9/3/2014 Electrical Load Estimation – Part Four ~ Electrical Knowhow

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Electrical Load Estimation – Part Four

In the previous topic " Electrical Load Estimation – Part One ", I explain the definitions of the most
important terms in electrical load estimation and provides download links for factors used in the
electrical load estimation.

Also, I listed the (5) methods of electrical load estimations which were:

A- Preliminary load calculation which divide to:

1. Space by space (functional area method),

2. Building Area method.
3. Area method. (3) Online
ELECTRICAL LIBRARY

B- NEC load calculations.

Electrical Design Criteria

C- Final load calculations.

Electrical Works’ Method Statements
I explained the first method of preliminary load calculations; Space by space (functional area method) in
the previous topic " Electrical Load Estimation – Part Two ". Also, I explained the second method;
Manufacturers Lists for Electrical
Products
Building Area method in the previous topic " Electrical Load Estimation – Part Three “.

Electrical Drawing Details

Today, I will explain the third method for electrical load estimations which is Area method.

PDF COURSES
Third: Area method

Electrical Load Estimation Course

Area method is used for Area loads which consist of groups of individual building loads that be
Excel Spre
An Introduction to Heating, Ventilation constructed on a large area and will be served by a same subdivision of the electric distribution system.
and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Systems

Examples for cases where area loads method will be applied are industrial, residential, commercial and
An Introduction to Lighting Design military areas. The area method will be used for the design of substations serving these areas.

An Introduction to Electrical Motor

Basics

Electrical

ELECTRICAL BOOKS
Electrical

Electrical Books & Design Guides

Electrical

Code of Practice for Energy Efficiency

of Electrical Installations

Guide for electrical design engineers

Maintenance Manager's Guide to

Power Quality

Power Quality & Utilization Guide

Engine Application and Installation

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9/3/2014 Electrical Load Estimation – Part Four ~ Electrical Knowhow
Guide Industrial Area

Liquid Cooled Genset Application

Manual Selective c

Usage conditions of Area Method

MV Design & Technical Guide
The Area Method may be used only for:

MV Application catalogue Groups of individual building loads within an area.

AccuSine

Electrical and Traffic Engineering Method of estimation by using Area Method

Manual
We have two methods as follows:

1. Basic method,
ELECTRICAL SOFTWARE 2. Optional method (Load center method).

Electrical Software Programs

Riesgo Software For Performing The First: basic method

Risk Assessment Study
This method is used for one level of electrical distribution inside the area (i.e. the feeders for individual
StrikeRisk V5.0 for performing the Risk buildings originated from the main substation switchgear) and the steps of calculations will be as follows:
Assessment Study

RAPAL Software for performing the
Risk Assessment Study
Erico-GEM Software Program for
Earthing Calculations
Visual Professional Edition Software
(6) - Print the Results by Using the
Print Editor
Visual Professional Edition Software
(5) - Inserting Calculation Planes
Visual Professional Edition Software
(4) - Inserting Luminaires
Visual Professional Edition Software
(3) - Starting Steps
Visual Professional Edition Software
(2) - Checking the Default Settings
Visual Professional Edition Software
(1) – Understanding the Program
Interface
Step #1: list the buildings names included in the area and determine the numbers of identical
buildings.
Step#2: calculate the total connected load for each building by using the one or both of the
previous methods; Space by Space and building area.
Step#3: determine the classification of each building from table #1.
Step#4: determine the demand factor for each building from table #1.
Step# 5: determine the load factor for each building from table #1.
Step# 6: find the coincidence factor for each building from table #1.
Step# 7: calculate the building demand load, where:
Building Demand load = building connected load (step# 2) x demand factor (step# 4) x coincidence factor
(step# 6)
Step# 8: calculate the total building demand for the identical buildings, where
Total building demand (for identical buildings) = building demand (step# 7) X number of identical
buildings
Step# 9: calculate the general loads for this area which include roadway lighting, area
lighting, obstruction lighting, and other loads not included in individual building loads.
Step# 10: calculate the total Area demand, where:

CalcuLux Software(1) - Main Window Total Area demand = ∑ (All total buildings demands from step# 8)+ general load (step# 9)
and Bar Menus

Step# 11: apply a load growth factor of 25% and calculate the final total Area demand,
CalcuLux Software(2) - Checking The
Default Settings where:

CalcuLux Software(3) - Example for Final total Area demand= total area demand (step# 9) X 1.25
Ligthing design of an Office

CalcuLux Software - Part Four

(8) differen

CalcuLux Software - Part Five

CalcuLux Software - Part Six

CalcuLux Software-Part Seven

Locating o

ID-Spec Software

DIALux Lighting Software Program-

Blue Version

DIALux Lighting Software Program -

Red Version
Sizing Ove

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9/3/2014 Electrical Load Estimation – Part Four ~ Electrical Knowhow

DIALux - Indoor Lighting Calculations

Menu Options

HOW TO Electrical D

Write Technical Specifications for

Lightning Protection Systems Electrical D

Determine The Number Of Down

Conductors of LPS Electrical D

Perform Need for Lightning Protection

Calculations by (4) Different Methods

Perform Grounding Calculations by (6)

Different Methods

Size Earthing Conductors Using NEC

Tables

Size Earthing Conductors Using BS

7671

Select the Best Earthing System

Calculate Voltage Drop as per U.S.

and European Methods

Use NEC Annex B Tables in

Conductor Ampacity Calculations

Perform Conductor Ampacity

Calculations Using NEC under Table#1
Engineering Supervision Method

Perform Conductor Ampacity you can download table#1 by clicking Here.

Calculations Using NEC Section
310.15 Tables

Size Overcurrent Protection Devices

Second: Optional Method (Load centers method)

Calculate the Total Demand Electrical

Load for Non-Dwelling Buildings
Calculate Electrical Demand Load for
Dwelling Buildings as per NEC
Optional Method
This method is used for multi levels of electrical distributions inside the area (i.e. each group of
individual buildings can be connected to sub-main switchgear far from the main substation switchgear.
The calculation steps will be as follows:

Calculate Electrical Demand Load for Steps from #1 to #7 are the same as in basic method.
Dwelling Buildings as per NEC
Standard Method Step# 8: an additional coincidence factors – differs from that given in Table# 1 - will be
applied to each load center which can be called as “load center coincidence factor”.
Calculate general-use receptacles load
in a dwelling unit
After determination of load center coincidence factor for each load center, the total building demand =
Calculate Maximum Permissible ∑ (All load centers demands).
Number Of Lighting Fixtures On A
General Lighting Branch Circuit
Steps from #9 to # 11 are the same as in basic method.
Calculate Track Lighting Load

Calculate The Minimum Number Of

General Lighting Branch Circuits For
Any Building Load center coincidence factor values

Calculate General Lighting Branch

Circuit Load For Any Building
Calculate Sign And Outline Branch
Circuits Load
Calculate Show Window Lighting Load
For loads of a similar nature, it should be in the range 0.93 to 1.00.
Checklist
For loads of a varying nature (Evening loads and daytime loads) are combined; it should be in
the range of 0.70 to 1.00.
The lower values will occur when the magnitudes of the loads are nearly balanced, and the
higher ones when the combined load is predominantly one type.

Calculate The Minimum number of

receptacle branch circuits for bank or
office buildings Example:
Calculate the Maximum allowable An airforce base has a maintenance area including the following buildings:
number of receptacles on a branch
circuit in a dwelling unit

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9/3/2014 Electrical Load Estimation – Part Four ~ Electrical Knowhow
Description Number Total connected
Estimate Preliminary Load By Using
Area Method of Buildings load, kw
Fuel oil pump house 1 0.3
Estimate Preliminary Load By Using Filling station 1 3
The Building Area Method
Filling station building 1 0.3
Estimate Preliminary Load By Using Receiver building 1 2.1
Space-By-Space Method (Functional Transmitter building 1 37.2
Area Method)
Tacan building 1 0.7
Design Outdoor Lighting By Using Radar building 1 1.2
Isolux Diagram Method
Aircraft fire and rescue station 1 8
Aircraft operations building 1 80.2
Design Outdoor Lighting By Using The
Photographic building 1 10.5
Beam-Lumen Method As Per IES
Academic instruction building 1 47
Design Outdoor Lighting By Using The Operational trainer facility 1 0.1
Beam-Lumen Method As Per CIE Aircraft overhaul and repair shop 1 7600
Paint/finishing hangar 1 127
Design Outdoor Lighting By Using
Engine preparation and storage
Point-By-Point Method
shop 1 405
Design Interior Lighting By Using By Engine maintenance shop
Using Quick Estimate Charts
Engine test cell 1 360
Missile equipment maintenance
Design Interior Lighting By Using Watt 1 3
Per Square Feet Method facility
Auto vehicle maintenance facility 1 370
Design Interior Lighting By Using Point Fire station 1 14.6
By Point Method

Calculate the main electrical service size for this area using the building connected loads indicated
Design Interior Lighting By Using The
Zonal Cavity (Lumen) Method above.

Build Preliminary Single Line Diagram The solution:

Like Professionals

Make A Preliminary Design Like By using table #1 and the basic method described above for estimating the electrical load of an area, the
Professionals
following table summarizes the solution steps:

Write Electrical Design Criteria Like

Professionals Total Demand Maximum Load
Coinciden Coincide
Description Connected factor, demand, factor,
ce factor, % nce peak, kw Course EP
Specify The Required Type Of load, kw % % %
General-Use Receptacles For Each
Area In A Dwelling Unit Fuel oil
0.3 100 0.3 52 52(1) 0.2
pump house
Distribute General-Use Receptacle Filling
Loads In A Dwelling Unit 3 60 1.8 18 57(1) 1
station
Filling station
Select Receptacle Rating For A Branch 0.3 80 0.2 20 61(1) 0.1
building
Circuit In A Dwelling Unit
Receiver
2.1 65 1.4 72 79 1.1 Course EC
building
Transmitter
37.2 65 1.4 72 79 19.1
CONTACT FORM building
Tacan building 0.7 65 0.5 72 79 0.4
Name Radar building 1.2 70 0.8 72 79 0.6
Aircraft fire
and rescue 8 30 2.4 15 52(1) 1.2
Email * station
Aircraft
Operations 80.2 80 64.2 28 68(1) 43.6
Message *
building
Photographic
10.5 70 7.4 18 57(1) 4.2
building
Academic
Instruction 47 60 28.2 22 62(1) 17.5
Send building
Operational
trainer facility 0.1 80 0.1 15 52(1) 0.1

Aircraft
HOW TO JOIN OUR SITE?
overhaul
7600 38 2890 25 95(2) 2745
and repair
shop
Paint/
Finishing 127 70 89 26 66(1) 58.3

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9/3/2014 Electrical Load Estimation – Part Four ~ Electrical Knowhow
hangar
Engine
Preparation
and storage
shop 405 40 162 15 52(1) 84.2
Engine
Maintenance
shop
Engine test
360 45 162 28 68(1) 110
cell
Missile
equipment
3 40 1.2 22 62(1) 0.7
maintenance
facility
Auto
vehicle
370 60 222 25 65(1) 145
Maintenance
facility
Fire station 14.6 30 4.4 15 52(1) 2.3
Total 3235
System loss (6%) 194
Grand total (Main electrical service size) 3429

Free download

You can download an excel worksheet for preliminary load calculation as per area method b y clicking
Here.

General notes for all methods of electrical load estimations

1- Method combination
A particular design may use one Preliminary load estimate method or a combination from two or even the
three methods.

2- System loss
A system loss of approximately 6 %, based on calculated maximum demand, should be added to the
preliminary building load.

3- Load growth
Determine the requirements for load growth for anticipated usage and life expectancy with particular
attention to the possibility of adding heavy loads in the form of air conditioning, electric heating,
electric data processing, and electronic communication equipment. No more than 10% spare capacity will
be considered during design unless otherwise noted.

Free download

Watt per Square Foot based on IEEE.

Watt per Square Meter based on NEC.
Watt per Square Meter based on IEC.
Watt per Square Meter based on Other Regulations.

In the next topics, I will explain how to design and draw an optimal single line diagram. So, please
keep following.

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