Problem

Acid = 1.2 kg/s Th2 = 88 C

Th1 = 174 C
1 2
Tc3 = 80 C Tc2 = 40 C

Cp acid = 1500 J/kg.C

Cp water = 4200 J/kg.C
Capacity of tanks V1=V2=V= 4500 kg
h1 = 1150 W/m2.C
h2 = 750 W/m2.C

Solution:
For Tank 1
Input
Ref Temp. (Tr) 40 C
Rate of Enthalpy change of input acid stream = Q = m Cp (Th1-Tr)
241200
Q = hAΔT = mCpΔT
A = mCpΔT/hΔT
A = 1.565217 m2
Output
Rate of heat transfer of acid stream = Q= hA(Tr-Th2)
Q= 1800 (40-Th2)

Accumulation
Rate of enthalpy change insied the tank 1 = Q = mCp (dT/dt)
 = 6750000 dT/dt
Applying balance
Input - Output = Accumulation
241200 - 1800(40-Th2)= 6750000dT/dt
94 + Th2 = 3750 dT/dt
ʃdt = 3750ʃ{1/(94+Th2)}dT
t = 3750 ln{(94+40)/(94+Th2)}
Th2 = {134/(exp(t/3750))}-94

For Tank 2
Input
Ref Temp. (Tr) 20 C
Rate of Enthalpy change of input acid stream = Q = m Cp (Th2-Tr)
122400
Q = hAΔT = mCpΔT
A = mCpΔT/hΔT
A= 2.4 m2
Output
Rate of heat transfer of acid stream = Q= hA(Tr-Th3)
Q= 1800 (20-Th3)

Accumulation
Rate of enthalpy change insied the tank 2 = Q = mCp (dT/dt)
= 6750000 dT/dt
Applying balance
Input - Output = Accumulation
122400 - 1800(20-Th3)= 6750000dT/dt
48 + Th3 = 3750 dT/dt
ʃdt = 3750ʃ{1/(48+Th3)}dT
t = 3750 ln{(48+20)/(84+Th3)}
Th2 = {68/(exp(t/3750))}-84
If cooling water stops for t = 1hr then Reference temperature will become 174 C in the first tank
241200 - 1800(174-Th2) = 6750000dT/dt
 Th2 - 40 = 3750dT/dt
t = 3750 ln{(174-40)/(Th2-40)}
Th2 = 91.307646720665
If cooling water stops for t = 1hr then Reference temperature will become 88 C in the second tank
122400 - 1800(88-Th3) = 6750000dT/dt
Th3 - 20 = 3750dT/dt
t = 3750 ln{(88-20)/(Th2-20)}
Th3 = 46.0367162463076
Tank 1 (Keeping flow rate of acid constan
180
Keeping flow rate of acid constant 160
Tank 1 140
Time (sec) Temperature[C] 120

Temperature
500 91.307646720665 100
80
1000 92.6942565963922
60
1500 100.210081191708 40
2000 108.797893950367 20
2500 118.610593414344 0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
3000 129.822886168776
Time
3500 142.634397340863
3600 157.273224751755
Column E

Tank 2 (Keeping flow of acid constan

Keeping flow rate of acid constant 90
Tank 1 80
Time (sec) Temperature[C] 70
500 46.0367162463076 60

Temperature
1000 46.7403690190647 50
1500 50.5543695599711 40
2000 54.9123640942163 30
2500 59.8919429266822 20
10
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 40
Time
 50

Temperat
40
30
20
3000 65.5817631304235 10
3500 72.0831270087961 0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 40
3600 79.5117856949204
Time

If the flow rate of acid is 1.25kg/s then

Acid = 1.25 kg/s Th2 = 88 C

Th1 = 174 C
1 2
Tc3 = 80 C Tc2 = 40 C

Cp acid = 1500 J/kg.C

Cp water = 4200 J/kg.C
Capacity of tanks V1=V2=V= 4500 kg
h1 = 1150 W/m2.C
h2 = 750 W/m2.C

Solution:
For Tank 1
Input
Ref Temp. (Tr) 40 C
Rate of Enthalpy change of input acid stream = Q = m Cp (Th1-Tr)
251250
Q = hAΔT = mCpΔT
A = mCpΔT/hΔT
A = 1.630435 m2
Output
Rate of heat transfer of acid stream = Q= hA(Tr-Th2)
 Q= 1875 (40-Th2)

Accumulation
Rate of enthalpy change insied the tank 1 = Q = mCp (dT/dt)
= 6750000 dT/dt
Applying balance
Input - Output = Accumulation
251250 - 1875(40-Th2)= 6750000dT/dt
94 + Th2 = 3750 dT/dt
ʃdt = 3600ʃ{1/(94+Th2)}dT
t = 3600 ln{(94+40)/(94+Th2)}
Th2 = {134/(exp(t/3600))}-94

For Tank 2
Input
Ref Temp. (Tr) 20 C
Rate of Enthalpy change of input acid stream = Q = m Cp (Th2-Tr)
127500
Q = hAΔT = mCpΔT
A = mCpΔT/hΔT
A= 2.5 m2
Output
Rate of heat transfer of acid stream = Q= hA(Tr-Th3)
Q= 1875 (20-Th3)

Accumulation
Rate of enthalpy change insied the tank 2 = Q = mCp (dT/dt)
= 6750000 dT/dt
Applying balance
Input - Output = Accumulation
127500 - 1875(20-Th3)= 6750000dT/dt
48 + Th3 = 3600 dT/dt
ʃdt = 3600ʃ{1/(48+Th3)}dT
 t = 3600 ln{(48+20)/(84+Th3)}
Th2 = {68/(exp(t/3600))}-84
If cooling water stops for t = 1hr then Reference temperature will become 174 C in the first tank
251250 - 1875(174-Th2) = 6750000dT/dt
Th2 - 40 = 3600dT/dt
t = 3600 ln{(174-40)/(Th2-40)}
Th2 = 89.2958451169733
If cooling water stops for t = 1hr then Reference temperature will become 88 C in the second tank
127500 - 1875(88-Th3) = 6750000dT/dt
Th3 - 20 = 3600dT/dt
t = 3600 ln{(88-20)/(Th2-20)}
Th3 = 45.0158019996581
Keeping time constant
Tank 1
Acid flow (kg/sec) Temperature[C]
Tank 1: Keeping ti
1.2 83.7214054251 92
1.25 85.5057512901 90

1.3 87.3628069752 88

Temperature
86
1.35 89.295845117
84
1.4 91.3076467207
82
80
78
1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1
Acid Flow
Keeping time constant
Tank 2
Acid flow (kg/sec) Temperature[C] Tank 2 : Keeping
1.2 42.1869818575
47
1.25 43.0924708039
46
1.3 44.034857271
1.35 45.0158019997 45

Temperature
1.4 46.0367162463 44

43

42

41

40
 45

Temperature
44

43

42

41

40
1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3
Acid Flow
Th3 = 45 C

water = 0.96 kg/s

Tc1 = 20 C
flow rate of acid constant)

500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000

Time

Column E

eping flow of acid constant)

Column E

0 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000

Time
 Column E

0 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000

Time

Th3 = 45 C

water = 0.96 kg/s

Tc1 = 20 C
 Tank 1: Keeping time constant

Column F

1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45

Acid Flow

Tank 2 : Keeping time constant

Column F
 Column F

15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45

Acid Flow
 1.4 kg/s

174 C
1
80 C

Cp acid = 1500 J/kg.C

Cp water = 4200 J/kg.C
Capacity ofV1=V2=V= 4500 kg
h1 1150 W/m2.C
h2 750 W/m2.C

Solution:
For Tank 1
Input
Ref Temp. (Tr) 40
Rate of Enthalpy change of input acid stream = Q =

Output
Rate of heat transfer of acid stream = Q=

Accumulation
Rate of enthalpy change insied the tank 1 = Q =

Applying balance
Input - Output =
251250 - 1875(40-Th2)=
94 + Th2 = 3750 dT/dt
ʃdt = 3600ʃ{1/(94+Th2)}dT
t = 3600 ln{(94+40)/(94+Th2)}
Th2 = {134/(exp(t/3600))}-94

For Tank 2
Input
Ref Temp. (Tr) 20
Rate of Enthalpy change of input acid stream = Q =
Output
Rate of heat transfer of acid stream = Q=

Accumulation
Rate of enthalpy change insied the tank 2 = Q =

Applying balance
Input - Output =
127500 - 1875(20-Th3)=
48 + Th3 = 3600 dT/dt
ʃdt = 3600ʃ{1/(48+Th3)}dT
t = 3600 ln{(48+20)/(84+Th3)}
Th2 = {68/(exp(t/3600))}-84
If cooling water stops for t = 1hr then Reference temperature will become 174 C in the first tank
251250 - 1875(174-Th2) =
Th2 - 40 = 3600dT/dt
t = 3600 ln{(174-40)/(Th2-40)}
Th2 = 89.2958451169733
If cooling water stops for t = 1hr then Reference temperature will become 88 C in the second tank
127500 - 1875(88-Th3) =
Th3 - 20 = 3600dT/dt
t = 3600 ln{(88-20)/(Th2-20)}
Th3 = 45.0158019996581
 Th2 = 88 C Th3 = 45

2 water =

Tc2 = 40 C Tc1 = 20

C
m Cp (Th1-Tr)
281400
Q = hAΔT = mCpΔT
A = mCpΔT/hΔT
A= 1.82608695652174 m2

hA(Tr-Th2)
Q= 2100 (40-Th2)

mCp (dT/dt)
= 6750000 dT/dt

Accumulation
6750000dT/dt

C
m Cp (Th2-Tr)
142800
Q = hAΔT = mCpΔT
A = mCpΔT/hΔT
 A= 2.8 m2

hA(Tr-Th3)
Q= 2100 (20-Th3)

mCp (dT/dt)
= 6750000 dT/dt

Accumulation
6750000dT/dt
3214.28571428571

74 C in the first tank

6750000dT/dt

8 C in the second tank

6750000dT/dt
C

0.96 kg/s