TESTCODE00247 4

FORM TP 21228 MAY/JUNE 2OOI

CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCI L

ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION

PHYSICS

UNIT 02 - Paper0L

I hour 45 minutes

READ THE FOLLO\VING INSTRUCTIONSCAREFULLY

l. T h i s p a p e rc o n s i s t so f N I N E q u e s t i o n s . C a n d i d a t e sm u s t a t t e m p t
ALL questions.

2. C a n d i d a t eM s U S T r v r i t ei n t h i s a n s w e rb o o k l e ta n d a l l w o r k i n g M U S T
b e c l e a r l ys h o u , n .

Copyright@ 2001Caribbean Examinations

Council
All rightsreserved.
002474|CAPE2001
 -2-

LIST OF PHYSICAL CONSTANTS

Speed of light in free space c 3.00x108ms'l

Permeability of free space Fto 4n x 10-7Hm't

Permittiviry of free space Eo 8 . 8 5x l 0 - l 2 F m ' t

Elementary charge e 1 . 6 0x 1 0 - r eC

The Planck constant h 6.63x10-3aJs

Unified atomic massconstant u 1.66x t0-27kg

Rest massof electron me 9 . 1 1x l 0 - 3 r k g

Rest massof proton ntp | .67 x 10-27kg

Accelerationof free fall I 9 . 8 1m s ' 2

I Atmosphere Atm l.00xlOsNm-2

Avogadro'snumber Nrr 6.02x 1023per mole

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

002474|CAPE
2001
 ' -3-

1. (a) Coulomb establishedthe fundamental law of electric force between two stationary,
chargedparticles.

StateTHREE propertiesof this electric force.

[3 marks]

(b) Write an equationto expressthe magnitudeof the electricforce betrveentwo charges.

I mark 1

(c) F i g u r e I s h o l v s t h r e e p o i n t s c h a r g e sl o c a t e d a t t h e c o r n e r s o f a t r i a n g l er v h e r e
Q r = Q r = 5 P t C ,Q : = - 2 P t C a n d r = l 0 c m .

Q,O 6er

Qt@

Figure I

(i) Locate on the diagramthe forcesF, and Ft acting on Qr due to Q, and Q2

respectively. ll mark l

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

002474|CAPE
2001
 -4-

(ii) Calculatea value for F,.

[2 marks]

(iii) Calculatea value for F".

[1 mark ]

(iv) Flencecalculatethe magnitudeof the resultantforce acting on Qr.

[2 marks]

Total 10 marks

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

002474|CAPE
2001
 -5-

2. (a) A charged particl€, g, moves anticlockwise in a magnetic field which acts at right
anglesto the velocity of the charge. (See Figure 2.)

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X

Figure 2

Indicateon the diagramthe directionof the

(i) velocity of the chargedparricle,v [1 mark ]

(ii) magneticforce actingon the chargeparticle,F. [1 mark ]

(b) Explainrvhy the magneticfield doesnot affectthe kineticenergyof the chargedparticle.

[4 marks]

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

002474|CAPE
2001
 -6-

(c) A protonis moving in a circularorbit of radius7.5 cm in a uniforrnmagneticfield of

magnitude0.4 T directedperpendicular to the velociryof the proton.

Calculatethe

(i) orbital speed

[3 marks]

(ii) period of revolutionof the electron.

[1 mark ]

Total l0 marks

GO ON TO TFIE NEXT PAGt,

002474|CAPE
2001
 -7

3. (a) Define'capacitance'

[1 mark ]

(b) Figure 3 sholvs a parallel plate air capacitorrvith a constantelectric field strength,E,
between the plates. The areaof the platesis A and d is their distanceapart.

Figure 3

(i) Write a formula f o r t h e c a p a c i t a n coef t h i s c a p a c i t o ri n t e r m so f t h e a r e ao f t h e

p l a t e sA
, , a n d ,d , t h e i rd i s t a n c ea p a r t .

[1 mark ]

(i i ) Hence show that the energyper unit volume, U, o[ the capacitoris given by
-'t

U = t%t- where eo is the permittivity of free space.

2

[3 marks]

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

002474|CAPE
200t
 -8-

(c) A parallel-platecapacitorhas areaA = 20.0 cm2 and a plate separationd = 4.5 mm.
The electricfield strength,E, is 3 x 106V m'1. Calculatethe

(i) capacitance
in air

[2 marks]

(i i) energyper unit volume, U

[3 marks]

Total 10 marks

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

2001
002474|CAPE
 - 9-

4. (a) Figure4 showshow the valueof an alternating

currentchangeswith time.

I/A

t /ms

Figure 4

Find the

(i) a m p l i t u d eo f t h e c u r r e n r

I mark ]
( ii ) period

I I mark
(iii) frequency.

ll mark I
(b) For the waveform representedin Figure 4, writean equation
whichrepresents
howthe
alternatingcurrent,I, varies with time, t.

[2 marks]

CO ON TO TFIE NEXT PAGE

00247
4|CAPE2001
 - 10_

(c) A diode is connectedin serieswith a resistorof resistance,R, to an a.c. supply as shorvn

in Figure 5.

Figure 5

(i) Sketch a graph to shorv how the current varies as it flows through the reiistor.
[2 marks]

(ii) To smoothen the rectified potential difference acrossthe resistor,a capacitoris

placed in the circuit of Figure 5. Indicateon Figure 5 where you would place
this capacitor. [l mark 1
(iii) Show on the graph you sketchedin part (c) (i) the effect on the currentof placing
the capacitorin the circuit. [1 mark ]
(iv) On the sketchedgraph,labelthe regionwherethecapacitoris beingcharged.
[1 mark ]
Total 10 marks

GO ON TO TFIE NEXT PAGE

002474|CAPE
2001
 - ll -

5. (a) A transforrneris a device that usesmutual inductionto changea given a.c. voltage into
a larger or smaller a.c. voltage. With the aid of a labelleddiagramexplain the principle
of operation of an ideal transformer.

[5 marks]
(b) An ideal transformerstepsup the voltagesuppliedto it by a generator.The generator
sttppliesa currentof t5 Aat 500 V. This voltageis steppedup to l0 000 V and transmitted
along a transmissioncable of total resistance20 fl. On reachingthe consumerthis
voltage is steppedback dorvn to 500 V.

Calculatethe

(i) current in the transmissioncable

[1 mark ]

(ii) polver lost in the transmissioncable

[2 marks]

GO ON TO TI{E NEXT PAGE

002474|CAPE
2001
 - L2-

(iii) Percentagepower lost in the transmissioncable if the voltage was not stepped
uP.

[2 marks]

Total 10 marks

6. Figure 6 shows a logic network.

Figure 6

(a) Draw a truth table for this network.

[5 marks]

GO ON TO TFIE NEXT PAGE

002474|CAPE
2001
 -13-

o) Design a logic network using a combination of AND and NOR gates to give the same
output as in part (a) (i).

[3 marks]

(c) Nameanddraw thesinglegatewhich is equivalentto the networkin (i) and(ii).

[2 marks]

Total 1.0marks

GO ON TO TFM NEXT PACE

002474|CAPE2001
 -14-

energy levels of
7. Figure 7 shows the energy level diagram which representsthe four lowest
atomic hydrogen.
- 1 . 3 6 x 1 0 - r eJ

-2.4 x l0-reJ

-5.44 x l0-te J

Ground state - 2 1 . 1 6 x 1 0 - r eJ

Figure7

(a) Why aretheenergyvaluesof theselevelsnegative?

[2 marks]

rvith
(b) (i) A n i n c o m i n ge l e c t r o no f k i n e t i ce n e r g y2 0 . 0 x t 0 - l e J c o l l i d e si n e l a s t i c a l l y
means of vertical arrorvs '
the hydrogenelectronin its ground state. Indicate,by
on the lefr sideof the energylevel diagram,possibletransitionsof the hydrogen
e l e c t r o nr v h i c hc a n o c c u ra s a r e s u l to f t h i sc o l l i s i o n . t2 marksl

(ii) What becomesof the incidentelectron?

ll mark l

(c) (i) An incomingphotonof wavelengthI .02 x l0-7m collideswith a similarhydrogen

electronin its groundstatealso. Calculatethe energyof this photon'

[2 marksJ

to
(i i) Indicate on the right side of the energy level diagram the possiblelevel(s)'
which the absorbingelectronrises. [1 mark ]

GO ON TO TFIE NEXT PAGE

002474|CAPE2001
 -15-

(iii) What becomesof the incidentphoton?

I mark ]
(iv) Statewhat would be the casein (cXi) if the photon had a shorterwavelengrhof
0.95 x 10-7m.

I mark ]
Total l0 marks

8. (a) Completethe following nuclearreactions.

(i) tH =oH. +
+'H
l 1 2

(ii) 'iiu * ln = 'lfr-o+ fle' * [2 marks]

(b) Using the given massesbelorv

Masses:

= 3.315x 10'27
kg tiiu = 390173x l0-r7kg
;H
= 5.008x t0-27kg 'r*fm= 245.565x 10'27
kg
iH
= 6.647x 10-27
kg = 140.960
x l0'r7kg
lH. lltr
]n = 1 . 6 7 3x 1 0 ' 2 7k g
0

(i) C a l c u l a t et h e e n e r g yr e l e a s e di n E A C H o f t h e r e a c t i o n sg i v e i n P a r t( a ) .

[3 marks]

GO ON TO TI{E NEXT PAGE

002474/CAPE
2001
 -16-

(i i) Calculatethe energy releasedper unit massof combining nuclidesfor EACH of

the reactionsgiven in Part (a).

[2 marks]

(c) (i) Give ONE problem associatedrvith using reaction(a) (i) as a sourceof energY.

[1 mark ]

(ii) with using reaction(a) (ii) as a sourceof energy.

Give ONE problem associated

[1 mark ]

(iii) How can the secondreactionbe controlled?

[1 mark ]

Total l0 marks

GO ON TO TF{ENEXT PAGE
2001
002474|CAPE
 - t 7-

9. (a) For radioactive decay A = LN.

Give rhe name of EACH term and the correspondingS.I. Unit in this relationship.

Term Name of Term S.I. Unit

(i) A

(i i) I

(iii) N

[3 marks]

(b) (i) R a d i o a c t i v i t y d e c a Y i s a r a n d o m p r o c e s sy e t a s t r i c t m a t h e m a t i c a l l a w
N = No exp (-1"t)applies. State the physical condition which ensuresa good
though not exact obedienceto this law.

[1 mark

2i*6Rn.
(i i ) Calculatethe number of atoms in tg of

t l mark l

(c) (i) A particularradioactiveelementhas half-life of 100 years. Calculateits value

of ),.

[2 marks]

GO ON TO TI{E NEXT PAGE

2001
o02474lCAPE
 -18-

elementto emit the same

(ii) After horvmanyyearsrvill it takea whole yearfor this
numberof partici.t ut it doesin oneday norv?

I year=365 daYs.

[3 marks]

Total 10 marks

END OF TEST

2001
o02474lCAPE