8.07.2020 г. What is Load on Top (LOT)?

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What is Load on Top (LOT)?

Not all oil pollution is caused by tankers. However, the huge volume of crude oil transported by
sea has created a major problem in disposing of dirty ballast and tank washings without harming
the marine environment or damaging coastal amenities. Most crude oils contain wax and other
materials in solution, together with sediments, which may settle out during the voyage and form a
residue with any cargo remaining after discharge (of the order of 0.2 to 0.5 per cent of the cargo
carried). If discharged into the sea in heavy concentrations in the course of tank washing the
residue will stay on the surface for a long time and cause pollution.

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8.07.2020 г. What is Load on Top (LOT)?

Hence, it must be kept on board and may be discharged at loading terminals where the necessary
facilities arc available. If not, the residue must be retained and the new cargo loaded on
top (LOT). In no circumstances may the residue be discharged into the sea unless the safety of
the ship or its personnel is at hazard.

Objects of Load on Top

The essential purpose of the Load on Top system is the collection and settling on board of the
water and oil mixtures resulting from ballasting and tank operations-usually in a special slop tank
or tanks-and their subsequent disposal ashore at the discharge port.
When oil and water arc agitated together droplets of oil can enter the water and water can enter
the oil. When oil droplets enter water they are generally well dispersed and will settle out, the rate
depending upon the specific gravity of the oil and the size of the oil droplets. Tank washing and
pumping of wash water and oil residues produce water droplets, which will enter the oil. Most
crude oils contain emulsifying elements, which hinder the separation of water dispersed in the oil.
The oil residues in the slop tank generally contain this type of water-in-oil emulsion, which is stable
and long-lasting.

Related Article: Molasses - Carriage on

Tankers

All tankers can perform Load on Top operations, which will enable them to meet the requirements
of the 1954 Convention as amended in 1969. The 1969 amendments impose a total prohibition on
the discharge of any oil or oily mixture from a tanker within 50 miles of any coast, and limit the
How, concentration and quantity discharged anywhere else at sea.

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BY CULT OF SEA
FILED UNDER: TANKERS
TAGGED WITH: CBT, CRUDE OIL, LOAD ON TOP, LOT, TANKERS

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