Aaa yall yuo Alay gam Bilas GUS Baal bested y aanill Bly cilpaall bald ily Lilly SISA Sg ar 5S Spmcokl a Sl capetll oles tS utd jail stl dagled Jabs praca! Be ceiealle Tail all Goll capa alse ARAN pasa gh gla) QT dey pig pecan! ual alc cgoval Gyally Synlett! Yoo¥poral gee JT AM pee galis ols VAN. Rend TAN ody alt ell! deg? Aull bapty penal wew'Y agnall 9 SUI cova Gall opt ole AS tl XK SLM SIR Bad olascely jas ais Heist boats pad gad gl gi WAVE Lad dy oi ple PSY any eo ltlJbel, asloidlbey ayn SA Lala eg! ole Gb WAVY EEN oi typed ety ald ley + lawl Labial 6 Gdly th! 2S glued LOM) taal) PS VEAA VAG, hall Lal ley pally ya plat Se peel ll de ght Lisl boy hy penal yall is pal + peal reece peel Lemed J Sc) J Stay VAAN TLS UTS Sy se sliall JL des obi Jue! Gale Ube Las by ty aw xx cell Legh Lgitsll Beets pemealll pe spall pI Seal pay Viole BAN peal pally pt alee CBSA) Vago Lhe Agdz, VANE hia) Vs siUM gi bay SUMy Lata Calg! pal eT dale aK LE ileal Legh EJ gM yoy SS de tag! 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LAI Me 2a bial pall -gpettogr-~ Bil, gly tyabl clued —— ao VAR TY op jae (gl iSS) aoe al)! am gage)eal St ay. 2 dedie really pally tN alee Je sell Ligh Les} tee ll Bia ad, Spall LU ALA Dsl A OLLI Sled LIS, lines anti! jj bill -L- Fydgdcsll dy ptll US ley dail 5 eadl JF bybil vip ol byt, pull - links pal di 57 OL PAW ALY Pll dll byt Jats, Yslandey pl gl! bbs its byt catia, Oe ea eee ° r | | | \ prisiy dent Adis gets JE | | Zila dborkel a! srt ee al | Uyeda seal | [tn ! | ’ | t yr | 1 nS Steel Bel | inl Lis by, [ile | alontsy SLL, |‘8 snall 2SH sl jucaill phd meena igi Letrceal OU pail! rel pally pill oles SIE peal tl Spill alge IKE: y/ me + dadde Mall LaF Abi cyaty Ligne athe SF dial shee 2 tea al se EAI LLL plaid cer piney bing Jodtaall ogi MISy Lhe uj OWI one = Wdshll RN oan =F «lpktaas IGE OYaee og5 ily! pai -1 - dnepal U pasll - 6 OWE ase alr - wad patent! age ee Oe On cole nel sil ee 9d peed eb OF U Sak pad pay NBL he GIS sae et Soe det, QL LM bs GSS MILs jell lst 3 hy watell i okg yl ee Go LI Sy, 2 MPUILG slay Gi ppad Soar adel Gi at gl us Y ey aU 1 gh Seal aay fetal gd eaminall 5 lly HtArithmatic Increase) ald! ait 1-5 A ped Sl Halll+ pales ate Let di LIT ode Jak, (Geometrical Increase} ipurrgll Sigh ¥-4 fg Mighell oda gi gels Gall Vola, (y) In P= InP) +K,(t,-t, ) 2 wl IT dasa coe iit Laan (Lely (Decreasing Rate of Increase) yaSled! dank tolgll ib P-) ?OgViUol pubs, om P,=S-(S-P,)e Kal) » pails INI inyall pt Lento Jez 2 PW FOND (1 OV) Ya Gg desma yay + Dagll dane ood path desing sell! alta! P NAAN Lede Lael) deal Shey qe bj Lili Gieim shar ol: Bs «AE ime) IRM dep Fob Bt dee: K, (gle) Rearag) LI gi GK Appin! Fall Jame : K, (pailize) ghaidl toll dane: K'g (qetall de) piyall SIS! oad gall LA: S + Earl ad ploy, Gall eal yal (1, ty) : “TY ele cel ps gl in ahaa] Oy TIA cede ge phy rel all gall opie Le YR,¥) venall a8 ee ean «Riyal Gall cps alga JS Uabti all dain OL silly ei lebhedabinnat OP wi es Cambered) MAN Bad gat cpnie 1 Sl od sale a 38 Sy dial HEI ails) petacy Sela SAAN cue : SSF Letiall Bi BI aly Gasty Ue jLonsty Saal pay iy ? JF NE od getite le Gb lia Sh ius Sigal daar ace oF tll peal) dens’ Balegll nda aly Aad,all beast aay digall Ideal ge peat Lett 505 WS ok Geelas alas) oA) Ui Ls aly Yow Gi uals WS Gh po awlatt th dl, Saad Salle aks tall coe ban Qiydey chee! pod WG WIS, Genet any sadall, . pails plate), Ange ithe ULES ol si) gad) sae wae on) : 2 yah! we (VN) pi, Spably dlaalt of cipal deplete Ge Sebi odio ai pery Ast us!veal aS a persend cell AIS USI (Y=) dye Radel yf Rall tabs gb Spell pI sae Glee ace bse / 9,8) Bets BLS 1 (Graphical Extention Method ) dyesll gsledl Ubi! 0-' et yp ey Ge to yddtell slaasll Uyee gets end Mab Ute Tledned) Gt) ace alan cleieY Al slasel Jae ob Gall 5 atyaed «Agha! - * (Graphical Comparison Method) Agel GUL ib 3-1 ell gol Nephebe deel all ones Ret) Soa! gael gio peers pe Med FSS gel gic MOU gl a ab all gb Mga Sly Ue tg lte deal GIR! plat tC sland classe! aie Slay 3 SIH diyary spall aS Jill De) OY -¥ poll / All / Aly olell wg! dae oe seal gto Ye SD Go Lely dl gl Us ea pas EY al! le Ga, ie aya Sal DR Oe Gb Let le elas pall ge acl (Average of Annual Consumption) ye yei] J gual! Lame pro cheb Rial! JQ! 2 Mad Ogee CYL ayal ol Lady DYLAN OV uae Said pala! : (Average of Annual Daily Consumption) cyoyg!! Sigua! dewyze \-¥ Real pl ae phe pall Ie ole Uys! De denis ores : (Maximum Monthly Consumption) yi edge! gail ¥-¥ De erdl Trgs Yl danegte Sips Weed ST p gare ad GL ptt cna dasegte ge (N90 = NATO) lye pany eet CGE! nal aed et ie (N05 Beis Gesdl Dye! : (Maximum: Daily Consumption) yay Ogee! yaail t-* GSN pt DS ppl On oP LIS gel ST gd oe ag etl One, dl pts Gaye Sse! all UGE La Sh sed ST A Ga ggtell Dg) deg ye (VA V0) : (Maximum Hourly Consumption) acls wigan) yal £-¥ Dee nail pe Uh eT DE GL! ST i Gan, Gli eto | eke IAgeel pal sto any poll la le De LY! (tl ae ol Ce ce DA dee Tt hee al pAlb ti GEA Gi nal ee Gd SY Naas Lbs deel pe, Oe ge Dee! pail) pe Gee LL Shee tid Jed Leseal oS! ve bhi! Leet ybbl pyc gh (yne UGS! pails) « Ltt Vleet peas deg pemnad S (acl Ogee! Cpail) pains AU gual Italy aye al pre gb andl hy pad gb WIS y Stl 3 gl | Misa Ge Yee dy SLT glee (FEV) (YY) gE bP peas (PEND UN) SIRT Not desig (10 - SUYo) = 5 (VA - VAD = ; \yee = 5 Yoon « (gine PAG Yee i BL! ai -1 2 RU Yala Gaby adel 5 OM gee Y Vues ole dpa! (o) Percent increase = [ eye -1]x 100 ee : : P, ou - (0) Percent increase = { (Bp -1jx 100 1 HLL gael LS colalae aye pre Ube ogi (0) Wall gaat, shell goal poled Olas ayes De Gf (0) Ualall gues EAI Malad jerked Ke ASS Gah ual Sayed all Biya De Gs “ aes 2m Percent increase =| ( 1+1r)-1]} x 100te : gral! 851 a a La Tae pie ali (eo) KE Cleke eda ps Le Daggrl bo) > wera oe! ins bok sity SON (TH) esveal aS Yn 0 eet Re oe EO ee eee Balt aad Ral Leal ope re Sas Le UR ital dee: : : + GIG Sapte AeA lead pate Ga tT ae) poet ges em Aol Oli es anes deter sty AKAN Fal! gal cd oll Lely) Ugey Reese eat ot eel oo Goal ~ spend!) tte Baeadl Sally ceonelly hl JT Nite polye sf gue YES Cam ooo Tagged! ghle bid erell Ted: Phase gl GLY sill DE ee egal Wyse dauegtny cyl Sle oo I Leth Ul. ipiall olelnally Lt coll Dyas wale Gol edu enshe gat shila LSI slay opel od ai fd oe = on Cale gpd IK doth, GAN Ogee Yaa lee aie sli! FeS pmea yeley Gaye Dg! + SpAll De I dS WIE, ga sel I Ge days Gey (YN) TRAN ATW Lay Goal! Ug chaege (THN) Sym Dyer kee aA JS! AL pdt AN Lal] placate pol LAAN Tegel / agill fl (Yet) ahs (ode) cli pale - \ (MA. - 490) : “Slal- (va. - tre) Ben adm gal oe Byadl oall - ¢ 2 bayde dal eye oases hee bis poy JILL, pol fad / gb Po. 2A CVV Syd coped Ogee YT dae ge Oe et ee 7 ,v death oS! pool / adlt/ Yo = SD WLS poBl fall / ALANT AT. # YA. x NE = 54 Duel pail a BV EYAL KAA = a Digi nail peel Jah / ab VY. =. + TA. & V0 = del gil pail HAS alll gab CE a LaLa aFly eye cgtheall Sg) Seely petal DI Ge I eed gal gr Bad ally hill aay! lbs Gans demesses pei nda gay (F=N) dyad, caeball PH ead (FON) dae fst / hE) ut lnall Gee! ple dd le (AgU / LRgI/ at) Coal) taste polye 4 silly dawn Ong atm gill -T Saad gall £ Sejed Slate Lyla - Qe St GUT sold YU Gala UL iy CLAY) Dpto Gib ge pel Ug YI dae poewevall aS YA aabll ilpal) cea pall Ogee Wl depts (6-9) yar eal, Galil ideally I gseeY daseyze plana Yd De prelhd all / pl) peel / adil / pl \0.- 8. pete — GR — aale il -' po all (Vow ee oldteos -1 tall sud) / ald. - NAL ols -* (0-9) Sydel) Up Jbgd Sp bl OU pad Zetl Ll Rete Gt! Ones (0-9) dye CO / AD Wt oad4 rail “a,SJI (Qdesign? Amemal OU naall -£ ee it SoA ood peal aga gi cae bg baW tenet]! OG nail cont «Sed oF og tall ob gt) debit ol aS (Tree or Ring System) yslul sf peti! pli] Ube -£ AVE ala joes (¥} Ques = Qyy XP cae LO 1 DD) gam ipa! : Qaes add 26 SF cgasel Ogee aa pat gees daeegall pail! Q,, e/a - ies ab pa oleh peda AN added SF le US giey ays Jolae : P my J yadhl oye dbsey GIKund! sae he ulis, sale ead Jala eB (V-V) Jpte de A pie ate Ss, gS san)wrell aS ¥- 2 ( Grid -fron System ) Spi! pls! Ub ¥-£ ( Transmission Main ) alJttI 4 phil \-¥-4 (a) : Ques = Qmax-daily * ire (main & secoridary pipes)‘ age jilly dqngi J! Jpghad | Y-¥—£ ; : atl espa Sl awl ez m™ Qyesc1y = Quax daily + hire (s-) ; Ques) = nax hourly : ( Minor Distributors ) avis! bbe ¥-¥-£ ay Ques = Qire : (Service Connections) dud1 oe, 1-1-6 (1 ges = Qrnax hourly ad LBD ama Spall: Qa eral pe het ames ee Dyed pal Grd + Qras daily RN ade csi gee Gee! emmy (egylll Lele igre) wel Deel pail Ge Qa, hourly + Kall ade 5 ate Pageant rye len UO-N) dyad ge ones tl Ges: Qe.rn wall aS pvall Gpall ol We vial LI tidal dS dt nas, gore Ge ISS memat op sad ate 2 ESV colalyally pla ger ytany Linky Wyte Lagd aes diya! Gg WRI sae -8 + eal paths OU par -1 de ne -7 MST ls Raf ~£ OlRadt one - 4 Ball Gall akg fede gy elle I mpeaiy Gell Wd ae watt ot oA Sa Gb SP aa gett! all Gall ols lina -¥ SWS y aida shoal UGee OVaes Gad ER eis ae Ge LF (Average of Annue! Daily Consumption pared qx! daneaee pple aecat WIS A (nell Za ad 2 LNT ie elt it hh eal! pall SP be pee ey +Q,, (Average Flow ) jesthi Gpnat! \-¥ CNN iy Seah ce eel peel Dee dee nin Cees Beds DIG TU gpa Qt ahi Lin ON UAT got Shy Gait Jee : a ae Qa sewerage) = (0-8 - 0.9) Qy, , consumptionpall 9,61 rr (D.W.F.) (Dry Weather Flow) JUL! Spall ¥-* © Ml pity UN alee Tike! yay ail ASG ge TW Gall oy (Minimum Dry Weather Flow) Gly J pat cgal ¥--¥ Ea aU ope eee UT I ol LUT LT cra, all Lin We Quin pwF = (0.2 pie )Qy {er J a Ge Spat ial : Qain DWE GIVE gH sac: p (o 7 A) dell Gal: Q,, :(Maximum Dry Weather Flow) : Sle Gpai pail t-Y-1 at ge Geary inal sagt Gd Cudny Bap Hele Spat ake Gllayy ae Qin owe = (1+ Td Qy wy Qrin D.w.F = eats Sle pat Gal Me G5 ty Lee od day HL) SSI, ANN. VO. NE) OWL UALS Ge Gerural a,SJi rr she <1 quar Soaw 6 2 Oma action? SI mm (orp day, tagh ths Cb) LRspall 3,83! Yt : (Wet Weather Flow) jball Gall Ses a Gell SY OE, LALO GL ye GLI Spall yay © ll enisy Ube ole Gl Glia : (Minimum Wet Weather Flow) ,b¢ Gai jal \-¥-¥ Me alee ILLS YY NT DE yay Sle pat sal pare one, : (Maximum Wet Weather Flow) bf Gpat pati ¥-1-¥ Mee ole LEY OI etl DG Ga ile Get atl pen mes nM) Qmnax WWF = Qmax we * Qain * + (Industrial Flow) elwell Gpat!l & gol Lead, pelea Gaol) day tibet 5 Seles detl ayes UE + Bade ly ler lle dy pall / SW EMA. 6) oy He eleall DY te Janes Gib Jota ial pce Ippo Olebwe CALS 13! Li «dal eyed! fyb opal! ~ be be ssl ED Reed palsies gybeall DL deg ae cal, spall Sail J Vee - £0 py ed ae y-Y¥Yo atl 2,5 (Infiltration) el ola QS -1 te be re Ge RN pele da DG EM tile aS igs Aa oI Le dhey aad HL iste coe peel La any gle WIS Hy ll! co Bab eV Dh pet ol Le lad pubes ZIV Malay (goto! guy bi! QA) Qing = @ d be oe (RELI ad) pet bas oe ab se Ve» DIS pot dl lee See 2 Q (V) diy V+ 0 ow cole Jaber: (>) Sol ds sd We os Ree EN i pece dhied jeer ad 0) dell Gaal ~ VEY Tpgles put thee dpef dag LMU! OLLI sits paces Wolall Geobi Lyne BB gee NL pd 1p AN diese od peel dab oe SVS pl Tp (NO Sl gal pel hb dab oe FN / ype! (Rain Fall) Wael alee dpa -£ > PNB le Abe see Ss wit (ys) ~ Qe KIA ramral! 2,501 rn pall dad od! eat gl Uae ole dee Qh, (Y=9) dy ath oye doje UA ole Gat ole C (eb 7 pee) Ua thee di US: i dal! Upoaiy ol deLl: A CO) Waa dt oles yaili oles (Y-1) Uyue Lage Bye palntlly ea -) Ripe d sab lps Rall a -¥ (dyes) See! bLll -¥ Gide) teKel gb Ull £ (digi sololie) Que bn! Gla! -0 (Ti leo) deleal! Gol —% ce Mae bisted pie (1) jes ols bye BUS ge OU SLY pe UL iy = eV Dalal: = + t, (minute: (te) : ee 60%; - aos san pe UAH shan peg) ST pel psn Fpl! Rinobell 5S 5 jt = BA pe del sey An deel ol tae ale) M0 degy bes oes de aes Vyry wet! aS BSN ys dbijey i pall da ot Ua ole oa 5 = Use Mb Zea olan caglbll dat any Jal go Gall > Jy: L wll He GLA AS ober 1,” teat tne dss 10 Jy: L wll He GLA AS ober 1,” teat tne dss 10 Rote. Sy ae + yb! DULY Il ala f her Ue i HLS Roo t... R, = VD/vglews f = 2gDS/V? pasts Males gay + MIS Dalal eee Sul (t3 v =-2\ogps log [k/3.71D + 2510/0 deps | (ee) kee semes typeeleld Sols tag! ylusud! = S Gp) tageelal) gill Ji = Dspall 2S! Te Zp MAY, ssaledy See VI A SUA) He 8 (4) sm yong gla pte = Ks fp se ty Rall dalae = 0 Jaler le GF gl Sele Jelly BDL del Lees he ps + PM gated oy JS Dales Lela gee aeglly OLN Ugicey Sem coe Geet pet) Li Ualall ode clase! justs - 5 Gp ghe) J BL Dalal! Jo Jaent colincs plabae! Jiaigd Glam Dalal Jo dmal LB) -* Regt SH aadaadl peel pI OK) pd cnead (X=) yal paces + gel le ew BA ile ys ae dey falas (0) pad Cpe (TV) yal pie 7 veal G pall sf ole Lye didn!“Vv call oes Hilal GLU Shad tk Ko ae mall 2,8 Fuel De (4) OK) pa Lae ele aul Geel ee (PVC) day -¥ al how LE ely Vt Ailey JeSy ely Che LE ele TT as cle ghee el 7 ole Wy tis -£ dale ula -0 mls Be vt iV AM ool oe ales ie Ol peel ye VY papi opt Diels yim 1) peels THY eer -A I oe bis ee SIS ele Ope pind pe Tells Byler rid ae ge TA Bee AE, adh ey beige oh yes 8 (abd | te Set iseral a8! tA Babar 51D] obeys aie (V) dey falas pad (F1) Sstee Tesi foley Al e,2 osu. t (Lal tapalld Spel sY! oY tf - £ CTW Typed! ght 85 Ligne Ipolyy dine ol sil ide datas oiakan ney v=crRis5 nd O76 MLD te tiie t= V (p) ailieas Jodi dard! = R Rape! gle Biptd gh Vai yty Ahead LDU tye ele = C debgal! rl, aria, Uslall ib Gein! psd = OB ite gh TN) ae Baa QU laa Seeded Agee WG, Yokel odin jd,£8 spall S01 fa tate nO es 2 SYA ae gett poy Dales JO Sell CHazen Wilhams Formula) pub, gjie dole 00 te Wee he tal pla gd eget OLN eT oe Mata nae nad PRY! od es ale See hyo Keel Cell ge Ga See kes tl Cie + ANC pally a Oe ge A ABST! oo gals Gat pla ble ot Vee ce (9) H=67ELID MOE IC PS yan ee ule he pel Was pS yee (ar) V = 0.355 CD 6? jH/L,j O54 pls oi IRV! le = C ERAT} Spat ope eae wieSal aS i‘ (Cd joldas 5b Dales 5 Steel bales 65 (FY) Spar ced GUL plan aly -F set DLs -£ Ask LL} 0 dnl BL 1 on 2 -Y :gubibu V-1-t 2 LS tel Way EAR ptindy Latte Dales as 2 el eee La melas oe Hy vast -5 roel fai ald Gull gh 0 Tg Ul WSan Yl Joie -T ay puld, ps oth lat! oo ABU ASW Stall OY Las Sar HE KN? gael ee pny Ue ld i) kas UE «elt gd eet og ile al ee el Be oh es aol lee Relay te SIT SG meat ie os = boy rall 153! et le Tales SV ge BEC” WW pLb, il dhol gS Hil, FAPW bapa le OS ple Doluy ply gil Dales oe Gendell gd Ga (er) H= (n?/(0.397)7 } xf LV2/D 43] (48) V=(0.397/n}x |H/L YI Joleen WIS, pi biol any IR eles pal da £-¥ Jyadly + al Uke i ef SES a alas i ESA Jalan oy gad (L=1) Joan costs Haken 5 WKY Lalas afr pais Bineal ye gted ot Pile -¥ dye eb VOY uN G ho Yer ee as i OY Wee ele oF espe eee Jb elesnal SI ay FW FLW Glee od pureed (I Vala - 0 thane 2 EGY Lola Tpuall he a ST OYolall Ah=KV? /2g ae / (7p) Ugly GLU tla all de yedl : V CANS Lp MAND sshenty Spi VI Sey Une: stayed DU de High Jeolee K RSW! FLU Gd sae ovul- 4 1 GRD gb eyele ola Gye V4 aj—— fa (io) Ah=1/2(1-D2/D,?) V7 /2¢ tc (o/p) Galas! aay LAU Alaa de pal V fp) pelbel JF yall Bs D, (p) yoliacY! day yall kos Do,nal SI ay FW FLW Glee od pureed (I Vala - 0 thane 2 EGY Lola Tpuall he a ST OYolall Ah=KV? /2g ae / (7p) Ugly GLU tla all de yedl : V CANS Lp MAND sshenty Spi VI Sey Une: stayed DU de High Jeolee K RSW! FLU Gd sae ovul- 4 1 GRD gb eyele ola Gye V4 aj—— fa (io) Ah=1/2(1-D2/D,?) V7 /2¢ tc (o/p) Galas! aay LAU Alaa de pal V fp) pelbel JF yall Bs D, (p) yoliacY! day yall kos Do,or eral aS 3 BS dae (63 abe gt types BL VV (4) Ah=1/2 V7/2g age (2 /p) typed gf LU dda gal de al: V Was aa ge a Milas Sh Bade S55 oI ge Wel Je 1-5 (Ly) Ah=V?/2z O79) epee bls BLU the all de att: Vwsrabl 380) ot Sasha Stal Ghee 53 BU gS ole ee BL K-14 aie (Ay Ah =0.05 V7/2g r/D > 0.13 3 ae Cp) Ae peed pedepe gt LS SEU lisa bd iad oT (p) BUG Lbs: D (o/p) Bagel ols JSlall Ube gall del: V (igtha Sarl ihe 55 SEU Ss tae hee Rly abe ge el dal 1-5 é w “ @ Lot Ah=K V2/2goo spall 2,531 (od K = 0.5 + 0.3 cos B° + 0.2 cos B” . ae (/p) Taped Sols BLU thelist: V + EM de tape Joe Zasth = B = tl dakcal) Zags S555 abe Gt ele dole 0-0 V earls 1s ; Sob le ee (oy) Ah=1.5 V?7/2g 2D ot Spill ae Sas (Momentum Force) 41 inf 3,5.) NE Gl i eels 5) ee ace LI gle HLA pis nas ad AA BAS (v¥) F., = (wig) Q dv rahe (ons) SANS paid oe BAW, =F (os p) Spo igsUlins = g (tp f pad Pll igo pemtbiny ois We (OT Did ait 5 ie lh § SUR Y= dy iosrp) LN Gpws= Q sical spe AZ N (SM oye GY Gong prea Ps Lal Se gall ay DE gd Ab Gl plu itb gle» Jalaleral a5 w yell Kalevi! baal! is 7 (Interna) Hydrostatic Pressure Force) tbs tet) dadecall oye LW! oped abel 6 5 oye Bd IS gi Ty! c Rapelll gone Zl LI yd fol! wey F=PA al ee (eS) BLY yeu aati = F, Up pS) spent bd Solna dagll dati = P (rp) gl gait A ag sill Ehatl obet goby lands edbdl ig sill V1 (ve) : P= PCA, - Ap) pale lop) LM AB balla gg =: Ce LS) pelt ols So yyy bial P -¢w seal a SI lap) sell gl aitlinlae = Ay (1p) sebeall Ul glall dnlas = Ay AAA Sg me FL=PA ol ee (pad? PUL Lui daca! 3,5 = F, (ip 1 pS) eagelll Joba Kena rtegll Laaal = P (pie AU i phil Jolae = A DS ob gg THYspall a6! mi Rape yee ale bg Se Eran at UF) GAD giull 53 thane wy FL=2 F, sin 6/2 (vy) F,=2P Asin 6/2 role (yn5) SL ASL dedall 35 co AZLI Gl gs =F, (rp pS) ghblall Saslengptegll niall = P (y) pl cai SL (aya) El lech aes = 9 A 4 CUS) gle Gab coe Let bagel Sell MULE Gea oe GUT god Maslin ry dal eo ey oe Ay Tape peer all om al Gab oe sh MLA * golly slat 5 ball pF Leads GIS peeady Eels U palgg shS Yl dake) LM ad pal ge AAU giull ps5 le - Pe Bla ldl stad Se pena’ - Maeall 233} ol b ely2 bags SVZ gh Mole ayy go Aaghilly Frpelll go gSll egF gl zt Lely - BLA dll 5 sud ll = tle Al dyldy Zell lala dashes — Sy Made dng, Y cage Lege! phat ilu Sh sll pepened die cyclen te hay Adah he oa Maer she gd pe al phe Ue Ab ingsaA spall aS! Ge ee path nde hee ame LS tall Jas ag gt gle Spat ag gh wpb yall aes Soe ed dati gic dah Opie Brhanle ddr ile Sab gle Al IAN UE yin atk gl ye LT A Ue s gpeehll iyall pe > Sy a gL FeAl lll a yin Del gle oleill par dat eat ane pele OF : a ll abateSpall 2,5) y. fey ES The gb LN LL ae i poet gel Me BU yates gly Laci Jarl dljs CY) GUS O15 dhe anzy (P) LeSYI bass (D) boy (8) «ban? ISA pegs LS LB AI JS Gat sily (7) BLT BLS, (@) Jeb ie ole Se Jul dal gd ole VF (wy) Ep =2P (aD) sin 0/2 rol dee (enS) gold! gill g3 =F, (sp 1 eS) oll Satin deg! Vl bie = P (BIT wlll b= D Gps) ES ebnitin= 8 phe BY lll slay JS peas Yovy eral a8! WN ieee SO in fee _W, = {hy by (C, +C, 2H, W, = {hy (0, +b,)(C, +C, 2}, : of ae (A eile tell ala = (hy hy by .b,, C,C,) (nS) le dlwLllai= Wy. W, Marl igdl yal, Loja t-7 (te fo) ag LISI USS y (4,3) BLK ls = @ *catheall Ay,alI fad ay Jala K K, = tan ? (45 + 9/2) = (p/h) all basa € e=y(h, +h) )K, / / (pS) ay dado gs F, Fz=0.5e (hy +h,)C, (Stability) 5,0 glglautjs 1-1 : (a) abe dal dye lp Vhdedys 1-0-7 Cp pS) gia gad + ata! ob ll ge = M, Cp pS) led oLtal sins tual ge ELM aL je = MySpall aSIt Fe LY Jol ral Sod (Sliding) GY;¥I iu,. Y-1-" (pnS)_ SISA si — Fr = Foiging (aS) agsall bide gd = FL= Frossive (p28) SKae Wl og 5 = F, freon (end) lp g3 = FL = Fricion + Ppassive F alah gsi Vea we FE? 8 Foiging SF Ved Peal dhl AA bbe V ibs 0-1 Up / p28) Ayal bias e (pS) ysl bio 5 =Fvr spall 2,51 (1-1) gua! dye pajalt dame Jeb, (1 = 1) gUail! Jy pgzall =My M,, = F,D/2 - F..(h,/3) forks Mi, yi tol te (kg/m?) BLN i atl abel = f, (kg/m?) GLbI banal! olgel = f (ip) Ua SI spa pe = I (bop) asl p56 pSTlasie cng pail! gle Sais awl = y peed Vy TLD GS ae comand alge Yl ye CF) An ober ded a7 vi ww eels phaed of Seb oye AK ile Wl eles plairaaely ally Syl! pee Oy WKY Sub oe dual Jl al gd WET Ties i! gH lms Way Mba NI eb oe Ryall gl salad! gill 5 Ji py pelt 5 altrail aS ve = MRTG Al ood Lag lil pM iy pel Ub - + Uestey deals! alae Tole ~ pla Sepb e Tall ge See pabll dab dap) OM ase od oS us 5 he PLN Lela at oF gar gill Gi bY yale ols Las TLS Oli Leas Sty OP) se bizy (D) jet (0) olorsl tna, ee (Ye) Sa BI EUS, (D) lila WKnl desliy CY) Lael gba pS MENS Ta Ole VY (pnd) ESI pill oo gl F P=F,-F, cos 8 {YA} P=F, (1 -cos@) F=P nD°/4 tod ee (nS) BLY ASL baal ge FEVo seratl aSII (tp pn) gloall Salina ptegll baizll = P Cp) ial Jel! bit= D (anya) ES bevl dea = 8 «WIRY abl yp p5 degli DUT poll Up olan T-1-P (va) L=F/((2W,+ Ww, + W,, tan 9} tol tae Cp) gall god dag lil pM ape b= L (oF eS) ape gb oot it JS tape! el al ay = W (bop SprS) tall ais Wy (Loop / pS) Tage yb oye pte JS Type! old Way = W,, vi = ates daly! gle doLas ole PAT bol cam (Ay) A=F/(nf) (ip) dada gle Zale A Tall dl oe pd JS daly! sae = (tp / pad) pabrieall apn Jaitoll algal =f (1) saa glace Sp bl sb 23 Gub oes‘vw aenahi 382) geld! ual! (Bedding) i .U OLLI adie —* Cece ar) ta Ul at i So GT Lapel SLO ell Clee, aint Ute gah ZK ISLS! he os oh gg aleny ele LT Lote Git epee (A Jatt > Jeol ly asi Kyl igs REL Gi My Splat peel gh! pie ine Yi oleae Tigo bl bie ats phe FT Gah igh Rape CIS wipe Lit OS Quad alt Spb! JL, + GUE Sines oi deeb Ai qe petal shel ce AW baby ipl ame he Ilan iy DA Ruly> wey Loading Fac-) Juondl Jute da3 sad pis (Three Edge Bearing Test) alatl TAU el EDD. Sal peed tis easy areal § 0 aehe iit ZU hor BD oe 20 oot a 53 ype cea Le pe oe eV seal gi ip BS ae gle Ae Sindee!’ Se oh ety aietag welded! -i Aiele tails im Dntasd JN GLEE typed Sb as oe Le oy (Orushing streng:b) aamgll jew © Fake ge SS obi pf pa Stagg all oF pb Be oe te ets aFacior of Sateu. GUY bau - = Tippalall GN pal glsraclace oily pemall so Die 5h phy wyeral! a Sul rr ee (Loading Factor) : Jeasall alae . > GW lady dace gb Rypelll le Kees UL pal re Zeeill yo ‘(Safe Loady gol Jat -» Rapalll py dell Colivel pall Lid af glal Jalan ite ponies petesll Jam ” 2 of ag MyLI lig nald Leitz, pots Jam WATE. ToS! Engle GB iayelll gle Hes Jhnt yal am = deanull Jales o : Unga 5 Type de tyes Jen pal Yall gt al ean Jules Teall ae ge Upsetigd ge Bape pea ple Endl Sarl ae dazaes eels owe v! poids - iaAly SEE sell oe Seg day = {Rigid Pipes) 0! sentplt -. 2 TW Jatty peteall Ulin ¥ Ale dnslig gail parol lt — Hyahall GLB jeeel ll - TnL geal - Age File Tbe LI peltve eral! 9S! eee epee ell - gabe d al eel - LLG GI pelyll ye deel vin, ¢ (Flexible Pipes) UA! pelsf! - Ugeaslite Gab cyt Ulan! ode tape! Jamats . geld! Jatt tb od pls GTM Jaks Ae SI dig Typ ethl ile a coe i hE Ryall Jad oy ol! GLE (GRP) gle HLL ght! eels eel (UPVC & PVC) hase AN LK ell panel g — she pele ~ (Semi Rigid Pipes) aplall apo jell - Dylans Hyped! Und 65 Relea! jemel ll glee Whar tlt smell Gay ~ thy Te SIN UaBY) ob UA jane gd (Ductile Cast Iron) gt ppl seals ~ PM Jae cae Tagekell lel pemaerly — (Ys) Rael gb Eapelll Agi die At -' fess) Bip art Sp dl he com ge alll pgs sod + (4) aw) atl dhe aa aio Taye gle Aye BI Je! oleae =F ((0) aa abenel ox aecbal oe ily Send olen olan pay dabadl jolgald Seely -£ CON) ae UN) ad ye eel el JS AGG wage ladle LW JSS GLb! pty GA peeled Hl -0 CY) ay) gene pall ce Zesrabi 350! he $e N apple); gt lal ais OY & (Trench: ; gas -i PES canine Aly tell nny iy gly Renal gi dich gal! ny Te am pai pad pcyy UME 8 Rene i ee eel de Gee Gul! 2 SPM OU el Gut dae, crag) Rega! aati pee he depo Bek is pall -u (Embankment) wee gus J Sgt UR! cae pee aay Renee oy) cae coment! ieee io gel ei die 2 = y Roel MT pba pie pd el oda IE = © pl ay pe te oe bi Sobel INL -P a vo SeeaN asrall oS runnels) Gly! Lyd, sel * Lapel le dyes! Ulead! wine £ aeall ais 2 TZU Sle! \-t Gehl Me Viet Rseelll 65 eee haath! heb Cans s (Rigid Pipe) mali pele -/ tay) W=C wB? vier ss Malas pala {Flexible Pipe) dM all te - ay W=C w BB, :aN asrall oS runnels) Gly! Lyd, sel * Lapel le dyes! Ulead! wine £ aeall ais 2 TZU Sle! \-t Gehl Me Viet Rseelll 65 eee haath! heb Cans s (Rigid Pipe) mali pele -/ tay) W=C wB? vier ss Malas pala {Flexible Pipe) dM all te - ay W=C w BB, :eral aSI ay a ee (en / pSV angel ge Jat: W Fe L pad) pall oe pont ites ais w Cp) Rape pple! pla aie Gad oe: B Cp) erp gett itl: B_ fobing at yet) gist blu: C 2 ATV Dalal ce Cr cenoery C= {lee 2k (8B) 117 K wy Vet] - wp 1 - sing | rae a Vere] + p 1 + sing al el bial etl dada 25 hy SH1) Joles + peal doll toll SKY Jobe: polis Jel Sal dyyl5 = = 6 EF K GAKl ilyey pal tale cy Sar) falar : GAB ily pa JT Tale gy Kae ashy: C9) gal ele ay Ball eh eal I ga pall gees HL (VOD Fy ileal JR ope Fptlee «Co Sad lim Seyar spall 9,8 B= for sondand grvet bors C= for saturated top sou Osfor clay E-=for saturoted cloy 0.10 01S 020028030 040 0500607080310 = 15 Values coethcrent C noe acs ole SR 1 Bpsrall 35d) AL 3h pee ah Ronchi a2 phe Qe de pipe Tyeke le pod) Ue fo 1-4 + ee Gas on A pte pe oe gel BLU sgl ad = (Positive Projecting Conduits» 5 ally aad jell IL gy yegle Vales Gober iAoy WaC.wB_ (hoop 1 mS) capelll gle dat: W (8p L peS) dell oe py Bay ay 2 Cp) Rryelll geyttl bats B (Aas bd) 55M Soler s C, (ed pal cam pers LN ce olall ed ge po Wee: H (PHN) buen: : p blind : Tey Tog Med pat Se \-£ Jutl ony We cad ging Cn gk samy Too i, RS gy(\-0) dja Setiiement Kae | Type of Condiut Soil Conditions Rigid Rock or unyeilding founda i Rigid Ordinary foundation wU5 fe e0K | Rigid Yeilding foundation Oto 40.5 | Rigid Negative projecting installations oate-os | Flexible Poorly-compacted side fills ~O.4t00 Flexible Well-compacted side fills 0 | CAN tye coe JIT ad gale mee Barebeld geal! etd! BE ( Negative Projecting Conduits ) + dpsed! ibe sail glad! jell lle Gp uptesle Walee Sabo (ay) W=C, wB?. C. be Sled) (tet) piea esrall aS (os gL paS) agpelll ge Jad : (tp 7 pS) auld ge py tans dais + 2G) Gables: Cp) pal chews ora Tape ggglal pe Moe past Gee = (olny OD gael) bled : P'= (/B) (obey Bad)” asl Jolaes C, (9) DILL ade 5 bogs beget deat Tay Wes deed ging eC» dngd aang (HL) 0 JST ey : + Ale Tyne aS oe A came aya ads coe APL Typo le DLW cole J eal Jd eee hy DU ee De nas Gee Gut | a DU ne Gade 8 Bylo dyes tEl Delite ale DU pall he hapelll de Zee Hl Slee hem nen BU = TAM lgbat ages alls cys shelly Tg> B, B,, H ped yad -' HB, Pp pd yunt-¥ ByB, agi gxtted = 3, JEL ge -P By hep B, tbat -b oly WN gts See Guhl 3 B By’ Salle wiv -o eer Dl gs arse GablaSa B, By : mwe €Fviral! aS AA 2 8 T e 3 4 3 , 2 zlg 5! ° Z| 10 Ss 9 Sia 2 Sor e 5 « 3 2 i) o oll?2s ss ¢7e0 123 4 5 67 @ Coefficient Cn Cre eects GLANS (Te ea Ke Tench es ete ad Tp! pola LU ( H/B,) Tener) yes Vl crpaute cy SIF caput ogi Typurlall ye ghall pact Ile ( H/B y/\ Uy VAT TT WAT TTT | ee ae oeslea | | ] LL VE | Ratio— 7 Be Be ea an Nee (Lyewrall aS) 4. a wi pb ym glinad. sf GUI fae De iL tae Hott Oe Gaal! Cals Ue gb Wig SUV Aidt De 5 My ll ade S55 + taped) peed June wey GiozKll pawe eyo (ae VY-4) + Sally ela paclall alle 5 ciptale Dolan jects a W=C,B..(wB,-2C) (he pF prS) esl ode atl: W pL gS) sell om pam ns ais (p) (GUY De i) gall LA eal: B, B.=B, G) (obamatll he 5) ga ye lh kul! : BL. ~ (tp 7 oS) AA clades sla : Cc (clams od ae!) igll Soler : Cc, (p) rapeelall pola! pelanall coe oypeull! Gae : H (OE) dy IRE oye Cy Sad tneat try led Way (1-0) aad! i Ud Cy ols Jalal ASL rh pennes : = Mit! aa! a.Cy Ade pled GLU Cat! : (0-2) i eeweal a SI ay —“SN Malad A all LEY Co a lasl! alee 2 (YH d ) Ute (bs/sq.ft.) (kg/cm?) Clay, very soft Clay, medium Clay, hard Sand, loose dry Sand, silty Sand, dense Top soil, saturated ~ ot Me MET DLS oe alll ayplll lt Ube le -0 (Concentrated Load) fll Jat! \-0 plete id ber cl bell OMe te) i | --—- L (Boussinesq's Formula) tharense Daler jolts (AA) W=C, (PF)/Lweal a SI ay —“SN Malad A all LEY Co a lasl! alee 2 (YH d ) Ute (bs/sq.ft.) (kg/cm?) Clay, very soft Clay, medium Clay, hard Sand, loose dry Sand, silty Sand, dense Top soil, saturated ~ ot Me MET DLS oe alll ayplll lt Ube le -0 (Concentrated Load) fll Jat! \-0 plete id ber cl bell OMe te) i | --—- L (Boussinesq's Formula) tharense Daler jolts (AA) W=C, (PF)/Lar seal! 480! (ep / pS) tape de Jatt W (pnd) SAI Jats P wuall Jule: F oil Jalan: Cy Cp) Raed as panes ogy typrlald cg ghall muel Ml oye trguilll Gee 2 folder al peel) (cplony A) cue) Col type Jia Jd: L Cp) Ne AST Lb OS rela ae NL) ta ip) aN ge Bil yb bi el pa Se ay apa) gba! JpbI =(L) tags des, (Y¥=0) dyadl oe «Cyn ded sat, P sadl He ide iy (V=6) Spake S85 pall Jalal soe jcdl) ll, «adel (Distributed Load) acj ll iueYI t-0 LAN Doll jai (As Sof oS Yast and We ae hatte eget etl p Le fecslams al pel! pee!) leeeinai 351 A Cp) caplet bill: BB. (olans al gee!) Sigll Jala: Cy Cp) eiall batt ke Jie pill dL aad DM (4-£) doable Cy ing sad, (F) pall Jolas (P-£) Jyae : Traffic Type i Highway Railway Airfields Runways Taxiways, aprons, hard stands (ot Ce Meigs dled Wheel pigs atl SI bb oF Il Ue ha, PL SG SIR Db i PW Lb ols ble te bill ay aie 2 Sd 5s ot (dee ae | pS TD Se W, eapelll God aul a5y ge aU SLAY Glee Gb elanl aes Heda peel sll G1 rend) pg) sheshl Lis GM Jct Le ills 541 Gury Se! sly (Rigid Pipes Bedding) sual! jeulpald papell! 1 ole Rad gle Gi Slee tad JI peelpnl pelt pel et «deat Gakl Ue: =" 5 ll pelts ile e ale sf Asha d taley ye Uke yay (i) aes (Concrete Cradle) wu wi, -* (2 hed clays tusks HLa es valeny pba Vy Y= abl falar le gedeinai 351 A Cp) caplet bill: BB. (olans al gee!) Sigll Jala: Cy Cp) eiall batt ke Jie pill dL aad DM (4-£) doable Cy ing sad, (F) pall Jolas (P-£) Jyae : Traffic Type i Highway Railway Airfields Runways Taxiways, aprons, hard stands (ot Ce Meigs dled Wheel pigs atl SI bb oF Il Ue ha, PL SG SIR Db i PW Lb ols ble te bill ay aie 2 Sd 5s ot (dee ae | pS TD Se W, eapelll God aul a5y ge aU SLAY Glee Gb elanl aes Heda peel sll G1 rend) pg) sheshl Lis GM Jct Le ills 541 Gury Se! sly (Rigid Pipes Bedding) sual! jeulpald papell! 1 ole Rad gle Gi Slee tad JI peelpnl pelt pel et «deat Gakl Ue: =" 5 ll pelts ile e ale sf Asha d taley ye Uke yay (i) aes (Concrete Cradle) wu wi, -* (2 hed clays tusks HLa es valeny pba Vy Y= abl falar le gednail a,SdI No (Co) ish Jala pad (4-1) phy Spee M?2H or L2H * : 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 2.0 0.079 0.080 0.097 0.103 0.108 0.117 O12) 0.124 0.128 0.155 0.174 0.180 0.202. 0.211 0.229 0.238 -0.244 0.248 0.224 0.252 0.274 0.292 0.306 0.333 0.345 0.355 0.360 0.284 0.320 0.349 0.373 0.391 0.425 0.440 0.454 0.460 0.336 0.379 0.414 0.441 0.463 0.505 0.525 0.540 0.548 0.379 0.428 0.467 0.499 0.524 0.572 0.596 0.613 0.624 0.414 0.467: 0.511 0.546 0.584 0.628 0.650. 0.674 0.688 0.441 0.499 0.546 0.584 0.615 0.674 0.703 0.725 0.740 0.463 0.524 0.574 0.615 0.647 0.711 0.742 0.766 0784 0.481 0.544 0.597 0.639 0.673 0.740 0.774 0.800 0.816 0.505 0.572 0.628 0.674 0.711 0.783 0.820 0.849 0.868 0.525 0.596 0.650 0.703 0.742 0.820 0.861 0.894 0.916 0.540 0.613 0.674 0.725 0.766 0. 0.849 0.894 0.930 0.956 * Influence coefficients for solution of Holl's and Newmark’s integration of thé Boussinesq equation for vertical stress.tonal! 4531 “ PAD dae lang dyale Zola Haley pt TOA = atl Jala De Gi ee agSF Eenty Une Lila e tales padi Pot = abl Join Ue Gi BU Blakes ge Zot Bc+0.20 1 ¥q Be min. (Concrete Arch) piled ale -1 Halal La ye le piace YAS atl oles UL 5 BST Ceclet pee Aenleal! GLI gue ie adie ote dal doles Lie 5 la inline Zeb ed OSS gerlnd Qe Anal! Wd pe ie pace tah = ad! Joles Ue op : pMDI dole ope Zoe gd heen Be+0.20 i Be min tects min. Oeilay eral aS! / ee) arya AN = Jal fale Din 5 ie yall oie jub7, 2 One ol patty Ba nee pe py or gallo JSS le Gal GU LSS ts andy = JAY pt : 2 glad eaJle ping go LS 3a at Lge chpmte eydee OIL, cpe diab gle eewitll pe aaiy : lil ppl Lage Tyne ea sepsisvel! 9801 4A Ce) ays Nj0 = Jatt ol UL oh Rept ode Galas Ponts ll nis, pall age pats ots JSS le Gat! ELS ae ad LSI gt Spl Ua edes dom Eat Gl ASN ge Hiab ge peels ody ut ll + heal nid poy Wes eh ete ee dat 15 “be Bc/8,.10 mint {BeAamin f Yes “ee bp VE“4 tral aS (3) amy NaN = abl Jales Wie 5 ip all oda Gut Bepalen goteabl Gab pT gle Tipe airs ee ees Aeeel alae gle Lepings Typele le pall Ue gd eeelll 2 1-5 ( Embankment) spall seslyall aUSy cine Guid ol Lapel POL OU ua, HA lane eatin cot hel Fyglald ool dal! : Gg VI ULI (Positive Projecting Conduits) dell dates rapelal) Geel! dys gle WLI ade ei dal olan dune Ag he pak 5p gpl Eyl Kelas ospelll le LL Lye atl Jalan olead SV Malet eats (4.) L,=A KN- xq) s (lay oD peal wet! Jalan: Ly (Ady Domd) iyyelll abate JS Jol: A Cortes Deed) gael eae Jala 2 NDwgpall aSll Nee (oobterg a) geet) aa pill betal Updo 25 gill dol gle dca Jalae = x Aerbdeny yd case) acl AS pel IH ad ol dl JS gill acl ne Lgl q AF i MDE SF (VETS) oS «An folly (0-2) Utd ope glans (N) mend Jala dad, NS ale Jalen pe (0-8) oy dpa Class of Bedding Value of N Pipe Shape : Circular A (reinforced cradle) 0.421 to 0.505 A (unreinforced cradle) 0.505 to 0.636 0.707 0.840 1.310 (0) dyad! ot gpa (X) Jalal daily X od (0) Uyde Value _of x Class A Bedding Other than Class A Bedding]yet spall aS —_—_——__-. Sere tibet pelt obs pag WL byes Rati bots fete Apleay Cs. an ae nny (9 amy?seal ait 2 AGI Dalal! yo eC] dad end =MK ,H m ay = {a+ } ay arc eal) SW PADI abl Jig) AS SEL datcall Gy deal: Bi GM pile bhai all LLU Jol phlegm Cp) Byelel etb! bl: By Cp) gral Ryall pe pars Tel gala peal oe Feel Gee VL Si NT Bs el J etal lf SUL beaa ll i K foun y a ae) ais! ola CL (YL) 5s JRA oye ness Beall plas pte ps og slants af coe Ja Fayre ap ghall baal: RAT WU! conmebat be al US, GALT Te 5 LS LL oles lee iy DULI ade i - Rial! (Flexible Pipes Bedding) i! jmslpU pL Y AIBA ball pace Reglle gye gas Hey th ULA SUF jeelyll Lele ge Welle Spy Lapel pase Chagoo QSL (Passive) Gebel! Syl baie tajtie Sab gb slept cepany Cla Vl ye OU type slal oSuy yall lt CF ipl Cla yoleae shaell ob logy will pealyll qqana aad JIL, Gee oye / 0 gylny GLAS jlade Lael 5 doje). te WI Jel ol e Rygeelal!seal ait 2 AGI Dalal! yo eC] dad end =MK ,H m ay = {a+ } ay arc eal) SW PADI abl Jig) AS SEL datcall Gy deal: Bi GM pile bhai all LLU Jol phlegm Cp) Byelel etb! bl: By Cp) gral Ryall pe pars Tel gala peal oe Feel Gee VL Si NT Bs el J etal lf SUL beaa ll i K foun y a ae) ais! ola CL (YL) 5s JRA oye ness Beall plas pte ps og slants af coe Ja Fayre ap ghall baal: RAT WU! conmebat be al US, GALT Te 5 LS LL oles lee iy DULI ade i - Rial! (Flexible Pipes Bedding) i! jmslpU pL Y AIBA ball pace Reglle gye gas Hey th ULA SUF jeelyll Lele ge Welle Spy Lapel pase Chagoo QSL (Passive) Gebel! Syl baie tajtie Sab gb slept cepany Cla Vl ye OU type slal oSuy yall lt CF ipl Cla yoleae shaell ob logy will pealyll qqana aad JIL, Gee oye / 0 gylny GLAS jlade Lael 5 doje). te WI Jel ol e Rygeelal!vy wrell oS = eM ais ntl Cd Cl ole dnb paar RGN Dalall, ax=i_, KW. * B1+0.061 Er ewe Cp) type pl LBL, LN clas vl : AX (Oley ad) piasYI oles Ds (olny at ed) eee K (oF eS) Raye he eed J! gills W, Ce) deel jb ad sor (To nS) typelll peed Ball Jolee s E Cp 7p) Rypelll abet UpbIt tag GLU ype pjes I (E=er) (s/s) al dai ay ole: E (1 "p / pS) (PASSIVE) plall egal Lnslie Jala: € Mend sie Sypelll gh psell CUA ste ge nny (D, V clasYt dolar - - (N50. NNO) asad dogs tee Boj Lat! (¥~0) Syakly oil « nll iy can! Seyill le ie (K) Ll eat - = pl ode hans 5 (€) (Passive) ayali daylis Jolas dad - Fagelll a dy Ladin (ED) agyall ad 25 Jales ad gf Cae aU oles tego ae aye Es) IS debs all p 9 cul CLA pelll ading (ED ead clerceel 3 jeuelyl ge ogre one gle cyte! gy web Tate sake 5 Whe gh Wig “pee / pS OV. pie ee / WV owGrell St Shy SamghG GBI OVE dss da yd eadY Spade Hylall paS ye U5 US pee esiel gy cgleall GURY! oe (EN) Lad wat ates ee Jpn A 1) (PS) (Pice Stiffness) tyyulll be Le Sa ent pty Cam Cj lech! crm Wt pes PS =F / Ay 5 age Se me SU BE ope / 0 gsi (AY) Clad Syd awe Jats F ksh! Lalas 2 SSAA Ge ney (Stiffness Factor) eat! felee © El EI = 0.149 13 (PS) deed JbgT Sich oye! ate Ue hy. Lyell Spell lied pall Ub ws, De BIN Jee hess peel tl dye ey Delt! clined ll gn (PSY Sa emcleell poset gl! PS = 0.63 kg / cm? CB peeell ea ea VO) iy yar Bedding Angle (des! Bedding Angle (deg) | < 60 0.102 © O11 90°} 8090 | 30 0.108 120 © 0.090 | . : | 45 0.105 180 : 0,082 | ' Apthly deel! 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GE TL GL ZT os oS hy » Ride ob Duds ds USI 5 pl thi jb], Lobes cue ely - 2 Syl LS ne U5 ole = iy Rede Clee ab Tse lal tyyulll he al oe ES SF ely «Bit oo ye SY ae » lel Gweolel rr shew 8s ol ew Ah Wj At) ie JU LY 2 Wt VI ane px Jee eigg Ga olelbal ol! (1) Pe Gall wedi God! ipso, i + GEL 6 Lt AIL ol Gil aU asd All ple Lidl, WLW dot BLS! oy jit! Joel - ABN Rapes oe pe Ve sleds $51 LENG 3S ab idee Cab liapele i pity Sate I a5 ES oS pe - A Hie seb SS ab de ey Cte digg SI oe de Ile ole gay ~ eUaey aN wid ye olnan) espe ol dhe Set ole OLE IU gle Sy GARY SU hed pel glee oll alee pete Sy Cea (Ceres bell 34 Bp pod arg ol le cris ob SF se yelp ol ey 2 Ball Gali rr Ae eS nM die jie apes GH oe Lis 5 al IS Geely ol cee - Rt OL M lib eo HOLLY Lee! LAY wad wo pladaenly dodadly So GD yo aot! Lailyey io! OB, att dlch ar - vagal otal”rrr weal! aS 2B SU) past gle ate Spend Lal types le eee SF oe - + ey phase aS 5 sh deylbl appeal oid slice jbiy prgily phate pine SF pe «AES Obey Wb Wd, LSI Jaw Sele Gai pe Ve ge JEY ULL Gil Yow Jalil Gye Lek oS pt — = etl otal teen Jada pete Vib LUI bed! Jae tele pr og aa) Roll il dd no WS aol - + ail Olepe,l! gil lel Aygo ad ay olell aio ol tt Gaal he dang? Bele SF pe - + Gelaald oll doo ne eaery gral! 25! (N) 65 Jles HLL BU erly LL Sate! peas Gad ole ciplhe + ILI Washaas iar dal I! 355 pay bly i 0. she, Helio hated eyilh g 50 ob pSall gs Ge P Wylae aaj eles Lt! peatiy oll! GI! sue pln : xf Hdassd ge Rall gh cage Jaded GF III sae Ld Eeaigll Dota poh Lelioy il =r Sebel gb QW) ode yal = (Y) InP, = InP) + Ky (Ig -t) ) In P, = In (500,000) + 30 x 2.7/100 7. Py = 1,123,954 ~. Py, = 1,124,000 cp tal! dane Jog, VAAN Lay Bad SA Gl! stad wb, LUN sR clsLarl ayes pte DE 5 JT - 1 SI BI! LT Jane Jejes «othe aaa Dede Tg pF tole! dae cre - + Wil : POhly SINGLY LIT 3) eee ty x £00 (4) % increase in consumpuon = {(P, /Py I increase. in cons. = 141124000 /S00000 8 1 Tp x 100 = 10pall 361 YA bshae pry pte We 5-1 {e) % increase in consumption = {{P,, /P,)°!25 - 1) x 100 % increase. in cons. = {(1124000 /500000 )°125 - 1} x 100 2 igWival I oll pel, -¥ Bisby Jad dell Qo ge oY = DM G5 tol dad Gall Gel get =9 (\) % increase. in cons. = { [1+(2.7 /1000 )}>® - 1} x 100 = 8.4 PAL Seo hs dae of 1 A gees JWly ZN tale Jane oS lala SGA yal UL 5-8 ZN + Tob dane g Sy lala HGR WLS pte UE 5-7 PA ral dae 5S deal dV! Dalal aac -7 » Apolo all plaseal Uppal gad Jl, UL iyae Lyall (average CONSUMPLION) cy p0)) PGR daw ge» — AY/Y) 95) dye average consumption at preserit = 300 I/c/d average consumption in future = 300 x 1.084 = 325 Veld Wyler We LEU lpagead! ob paslt : Quy present = (500.000 x 300 Vc/d) / 86400 = 1736 Vs Quy future = (1,124,000 x 325 Ie/d) / 86400 = 4232 Is iv) Ques = Qinar duty + Qire (asl bbs) wev4 ral 25d 2 Getl G pad tne (0-9) 95) Sys oy Qkire = 50 I/s Quax uaily (Present) = 1.6 x 1736 = 2778 I/s. Qumax daily (future) = 1.6 x4232 = 6771 Ws Ques, (present) = 2778 + 50 = 2828 I/s. Qéesy (future) = 6771 + 50 = 6821 I/s. 2 byl DI GF sect LE Gs by ol dey OU or pail Yad te Gale «tll all had ine ell LBL eS cpent) pearly Lak Salarteell pemarll 2 bal, (depoll « Seladeell Ques, = 2828 I/s JU Gall V=1.0m/s 2 he pal yk Q=Ax V =( nD? 4) x 1.0 = 2.828 m/s. -. D = 1900 mm choose D = 1800 mm. OF ai sell Lak Slated Jelly de tl Mead Say dS Daler Ge = GL AN oye HAS I> LU, aD Ug) alge VTL BSL LN esol LI ye peel gl bs 2K came (VV) by yal ge CK, = 0.03 mam Ded 01) 5, Godle Sdlateel! pemnaal laine coe S (hydraulic gradient) = 0.04 % V (velocity) = 1.13 m/s. <1.5m/s (safe)all 253! vy. ~ bial peta Jy dS Wales Geb Ub 5 V =-2 ¥2gDS logl(K /3.71 D) + (2.51 v/DV2gDS)} tN oe (V9) 45s Ipsec v (Kinematic Viscosity) = 1.148 x 10-6 m2/sec = AW opie g=981 m/s? - $=0.001 V =-2f 2x 981 x 1.8 x 0.001 x log {[(0.03 x 10-3 )/ (3.71 x 1.8)] + [(2.51 x 1.148 x 106)/ (1.8 ¥2 x 9.81 x48 x 0.001)]} = 1.84 m/s. £ Pl sab gh LS (SY dad pani pas ALS LS S$ (mm/m) 0.001 0.0007 0.0005 0.0004 Qaes, (future) = 6821 Is. telnal! Sarl! b Seiad gg Ob Ln WY id a VA A pT dee iy Que?= 6821 py = 3410.5 Us = 3.4105 m3/sry werall oS! et V=Q/A = 3.4105 ( xD? /4) = 3.4105 /( mx 1.8? /4) = 1.34 m/s. OW sosiy sel dak Sta ntegll ally depo! need ays IS Wales Sebi DLA ope ills Uy Tb Wy sla GUL TLD peel LN oye seal ll Lam Ky came ill galt (1-7) 5s Usd oye (K, = 0.03 mm wu) (9) hy Sole Soba rteell peal olyinie ge S (hydraulic gradient) = 0.06 % V (velocity) = 1.40 m/s. <15 m/s (safe) # Oeics phate sty Day Ly Ualer Jelat De ogi V=-2V2gDS log{(K /3.71 D) + (2.51 wD¥2gDS)} , — Fl cay (NV) 65, Spe ye ‘v (Kinematic Viscosity) = 1.148 x 10 m2 /sec + AW pa & = 9.81 m/s? S=0.001 iV =-2V2x 981 x 1.8 x 0.001 x Jog {{(0.03 x 103 yy 3.71 x 1.8)] + (2.51 x 1.148 x 106)/ (1.84 2x 981 x 1.8 x 0.001))) (S) LS seed pips ZI Ss FMI Spably ob LSpall 2S! ver a6Sy Op ATA slates GIL Spall Jane gt Ao bb é diy pai J lye pb be Lee gb Zot Seated JL o/p UT de wl Rep ypSty G/T TEV L eghaiey Sede! QF Gail Jard po \A.- La ¥ Sayre! fall) O/) Vat dolgles gle Wales larrol, peels! dad Kelardedll pemeall -s Lents V =0355C D°® (H/L)°™ V2ilOm/s — : dep yeah Q=Ax V =(D? /4) x 1.0 = 2.828 m/s “. D = 1900 mm choose D = 1800 mm. “ V =1.13 m/s ~ 2 poles gir Daler Geeky Hie EN jelyal C= 145 205 cress (=) By dyad oo V=elLI3 m/s, tepdl opis +. 1.13 = 0.355 x 145 x 1.89 (H/L) 4 - H = 0.04% yp SS Halas Jody te ATW 6 slant oy ~ feel! oS pened! UL 1 igledzedl OLA TL gid pe Vrs shady fT ad diyrrr spall SJ) Ques = 6821 72 = 3.4105 mys. V = Q/A = 3.4105 / ( xD? /4) = 3.4105/ ( 2 x 1.8 7 /4) = 1.34 m/s. £ Joly 25D Usler Gadiy (LAV) iy Asie Lele Al jell C= 145 a3 one V=134 m/s ied pay 1.34 = 0.355 x 145 x 18° (H/L) 4 o H= 0.06% Jay SS Daler Gecby ne BW gly yoy (Y) py Slt» Se rls goal Sartell penal geome pal plan sl Sain} Tc pay ay Led Og JULI Uae Zee pd ue = Athy Keele Mail Sieally ST Of Sal gay, - di Pe Uaylae (9) 5, Jlatt go Quy. cons, (present) = 1736.1/s. Quay. cons (future) = 4232 Is. Quy, sewage (Present) = 0.8 x Quy cons , =0.8 x 1736 = 1389 Hs.rrr spall SJ) Ques = 6821 72 = 3.4105 mys. V = Q/A = 3.4105 / ( xD? /4) = 3.4105/ ( 2 x 1.8 7 /4) = 1.34 m/s. £ Joly 25D Usler Gadiy (LAV) iy Asie Lele Al jell C= 145 a3 one V=134 m/s ied pay 1.34 = 0.355 x 145 x 18° (H/L) 4 o H= 0.06% Jay SS Daler Gecby ne BW gly yoy (Y) py Slt» Se rls goal Sartell penal geome pal plan sl Sain} Tc pay ay Led Og JULI Uae Zee pd ue = Athy Keele Mail Sieally ST Of Sal gay, - di Pe Uaylae (9) 5, Jlatt go Quy. cons, (present) = 1736.1/s. Quay. cons (future) = 4232 Is. Quy, sewage (Present) = 0.8 x Quy cons , =0.8 x 1736 = 1389 Hs.eral 68 re oe min, pwr (present) = 0.2 x (500)/'x 1389 = 783 Us. Qmax. Dw. (Present) = (1 + 14 (449500 )) x 1389 = 2127 Ys. Onin. pw, (future) = 0.2 x (1124) 3386 = 2184 Vs. Qmax. pws, future) = {1+ 14 (44/1124 )} x 3386 = 4649 Is. thant penlye ee pene t pea OIL OW Jey Nps deny tM ole ZeaS shyt gb Sige Ys atl pene 2 wil ULI «lige thee Ue dese Sys fp GU Daal Ue) thei! oll Tape! Ab ol Ged © AMD = YB 2 Qe /Qias = 0-8 Selarted! penal ince Gell eb poll de ply Spall ince) ©. yun = 1.25 x 4649 = 5811.25 Vs 1 Anbar BLS Baye K, = 0.06 mm ('-¥) Yale o QaAxV, VelSms. vx 5811.25 = ( iD? /4) x 1.5 (m/s) D = 2500 mm : ele K, = 0.06 mm (Y=) Gy doar oeY¥o . cera SU 2p gta S$ = 0.35 m/100m = 3.5m/1000m Be hall yok peel pal de pally Spal) gre Vp =12Qm/s , VNWe=1.12 » V=12x 1.12= 1.344 m/s < 1.5m/s. pe Fogle Fyyullly dep: Vy - : Agi) UuI toray SU Spall UE) pt le eS lee by Stl ee "pets ole (Qint ~ (Qing ) eed ole den Glee Qint ay = 95 ( m? /day / tkm of pipe line) x 5 km "= 475 m /day = 5.5 Vs Qing (2) = 0.46 (m3 /day /1 cm of diam. / 1km of pipe line ) x 5 km = 0.46 x 250 x 1x 5=6.7 Ils Qin = 6.7 Vs - + LW SY daze = INS pas be Lal pened Ques = Qmax. v.w.F + Qint = 4649 + 6.6 = 4654.6 I/s AW ele gl Gk Gai Gall Na aS he Lit panes 6 Me eyed A gl 9 Op IN ge ie pl JOY oh -Tseal Sl yyn - : Wa DEI UU sin GF Gal gees WY ole Las hae gS By bil aes . shall pall Ques = Qnas OWE + ine S49 SP Qrain G8! Seeailt sl — Ube ole Saf oe Quin = CIA tp =LK60V;) +h = (5000 m /0.75 m/s ) + 180 sec = 114 minute i = 1000/(114 + 20) = 7.46 mm/hour Qrin = 0.8 x 7.46 mm/hour x 200,000 m? = 332 I/s ANual al wis (YN) phy ate oe c=08 DaySll oLdl g Sad. ae fale Gul Uae «pO lal be Jb » gayall i dsb sl Area served = 5000 x 40 = 200,000 m® Ques = Qmax. ow F. + Qint + Qrain = 4649 + 6.7 + 332 = 4987.7 I/s Hs debe gb LH peas Qiu = S811 Hs Ques = 4987.7 Usyey eral 3S S = 0.0035 m/m D = 2500 mm (¥ by Sole) Sapteg!) penal oliete oe * K,=0.06mm Veon = 1.2 m/s Ques /Qru = 4987.7/5811 = 0.86 V/Ve= 1.15 V =1.15 x 1.2 = 1.38 m/s: < 1.5 m/s (safe) tial! WEE Ge Gai Yate Ques = Qin. D.W.F. “= 783 I/s Qnin. p.wr/Q fun = 783 / 5811 = 0.135 CY py Ge) Ll ad sepa Gpally Le pall gine V/Ven = 0.70, Veu = 1.2 m/s V=0.7x1.2 = 0.84 m/s > 0.6 m/s (safe) MSs Teall eI gis pe TO. eb indeed pele Li ple ar NO Soe bt Ss UI oleseal aS! vA ¥ Jl oS. (8) Blot des p83 TL DAA pematy dela cy plall Sats Soe V0 all gb shat) dating pe VO. la ab alee bd le elt US Uaeall dy all Gols Gol lew ge se V0 Lt ayes Te 7 ob\ A = (Y) BLS Abe ole oa Vy Fe = (Q) RL! IYI 2,1; (Fy) gall pd wlan -1 P=15b=15 tim? (Jotul tedall D = 0.25 m (iol bl! 6 = 90° F, = 2P ( xD? /4) sin (6/2) =2x 15x (nx (0.25)? /4} sin (90/2) = 1.04 ton Ups Sl USI aad pyeaad — 1vra spall oS K, = tan(45 + 6/2) = tan?(45 + 30/2) = 3.0 e= yk, h €, = 1.8 x3 x 1.275 = 6.885 vm? ©, = 1.8 x3 x 1.625 = 8.79 vim? 2) = 18x 3x 1.975 = 10.665 t/m? (F) i! bas F, = 6.885 x 0.7 x 0.7 = 3.37 ton F, = (1/2) x (10.665 - 6.885) x 0.7 x 0.7 = 0.926 ton + Aled! US gist Lbs -£ N, = (0.42 x 0.7/2) x 0.45 x 0.7 x (2.4 im) = 0.42 tonwall a1 ve. N,= {(0.42 + 0.2) / 2} x 0.35 x 0.35 x (2.4 tfm3 = 0.09 ton S, = (0.45/3) x {0.7 + (2x 0.42)}/(0.7 + 0.42) = 0.206 m Sy = (0.35/3) x {0.42 + (2x 0.2)}(0.42 + 0.2) + 0.45 = 0.60 m (a) Ub anal dye ghrYl Lejos -° (My) abst pie M,, =F,x1 a = 1.04 x 0.475 = 0.49 mt. (My) oly My = N,S,+N,S) + Fh + Fab = 0.42 x 0.206 + 0.09 x 0.60 + 3.37 x (0.7 12) + 0.926 x (0.7 /3) =15 mt ahasall se / obeVtpse = (FS) obi! fale =FS =M,/M,= 15/049 = 3.06 >1 safe SYP Lela -" (Fy) SIs 5 (F,) al bio 3 = 3.37+0.92c 43 ton (F) Ihe 8 F,=(N, +N, )tan@ = (0.42 + 0.09) tan 30: = 0.294 tonver wsralt a6 F, SV 55 + Fy tall bade 55 = Fy ole ss Fi=Fo+ F, = 4.3 + 0.294 = 4.594 ton SYR gad J alg 65 = GLY oe FS =F, / Fy = 4.594 / 1.04 =4.417> 1 safe Tele kU Uelul olatge¥! Lhe -¥ L- 1 gas dye (M) pj dane M = 1.04 x 0.25/2 - {(e, x 0.35 x 0.70) x 0.35/2 + 1/2x(e,> -e,)x 035 x0.7x 0.35/3} M = 1.04 x 0.25/2 - ((6.885 x 0.35 x 0.70) x 0.35/2 +. 1/2x (8.79 - 6.885) x0.35x0,7x0.35/3} = 0.19 m.t. FoF GLb gabled F.=F.=M.Y/1 : . = ((0.19 x 12)/(0.70 x 0.45°)} x (0.45/2) = 8.042 t/m?gral 250 yer i J. BS GRP oye cc dly i yo ty yell LAY pga JL WI le Whos. GBI Game Gi se VV dee Gat Gi de page pe SV -- Be Adley pal daly dhl! acl ae a> Bayete soba pel dl Gee pe Ye ce al hey Fo Sel dats Te / ob VA Gals O33 ale Uke ge Ay GB ests Fe / ob LY Galss (en OVO NY ail Vey. + abnall (igbe - Syl) SUM! tye! - : YI Ay! 339 oo Sle hae W=CwB? w= 180m? = 1800kg/m* B=16m CH (ee ARH NBII K yy K =(1- sin 30)/( 1 + sin 30) = 0.333 po =tan 30 = 0.577 Cz {bee 2x03 0577 5.0169 902 x 0.333 x 0.577) = 1.82 W = £82 x 1800 x 1.67 = 8382.697 kg / ov cdi Yi ye Jee hae W=C PFB. B=tlomver rat! aS P= 2.20 x 0.2 = 0.44 t/m? = 440.0 kg/m? F=15 (P= £) 65s Syatl oo (£-£) iy dye ces (D) x2 Ay = Gell pe (M) xt Gb db D/2H =8/ (2x5) =0.8 M/2H = 5.0 sa C,= 0.740 W = 0.740 x 440 x 1.50 x 1.10 = §37.24 kg/m LS AI aj) ge dH OL We C.xPxF/L sh =(L) by L=0.90 m F=15 (P= £) 5p dye pe penal Jalas P = 4535.9 kg ; (£-£) p32 date B./2H= 1.1 / (2x5.2) = 0.105 L/ 2H = 0.9 / (2x5.2) = 0.086 C,.= 0.019 W = 0.019 x (4535.9 x 1.5/0.9 = 143.64 kg/m wD ped NAVIN = APAT ASF OFYTV E VEIL = dll te JL Tf peegeal 3SI1 Yee oe ah Rega AS 291 ILS oye gl) UD peel yp LeLt Olio ll go GLadl ol Lvl Dob fa I last hS bem ple Vee bd go Jat bee / pa bee = 2 JN EWLN = heal! Jule YOY = heat old GLE oo (9) LT dys of a2 (0) 65) eal I pe tls (ye Baye} GRP I tale ge Tye 2 WU agall ais ge DLA Gla W=CwBB, w= 1800 kg/m3 B=16m B. = 1.0m Ca{lee2ke WB QZ K Ww)tte eral! S31 K =(1 - sin 30) / (1 + sin 30) = 0.333 we = tan 30 = 0.577 Ce (he @ 2% 0333-40577 (5.01.6 99/2 x 0.333x0.577) = 1.82 W = 1.82 x 1800 x 1.6 x 1.0 = 5241.6 kg/m Shi as ge DLV hae W=C,PFB, B= 10m P =2.20x 0.2 =0.44 t/m? = 440.0 kg /m? F=15 (F-£) 95, Ayah! ge (4-£) 95, yar go (D) = Ay- = bl ee (M) ast Gobi Jb D/2H =8/ (2x5) =08 M / 2H >> 5.0 C,= 0.740 dey W = 0.746 x 440 x ESO0xK 10 = 488.4 kg/ny ESM iy oe See ole We CxPx P/Epall 1,501 en “ha (L) by L=0.90m F=15 (94) 65. Iya ge paral Jules P = 4535.9 kg (£6) pb Dye oe B, / 2H = 1.0 / (2x5.2) = 0.096 L/2H =0.9 / (2x5.2) = 0:086 C, = 0.019 W = 0.019 x (4535.9 x 1.5 )/0.9 = 143.64 kg/m bp LenS OAVILN = OVEN + EASE + VET NE = typ ode LOT! pee AX = De x (K Wer) / (El + 0.61E°t3) De = 1.38 K=O.110 (ie =O ase) (Y-£) 65, dyer We = 5873.16 kg /m tr =05m Py = 0.63 kg / cm? EI = 0.149 x 0.63 x 0.5% = 1.173 kg/cm Bagel be ge ZO sles cast iby AX = 5/100 x 1.0 = 0.05 m 0.05 = 1.38 x (0.110 x 5873.16 x 0.5°3)/ : (1.17 4 0.61 x B x 0.5")rey spall SI B= 292156.6 ke /m? = 29,22 kg / cm? Pade well het Yale pany Ga i tell pany ot AL pd, Jyue Gh ck + Sp hig LA. deYor wall PHOPORTIONAL DISCHARGE 0, 0/0, y—S! 9% 03 8 yo oe oy cw os io we Rove TURBULENCE ‘euooT TMBUL ENCE (Werware at IB shri Corey sn PROPORTIONAL DEPTH 4/0 pacar} — +4 0408 Os ar 08 8810 a PROPORTIONAL VELOCITY vp v/¥q Proportional velocay and discharge in Port. full Circusar sectionsyor ral! oS! Discharge Q (1/s } for pipes flowing full (woor7u) m= qaipes6 ono UPA ameter Dim) 4 Ks = 0.003 mmpall oS Yor Discharge Q (1/s) for pipes flowing full Ks = 0.006 mmwratl 2S You Discharge Q (i/s )for pipes flowing full Matar Be sees BRR % TE = 9 2 y ei él4 9 Velocity V (m/s) Ks=0.0i5mm Hydraulic gradientspall a,SJl Yoo 1 he (woos) Woo nos oyna aranes, WERE. 30.0.0 0, 3 I a a & g 3 $ 2 g 8 (8/1) RON, Ks =0.03mmseal aS vou Discharge Q. {1/s)for pipes Rowing ful 2 4 4p ess 9 8 WEEE : OR ator a et pa . Pekka Tse 2 : : Sy = Q 3 E 5 a Velocity V (m/s ) Seeeeceece HH Hydraulic gradient Ks=006mm> 2 > “WOOI/ un ggg tuerPOs8 om % Vy 23 Bh Discharge Q. (1/s) for pipes flowing full diameter Dim) Ks=0.15mmVelocity V {m/s} aoe 8 Se n ee © on eee Se 58g FS Fsssis s sss gessete Dicmeter Dim) 100% my /AOm) YORwrali Sl Discharge Q (1/s for pipes flowing full ausene BEERS BATE (EER ATR EO Bs > 2 tm/100m) lOOh Lt Hydraulic gradient: Velocty Vim/s) Diorneter Dim) Ks =0.6mmrs. ral! 2SII Discharge @ (1/s) for pipes flowing full wi 1 lOO! wrpo.b onnoupAH Diameter D(m) Ks=1.5mmoaweeny=> - yt! a2 rece APSA Tad alo] alal. 2 THelalafelalelelelstale eat. al aay pep eel let el eye a ele a omy ah Ut 33 a vas L a4 ae 3 poe iv e - : olka MWe fe Foe etter ee etl e U alte Bae dt Nh aie 21 ALY Ube Lev big yah alae ald alte sin el, EB ll NN ag both be 5 ately ‘ -S said uy Pala t