Formatted Draft Report Masood Khan

SEMINAR ON INDIAN HABITAT
JHARODA KALAN BLOCK ‘A’

NAZAFGARH NEW DELHI
Submitted by
MASOOD KHAN
B. Arch 3rd year (day)
Guided by
Ar. IQTEDAR ALAM
Ar. ARSHIYA IFTEKHAR AHMED
FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE & EKISTICS

JAMIA MILLIA ISLAMIA
ND-110025
MASOOD KHAN, B. ARCH 4TH YEAR SEMINAR ON INDIAN HABITAT , NAZAFGARH, NEW DELHI 2019-20
CONTENTS page no
1. SYNOPSIS…………………………………………………………………………………………02
2. WHAT IS HABITAT?………………….…………………………….….……….……………03
3. INTRODUCTION OF THE SITE,,,…………………………………………………………04
3.1 LOCATION OF THE SITE………………………………..…………………………….04
3.2 SITE SURROUNDINS……………………………………………………………………05
3.3 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND………………………………………………………..06
3.4 DEMOGRAPHICS………………………………………………………………………..06
4. CLIMATIC ANALYSIS ………………………………………………………………………..07
4.1 WATER SUPPLY……………………………………………………..…..………………08
5. SOURCES OF INCOME……………………………………………………………………...09
6. SOCIAL AND PUBLIC SPACES ………………………………………………………….…11
7. RELIGIOUS PLACES……………………………………………………………………………12
8. RELIGIOUS PLACES……………………………………………………………………………13
9. HABITAT TYPOLOGY………………………………………………………………………….14
10.HABITAT – 1……………………………………………………………………………….……..15
11.HABITAT– 2 ………………………………………………………………………….....……..16
12.HABITAT – 3……………………………………………………………………………………...17
13.CONCLUSION……………………………………………………………………………..………18
14.BIBLIOGRAPHY………………………………………………………………………..…………19
1
FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE AND EKISTICS, JAMIA MILLIA ISLAMIA, NEW DELHI
SYNOPSIS ii
AIM
The aim to study of block ‘A’ rural Nazafgarh, New Delhi is to find out the
historical background, opportunities of establishment of this settlement and the
morphology of that area.
And try to find out the basic needs, resources of earning and relation with the
recreational public areas, public services public employment bodies and
religious places.
OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE

ii ii
• To analyse the formation and the history of that area.

• To study the demographic and cultural pattern of the settlement.
• To identify typology of cluster or dwelling unit.
• To identify services of that area and occupation of habitant.
LIMITATIONS
Due to lack of interest of habitant for primary research data.
• Photography ii
• Interview ii
• Entry into the dwelling unit ii
RATIONALE FOR SELECTION

To study of a rural area of NCT that is near to the Haryana border. So how the
habitant connection to both urban and rural area of Delhi. What are the merits
and demerits of a rural area of NCT and opportunities in NCT area as agricultural
occupations. ii
METHODOLOGY
 Primary data collection – Through site visit , interviews, photography
 Secondary data collection – Books , journals , articles and online reports
 Analysis
 Conclusion
 Final report
2
WHAT IS HABITAT? ii
A habitat (which is Latin for "it inhabits") is an ecological or environmental
area that is inhabited by a particular species of animal, plant or other type of
organism. It is the natural environment in which an organism lives, or the
physical environment that surrounds (influences and is utilized by) a species
population.
Human habitat is the environment in which human beings exist and interact. For
example, a house is a human habitat, where human beings sleep and eat.
(Dickinson, 2020)
RURAL AND URBAN HABITAT
In generally rural area located outside the main city or town area, and the rural
habitant mostly depend on the agricultural occupation for their living. According
to census of India 2011 NCT has 222 villages. There is a important and balanced
linkage in urban and rural area. In NCT through NH8 near masoodpur village,
one side of this road is rural and opposite side is urban. But the diversity of areas
(rural or urban) and of the occupations (agricultural or industrial) has a
important role to developing a country or state, and as well as to make a balance
of humans survive in both urban and rural areas. They ( rural and urban area)
are both complementary for each other.
But there are many differences in life style and in the life quality of a urban and
rural habitant. In rural areas habitants make a habitable settlement, mostly
depending on natural resources without any scientific and planned manner. And
a urban settlement a proper planned in a scientific manner to make easy and a
healthy environment for its habitants.
RURBAN MISSION OF GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
The Government of India has launched the National Rurban Mission which is
being administered by the Ministry of Rural Development and is aimed itowards
making villages smart by stimulating local economic development, enhancing
basic services and creating well-planned Rurban clusters aiming at catalyzing
overall regional growth. The objective is to strengthen the rural areas and to ide-
burden the urban areas for balanced regional development and growth of the
country. The Rurban Mission will help develop a rural-urban continuum by
provisioning for urban infrastructure and services in the rural and peri-urban
areas. (INIDA HABITAT 3, 2016)
3
INTRODUCTION OF THE SITE ii ii ii
LOCATION
The site is located in jharoda kalan block ii‘A’ that is a rural area iof Nazafgarh.
Najafgarh is a town in the South West Delhi district in the National Capital
Territory of Delhi, India. It is one of the three subdivisions of the Southwest Delhi
district. Najafgarh is located at the outskirts of the southwestern part of Delhi
near the Haryana border, a distance of ii29ikilometres ii(18 imiles) from the New
Delhi City Center. It has a mixture of rural and urban populations from Delhi and
Haryana. Due to the presence of ia lot of freehold land, Najafgarh is one of the
fastest developing tehsil ii(sub-district) iin the southwest district of Delhi.
(www.delhi gov.in, 2020)
Figure 1 delhi map ,

Figure- 2 nazafgarh map
Figure- 3 jharoda kalan block A map , google map.com
4
SITE SURROUNDINGS
I
The longer side of the block ‘A’ is attached or running with the CRPF camp of
jharoda kalan, this camp has a important role to giving a earning source for poor
people of this area as servant.
The main Nazafgarh area is 3 km. away from block ‘A’, that is the main market
and is very dens area, But this main Nazafgarh area come in the category of
urban area. This is a block (tehsil) of 52 surrounded villages. The metro station
of Nazafgarh is 3.4 km. away, new anaj mandi is 1.9 km. away from the site.
Haryana border is 1.7 km. away and a attraction point of this area is mitrao
forest that is 1.1 km. away from block ‘A’.
Figure- 4,surrounding ofblock A map , google map.com
Figure-5, mitrao forest Figure-6, nazafgarh market Figure-7, crpf camp
5
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
Najafgarh was named after Mirza Najaf Khan (1723–1782) the commander-in-
chief of the Mughal Army under King Shah Alam II. He marched several
kilometers from the capital of Shahjahanabad to establish a military outpost,
which would guard Delhi against attacks by British, Rohillas and Sikhs. He built a
strong fort, in the suburbs beyond the capital city, and settled a small number
of the Mughal here. That fort was later named Najafgarh.[8] After the death of
Najaf Khan, Najafgarh later became a fortified stronghold of the Rohilla Afghan
chieftain Zabita Khan (b. 1785). (history of jats, 2020)
During the Indian Rebellion of 1857, and as a part of the Siege of Delhi, the Battle
of Najafgarh took place on 25 August 1857 between Indian rebels and British Raj
soldiers. Approximately 800 people were killed. After the defeat of the Mughal
troops in 1857, Delhi came under the control of the British Empire in 1858.
Najafgarh became a part of Delhi district of the Delhi Division of Punjab Province.
Delhi was transferred from the North-Western Provinces (later the United
Provinces) to Punjab by the British Government in 1859.
In 1947, Najafgarh became a part of independent India and fell under the union
territory of Delhi. Najafgarh Assembly Constituency was established in 1993
when the Delhi legislative assembly was re-established after the Constitution
(Sixty-ninth Amendment Act, 1991) came into force. This declared the Union
Territory of Delhi to be formally known as National Capital Territory of Delhi.
Najafgarh is now one of the most populous electoral regions in the National
Capital Region of India (NCR). Najafgarh is surrounded by 70 villages bordering
Haryana. The borders are 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from
the main Najafgarh Market.
DEMOGRAPHICS
As of 2011 india census, the population of najafgarh is 1,365,152. female sex
ratio is of 872 against delhi's average of 868. Moreover, the child sex ratio in
najafgarh is around 832 compared to delhi's average of 871. the majority of the
inhabitants are locals others are from haryana, uttrakhand, punjab, himachal
pradesh, bihar and uttar pradesh. The literacy rate is 88.1%. schedule caste (sc)
constitutes 12.60% of total population in najafgarh. (censusindia gov.in, 2020)
6
CLIMATE ANALYSIS
Delhi is located in the northern part of and has extreme climate situation with
very hot in summers and cold in winters. Most of the months hot and humid
temperature in the capital city. Summers are very hot in the month of mid May
to July following with rainy season in the months of September. Monsoon
season of the city can be predicated as rains can start from august or at the end
of September. Winter season starts from the month of November and ends till
late February. One can experience chilly weather in winters as the city is situated
on the bank of Yamuna river from where heavy winds flow. Delhi’s weather has
continental climate which makes the atmosphere cool in winters and hot in
summers.
Figure- 8, climatic graph of delhi , www hikersbay.com
7
SOIL TYPES
As per the soil formation there four types of soil in NCT Delhi, kohi, dabar, bangar
and khadar. So the soil of the Nazafgarh come into the dabar typology. And
based on the soil texture the soil of Nazafgarh is sandy loam. Nazafgarh drain is
the largest water body of Delhi and has the basin area around 832 sq. km. So
this is a beneficial region for farming.
Figure- 9 , nazafgarh drain
DRINKING WATER SUPPLY

Drinking water supply by Delhi Jal board similar many other Delhi areas free of
cost. Delhi Jal board supply drinking water by water tank moving generally and
also by habitants individual demand on call. And most of them habitant have
own submersible (water boring) but this water is khara and cant use for drinking,
they use it for washing and bathing.
Figure- 10 , delhi jal board water tank
8
SOURCES OF INCOME
1. Employment in government sector
2. Employment in private sector
3. Agriculture
4. Daily wages work in farms and factories
5. Dairy and poultry farms
6. Renting their properties or rooms
Employment in government and private sector
The habitants have various type of earning resources but lesser depend on
agriculture as compare to pure rural area. Because this rural area lies in the NCT
region, so there are some equality in development like urban areas. The literacy
rate is high so resulted some habitants have government job in government and
private school, some in private companies, some in police , and some in army.
Agriculture
But the dependency on agriculture is, around half percent of total habitants.
Land owner lease or rent their farm for farmers they earn through rent. And
farmer earn through selling their farm product like wheat, rice, pulses oilseeds
and some leave crops. And labour who is the lowest or poorest participant of
agricultural system. Who work hard at daily wages, his whole dail routine
depend on this wage. If he could not get one day job by himself or by land owner
or farmer, he or his family face many problems for food and other daily needs.
Figure- 11, cauliflower crop Figure- 12, wheat crop Figure- 13, rice crop
Daily wages work in farms and factories

There are many habitants who work at daily wages in construction field and in
small factories. Some habitants earn by auto and E.rickshaw driving, some
habitants have their own auto or rickshaw and some takes e. rickshaw on rent
in the morning and return it in the evening with the paying charges.
9
Dairy and poultry farms

There are three dairy farm and one poultry farm owning by individuals. It is easy
to start a dairy or poultry farm for a rich land owner or for a rich farmer because
they have own land and agricultural product that required for feeding.
Figure- 13, dairy farm Figure- 14, poultry farm
Renting their properties or rooms

Some more rich habitants of this area who has many properties like farming
land, road side industrial land, and renting shelters. They are well connected and
contacted persons with the both this rural area and attached urban area, they
are builders and developers at a small or medium level. They lease or rent there
farming land for farmers, some small industrialist and provide rooms or shelters
for a poor conditioned labour on rent.
INTERDEPENDENCY OF HABITANT TO THE EARNING RESOURCES
10
SOCIAL AND PUBLIC SPACES

Roads and streets
The shorter side of the block A is attached to the Nazafgarh -Bahadurgarh marg
that is the main approaching road to the block ‘A’. And some other streets and
roads are crossing from this block , inner street system is a horizontally and
vertically streets crossing each other like grid following pattern. That give a easy
access to each other plots and buildings.
Figure- 15 , roads and streets connection, google map
Figure- 16 , street view Figure- 17 , approaching road

from the main road
11
Parks
There is a DDA park in the middle of the block ‘A’ and a community made park
on approach road side.
Figure- 18 , parks location, google map Figure- 19 , DDA park,
Shops and markets

There are a small and daily need shoping facility available, many habitants have
kirana shop in their house. They sell daily need, milk and cold drinks. And for
other necessary items they use urban market of Nazafgarh, which is about 3.5
km away from this block. And some venders move the streets daily and sell
various types of items , like utensils, crockery, clothes, and toys etc.
The farmers sell their whey product in the nearest new anaj mandi which is 1.9
km. from this block. They also store their whey products in their residence for
some months to achieve a good profit. And the farmers export their vegetables
to the other state and in the sabji mandi.
Health service
There is a dispensary in this block. And the nearest hospital is the base hospital
of CRPF. But the poor habitants prefer go to Delhi government hospitals and rich
habitants go to private hospital for treatment.
Community facility
No community space for the habitants in this block there is a DDA park.
Habitants use this park in the morning and evening mostly in summer. Some
habitants use vacant field for their marriage and other functions. By using tent
and some other decoration and some habitants use marriage lawn and hall for
their functions.
12
RELIGIOUS PLACES
The mostly habitants of this area are Hindus and some Muslims and Christian.
There is not any mosque in this block, the Muslim habitants go to the mosque in
other block that .75 km. from this block. There are three small temple in this
block and a big and famous temple is about 4 km. from this block.
Figure- 20 , shree ganes mandir Figure- 21 , masjid in bengali colony
Figure- 22 , location of temple and masjid
13
HABITAT TYPOLOGY
The all habitat of this block a are brick masonry wall and column structure. All
the habitat are construct in the conventional method. But the many habitat
show under construct or incomplete. The all incomplete habitat owned by lower
income group people, they all complete their habitat in many years because of
lack of money. Initially they live in wall structure with teen shade.
Some habitants have a specific space for their occupational use like shelter for
cattle, straw store space, shops and parking space. Mostly habitat are single
room with kitchen, washroom and courtyard, and these all habitat are single
storey.
And some other types of residential units for labour and workers. This types
units have many rooms with only washrooms and a large open area. This types
units owned by rich habitants of this area. They rent their rooms to migrant
labour and workers on a specific charges. Or some businessmen have this types
units to provide their labour and workers.
Typology of habitat
The residences are not in the form of multi floor flat owned by multiple owner.
There are all the residences single or double storey building but owned by single
owner.
1. One BHK residence
2. Two BHK residence
3. Villa
4. Labour quarters
Figure- 23, a street view , showing the residence typology
14
HABITAT – 1
This unit has two bedrooms, kitchen, separate bathroom and toilet with a shop,
this is a single storey unit. The construction is done by load bearing walls without
column. The occupation of this resident is AC. Repairing. The shop used as a
workshop by the habitant. The habitant repair AC. In the workshop and store
some owned second hand AC. For sell.
The shop use as a workshop

by the habitant
Figure- 23 , habitat -1, plan
15
HABITAT – 2
This is a residential unit of a businessman who provide shelter for their labour
and workers. There are only rooms, toilets and common bathing and cooking
area In this type of units. The cooking area rarely used by the residents. For the
bathing and water need there is a boring and a open water tank near the toilets.
The shading is mostly the teen shaded or RCC slab. The open area use for
sleeping in night in summer and for the park the worker thela and owner
vehicles.
Figure- 24 , habitat -2, rooms
Figure- 25 , habitat -2, street view
Figure- 26, habitat -2, plan
16
HABITAT – 3
This is an ex police man’s family residence. There is 5 rooms on ground floor and
two on first floor. There is a space for cattle in the back side of the house and a
attached store room for cattle foods. The residence constructed in corner of a
big plot major part of the plot is open. The one side of the plot is attached to the
road.
Figure- 27, habitat -3, view
kitchen
washroom
Open area
Figure- 28, habitat -3, layout
17
CONCLUSION
The settlement has a large farming surrounded area and also some farming
patches in the middle of the settlement. So the mostly habitant depended on
the agriculture, the habitants related to the agriculture as the land owner,
farmer and as farming labour. The second biggest dependency for earning is
work in various types of company/factory because this area attached to the NCT
area. some of the habitants have small business based on the agriculture
transportation.
The settlement is lie in the NCT area so there are many developing
policy/schemes and availability of good resources for education as compare to
the other states rural areas.
The main thing is to notice that most habitat show incomplete since a long time.
Because the poor habitant earn very less , that is rarely enough to provide basic
needs(food and cloths) their family.
18
Bibliography
(2020, february 4). Retrieved from www.delhi gov.in.
(2020). In K. R. Qanung, & Singh, history of jats. delhi .
(2020, february 10). Retrieved from censusindia gov.in.
Dickinson, C. 1. (2020, MARCH 15). Retrieved from http://environment-ecology.com/.
INDIA, M. G. (2020). INDIA HABITAT 3, 2016. NEW DELHI.
(2016). INIDA HABITAT 3. DELHI.
19

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SEMINAR ON INDIAN HABITAT

JHARODA KALAN BLOCK ‘A’

B. Arch 3rd year (day)

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE & EKISTICS

OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE

• To analyse the formation and the history of that area.

RATIONALE FOR SELECTION

INTRODUCTION OF THE SITE ii ii ii

Figure 1 delhi map ,

Figure- 3 jharoda kalan block A map , google map.com

Figure- 4,surrounding ofblock A map , google map.com

Figure-5, mitrao forest Figure-6, nazafgarh market Figure-7, crpf camp

Figure- 8, climatic graph of delhi , www hikersbay.com

Figure- 9 , nazafgarh drain

DRINKING WATER SUPPLY

Figure- 10 , delhi jal board water tank

Daily wages work in farms and factories

Dairy and poultry farms

Figure- 13, dairy farm Figure- 14, poultry farm

Renting their properties or rooms

INTERDEPENDENCY OF HABITANT TO THE EARNING RESOURCES

SOCIAL AND PUBLIC SPACES

Figure- 15 , roads and streets connection, google map

Figure- 16 , street view Figure- 17 , approaching road

Figure- 18 , parks location, google map Figure- 19 , DDA park,

Shops and markets

Figure- 20 , shree ganes mandir Figure- 21 , masjid in bengali colony

Figure- 22 , location of temple and masjid

Figure- 23, a street view , showing the residence typology

The shop use as a workshop

Figure- 23 , habitat -1, plan

Figure- 24 , habitat -2, rooms

Figure- 25 , habitat -2, street view

Figure- 26, habitat -2, plan

Figure- 27, habitat -3, view

Figure- 28, habitat -3, layout

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