1 What is a virus? how does it spreads from one system to another system?

Computer viruses are small software or code that can cause damage to your data and
software on a computer.

how does it spreads from one system to another system:

In a constantly connected world, you can contract a computer virus in many ways, some
more obvious than others. Viruses can be spread through email and text message
attachments, Internet file downloads, and social media scam links. Your mobile devices
and smartphones can become infected with mobile viruses through shady app
downloads. Viruses can hide disguised as attachments of socially shareable content
such as funny images, greeting cards, or audio and video files.
To avoid contact with a virus, it’s important to exercise caution when surfing the web,
downloading files, and opening links or attachments. To help stay safe, never download
text or email attachments that you’re not expecting, or files from websites you don’t
trust.

2 How does a computer virus attack?

Once a virus has successfully attached to a program, file, or document, the virus will lie
dormant until circumstances cause the computer or device to execute its code. In order
for a virus to infect your computer, you have to run the infected program, which in turn
causes the virus code to be executed.
This means that a virus can remain dormant on your computer, without showing major
signs or symptoms. However, once the virus infects your computer, the virus can infect
other computers on the same network. Stealing passwords or data, logging keystrokes,
corrupting files, spamming your email contacts, and even taking over your machine are
just some of the devastating and irritating things a virus can do.
While some viruses can be playful in intent and effect, others can have profound and
damaging effects. This includes erasing data or causing permanent damage to your
hard disk. Worse yet, some viruses are designed with financial gains in mind.

3 What are the signs of a computer virus?

A computer virus attack can produce a variety of symptoms. Here are some of them:

 Frequent pop-up windows. Pop-ups might encourage you to visit unusual sites.

Or they might prod you to download antivirus or other software programs.
 Changes to your homepage. Your usual homepage may change to another
website, for instance. Plus, you may be unable to reset it.
 Mass emails being sent from your email account. A criminal may take control
of your account or send emails in your name from another infected computer.
  Frequent crashes. A virus can inflict major damage on your hard drive. This
may cause your device to freeze or crash. It may also prevent your device from
coming back on.
 Unusually slow computer performance. A sudden change of processing
speed could signal that your computer has a virus.
 Unknown programs that start up when you turn on your computer. You may
become aware of the unfamiliar program when you start your computer. Or you
might notice it by checking your computer’s list of active applications.
 Unusual activities like password changes. This could prevent you from
logging into your computer.

4 what is an antivirus? How does it helps in computer

Antivirus software helps protect your computer against malware and cybercriminals.
Antivirus software looks at data — web pages, files, software, applications — traveling
over the network to your devices. It searches for known threats and monitors the
behavior of all programs, flagging suspicious behavior. It seeks to block or remove
malware as quickly as possible.
Antivirus software provides protection against these types of threats by performing key
tasks:

 Pinpointing specific files for the detection of malicious software

 Scheduling automatic scans 
 Scanning either one file or your entire computer at your discretion
 Deleting malicious codes and software
 Confirming the safety of your computer and other devices

5 What are the different types of antivirus protection?

Several types of antivirus programs have evolved over the years. When setting up your
umbrella of protection, it’s important to understand the more common antivirus
programs available.
Malware signature antivirus
Malware, or malicious software, installs viruses and spyware on your computer or
device without your knowledge. Malware can steal your login information, use your
computer to send spam, crash your computer system, and essentially give
cybercriminals access to your devices and the information stored on them, and even the
ability to monitor and control your online activity.
Malware signature antivirus software detects malware signatures, which are digital
fingerprints of malicious software. Antivirus protection can scan for specific malicious
codes, identify specific viruses, and disable these programs.
While malware signature antivirus protection is key for detecting and eradicating known
viruses, one limitation is its inability to address new viruses. The antivirus product
simply doesn’t contain these new virus signatures.
System monitoring antivirus
This is where system monitoring antivirus software comes into play. This antivirus
protection can monitor software and computer systems for behavior that is suspect or
atypical of the user.
For instance, alerts are created when a user connects to unfamiliar sites or attempts to
access a large number of files, or when there’s a significant increase in data usage.
Machine learning antivirus
Another form of protection can be machine learning techniques, which monitor “normal”
computer or network behaviors. The machine learning antivirus software is able to limit
activities by programs or computers if they look suspicious.
More specifically, machine learning detection implements algorithms to facilitate
malware detection that is broader in scope. This type of antivirus protection is beneficial
because it works in tandem with other antivirus applications to provide multiple layers of
protection.
6 What are various antivirus are available in market?
Some Examples of Antivirus Software's…

Bit Defender: Easy to install and download processes, Real-time protection from spyware, malware and
viruses, automatic hourly updates, Minimal use of system resources, Anti-phishing tools.

Kaspersky Antivirus: Kaspersky includes important anti-virus software functions such as real-time email,
file and web scanning, as well as the ability to remove spyware

NOD32: The NOD32 anti-virus software by ESET is a novel virus program that provides real-time
protection against worms, Trojans, spyware, malware, phishing and hackers.

Panda Antivirus: Download and install process is smooth and fast. Panda's Antivirus software comes
with an virus and spyware protection. Panda allows you to block, delete, clean, and quarantine infected
files and does not slow your pc down during virus scans which is helpful to those constantly on your PC.

Trend Micro: It is anti-virus plus Anti-spyware now gives its customers the tools it needs to battle
malicious spyware, amongst things like trojans, hackers, worms, and adware.