d e n t a l m a t e r i a l s 3 0 S ( 2 0 1 4 ) e1–e180
Results: Sr (40–400 ppm) has a significant effect on cell pro-
liferation and viability. Similarly, 40 and 200 ppm Sr increased
ALP activity at days 7 and 10. High Sr doses (860 and
1720 ppm) inhibited cell viability, proliferation and differenti-
ation remarkably. The expression levels of DSPP, DSP, ALP and
COL-1 were significantly higher in the 200 ppm Sr treatment
group compared with control group on day 5 and 10.
Conclusion: The data presented here provide the first evi-
dence that low concentration Sr (0–400 ppm) significantly
influences dental pulp stem cells behaviour and dentinogene-
sis. High concentration Sr (>860 ppm) induce negative effects.
Therefore Sr is a promising candidate for dental hard tissue
regeneration.
Keywords: Strontium; Dental pulp stem cells; Dentinogenesis
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2014.08.354
P5
Zirconia based vs metal-ceramic single
posterior crowns: A 5-year RCT
A. Llukacej ∗ , C. Monaco, N. Ragazzini, E.
Evangelisti, R. Scotti
University of Bologna, Department of Biomedical
and Motor Neuroscience, Bologna, Italy
Purpose: The aim of this 5-year randomized controlled trial
was to compare the longevity and the clinical behaviour of sin-
gle posterior crowns made with pressable ceramic on zirconia
or metal framework, and if failures occur, to delineate factors
contributing the failures.
Methods and materials: 72 patients (39 women, 33 men),
ranging from 18 to 70 years, who needed the covering of
at least a molar and/or premolar with a single crown were
recruited for this study in the Department of Oral Sciences
of the University of Bologna. 90 randomly distributed single
crowns (45 for the test and 45 for the control group) were made
with zirconia-ceramic (ZirCAD/Zirpress) or metal-ceramic (IPS
d.sign 91/PoM). The randomization was made before start-
ing the clinical trial with Random Allocation Software 1.0. All
patients had a minimum of 20 teeth, had moderate to good
oral hygiene, had low to moderate caries risk and did not have
active periodontal disease. All teeth presented absence of pain
or active periodontal and pulpal disease. The framework was
fabricated using CAD/CAM procedures from pre-sintered zir-
conia blanks; the metal frameworks were realized through
a slip-casting technique. All crowns were luted with RelyX
Unicem. Patients were recalled at 6, 12, 24, 36 and 60 months
post-cementation for a follow-up review. This included peri-
apical radiographs, intraoral photographs, measurement of
periodontal parameters and USPHS modified criteria. Wear of
the antagonist tooth and ceramic was tested using a replica
technique. In case of failures the samples were removed
and underwent SEM and fractographic analyses (Olympus
SV8, Japan). The statistical analysis were performed with the
Kaplan–Mayer method.
Results: 69 patients with 85 crowns were available for
examinations after 60 months. Two chipping of the veneering
ceramic occurred in metal-ceramic crowns, one core fracture
e177
and three chipping in ZirCAD/Zirpress crowns and one teeth
was lost due to root fracture The Kaplan–Mayer survival prob-
ability was 91.1% for all-ceramic and 95% for metal-ceramic
crowns. Regarding the periodontal assessment, there were no
significant changes over the clinical service time of the sin-
gle crowns. Plaque index, bleeding index, and pocket-probing
depth were not significantly different between the test and the
control group. All patients, except one, were satisfied with the
aesthetic of the restoration.
Conclusion: According to the results of this clinical study,
zirconia crowns represent a valid alternative for posterior
restorations. The overpressing technique seems to reduce the
occurrence of chipping of the veneering porcelain.
Keywords: All-ceramic; Zirconia; Porcelain fused to metal
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2014.08.355
P6
Influence of matrix composition in ultra-fast
light curing dental composites
L.D. Randolph ∗ , J.Y. Beauquis, G. Leloup, J.G.
Leprince
Université Catholique De Louvain, Belgium
Purpose: The introduction of Lucirin-TPO (TPO) as a
replacement of the camphorquinone/amine (CQ) system has
been associated with a reduction of curing time along with
improvements in degree of conversion (DC), mechanical
properties and a reduction of monomer elution. These obser-
vations were however made for specific model formulations.
Hence, the objective of this work was to verify this trend
for a larger range of matrix formulations, by characterizing
mechanical properties, monomer elution and free radical pro-
duction in resin-composites.
Methods and materials: Five resin mixtures were made
at 0/100, 20/80, 40/60, 60/40 and 80/20 molar ratios of Bis-
GMA/TegDMA, either prepared with CQ or TPO in equimolar
contents: CQ/DMAEMA (0.20/0.80 wt%) or TPO (0.42 wt%). The
resins were filled at 75 wt%. Light-curing was carried out with
an AURA light engine (Lumencor, USA) with a spectral out-
put specific to each photoinitiator (395–415 nm for TPO or
455–485 nm for CQ). The following sample dimensions were
used: 25 mm × 2 mm × 2 mm bars for 3 points flexural testing
(n = 6), 5 mm × 2 mm × 2 mm bars for electron paramagnetic
resonance analysis (n = 6) and 2 mm-thick disks of 5 mm in
diameter for the elution study (n = 6). TPO-composites were
irradiated for 3 s at 1000 mW/cm2 while CQ-composites were
irradiated for 20 s at 1000 mW/cm2 . 25 mm-long bars required
5 successive irradiations and were stored for a week at 37 ◦ C
in a 75/25 vol% EtOH/H2 O solution prior to testing. Flexural
testing was carried out to determine flexural modulus (E) and
flexural strength (s). BisGMA and TegDMA elution in 75/25 vol%
EtOH/H2 O solution was measured using HPLC after one week.
Allylic and propagating radicals were observed 1 h following
irradiation. Zero-strain viscosities were also determined on
un-cured materials.
Results: All properties evolved parabolically with compo-
sition. Maxima E and s were measured for the 40/60TPO-