* ​By Aya Anwar.

Chapter 4

​The Colorful world of synesthesia

Q:what do you mean by synesthesia?[1]

A/​ ​It is an unusual sensory condition,It is a concomitant sensation.
.‫اﻟﺤـﺲ اﻟ ُﻤـﺼﺎﺣﺐ)اﻟ ُﻤﺮاﻓﻖ( ﻫﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺣﺴﯿﺔ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻋﺎدﯾـﺔ‬

*​Such people have specially wired brains,so that when something stimulates one of the
five senses,another sense also responds.so, people with synesthesia experience a
“blending” of their sense when they see,small,taste,touch or hear.
This “blending “can cause people to see sound,smell colors,or taste shapes.
‫ف أن ﺣﺎﺳﺔ أُﺧﺮى ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬، ‫ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﯾﺴﺘﺤﻮذ ﺷﻲء ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺎﺳﺔ واﺣﺪة ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﻮاس اﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ‬، ‫ﻫﺆﻻء اﻟﻨﺎس ﻟﺪﯾﻬﻢ ادﻣﻐـﺔ ﺳﻠﻜﯿﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬
‫ﯾﻠﻤﺴﻮن‬،‫ﯾـﻌﻨﻲ اﻟﻨﺎس اﻟﺬﯾﻦ ﯾﻤﺘﻠﻜﻮن ﻫﺬا "اﻟﻤﺮض" "ﯾﻤﺰﺟﻮن" ﺣﻮاﺳﻬﻢ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﯾﺮون ﺷﻲء او ﯾﺸﻤﻮن او ﯾﺘﺬوﻗﻮن‬، ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺠﯿﺐ‬
،‫وﯾﺴﻤﻌﻮن‬
( ‫وﯾﺘﺬوﻗﻮن اﻷﺷﻜﺎل‬، ‫ﯾﺸﻤﻮن اﻻﻟﻮان‬، ‫ﯾﺆدي ﻫﺬا "اﻟﻤﺰج" أو ﯾﺴﺒﺐ ﻟﻠﻨﺎس )أن ﯾﺮون اﻟﺼﻮت‬
[15]*​Scientists say as many as one in every 200 people may be a synesthete,
.‫ ﺷﺨﺺ ﯾﻤﻠﻜﻮن ﻫﺬ ِه اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬200 ‫ ﻣﻦ‬1 ‫"ان‬:‫اﻟـﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﯾﻘﻮﻟﻮن‬
[15-20]The phenomenon is known to run in families, and may occur more often among
women than men. Many famous people have had synesthesia. Among them were
Russian writer Vladimir Nabokov and physicist Richard Feynman.
. ‫و ُﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺤﺪث ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻨﺴﺎء اﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﺟﺎل‬، ‫ﻫﺬ ِه اﻟﻀﺎﻫﺮة ﻣﻌﺮوﻓﺔ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻌﺎﺋﻼت‬
(‫)اﻟﻜﺎﺗﺐ اﻟﺮوﺳﻲ ﻓﻼدﯾﻤﯿﺮ ﻧﺎﺑﻮﻛﻮف( )واﻟﻔﯿﺰﯾﺎﺋﻲ رﯾﺘﺸﺎرد ﻓﺎﯾﻨﻤﺎن‬: ‫ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻤﺸﺎﻫﯿﺮ ﯾﻤﻠﻜﻮن ﻫﺬ ِه اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﺜـﻞ‬

One thing is certain; most synesthetes treasure their unusual ability to take in the world
with an additional sense.*[20-30]
. ‫ﻣﻌﻈﻢ اﻟ ُﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﻦ ﺑﻬﺬ ِه اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﯾﻌﺘﺰون ﺑﻘﺪرﺗﻬﻢ اﻟﻐﯿﺮ ﻋﺎدﯾﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﺳﺘﯿﻌﺎﺑﻬﻢ ﺑﺸﻌﻮر إﺿﺎﻓﻲ‬:‫اﻟﺸﻲء اﻟﻤﺆﻛﺪ‬

Q:​what color Is My “I”?[30]

Q: How Do They learn about their gift?

A:​Most synesthetes learn about their amazing gift by accident. They are surprised to
learn that everyone does not experience the world as they do.
"‫اﻟﻬﺒﺔ"ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﯾﻖ "اﻟﺼﺪﻓﻪ""ﺣﺪث ُﻣﻔﺎﺟﻰء‬،‫اﻟﻤﻮﻫﺒﻪ‬،‫” ﯾﺘﻌﻠﻤﻮن ﺣﻮل "اﻟﻌﻄﯿﻪ‬synesthetes" ‫ﻣﻌﻈﻢ‬
.‫اﻧﻬﻢ ﯾﺘﻔﺎﺟﺌﻮن ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﯾﻌﻠﻤﻮن ان اﻟﺠﻤﯿﻊ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﻻﯾﻤﻠﻚ ﻫﺬ ِه اﻟﺨﺒﺮة ﻛﻤﺎ ﯾﻔﻌﻠﻮن‬

‫ ﯾﻤﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﺑﺴﻬﻮﻟﺔ اﻛﺘﺸﺎف اﻷﺷﻜﺎل‬، ‫ “إﻟﻰ اﻟﺼﻮرة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﯿﺴﺎر‬synesthesia" ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﯾﻨﻈﺮ اﻷﺷﺨﺎص اﻟﺬﯾﻦ ﻟﺪﯾﻬﻢ أﻧﻮاع ﻣﻌﯿﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ‬
‫" ﺑﻠﻮن‬S" ‫ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ أرﻗﺎم‬، ‫ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻬﺆﻻء اﻷﺷﺨﺎص‬.‫ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺼﻮرة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﯿﻤﯿﻦ‬، ‫اﻟﺴﺘﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻮاﺟﻪ اﻻﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻛﺲ‬
."2" ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻋﻦ اﻷﺷﻜﺎل‬

Scientists know that in synesthesia, those colors are real. They are not just figments of
an active imagination. How? [45]
A:​Studies show that the colors synesthetes see are highly specific and consistent over
time. If the letter “b” is lime green, it will always be lime green.

‫ ﻛﯿﻒ؟‬.‫ إﻧﻬﺎ ﻟﯿﺴﺖ ﻣﺠﺮد أﺷﻜﺎل ﺧﯿﺎل ﻧﺸﻂ‬.‫ﯾﻌﺮف اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء أن ﻫﺬه اﻷﻟﻮان ﻓﻲ ﺳﯿﻨﺴﺘﯿﺰﯾﺎ ﺣﻘﯿﻘﯿﺔ‬
‫ إذا ﻛﺎن‬.‫ ُﻣﺘﻤﺎﺳﻜﺔ(ﺑﻤﺮور اﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬،‫ﺛﺎﺑﺘﻪ‬،‫”ﻣﺤﺪدة ﻟﻠﻐﺎﯾﺔ و) ُﻣﺘﻨﺎﻏﻤﺔ‬synesthethes”‫ﺗﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت أن اﻷﻟﻮان اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺮاﻫﺎ ا‬
.‫داﺋﻤﺎ أﺧﻀﺮ ﻟﯿﻤﻮﻧﻲ‬
ً ‫ ﻓﺴﯿﻜﻮن‬، ‫" أﺧﻀﺮ ﻟﯿﻤﻮﻧﻲ‬b" ‫اﻟﺤﺮف‬

Q:How we reveal about this condition “synesthesia “?[50]

Q:How can be measured?

A:Studies showed that synesthesia also can be measured by brain-scanning techniques.

For synesthetes who perceive colors when hearing words, a certain part of the brain
involved with vision is active in response to sound. That type of activity didn’t occur in
people who experiences each sense separately.
‫ﻛﯿﻒ ﯾﺘﻢ اﻟﻜﺸﻒ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻪ ؟‬:‫س‬
‫ﻛﯿﻒ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ان ﺗُﻘﺎس؟‬
‫” اﻟﺘﻲ‬synesthetes”‫ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻞ‬.‫أﯾﻀﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺗﻘﻨﯿﺎت ﻣﺴﺢ اﻟﺪﻣﺎغ‬ ً ‫ “ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﻗﯿﺎﺳﻪ‬synesthesia"‫أﻇﻬﺮت اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت أن ا‬
‫ ﻟﻢ ﯾﺤﺪث ﻫﺬا اﻟﻨﻮع ﻣﻦ‬.‫ﺟﺰءا ﻣﻌﯿ ًﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪﻣﺎغ ﯾﺸﺎرك ﻓﻲ اﻟﺮؤﯾﺔ ﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﻮت‬
ً ‫ ﻓﺈن‬، ‫ﺗﺪرك اﻷﻟﻮان ﻋﻨﺪ ﺳﻤﺎع اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت‬
.‫اﻟﻨﺸﺎط ﻓﻲ اﻷﺷﺨﺎص اﻟﺬﯾﻦ ﯾﺨﺘﺒﺮون ﻛﻞ إﺣﺴﺎس ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪة‬

Q:How making connections?[55]

Q:How can the sound of a musical instrument lead to color?

A:Messages gathered from the eyes, ears, mouth, nose and nerves involved in the sense
of touch travel to the brain for processing. Much of this sensory processing occurs in an
area of the brain called the cortex. It is the outermost part of the brain that organizes and
enables us to respond to incoming messages.
‫ﻛﯿﻒ ﯾﺤﺼﻞ اﻻﺗﺼﺎل او اﻟﺼﻠﺔ؟‬:‫س‬

‫ﻓﻜﯿﻒ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ أن ﯾﺆدي ﺻﻮت آﻟﺔ ﻣﻮﺳﯿﻘﯿﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻠﻮن؟‬

‫ ﯾﺤﺪث‬.‫اﻟﺮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻢ ﺟﻤﻌﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﯿﻦ واﻷذﻧﯿﻦ واﻟﻔﻢ واﻷﻧﻒ واﻷﻋﺼﺎب اﻟﻤﺸﺎرﻛﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﻌﻮر ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻤﺲ ﺗﻨﺘﻘﻞ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺪﻣﺎغ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ‬
‫ إﻧﻪ اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪﻣﺎغ اﻟﺬي ﯾﻨﻈﻢ وﯾﺘﯿﺢ ﻟﻨﺎ اﻻﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ‬.‫اﻟﻜﺜﯿﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻟﺤﺴﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪﻣﺎغ ﺗﺴﻤﻰ اﻟﻘﺸﺮة‬
.‫ﻟﻠﺮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻮاردة‬
VQ:what do you mean by cortex ?[55-60]
A:cortex :​It is the outermost part of the brain that organizes and enables us to respond
to incoming messages.

Q:​How making Information process in the brain?[60]

A:Information from each of our senses is first processed in its own special region. It’s
then sent on to “higher” regions in the cortex for further processing. At certain points in
the brain, these various senses converge.
‫ﻛﯿﻒ ﯾﺘﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﻓﻲ اﻟﺪﻣﺎغ؟‬:‫س‬
‫ ﺛﻢ ﯾﺘﻢ إرﺳﺎﻟﻬﺎ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ "اﻷﻋﻠﻰ" ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﺸﺮة ﻟﻤﺰﯾﺪ ﻣﻦ‬.‫ﺗﺘﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺣﻮاﺳﻨﺎ أو ًﻻ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺘﻬﺎ اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‬:‫ج‬
.‫ ﺗﺘﻼﻗﻰ ﻫﺬه اﻟﺤﻮاس اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻘﺎط ﻣﻌﯿﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪﻣﺎغ‬.‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ‬

[65]"Cross-wiring”:​One theory is that synesthesia may be caused by some

“cross-wiring” between areas of the brain that process different sensations, such as
color, sound or taste. This theory draws on the fact that children are born with many
nerve connections between nearby parts of the brain.

‫ﻧﺎﺗﺠﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ "اﻟﺘﻮﺻﯿﻼت اﻟﻤﺘﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ" ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﺪﻣﺎغ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﺞ اﻷﺣﺎﺳﯿﺲ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ً ‫ﺗﻘﻮل إﺣﺪى اﻟﻨﻈﺮﯾﺎت أن اﻟﺘﺨﺪﯾﺮ ﻗﺪ ﯾﻜﻮن‬
‫ ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻨﻈﺮﯾﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻘﯿﻘﺔ أن اﻷﻃﻔﺎل ﯾﻮﻟﺪون ﻣﻊ اﻟﻌﺪﯾﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮواﺑﻂ اﻟﻌﺼﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻷﺟﺰاء‬.‫ ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﻠﻮن أو اﻟﺼﻮت أو اﻟﺬوق‬،
‫اﻟﻘﺮﯾﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪﻣﺎغ‬

Q:​what thing that may happen in synesthesia?[75]

A:​is that some of these connections don’t get pruned away. If so, then people may see
specific colors with particular letters because they have extra connections between the
brain areas involved in word and color perception.

‫ “؟‬synesthesia" ‫ﻣﺎذا ﯾﺤﺪث ﻋﻨﺪ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬:‫س‬

‫ ﻓﻘﺪ ﯾﺮى اﻷﺷﺨﺎص أﻟﻮا ًﻧﺎ ﻣﺤﺪدة ﺑﺄﺣﺮف ﻣﻌﯿﻨﺔ ﻷن ﻟﺪﯾﻬﻢ رواﺑﻂ‬، ‫ إذا ﻛﺎن اﻷﻣﺮ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬.‫ﻫﻲ أن ﺑﻌﺾ ﻫﺬه اﻟﺮواﺑﻂ ﻻ ﯾﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﻠﯿﻤﻬﺎ‬:‫ج‬
.‫إﺿﺎﻓﯿﺔ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﺪﻣﺎغ اﻟﻤﺸﺎرﻛﺔ ﻓﻲ إدراك اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ واﻟﻠﻮن‬

Q:​what mean of “white matter “?[85]

a type of nerve fiber, or axon, that carries messages from brain cell to brain cell. these
axons connect different parts of the brain to each other.

:"‫"اﻟﻤﺤﺎور اﻟﺒﯿﻀﺎء‬
‫اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺮﺑﻂ ﺑﯿﻦ أﺟﺰاء ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬,‫ اﻟﺬي ﯾﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺮﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﻨﺎ ﺧﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﺪﻣﺎغ إﻟﻰ ﺧﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﺪﻣﺎغ‬، ‫ أو اﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﻌﺼﺒﻲ‬، ‫ﻧﻮع ﻣﻦ اﻷﻟﯿﺎف اﻟﻌﺼﺒﯿﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪﻣﺎغ ﺑﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ اﻟﺒﻌﺾ‬

At the end (and it is important quote) [105-1010]

Patricia Lynn Duffy,says:​ “Everybody develops a neural pattern that’s kind of unique,
just like a fingerprint,” she says. “That’s why no two people are seeing the world in
exactly the same way.”

How synesthesia color their" ‫ﺗﻘﻮل" ﺑﺎﺗﺮﯾﺸﯿﺎ ﻟﯿﻦ داﻓﻲ "ﻣﺆﻟﻔﺔ وﻛﺎﺗﺒﺔ أﻣﺮﯾﻜﯿﻪ اﻟﻔﺖ اﻟﻌﺪﯾﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺿﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬
“ world
".‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬
ً ‫ "ﻟﻬﺬا اﻟﺴﺒﺐ ﻻ ﯾﺮى ﺷﺨﺼﺎن اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﺑﻨﻔﺲ اﻟﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ‬."‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺑﺼﻤﺔ اﻹﺻﺒﻊ‬ ً
ً ، ‫"ﯾﻄﻮر اﻟﺠﻤﯿﻊ ﻧﻤﻄﺎ ﻋﺼﺒﯿًﺎ ﻓﺮﯾﺪًا ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﻋﻪ‬
 ———————————————————————-

Chapter 5

what Is creative Thinking?

Is to think in a different way That is to make ordinary extraordinary the normally

abnormal,to make the strange or the unusual are something normal or coming sense
‫ﻟﯿﺠﻌﻞ اﻻﺷﯿﺎء اﻟﻐﯿﺮ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯿﻪ او اﻟﻐﺮﯾﺒﻪ اﺷﯿﺎء ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯿﻪ‬، ‫ﻫﻮ ﻃﺮﯾﻘﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻔﻜﯿﺮ ﺑﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ ُﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﯾﺠﻌﻞ اﻟﻤﺄﻟﻮف ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﺄﻟﻮف اﻟﻌﺎدي ﻏﯿﺮ ﻋـﺎدي‬
.‫ﻗﺎدﻣﺔ‬

Q:what makes the creative person tick?

The creative person wants to be a
Know-it-all. He wants to know about all kinds of things: ancient history,
19th century mathematics, current manufacturing techniques, flower
arranging, and hog futures. Because he never knows when these ideas
might come together to form a new idea. It may happen six minutes later
Or six years down the road. But he has faith that it will happen."

Q:what do you mean by knowledge?and does knowledge by itself make a man creative
thinker?[10]
A:​Knowledgeis the stuff from which new ideas
re made. Nonetheless, knowledge alone won't make a person creative.
*The real key to being creative lies in what you do with your knowledge.

Q:​What creative thinking requires?[15-20]

Creative thinking requires an attitude that allows you to search for
ideas and manipulate your knowledge and experience.With this
outlook you try various approaches, first one, then another,often
not getting anywhere. You use crazy, foolish, and impractical ideas
as stepping stones to practical new ideas. You break the rules
ocasionally, and explore for ideas in unusual outside places. In

*​Three examples of creative thinking:[25-50]

 1-Navy Admiral' Grace Hopper had the task of explaininghe meaning
of a nanosecond to some non-technical computer users
A nanosecond:​is
a billionth of a, second, and it's the basic time interval of a supercomputer's
internal clock.
She wondered, "How can I get them to understand the
brevity of a nanosecond? So she thinks at problem and creative an idea “​She pulled out
a piece of string 30 centimeters long (11.8 inches)
and told her visitors, Here is one nanosecond”
 2-The musicians of Hayn’s orchestra:are got mad(angry)because the Duke
(lord,king)promised them a vacation (leave)but continually postponed (put off)it .They
asked Haydn to talk to the Duke about getting some time off.
Haydn thought for a bit, deçided to let music do the talking, and then
wrote the "Farewell Symphony. The performance began with a full
orchestra, but as the piece went along. it was scored to need fewer and
fewer instruments. As each musician finished his part, he blew out his
candle and left the stage. They did this, one by one, until the stage was
empty. The Duke got the message and gave them a vacation.
 3-Pablo Picasso One day, he went outside his house and
found an old bicycle. He looked at it for a little bit and took off the seat and
the handlebars. Then he welded them together to create the head of a bull

*Important quote:The Nobel Prize winning physician Albert Szent-

said: "Discovery consists of looking at the same thing as
everyone else and thinking something different

Q:​why don’t we “think something different “more often?[65-85]

A:There are 3 main reasons:

1-We are creatures of habit,that we don't need to be creative for

most of what we do. For example, we don't need to be creative when we'r-
driving on the freewayor riding in an elevator, or waiting in line at a
 grocery store

2-A Another reason we're not more creative is that we haven’t been taught
many things we need to do without having to think about them.
to be, Much of our educational system is an fast game of "guess what
the teacher is thinking.

3-Most of us have
Certain attitudes that lock our thinking into the status quol and keep
us thinking 'more of the same

The End (message)

In order to be creative ,we have to be changeable,we must change our mind and the way
we think about things, we think a bout every detail of our life,ask ourselves some
questions and answer ourselves,In order,we try to analyze and explain things better
ways.

Best wishes