Name: Date: Registration No.

Name : SHER KHAN KAKAR

Submitted To : MAAM RAFIA JABBAR
Class No : 28
Reg No : 17MDSWE0693
Department : CSE 16
Course : Psychology

Assignment No. 3
What types of Efforts must be made by educational institutions to work towards
developing a positive attitude towards work in their students.

Simple Tips and Strategies for Building Positive Learning Environments

The Positive Action strategy we introduced above is one of the few character education
programs recognized by the U.S. Department of Education's What Works
Clearinghouse to produce positive results in students' academic performance and
behavior. But it isn't the only strategy. Below is an additional list of simple strategies and
tips from teachers, educators, and even parents, that have proven useful and effective
for creating a positive, productive learning environment at school and in the classroom.

 Relationships first, school second. Don't jump straight into school work the
first day of school. Break the ice and help get students out of their comfort zone
at the onset by playing some interactive games and holding some team building
exercises. This helps students get to know each other on a personal level, and
experience the "human" side of their teacher.
 Share some stories from the summer. Before you transition into the school
year have the students share some of the fun things, they, or their families did
over the summer. Also, take a moment to share with your students what you did
over the summer. This helps the students get to know each other and their
teacher, and helps you build rapport with your students.
 Get to know each student. At the beginning of the new year, or term, ask
parents to write an "in a million words or less" letter describing their child. Once
you have received letters from all the parents, take some time to read each letter
and learn about the unique character, desires, needs and talents of each child.
Reading these letters at least once, if not regularly, will help you see each child in
a different light.
 Write an introduction letter. Get to know your students and let them get to
know you through introduction letters. Write a letter telling your students about
yourself, your likes, your hobbies, loves and aspirations. For their first
assignment, have students write a letter about themselves for you.
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 Create an Internet Meme. Internet memes are a fun and effective way for
communicating important expectations, rules and concepts with students without
coming off mean or overbearing. They can include media, catch phrases, jokes
and funny images.
 Lean on Your Colleagues. Being a good teacher and creating a positive
learning environment takes a lot of work–so don't go at it alone. Reach out to
other teachers, educators and people who will support you, build you up and who
have been successful at creating positive learning environments.
 Plan for the Future, Live in the Moment. As you work toward creating a
positive learning environment for your students, stay focused on the present.
Creating a positive working environment is a process, it won't happen overnight.
Don't get so caught up with the end goal that you are not able to savor the
moment.
 Get Students Involved in the Process. Creating a positive learning
environment should involve all your students.
 Create a Creative Bookmark. Create a laminated bookmark with your contact
information on it. This is a fun way to invite your students to stay in touch with
you. Include your email address, school web page URL or any other info you
want students to have at their fingertips.
 Create a Classroom Newsletter. Having your class develop a newsletter is a
great way to keep students engaged, entertained and parents involved. But don't
you do it! Have your students do it. Make your newsletter a student driven project
and you'll engender a positive classroom learning environment.
 Connect Using Social Media. Social media can be a great way for teachers to
connect with students–especially given the propensity that kids have these days
to access social media. Take pictures of class projects, awards, activities and
events and post them on Instagram for kids and parents to enjoy. Or maybe you
can set up a class twitter account to keep students and parents up to date on
what's going on in the classroom throughout the year.
 Create a Blog. Create and maintain a classroom blog. This is another great way
to keep students and teachers up to date and involved in what's going on in the
classroom. It's also a great place to post upcoming projects, guidelines, study
guides and resources for students and parents.
 Keep it Green. Use digital technology to decrease reliance on paper products
and to facilitate online communication between teachers and students, and their
parents. Much of what was traditionally communicated using paper can now be
communicated digitally online using Twitter, Facebook, or a class web page.
Going digital saves time, is more effective than paper (which can be lost), foster
a positive learning environment, and protects our world's environment.
 Start with Relationships. As tempting as it is to get a head start on academics,
keep the focus of the first day of school on establishing relationships and building
a sense of community within your classroom. Let each student know that the
most important part of their education is them. Do some team building activities.
Show students that they are valued for their contribution. There will be plenty of
time to focus on academics tomorrow.
 Be Enthusiastic. Be enthusiastic! Smile! Let your students know that you're
excited to be there and that you're excited they're there. Everything you say or do
the first week of school should communicate your enthusiasm for the new school
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year. Your postive attitude and enthusiasm is key to creating, and maintaining, a
positive learning environment in the classroom.
 Stay Optimistic. After the enthusiasm of the first few weeks of school starts to
wear off and you get down to the nitty gritty of dealing with the challenges of
being a teacher, you must stay committed to maintaining a positive attitude and a
high level of optimism throughout the year. Students will pick up on any negativity
or bad moods immediately. Your ability to maintain a positive attitude, and stay
optimistic, is at the core of your ability to establish a positive learning
environment.
 Treat Each Students as If They Were Child. Your Own Are you a parent?
Have you experienced that struggles and fear that your own children have
experienced as they've gone to school each day? Have you ever hoped or
prayed their teacher would be sensitive to their needs and be understanding?
Treat each of your students with the same love, respect and level of attention
that you'd want for your own child. It takes work, but it will bring out the best in
each child and foster a positive learning environment.
 Focus on the Positive. There is something positive to be found in even the
worst student. Each day find something good in each student and point it out to
them. Focusing on the positive in every student will enable you to create and
maintain a truly positive learning environment for your students. And more
importantly, you'll help each student build esteem and self-worth that will last a
life time.
 Establish Positive Parent Relationships. The last thing you want to do is wait
until there is an issue or problem with little Tommy before you attempt to
establish a relationship with his parents. At the beginning of each year, reach out
to the parents of each child in your class in a person way. Introduce yourself, let
them know who you are, that you're excited to start working with their child, and
what your plans are for the year. Building a relationship with parents early on
sets the stage for a positive learning environment with their child the rest of the
year.

Assignment No. 4
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COVID-19 outbreak and its impact on everyone’s psychology and behavior is unimaginable. IoT
can help prevent diseases like COVID-19 by eliminating the need to touch items to operate them
in various scenarios, be it at home, a hotel, and offices. How engineers can help people to reduce
the interaction of human with ‘things’.

ANSWER:

INTRODUCTION:
COVID-19 has made human interaction as dangerous as accidents, heart attacks or any other
fatal disease. The whole world is suffering from pandemic of COVID-19.
The COVID-19 spread can only be reduced by the minimizing the "HUMAN-TO-HUMAN
AND HUMAN-TO-THINGS INTERACTION." Where the doctors are appreciated worldwide
for saving the lives and doing their duties on front line. We engineers can also reduce the
COVID-19 OUTBREAK by Eliminating the cause of it by the help of IoT.
DEFINATION OF IoT:
"A network of Internet connected objects able to collect and exchange data." It is commonly
abbreviated as IoT.
OR
The Internet of things (IoT) is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and
digital machines provided with unique identifiers (UIDs) and the ability to transfer data over a
network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction.

As a engineer we can introduce different devices or technology services to the people so that
they do not become the victim of the deadly virus.
There are following plans to reduce the possibility of human touch:
 We can introduce online paying systems.
 Visual scanning of persons (i.e. if they are coughing or not breathing properly etc.)
entering in a building using IoT.
 Using IoT programs to spread awareness in people
about COVID-19.
 The IoT can assist in the integration of
communications, control, and information processing
across various transportation systems. Application of
the IoT extends to all aspects of transportation
systems (i.e. the vehicle, the infrastructure, and the
driver or user). Dynamic interaction between these
components of a transport system enables inter- and
intra-vehicular communication, smart traffic control,
smart parking, electronic toll collection
systems, logistics and fleet management, vehicle
control, safety, and road assistance.
 IoT devices can be used to enable remote health
monitoring and emergency notification systems. These health monitoring devices can
range from blood pressure and heart rate monitors to advanced devices capable of
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monitoring specialized implants, such as pacemakers, Fit bit electronic wristbands, or

advanced hearing aids.
 IoT devices can be used to monitor and control the mechanical, electrical and electronic
systems used in various types of buildings (e.g., public and private, industrial,
institutions, or residential) in home automation and building automation systems.
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Assignment No. 5
How to measure the job satisfaction in work place. What are different methods to improve the
job satisfaction.

Answer:

How to Measure Job Satisfaction:-

You can’t understand where to improve if you don’t know what areas you’re lacking! Here are
some ways you can measure employee satisfaction:

Have One-on-One Conversations

Imagine you work for an organization with 40 people. It’s unrealistic to expect that you’ll get
one-on-one time with them naturally. So, schedule one-on-one conversations. Many companies
have these types of conversations on a weekly, monthly, or quarterly basis. Be clear about the
goals of these sessions. Ultimately, you want to find out about how satisfied the employee is with
their roles and the company as a whole.

When you enter into one of these conversations, don’t go with an agenda. Come up with a series
of questions to ask the employees, then listen to their answers. Here are some good questions to
ask employees in a one-on-one meeting:

 What are some things you think we’re doing well?

 What aren’t we doing well?
 If you could change one aspect of your job, what would it be?
 What do you wish you were doing more of?
 Do you think the team is successful at working together? Why or why not?
 Do you see yourself here in five years? Why or why not?
Record what they say. You can ask employees to clarify what they mean, but don’t get defensive
if they say something you don’t agree with. 

Conduct Surveys
Sometimes it’s difficult for employees to express themselves to their leader or manager,
especially if they are concerned about how the other party will take it. That’s why surveys,
especially anonymous ones, can be helpful tools. Surveys also help you get quantitative data,
rather than just a bunch of ideas and suggestions.
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For example, if you ask employees if they feel generally satisfied with their job, you’ll get a
percentage who say they are, and a percentage who’ll say they aren’t. These percentages will
help you gage how you’re doing instantly.

Make sure you can make the surveys anonymous, so that employees will be as honest as possible
about their feelings.

Read Between the Lines

Sometimes, the satisfaction of your employees won’t be completely obvious, so it’s your job to
read between the lines. Even if you have the best intentions, one-on-one conversations might go
no where. Employees might be intimidated by your position of leadership.

Do some research and learn about salaries in your area to see if what you’re offering is
competitive. If you’re paying below market rate, your employees know that. They’re probably
not satisfied with their pay, and could be looking for new opportunities, or simply feeling bad.

Talk to friends outside the office and ask them what they’re biggest issues at their jobs are, to see
if you’re having any similar issues at your own offices. Talk to other leaders at your company to
see what they think– are their employees satisfied? What could be done to improve?

How to Improve Job Satisfaction:-

Once you’ve measured the current level of contentment at your company, the real work begins.
You can improve employee satisfaction by trying these tips:

Team Building at Work

You’ve all heard about wild team building exercises—ropes courses, paintball, boating, camping
—whatever they are.  Sounds like a great idea, but if you’re a small business operating on a tight
budget, it’s just not going to happen.

Fortunately, you can see the same benefits with a reasonable price tag by hosting fun events in-
house! Try this epic list of team building games to get your coworkers laughing and working
together.
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Encourage Traditions and Volunteering

You could opt for the familiar Fourth of July barbecue, but why not get a little more creative? 
Enlist your employees to help with local charity events or organizations. Get them involved in
civic events in town, build a relationship with the community through your business and at the
same time you’ll be strengthening your own work “family.”

When people do good for others, they feel good too. And don’t forget – happiness in the
workplace directly impacts business growth.

Feed Them
Everyone loves free food.  Pick a day and make it special.  That’s what Daniel Meltz, marketing
specialist at PCMA does.  “While Friday itself is a morale boost, we crank ours up a little more
with Breakfast Club. Every Friday a different employee brings in breakfast for the staff who
wish to participate. It is delicious and doesn’t cost the company a dime.”

Implement Flex Hours

Meltz also points out that unless your employee really needs to be at work on the dot, say for
customer coverage needs, there’s no reason that you can’t let them tweak their schedule a little
bit.  Rigid work hours are becoming a thing of the past—just make sure your scheduling doesn’t
get too lax.

Host an Annual Awards Ceremony

This isn’t the most budget-friendly of the bunch, but it can be very effective. By treating your
best employees to a yearly bash on the boss’s dime, you’ll encourage good will, inspire
improved performance, and incite in your employees a little competitive rivalry.

Help Fulfill Their Goals

Media mogul, entrepreneur, daredevil, and all-around interesting man Richard Branson says that
once you have a great employee, keeping them can be difficult if your goals don’t mesh well
with theirs.

“Before you make a prospect a job offer, be sure to consider how his plans for his career fit with
your company’s. If there’s a real mismatch, it’s unlikely you’ll be able to work together long.” 
So, whenever you can, help your employees reach their own personal goals within the
framework of your company.
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Let Employees Own Achievements

A sense of achievement can be a real shot in the arm.  Branson also espouses giving your
employees the freedom to really own their job.  “You need to give your people the freedom to
get creative, to come up with their own ideas and run with them. If someone comes to you with
an idea for a business, why not ask that person to launch a startup?”

Let Employees Vent

Amy Balliett, of Killer Infographics, points out that not every employee is comfortable speaking
up.  That’s why she uses software called TinyPulse which lets her employees let her know when
things are off, anonymously.  “It keeps it from something that will fester.  Festering makes an
angry employee who will leave.”

Acknowledge Personal Accomplishments

Sure, just about every office has a list of birthdays tacked up on the corkboard but how many
offices actually do something about it?  A cake really doesn’t cost that much and letting your
employees celebrate just a little during the day isn’t going to destroy productivity.  But think
beyond birthdays: Anniversaries, children’s graduations, sporting events, and milestones are all
opportunities to connect.