CHEMISTRY

I. Molecular formulas give the exact numbers of atoms in the formula of the
compound. Empirical formulas give the simplest whole number ratios of
atoms of each element in a compound.
II. Empirical formula tells us the relative ratios of different atoms in a
compound, it is the simplest form of notation.
III. A) (12*2) + (16*1) + (1*4) = 44
88/44 = 2
(C2*2) + (O*2) + (H4*2) = C4O2H8
B) (12*4) + (1*4) + (16*1) = 68
136/68 = 2
(C4*2) + (H4*2) + (O*2) = C8H802
C) (12*2) + (1*8) + (14*1) = 43
46/43 = 1
(C2*1) + (H8*1) + (N*1) = C2H8N1
IV- A) 65.5 %, 5.5%, 29.0% = 65.5g, 5.5g, 29.0g
65.5*(1/12) = 5.45 5.5*(1/1) = 5.5 29.0*(1/16) = 1.81
5.45/1.81 = 3 5.5/1.81 = 3 1.81/1.81 = 1
Here you have to find the empirical formula so there is no need of multiplying it
by 2 because you already got the lowest number in the above calculation and
there is no decimals in the number so there is no need to round off further
Answer :-C3H3O
3*2 = 6 3*2 = 6 1*2 = 2
C6H6O2
B) (12*2) + (16*1) + (1*4) = 44
110/44 = 2.5
 (C2*2.5) + (O*2.5) + (H4*2.5) = C502.5H10
In this question you have to take C3H3O for calculation which is the answer of
question no. 1
So given is molar mass of C3H3O = 110g/mol
Relative formula mass = 110
Relative formula mass of Empirical Formula C3H3O =3x12 + 3x1 + 1x16 = 55
Divide Relative Formula Mass of C3H3O by Relative Formula Mass of Empirical
Formula C3H3O
 110/55 = 2
 Multiply Each Number of Elements by 2
 (C3 x 2) + (H3 x 2) + (O1 x 2) = (C6) + (H6) + (O2)
 Molecular Formula of C3H3O = C6H6O2

C) 18.7 %, 16.3%, 65.0% = 18.7g, 16.3g, 65.0g

18.7*(1/7) = 2.67 16.3*(1/12) = 1.35 65.0*(1/16) = 4.06
2.67/1.35 = 2 1.35/1.35 = 1 4.06/1.35 = 3
2*2 = 4 1*2 = 6 3*2 = 6
Li4C2O6 ( no need to multiply by 2 since empirical formula has to be
calculated)
Answer – Li2CO3

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