Homework #1 Name:- Ali Mahmoud Ayal

Class ID:-eveninig study

1. (25 points) Brief answers:

a. (5 points) What is reservoir simulation?

Ans/ Reservoir simulation:- is an area of reservoir engineering in which uses computer models
to predict the flow of fluids (typically, oil, water, and gas) through porous media.and refers to
the construction and operation of a model whose behavior assumes the appearance of actual
reservoir behavior.

b. (8 points) What are important things to ensure a successful reservoir simulation study?

Ans/

• A conceptual model of your reservoir

• Understand geological models

• Understand reservoir simulation models change with time

• Keep both the numerical and real models of reservoir in your mind

• Understand patterns in your data

c. (5 points) Illustrate a typical reservoir simulation study workflow.

Ans/
 d. (7 points) What are the main stages in the life of a typical reservoir? What the roles of
reservoir simulation in those stages?
Ans/

1_ Exploration stage

Main players: exploration geologists

– Goals of reservoir engineers

• Reservoir

• Fluids in the reservoir

• Fluid flow properties

• Flow patterns

– Reservoir engineering tools

• Core analysis

• PVT fluid property test

• Well tests

• Well logging calculation

2. Exploitation stage

– Main players: development geologists and reservoir engineers

– Goals:

• Optimum development of the field

• Best long-term depleting plan

• Daily production and storage

– Reservoir engineering tools:

• Pressure transient analysis

• Reservoir simulation

• Material balance analysis

• Production decline analysis

 3. Enhanced recovery design

– Main players: reservoir engineers

• Increase the ultimate hydrocarbon recovery

– Reservoir engineering tools:

• Displacement efficiency

• Vertical and horizontal sweep efficiency

• Reservoir simulation

• Economics evaluation

4. Performance monitoring and optimization

– Main players: Reservoir engineers

– Goals:

• Update model assumptions used for reservoirs

– Reservoir engineering tools:

• Reservoir performance parameters monitoring

• Material balance analysis

• Reservoir simulation
5. (10 points) Compare the important tools (e.g., well logging, well testing, production decline
analysis, material balance analysis ) with reservoir simulation from two perspectives in the
following format:

definition of method data obtained for results generated

analysis
well logging are tools used while formation porosity, important role in
drilling to determine permeability, petroleum
a well's suitability and the types of exploration. It is
and to record any fluids in the used to identify the
events, such as any formation. potential for oil
problems that occur, formation depth, production at a
along with what type oil in place given source and so
of formations are etc. forms the basis for
being drilled through. the estimation of
This information is financial returns and
then used to economic benefits.
determine if the
formations are
desirable ones or
undesirable ones
depending on the
type of well. Well
logs also tell workers
oil well has enough
oil. They also tell
workers whether the
oil from a well needs
additional treatment
before it can be used
commercially.
well testing *Sand production The well test result
is the execution of a and monitoring are associated with
set of planned data *Downhole gauge some uncertainty in
acquisition activities. data the input data and in
The acquired data is *ESP pump the selected
analyzed to broaden monitoring Interpretation model
the knowledge and *Production well and reservoir
increase the optimisation parameters should
understanding of the *Production testing be reported as
hydrocarbon Etc. meaningful
properties therein numbers.
and characteristics
of the underground
reservoir where
thehydrocarbons are
trapped.
The test will also
provide information
about the state of
 the particular well
used to collect data.
The overall objective
is identifying the
reservoir's capacity
to produce
hydrocarbons, such
as oil, natural gas
and condensate.
production decline is a means of flowing bottom-hole is performed to
analysis predicting future oil pressure, obtain the
well or gas well drainage area, characteristic
production based on permeability, parameters of
past production skin reservoirs based on
history. Production existence of the production rate
decline curve boundary- and pressure data
analysis is a dominated flow. acquired in the
traditional means of oil flow rate q. production process,
identifying well similar to the
production problems pressure transient
and predicting well analysis. Under
performance and life normal conditions,
based on measured this method can be
oil well production used to estimate the
Before the original gas in place
availability of (OGIP), formation
computers, decline permeability, skin
curve analysis was factors, or fracture
performed by hand half-length.
on semi-log plot
paper. Currently,
decline curve
analysis software on
PC computers is
used to plot
production decline
curves for petroleum
economics analysis.
material balance material-balance initial gas-inplace
analysis equation is the (G) Gas and oil gravity
simplest expression initial oil in phace measurements
of the conservation reserve should be recorded
of mass in a etc. in conjunction with
reservoir. The the fluid volume
equation data. ct to the same
mathematically time period.
defines the different possible, gas-cap-
producing and solution-gas
mechanisms and production records
effectively relates should be
the reservoir fluid maintained
 and rock expansion separately.
to the subsequent Gas and oil gravity
fluid withdrawal. measurements
should be recorded
in conjunction with
the fluid volume
data.
reservoir simulation is an area of Pressure medium- or low-
reservoir Temperture permeability
engineering in which Porosity homogeneous
computer models Permeabality formations, AOFP
are used to predict Viscosity can be obtained by
the flow of fluids Dimensions (i,j,k) the back-pressure
(typically, oil, water, Thickness test or modified
and gas) through Oil flow rate isochronal test
porous media. Etc. method, and the
difference of the
results is small

6. (20 points) Please do the following using the sample data set given in the class:
a. (5 pts) Please calculate the reservoir bulk volume and pore volume

First we calcualation the bulk volume by:-

Reservior B.V =∑i × ∑j ×∑k

B.V = 1040 ×740×67

B.V=51563200 m3

Pore Volume caluclation

P.V = (B.V LAYER 1 ×Ø1)+(B.V LAYER 2 ×Ø2)+(B.V LAYER 3 × Ø3)+(B.V LAYER 4 ×

Ø4)+(B.V LYAR 5 × Ø5)+(B.V LAYER 6 × Ø6)

P.V = (7696000* 0.15 )+(9235200* 0.17 )+(10774400* 0.25)+(7696000* 0.1 )+(10004800*

0.15)+( 61568000* 0.1)

P.V = 8303974 m3

b. (5 pts) Please draw the 3-dimensional reservoir simulation model

 c. (5 pts) Please using the x-y view of the model to locate the four wells specified in the
sample data

60

50

30 Oil 1 Oil 2
30
50

80

30
60
60
50
30 Oil 3
50
60
100

d. (5 pts) Please using the x-z view to draw the perforated layers of the wells specified in
the sample data file.
I 120 70 70 30 70 145 70 30 70 145 70 30 70 7. 120
K
LAYER 10
1

LAYER 12
2
LAYER 14
3
LAYER 10
4
LAYER 13
5

LAYER 8
6