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Burton 1882 Ogham Runes PDF
Burton 1882 Ogham Runes PDF
COLLECTION
BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY
ItO&i
TIIK
A STUDY.
A Study.
Part I.
The Ogham-Runes.
1
Paper on the Ogham Character."
" Proceedings of the Royal
Irish Academy, vol. iv, part 2, p. 360.
2
The " Tract " is in the " Book of Ballymote," written about the ninth
century, and assuming its present form in the fourteenth. The treatise
is the " Precepta Doctorum " (Upaicept or Unrichetna neigeaj- or n'eigep),
b 1 j: ]• n h h t c q mg nj jr ji a o u e 1
hdt/cq aoue i
u
Here evidently the only thing needful was to
make the stem strokes of the primitive alphabet a
continuous " Fleasgh."
Let us now compare the Ogham proper with what
may be called " the Ogham-Runes " the latter ;
Runes.
P ft A 3 * r . * K.MH . t & r Y ^ .
4
Loc. cit., p. 358.
5
O'Brien and O'Reilly (Dictionaries), translated Ran by " Secret "
;
Welsh, Rhin.
b2
—
coflffI
r v i
th
b vowels, a, o, u, e, i. Sometimes
a
10
Hermothena, iv., 469.
11
O'Donovan (p. 48) makes z = ts or ds.
8 THE OGHAM-RUNES AND EL-MUSHAJJAR.
12
hoc. cit, 360.
THE OGHAM-RUNES AND EL-MUSHAJJAR. 9
(Ammian. Marcell.)
13 " Critical Essay on the Ancient Inhabitants of the Northern Parts
of Britain or Scotland." London, 1729. Chiefly a reply to O'Flaherty's
" Ogygia Vindicated."
10 THE OGHAM-RUNES AND EL-MUSHAJJAR.
u tt
Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Dublin," 1808, pp. 127-9.
15
O'Donovan, loc. cit., pp. 28 and 44. See both figured in Fergusson's
" Rude Stone Monuments," p. 207.
i6 " Hermothena," vol. v., p. 252, terminal note.
THE OGHAM-RUNES AND EL-MUSHAJJAR. 11
edited by Miss Stokes. Also Cav. Nigra, Reliquie Celtiche, Turin, 1872.
23
Professor Rhys, treating of the Welsh inscrip-
tions which date from the second century, shows
how Ogmic alphabet, claimed for their own
the
country by certain Irish antiquaries, passed from
Wales to Ireland and that the art, if ever in-
;
23
"Lectures on Welsh Philology." London: Triibner, 1877. I know
the book only from Mr. O. H. Sayce's review {The Academy, May 12,
1877). It is out of print ; and we can only hope that the learned author
will listen to the voice of the publishers, who are clamouring for a
second edition.
24
April 7, 1877.
—
No. I.
^&y<m ]
'a>s^
a (se) r y i k r
No. II.
Th is ar R u n a r
C
—'
c 2
20 THE OGHAM-RUNES AND EL-MUSHAJJAR.
33
There no known Phoenician inscription antedating b.c. 500
is
(M. Ernest Renan, p. 138 of Schliemann's " Troy ") except only the
" Moabite Stone," if that noble monument be held Phoenician.
34
Archiv fiir Sclavische Philologie. Berlin, 1877, 2 Band, 2 ter Heft).
Mr. Howorth also refers me to vol. i., series 6, of the " Memoirs of
the Academy of St. Petersburg!!."
22 THE OGHAM-RUNES AND EL-MUSH AJ JAR.
Part II.
El-Mushajjar. jsxJ1\\
35
my friend's father, Artin Bey, was of
" Tancred " declares that
Israelitic blood. The name, in India Aratoon, is the Turkish form of
flaroutioune, meaning in Armenian "Resurrection." Imagine a
Hebrew choosing such cognomen The confusion arose from the
!
b. Kholud b. 'Ad
: b. Aus (Uz)
: b. Aram b. Sam
: b. Nuh. : :
—
Buhner, 1806.
THE OGHAM-RUNES AND EL-MUSH A J JAR. 25
40
1 have outlined the subject in " The Gold Mines of Midian,"
chap. viii.
41
Proceedings of Royal Irish Academy, vol. iv., p. 362, of 1830, de-
liberately repeated in " Hermothena," vol. iv., p. 465, of 1866.
Vi
This error is Hammer's (loc. cit.).
— —
L5 ^ j) b J^sr'
wh. djb
'i
10
t
98
k . z
765 4321 a
*£r
s
j— tfaJLX~i
^
p ^i # ¥^^.¥¥f f
z kh. th t sh v k . s f a' s . n m 1 k
70 60 50 40 30 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11
gll z z
100 90 80
^ ^^^ /f<f y
= W)
THE OGHAM-RUNES AND EL-MUSHAJJAR. 27
No. VI.
43
Ibn Wahshiyah, in Hammer ; Sect, xvi., pp. 8 and 38.
44
J bid., pp. 9-46.
THE OGHAM-RUNES AND EL-MUSH A JJ A R. 29
PART III.
45
See " An
Account of Discoveries in Lycia," by Sir Charles Fellows.
London Murray, 1 840. Especially the Lycian letters in p. 442, and
:
Jk^^Uc
«U1
j*s? \b
»%-0 (In Allah's name ; this coin was
minted at Tabariyyah.
+ + I m.
48
Paris, Imprimerie Royale, 1838. Introd. to vol. i., p. lxxxvi.
— —"
49
to the Athenceum ; and that distinguished Egypto-
logist at once recognised several of the forms. In
1867-68, happening to be at Agram, he was in-
duced, little expecting that a new alphabet would
be the result, to unroll an unopened mummy belong-
ing to the Museum. Its date appeared to be 700
500 years, and he was not a
B.C. ; little surprised to
find the swathes, some of them 20 feet long, covered
not with hieroglyphs, but with characters partly
Graeco-European and partly Runic at any rate
(?) ;
4y
April 7, 1877.
d
34 THE OGHAM-RUNES AND EL-MUSH A J JAR.
and traces upon the brow suggest that the head had
been partly gilt. According to the Abbe Ljubie,
Dr. Brugsch, who inspected the mummy after it
had been unrolled by others, pronounced it to be
Cretan.
Traces of writing are shown by seven fragments,
whose measure in metres is as follows :
3 = 0-282 V X 0-052
4 = 0-260 )) X 0050
5 = 0215 )> X 0-055
6 = 0-146 >>
X 0-062
7 = 0133 (?) X 0-045
even.
" The writing is divided into sections of five or
six lines each, measuring about seven and a half
inches long, according to the length of the cloth.
These must have been in hundreds and one of the ;
/-3 AJ
+ »
Z3 r-\ =-i
O
^£> -
a r
d-v *~
5/-
\0
37
5 3 N° 2.
jr
_3 ~"
-& V
C- -LJ
*" V
3
-- >Z. =3.
-^- -x
o
-o
.6.
i
-
*3
/
ls ^
r> X
) 9
J-
X° 4
U> °
»t'
^
^s.
- f z-
^' -, c£ "
^ -_,
/^-
^ y>
7-iJ
r>
-f* r" _
lu /**
Z3
Lr c
N ?
5.
U3 ^
/
X
^ ± _
3"
r^
_f
»
^_ :fj
^L
— z_ X
^ ^> a
O T" __L
<
7
s
C l^ \j ^
THE OGHAM-RUNES AND EL-MUSHAJJAR. 37
50
Dr. Brugsch-Bey, who upon these subjects is perhaps the highest
living authority, assigns, as has been seen, the mummy to the fifth
century B.C.
—
38 THE OGHAM-RUNES AND EL-MUSHAJJAR.
y
j^j i-p ,c, w*, n, o, tl j b fe
5
; u, ^/-V •
54
further back. Dr. Schliemann's learned volume
("Troy and its Remains," London: Murray, 1875)
shows, among the monuments figures, not a few
specimens of lines so disposed that, without having
Ogham or El-Mushajjar on the brain, I cannot but
hold them to be alphabetic. A few instances will
suffice. We find the following two forms \ and ^\
on an inscribed terra- cotta seal (p. 24), which may
consequently be presumed to be significant 55 and ;
PL XXVII), 2, ^|C 3, g (
see a ] so whorl No. 400, PL
XXXIII), and
hardly be
4,
m
gE,
modifications
No. 104,
of "
p. 235.
Aryan symbols,"
These can
as
the unexplained Rosa inystica ; the well-know^n
Swastika r{^ the ev ecrrt, the signs of fire and of
good wishes, and the original cross, especially its
modification, the Maltese ; nor signs of lightning
nor mere branch ornaments, as on the " elegant
^&, will quote only two. No. 309 (PL XXI) bears
C^ 'y with six lines to the proper left and nine to the
^Nf^ right. On whorl 399 (PL XXXIII) we have a
whorl No. 115, the lines Nos. 145, 146 and No. 496
as determined by Prof. Gomperz, bear letters alpha-
betic and Cypriote. Dr. Schliemann is confident
that these existed in Homeric Troy, although Homer
uses the word ypafyeiv in two places only with the
sense of " to grave " (scratch into).
It is not a little curious that Schliemann s other
great work (" Mycenae," London
&c, Murray, :
HIPP
THE OGHAM-RUNES AND EL-MUSHAJJAR. 41
A,
7U£H tXM* *
As will be observed, there are frequent repetitions
as well as diversities in the signs ; and my learned
correspondent was of opinion that the latter were
56
Uponthe subject of the Etruscans in Egypt, see pp. 106-114 of
the Bulletin de VInstitut d Egypte, No. xiii., of 1875.
—
42 THE OGHAM-KUNES AND EL-MUSHAJJAR.
the oven had done its work and 4, the signs inscribed
;
57
Table III., p. 2, " Marche figularie condotte a graffiti, nei vasi sco-
perti nella Necropoli di Marzabotto." Primo Supplemento. Parte Prima.
Roma, &c, 1872.
58
Bologna Fava e Garagnani, 1877.
;
69
Pp. 88-89 " Le Sigue de la Croix avaiit le Christianisme," &c.
THE OGHAM-RUNES AND EL-MUSH A J JAR. 43
'
60
Fascicolo ii., vol. v. of 1877.
THE OGHAM-RUNES AND EL-MUSHAJJAR. 45