601 113.281 97.923 15.358
602 134.028 28.353 105.675
603 123.224 67.905 55.319
604 123.840 60.383 63.457
605 135.144 57.550 77.594
606 121.729 98.066 23.662
607 119.862 80.520 39.342
608 128.738 63.480 65.258
609 109.166 37.333 71.833
610 136.302 72.504 63.798
611 122.025 88.391 33.634
612 105.190 70.035 35.155
613 132.175 119.933 12.243
614 133.517 87.891 45.626
615 112.557 69.317 43.239
616 118.780 49.168 69.613
617 110.772 75.520 35.253
618 113.889 70.827 43.062
619 117.684 101.556 16.127
620 107.929 40.386 67.543
621 131.237 62.844 68.393
622 105.860 82.453 23.407
623 119.324 86.468 32.856
624 115.837 114.777 1.059
625 115.985 86.948 29.037
626 116.890 82.695 34.196
627 128.562 73.198 55.363
628 115.686 63.377 52.309
629 121.636 135.649 -14.013
630 128.212 90.315 37.897
631 127.501 42.693 84.808
632 132.271 80.877 51.395
633 125.218 80.798 44.420
634 110.797 96.208 14.589
635 120.905 112.766 8.139
636 116.414 89.056 27.358
637 120.973 47.111 73.862
638 120.810 77.212 43.599
639 116.698 63.260 53.438
640 127.653 55.991 71.662
641 107.989 52.554 55.435
642 124.921 83.068 41.852
643 116.567 76.423 40.144
644 115.315 85.021 30.294
645 123.525 110.811 12.713
646 115.321 89.741 25.580
647 120.731 72.633 48.099
648 103.430 107.662 -4.232
649 119.829 86.707 33.122
650 114.173 82.435 31.738
651 116.869 71.968 44.900
652 120.718 56.717 64.002
653 122.198 92.078 30.120
654 115.487 53.286 62.201
655 115.154 86.829 28.325
656 125.066 50.585 74.480
657 122.016 84.701 37.316
658 108.136 128.482 -20.346
659 99.148 85.887 13.261
660 127.974 82.516 45.457
661 122.822 36.448 86.375
662 123.728 84.310 39.418
663 133.991 114.138 19.853
664 127.996 108.010 19.986
665 103.636 99.790 3.846
666 110.941 36.646 74.295
667 133.595 80.396 53.199
668 120.283 77.109 43.175
669 115.783 67.715 48.068
670 113.409 83.929 29.479
671 128.354 120.489 7.865
672 134.175 82.084 52.090
673 126.692 111.706 14.987
674 119.398 62.780 56.618
675 133.784 96.807 36.977
676 131.343 19.820 111.523
677 117.054 78.131 38.922
678 117.026 50.485 66.542
679 120.731 59.262 61.469
680 121.784 100.400 21.384
681 124.079 94.263 29.816
682 115.758 80.610 35.149
683 119.286 71.084 48.202
684 122.881 66.839 56.042
685 119.492 100.335 19.157
686 122.050 62.377 59.672
687 118.747 93.169 25.579
688 126.587 66.982 59.605
689 114.272 69.483 44.789
690 111.565 111.651 -0.086
691 121.682 56.097 65.585
692 109.746 108.836 0.910
693 122.055 100.052 22.003
694 108.389 64.499 43.890
695 120.124 70.879 49.246
696 108.306 68.577 39.729
697 131.047 68.961 62.086
698 114.060 77.422 36.638
699 120.015 55.057 64.958
700 108.431 79.650 28.781
701 108.762 81.675 27.086
702 131.668 81.680 49.987
703 130.052 93.894 36.158
704 120.074 73.541 46.533
705 116.278 33.562 82.716
706 113.486 80.535 32.951
707 127.305 147.940 -20.636
708 126.747 58.390 68.357
709 119.596 73.159 46.437
710 122.010 77.531 44.479
711 122.093 80.552 41.541
712 126.886 99.290 27.597
713 119.169 120.190 -1.021
714 131.023 64.858 66.166
715 132.070 78.785 53.286
716 131.692 88.769 42.923
717 128.737 82.113 46.624
718 126.339 115.360 10.978
719 106.280 99.099 7.182
720 95.985 82.890 13.095
721 116.725 86.885 29.840
722 124.017 72.511 51.506
723 118.625 66.160 52.465
724 117.163 98.661 18.502
725 130.514 119.114 11.400
726 135.961 76.211 59.750
727 136.937 88.136 48.801
728 134.558 74.436 60.122
729 124.690 81.696 42.994
730 126.625 73.150 53.475
731 115.028 73.484 41.544
732 125.773 78.471 47.303
733 103.011 78.253 24.758
734 119.020 105.741 13.279
735 106.588 66.627 39.962
736 100.360 64.774 35.586
737 111.361 87.618 23.743
738 109.599 59.830 49.769
739 128.855 76.462 52.393
740 116.012 69.087 46.925
741 109.441 89.785 19.657
742 109.473 85.733 23.740
743 118.440 54.298 64.142
744 111.738 58.006 53.732
745 119.868 74.452 45.416
746 130.942 115.200 15.742
747 123.980 107.973 16.007
748 125.745 35.911 89.834
749 123.724 84.723 39.001
750 125.788 101.588 24.200
751 121.459 93.189 28.271
752 138.556 77.315 61.241
753 121.016 77.704 43.311
754 119.335 87.799 31.536
755 131.514 81.023 50.490
756 133.042 110.157 22.885
757 116.698 52.058 64.641
758 112.837 72.075 40.762
759 104.066 96.958 7.108
760 103.545 64.417 39.128
761 117.239 93.442 23.797
762 123.642 111.314 12.328
763 121.059 78.019 43.040
764 123.657 88.028 35.629
765 104.493 90.346 14.148
766 128.241 34.707 93.534
767 127.391 96.820 30.571
768 131.220 81.570 49.650
769 105.957 34.148 71.809
770 138.726 63.025 75.701
771 107.023 91.997 15.026
772 124.503 90.483 34.020
773 137.572 95.190 42.382
774 114.343 69.730 44.612
775 105.689 83.177 22.512
776 121.642 79.978 41.663
777 113.628 58.958 54.670
778 119.521 79.753 39.768
779 108.120 85.732 22.388
780 133.968 49.431 84.537
781 132.643 82.791 49.852
782 136.790 92.222 44.568
783 132.567 90.495 42.073
784 121.728 84.079 37.649
785 105.571 123.617 -18.046
786 125.332 57.924 67.408
787 98.708 45.258 53.449
788 122.513 77.779 44.735
789 126.585 95.360 31.225
790 111.540 64.346 47.194
791 126.832 81.878 44.954
792 117.747 101.981 15.766
793 113.964 95.653 18.310
794 135.656 105.951 29.706
795 135.367 82.755 52.612
796 140.764 96.582 44.182
797 121.595 120.684 0.911
798 114.400 53.301 61.098
799 125.650 96.644 29.006
800 122.497 81.216 41.281
801 120.865 56.169 64.697
802 119.179 50.648 68.531
803 118.349 97.942 20.407
804 112.469 91.928 20.541
805 125.856 78.649 47.207
806 110.480 71.192 39.289
807 116.286 110.280 6.006
808 111.368 111.158 0.210
809 120.517 90.598 29.919
810 112.546 90.612 21.934
811 110.199 83.239 26.961
812 108.773 65.690 43.084
813 113.216 139.247 -26.031
814 130.691 51.045 79.646
815 110.278 104.186 6.092
816 113.383 72.753 40.630
817 114.097 100.264 13.832
818 143.675 80.904 62.770
819 111.834 48.550 63.283
820 127.076 123.312 3.763
821 133.755 34.167 99.588
822 108.103 70.290 37.814
823 111.963 74.538 37.424
824 137.044 99.963 37.081
825 125.494 75.985 49.509
826 115.363 93.801 21.562
827 121.193 83.510 37.683
828 135.130 56.630 78.500
829 92.996 90.949 2.047
830 107.712 93.354 14.359
831 127.973 88.142 39.830
832 123.399 100.223 23.176
833 125.522 110.947 14.575
834 117.495 78.259 39.237
835 116.009 93.651 22.358
836 119.463 67.717 51.746
837 127.983 47.635 80.348
838 130.129 100.302 29.826
839 131.145 52.377 78.768
840 116.071 70.889 45.182
841 115.762 93.208 22.554
842 132.901 72.627 60.274
843 102.083 71.011 31.072
844 111.701 57.253 54.448
845 126.879 92.440 34.439
846 132.293 82.242 50.051
847 132.786 42.398 90.388
848 113.998 71.056 42.941
849 127.198 48.420 78.778
850 118.760 67.969 50.791
851 131.333 113.299 18.034
852 117.592 62.791 54.802
853 107.316 83.921 23.394
854 103.465 78.965 24.500
855 102.858 44.476 58.382
856 118.305 65.014 53.291
857 123.514 88.880 34.634
858 117.191 60.307 56.884
859 122.243 99.743 22.500
860 134.772 68.949 65.823
861 131.402 39.573 91.828
862 132.429 81.653 50.776
863 132.160 84.489 47.671
864 114.910 61.440 53.470
865 120.400 63.147 57.253
866 112.848 79.870 32.978
867 111.475 86.621 24.854
868 122.987 101.827 21.161
869 111.865 71.579 40.286
870 132.625 85.507 47.118
871 122.923 89.081 33.841
872 115.223 78.026 37.197
873 114.270 87.249 27.021
874 113.091 60.805 52.285
875 126.396 91.447 34.949
876 110.514 94.579 15.935
877 110.644 94.967 15.678
878 108.056 72.400 35.656
879 111.598 81.103 30.495
880 125.387 84.430 40.957
881 113.557 67.062 46.495
882 98.609 95.750 2.859
883 106.911 63.099 43.812
884 109.328 98.267 11.061
885 119.823 82.064 37.759
886 131.603 55.295 76.308
887 129.641 85.549 44.091
888 128.341 53.823 74.518
889 101.033 79.219 21.814
890 126.525 86.139 40.386
891 117.722 81.182 36.539
892 119.823 76.832 42.991
893 144.483 95.639 48.845
894 114.261 56.624 57.637
895 112.011 54.881 57.130
896 126.280 72.163 54.117
897 126.789 88.124 38.665
898 122.776 98.670 24.106
899 104.068 82.666 21.401
900 120.371 73.856 46.515
901 124.296 74.208 50.088
902 118.515 64.591 53.923
903 114.874 69.196 45.679
904 123.020 50.289 72.731
905 113.841 46.244 67.597
906 127.093 104.617 22.476
907 108.008 86.139 21.869
908 137.279 72.167 65.112
909 108.554 77.304 31.249
910 134.685 59.163 75.522
911 107.809 61.793 46.016
912 106.929 97.205 9.723
913 132.402 92.552 39.850
914 128.438 73.205 55.233
915 112.323 77.110 35.214
916 121.644 67.268 54.377
917 123.869 85.583 38.286
918 119.484 94.388 25.097
919 124.742 61.208 63.534
920 125.079 87.393 37.685
921 130.031 65.654 64.377
922 104.611 62.783 41.828
923 121.947 104.758 17.189
924 131.784 93.842 37.942
925 136.722 68.855 67.867
926 110.840 87.448 23.392
927 130.980 111.743 19.236
928 131.568 101.575 29.993
929 120.995 100.740 20.255
930 132.012 122.764 9.248
931 117.242 64.829 52.414
932 104.368 97.192 7.176
933 114.509 74.889 39.619
934 126.367 89.871 36.497
935 119.102 66.337 52.765
936 112.755 104.121 8.634
937 104.721 81.773 22.948
938 114.446 55.437 59.009
939 115.815 69.449 46.366
940 128.091 101.755 26.335
941 127.698 19.250 108.448
942 120.036 47.331 72.705
943 128.721 77.151 51.570
944 118.048 83.984 34.064
945 117.090 78.850 38.241
946 112.490 64.628 47.862
947 141.037 96.542 44.494
948 126.650 61.524 65.126
949 106.019 94.117 11.902
950 130.719 57.065 73.654
951 119.912 94.608 25.304
952 115.281 61.223 54.058
953 127.692 60.100 67.592
954 134.532 63.014 71.517
955 102.021 91.923 10.099
956 116.503 47.181 69.321
957 114.303 86.440 27.863
958 122.572 65.546 57.027
959 125.832 53.613 72.219
960 116.966 74.347 42.619
961 143.167 81.732 61.435
962 119.354 65.302 54.052
963 110.401 80.080 30.322
964 129.570 63.917 65.653
965 111.470 100.061 11.408
966 114.868 62.397 52.470
967 99.533 99.900 -0.367
968 112.158 59.690 52.469
969 110.680 88.758 21.921
970 125.787 91.492 34.296
971 121.706 63.213 58.493
972 110.163 94.255 15.908
973 122.923 64.097 58.826
974 115.621 66.849 48.772
975 131.936 63.663 68.273
976 131.927 74.812 57.115
977 132.152 85.700 46.452
978 124.837 112.790 12.047
979 129.106 57.989 71.117
 980 133.754 88.732 45.022
981 108.403 90.817 17.586
982 127.982 71.291 56.691
983 129.402 32.587 96.815
984 117.474 67.215 50.259
985 131.977 47.376 84.600
986 106.502 116.982 -10.480
987 122.852 72.608 50.244
988 110.337 53.992 56.345
989 120.843 63.325 57.518
990 104.315 86.180 18.135
991 112.420 65.078 47.343
992 129.243 97.774 31.470
993 123.011 104.794 18.216
994 109.372 79.510 29.862
995 118.102 72.642 45.459
996 126.003 100.496 25.506
997 112.018 97.018 15.000
998 117.942 112.153 5.790
999 108.707 91.536 17.170
1000 133.604 35.180 98.424
 Box plot (Costs)
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20

Scattergram (Costs)
 Scattergram (Costs)

P-P plot (Costs)

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Empirical cumulative distribution

Q-Q plot (Costs)

60

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 Q-Q plot (Costs)
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0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

Costs

Empirical cumulative distribution (Sales)

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90 100 110 120 130 140 150

Sales

Empirical cumulative distribution (Costs)

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0.8

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 Empirical cumulative distribution (Costs)
1

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

Costs
 Empirical cumulative distribution (Benefit)
1

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0
50 -30 -10 10 30 50 70 90 110 130 150

Benefit