HIGHLY

WELCOME
TO THE CHEMISTRY CLASS OF XII !!!
Kapil Gyawali
Orchid Science college
Bharatpur
 CHEMISTRY COURSE OF CLASS XII

A. Course pattern

a) Physical chemistry 57 teaching hours

b) Organic chemistry 75 teaching hours

c) Inorganic chemistry 18 teaching hours

 Marks you can solve from

Examination pattern
a) Physical chemistry 42marks
b) Organic chemistry 64marks
c) Inorganic chemistry 19marks
 The maximum marks you can
solve from the organic portion
is 59 marks.
 What are organic compounds?
What is organic chemistry?

Organic compounds were first defined as:

 Compounds derived directly or indirectly
from plants or animals and their chemistry
was called as organic chemistry
e. g. citric acid from lemon, sucrose from
sugarcane, urea from urine etc.
 It was believed that “Organic
compounds could be produced only
by living organisms , which possess a
special force known as vital force”.
 No effort was made to prepare
organic compound for long time in
the lab.
 Wohler for the first time accidentally
challenged this concept.
By 1850 the concept of vital force
theory failed. It was then redefined
based upon the composition as:
Organic compounds are the
compounds of carbon and organic
chemistry is the chemistry of
carbon. However there are several
exceptions.
For e.g. CO, CO2, CS2, CO3- -,HCO3-,
- - -
CN , SCN , OCN , CaC2 etc.
Thus this concept also had some
 Modern definition

 Binary compounds of carbon and hydrogen are called

as hydrocarbons.
 Organic compounds are the hydrocarbons and their
derivatives. For e,g
methanol
C

Trichloromethane
 SUMMARY
Organic compounds are:
o- Compounds derived from plants
and animals either directly or
indirectly.
o-Compounds of carbon with a few
exceptions.
o- Hydrocarbons and their derivatives.
Tetracovalency of carbon
The mistakes in the above formula
are given below.
i. In the first carbon the bond should be in between
carbon and oxygen.
ii. In the second carbon the letter ‘h’ should be capital.
iii. In the third carbon the letter ‘L’ of CL should be
small and the letter ‘c’ of the third carbon should be
capital.
iv. In the 4th carbon it has only three bonds and the
valency is not satisfied.
v. In the 5th carbon the number 2 of CH2 should be
written as a subscript.
vi. In the 6th carbon it has five bonds, which should be
only four.