Agilent GC Analyzers Brochure PDF

Analyzer Solutions Guide
for the Energy and Chemical Industry
GENERATE ACCURATE, RELIABLE DATA

TO ENSURE QUALITY AND PRODUCTIVITY
IMPLEMENT NEW GC TECHNOLOGIES
WHEN YOUR COMPANY IS READY FOR THEM
Your business helps fuel the global economy by meeting the

demand for petroleum, natural gas, and biofuel. Success depends
upon safe, reliable, and efficient processes to ensure that
consumers receive a consistent flow of these products.
For decades, Agilent has provided reliable analytical solutions to
help researchers, process managers, and line analysts meet their
measurement challenges. From characterizing raw crude and
natural gas… to monitoring the production of refined chemicals…
to determining the quality of alternative fuels… Agilent and our
Channel Partners supply the most complete portfolio of Analyzers to
the energy and chemical industry.
Agilent energy and chemical analyzers reflect industry standards

and a stringent quality control process
Before installation:
Factory configuration and chemical check-out to “pre-test” analytical performance
F ield installation and performance verification by factory-trained Agilent or
Channel Partner Engineers
Following installation:
Continued support by our application development and design teams as you
work through your analytical challenges
2
Agilent’s energy and chemical analyzers build on our reputation for
hardware excellence and technical expertise
Our solutions range from basic system modifications—such as using chemically inert
materials and specialty columns in systems that quantitate trace contaminants in
petrochemical streams—to complex, multi-valve analyzers that let you characterize
a sample’s diverse components.
On the following pages, you will find Agilent’s complete energy and chemical analyzer
portfolio, including:
• Factory tested, ready-to-use GC analytical solutions developed to meet industry
standards such as ASTM, UOP, EN, and GPA*
• Custom analyzer systems configured and tested to your application’s
pre-determined specifications
• Specific instruments and tools designed, delivered, and supported by Agilent
Channel Partners
Whether you need a ready-to-go configuration or a custom analyzer, Agilent can
help you and your team spend less time on analytical setup and more time producing
outstanding results!
*This guide reports typical quantitation limits for each system configuration. These values may differ from the
absolute reporting limit required by the method.
3
Table of Contents
Interactive file users: click on the titles below to access the appropriate information.
ANALYZER BY REFERENCE................................................................................................................................. 5
ANALYZER BY COMPLIANCE METHOD........................................................................................................... 8
SOLUTIONS FOR REFINERY GAS..................................................................................................................... 11
SOLUTIONS FOR NATURAL GAS..................................................................................................................... 26
SOLUTIONS FOR REFORMULATED FUEL....................................................................................................... 46
SOLUTIONS FOR BIOFUEL/RENEWABLE FUEL........................................................................................... 56
SOLUTIONS FOR LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS........................................................................................... 68
SOLUTIONS FOR TRACE IMPURITIES............................................................................................................. 75
SOLUTIONS FOR SIMULATED DISTILLATION............................................................................................... 85
SOLUTIONS FOR SULFUR AND NITROSAMINE........................................................................................... 90
SOLUTIONS FOR TRANSFORMER OIL GAS................................................................................................... 96
SOLUTIONS FOR GREENHOUSE GAS...........................................................................................................100
SOLUTIONS FROM OUR CHANNEL PARTNERS.........................................................................................105
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for the energy and chemical industry at
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4
ANALYZER BY REFERENCE
Refinery Gas
Analyzer Model Description Configured per Published Method(s)
G3445 #521 3-Channel fast refinery gas analyzer ASTM D1945, ASTM D1946, UOP 539
G3445 #522 3-Channel fast refinery gas analyzer—H2S and COS ASTM D1945, ASTM D1946, UOP 539
G3445 #523 Extended refinery gas analyzer
G3445 #524 Refinery gas analyzer with nickel columns ASTM D1945, ASTM D1946, UOP 539
G3445 #526 Refinery gas analyzer ASTM D1945, ASTM D1946, UOP 539
G3445 #529 3-Channel fast refinery gas including H2S and Oc ASTM D1945, ASTM D1946
G3445 #530 Refinery gas analyzer with H2S and oxygen using hydrogen ASTM D1945, ASTM D1946, UOP 539
as a carrier gas
G3445 #531 High capacity refinery gas analyzer (RGA) with large valve oven ASTM D1945, ASTM D1946, UOP 539
and helium carrier gas for hydrogen sulfide and oxygen
G3445 #532 Fast refinery gas analyzer with large valve oven (LVO) UOP 539
and micropacked columns
G3445 #533 Refinery gas analyzer with large valve oven (LVO) and UOP 539
hydrogen carrier gas for oxygen and H2S
Contact Agilent Refinery gas analyzer: 4-channel Micro GC ASTM D2163, DIN-51666, UOP 59
Natural Gas
G3445 #541 Extended natural gas analyzer to C-12 GPA 2286 (calculation without bridge compounds iC5 and nC5)
G3445 #542 Natural gas analyzer ASTM D1945, GPA 2261 (H2 and He not included)
G3445 #543 Natural gas analyzer ASTM D1945, GPA 2261
G3445 #544 Natural gas analyzer ASTM D1945, GPA 2261
G3445 #545 Natural gas analyzer GPA 2261 (H2 and He not included, without separation of O2 and N2)
G3445 #547 3-Channel natural gas analyzer with extended HC analysis ASTM D1945, GPA 2261
G3445 #548 Extended natural gas analyzer GPA 2286 (calculation with bridge compounds iC5 and nC5)
G3582A #120 Natural gas analyzer A: 2-channel Micro GC ASTM D3588-98, GPA 2172, GPA 2177, ISO 6974-6
G3582A #121 Natural gas analyzer A extended: 3-channel Micro GC ASTM D3588-98, GPA 2172, GPA 2177, ISO 6974-6
G3582A #122 Natural gas analyzer B with H2S: 2-channel Micro GC ASTM D3588-98, GPA 2172, GPA 2177, ISO 6974-6
G3582A #123 Natural gas analyzer B extended with H2S: 3-channel Micro GC ASTM D1945, ASTM D3588-98, GPA 2172, GPA 2177, ISO 6974-6
7890-0110 Liquefied natural gas analyzer GPA 2177
7890-0610 Natural gas analyzer: permanent gases and hydrocarbons
7890-0611 Natural gas analyzer: permanent gas and extended hydrocarbons
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 5
Reformulated Fuel
G3445 #611 Single channel oxygenates and aromatics in fuel analyzer ASTM D4815, ASTM D5580
G3445 #612 Dual parallel channel oxygenates and aromatics in fuel analyzer ASTM D4815, ASTM D5580
G3445 #615 Benzene in gasoline analyzer ASTM D3606
G3445 #616 Aromatics in fuel analyzer ASTM D5580
G3445 #617 Oxygenates and aromatics in gasoline by Deans Switch analyzer EN 12177, EN 13132
G3445 #618 Low level oxygenates in light hydrocarbons by capillary flow technology ASTM D7423
G3445 #621 3-in-1 reformulated fuel analyzer with large valve oven ASTM D3606, ASTM D4815, ASTM D5580
7890-0340 Trace oxygenates in gasoline analyzer ASTM D7754
Biodiesel/Renewable Fuel
G3445 #631 Glycerin in biodiesel analyzer ASTM D6584
G3445 #633 FAME content in biodiesel analyzer EN 14103:2011
G3445 #634 Biodiesel analyzer EN 14105:2011
G3582A #110 Biogas analyzer: 2-channel Micro GC
G3582A #111 Biogas analyzer: 3-channel Micro GC
7890-0295 Biodiesel analyzer for EN 14110:2003 methanol content by HSS-GC EN 14100:2003
M7482A FAMEs in Jet Fuel Analyzer IP 585
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)

7890-0138 LPG composition analyzer with alumina column ASTM D2163, ASTM D2593, ASTM D2712, ASTM D4424
7890-0188 Commercial propane and butane LPG analyzer ISO 7941, EN 27941, and IP 405
7890-0397 Hydrocarbons in liquefied petroleum gases ASTM D2163
Contact Agilent Ethane composition and impurities by Micro GC
Contact Agilent Propane and butane streams by Micro GC
Trace Impurities
G3445 #646 Low CO and CO2 in process gases containing high CH4 analyzer
G3445 #647 Low CO and CO2 in process gas analyzer
7890-0191 2-channel inert impurities in pure chlorine analyzer
7890-0237 Impurities in monomers analyzer by PDHID
7890-0355 Low CO and CO2 in process gases with nickel catalyst (methanizer) bypass
7890-0366 Trace CO and CO2 in hydrogen and light gaseous hydrocarbon analyzer UOP 603
7890-0409 Impurities in ethylene/propylene analyzer by PDHID
M7484AA or M7474AA Impurities in ethylene/propylene by GC/MS
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 6
Simulated Distillation
G3440 #653 Simulated distillation analyzer, boiling range from 55 °C to 538 °C ASTM D2887
G3445 #654 Simulated distillation analyzer, boiling range from 100 °C to 615 °C ASTM D7213 (D2887 extended)
G3445 #655 Simulated distillation analyzer, boiling range from 174 °C to 700 °C ASTM D6352
Sulfur and Nitrosamine

G3445 #661 Sulfur in natural gas/fuel gas analyzer by sulfur chemiluminescence detector ASTM D5504
G3445 #662 Sulfur in fuel/petroleum liquids analyzer by sulfur chemiluminescence detector ASTM D5623, UOP 791
7890-0167 Volatile sulfur analysis ASTM D6228
7890-0460 Nitrosamine in liquids analyzer by nitrogen chemiluminescence detector
Transformer Oil Gas

G3445 #571 Transformer oil gas analyzer (TOGA) ASTM D3612 Method C, headspace sampling
7890-0552 Transformer oil gas analyzer (TOGA) with C4+ backflush and NiCat bypass ASTM D3612 Method C, headspace sampling
Greenhouse Gas
G3445 #561 Greenhouse gas analyzer, headspace sampler optional, CO 0.4 ppm—0.2%
G3445 #562 Greenhouse gas analyzer, CO2 0.4 ppm—20%
G3445 #563 Greenhouse gas analyzer with headspace sampler, CO 0.4 ppm—0.2%
Learn more about Analyzer Solutions for the energy and chemical industry at www.agilent.com/chem/energy
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 7
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ANALYZER BY COMPLIANCE METHOD
ASTM Method Configurations

ASTM D1945 Analyzer Number ASTM D3588-98 Analyzer Number
3-Channel fast refinery gas analyzer G3445 #521 Natural gas analyzer A: 2-channel Micro GC G3582A #120
3-Channel fast refinery gas analyzer—H2S and COS G3445 #522 Natural gas analyzer A extended: 3-channel Micro GC G3582A #121
Refinery gas analyzer with nickel columns G3445 #524 Natural gas analyzer B with H2S: 2-channel Micro GC G3582A #122
Refinery gas analyzer G3445 #526 Natural gas analyzer B extended with H2S: 3-channel G3582A #123
Micro GC
3-Channel fast refinery gas including H2S and O2 with G3445 #529
external oven
ASTM D3606 Analyzer Number
Refinery gas analyzer with H2S and O2 using hydrogen G3445 #530
Benzene in gasoline analyzer G3445 #615
carrier gas
3-in-1 reformulated fuel analyzer G3445 #621
High capacity refinery gas analyzer G3445 #531
Natural gas analyzer G3445 #542 ASTM D3612-C Analyzer Number
Natural gas analyzer G3445 #543 Transformer oil gas analyzer G3445 #571
Natural gas analyzer G3445 #544
3-Channel natural gas analyzer with extended G3445 #547
Single channel oxygenates and aromatics G3445 #611
HC analysis
in fuel analyzer
Natural gas analyzer B with H2S: 3-channel Micro GC G3582A #123
Dual parallel channel oxygenates and aromatics G3445 #612
in fuel analyzer
3-in-1 reformulated fuel analyzer G3445 #621
3-Channel fast refinery gas analyzer G3445 #521
3-Channel fast refinery gas analyzer—H2S and COS G3445 #522 ASTM D5504 Analyzer Number
Refinery gas analyzer with nickel columns G3445 #524 Sulfur analyzer by SCD G3445 #661
Refinery gas analyzer G3445 #526 ASTM D5580 Analyzer Number
3-Channel fast refinery gas including H2S and O2 with G3445 #529 Single channel oxygenates and aromatics G3445 #611
external oven in fuel analyzer
Refinery gas analyzer with H2S and O2 using hydrogen G3445 #530 Dual parallel channel oxygenates and aromatics G3445 #612
carrier gas in fuel analyzer
High capacity refinery gas analyzer G3445 #531 Aromatics in fuel analyzer G3445 #616
ASTM D2163 Analyzer Number 3-in-1 reformulated fuel analyzer G3445 #621
LPG composition analyzer 7890-0138 ASTM D5623 Analyzer Number
Commercial propane and butane LPG analyzer 7890-0188 Sulfur analyzer by SCD G3445 #662
Hydrocarbons in LPG analyzer 7890-0397
Refinery gas analyzer: 4-channel Micro GC Contact Agilent
Volatile sulfur analyzer 7890-0167
Simulated distillation analyzer G3445 #653
Simulated distillation analyzer G3445 #655
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 8
ASTM Method Configurations GPA Method Configurations

ASTM D6584 Analyzer Number GPA 2172 Analyzer Number
Glycerin in biodiesel analyzer G3445 #631 Natural gas analyzer A: 2-channel Micro GC G3582A #120
ASTM D7423 Analyzer Number Natural gas analyzer A: 3-channel Micro GC G3582A #121
Simulated distillation analyzer G3445 #654 Natural gas analyzer B: 2-channel Micro GC G3582A #122
Natural gas analyzer B: 3-channel Micro GC G3582A #123
Low level oxygenates in light hydrocarbons analyzer G3445 #618 GPA 2177 Analyzer Number
with capillary flow technology (CFT)
Liquefied natural gas analyzer 7890-0110
ASTM D7754 Analyzer Number Natural gas analyzer A: 2-channel Micro GC G3582A #120
Trace oxygenates in gasoline analyzer 7890-0340 Natural gas analyzer A: 3-channel Micro GC G3582A #121
DIN Method Configurations Natural gas analyzer B: 3-channel Micro GC
GPA 2261
G3582A #123
Analyzer Number
DIN 51666 Analyzer Number Natural gas analyzer G3445 #542
Refinery gas analyzer: 4-channel Micro GC Contact Agilent Natural gas analyzer G3445 #543
Natural gas analyzer G3445 #544
EN Method Configurations Natural gas analyzer

Natural gas analyzer B: 3-channel Micro GC
G3445 #545
G3582A #123
EN 12177 Analyzer Number
GPA 2286 Analyzer Number
Oxygenates and aromatics in gasoline analyzer G3445 #617
Extended natural gas analyzer G3445 #541
EN 13132 Analyzer Number Extended natural gas analyzer G3445 #548
Oxygenates and aromatics in gasoline analyzer G3445 #617
EN 14103:2011
FAME content in biodiesel analyzer
Analyzer Number
G3445 #633
IP Method Configurations
IP 405 Analyzer Number
EN 14105:2011 Analyzer Number
Commercial propane and butane analyzer 7890-0188
Biodiesel analyzer G3445 #634
IP 585 Analyzer Number
EN 14110:2003 Analyzer Number Jet Fuel Analyzer M7482A
Methanol in biodiesel analyzer 7890-0295
EN 27941 Analyzer Number

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TABLE OF CONTENTS 9
ISO Method Configurations

ISO 6974-6 Analyzer Number
Natural gas analyzer A: 2-channel Micro GC G3582A #120
Natural gas analyzer A: 3-channel Micro GC G3582A #121
ISO 7941 Analyzer Number

UOP Method Configurations

UOP 539 Analyzer Number
3-Channel fast refinery gas analyzer G3445 #521
3-Channel fast refinery gas analyzer—H2S and COS G3445 #522
Refinery gas analyzer with nickel columns G3445 #524
Refinery gas analyzer G3445 #526
3-Channel fast refinery gas analyzer including H2S and O2 G3445 #529
with external oven
carrier gas
High capacity refinery gas analyzer with H2S and O2 using G3445 #531
helium carrier gas
Fast refinery gas analyzer with micropacked columns G3445 #532
carrier gas

Trace CO and CO2 in hydrogen and light 7890-0366
hydrocarbons analyzer

Refinery gas analyzer: 4-channel Micro GC Contact Agilent
Learn more about Analyzer Solutions for the energy and chemical industry at www.agilent.com/chem/energy
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 10
SOLUTIONS FOR REFINERY GAS
Apply the latest GC technologies

without disrupting your application workflow
Refineries use distillation and chemical reactions to convert crude oil into fuel,
lubricants, and feedstock for downstream processes. In recent years, supply-
related performance requirements, together with environmental regulations for
emissions and fuel composition, have rapidly driven new plant designs, as well as
upgrades to existing refineries.
The composition of refinery gases, which arise from cracking and subsequent
distillation, depends on their generating source. Typically, refinery gases contain
saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons (C1-C5), H2, O2, N2, CO, and CO2.
In some instances, C6 or higher hydrocarbons and sulfur contaminants such as
H2S may also be present.
Confidently and precisely analyzing refinery gases is challenging, because the
source and composition of each gas varies considerably. To succeed, refinery gas
analyzers must be able to quickly separate complex mixtures from a broad range
of samples found in refinery and petrochemical streams.
Agilent Refinery Gas Analyzers are complete workflow solutions that put the
latest advances in reproducibility, speed, resolution, and retention into your hands
without the hassles of setup, method development, and validation. Each arrives
fully pre-configured and tested for applications such as fast and extended refinery
gas analysis (RGA) of permanent gases, hydrocarbon content determination
(C1-C5 with C6+ as backflush), and the extended analysis of hydrocarbons in
natural gas to C14.
Learn more about Analyzer Solutions for the energy and chemical industry at
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Solutions for Refinery Gas

Extended Hydrocarbon Full-range Separates Air High Level Handles
Analyzer Number Analysis to C12 /C14 Capacity for H2 (O2 and N2) of H2S Liquefied Samples
G3445 #521 Yes No Yes No No
G3445 #522 Yes No Yes Yes No
G3445 #523 No Yes Yes No No
G3445 #524 No No Yes Yes No
G3445 #526 No No Yes No No
G3445 #531 No Yes Yes Yes No
Contact Agilent for
Yes No Yes Yes Yes
configuration details
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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INTRODUCTION 12
Reference Methods for Refinery Gas:

Quantitation Ranges for Compounds of Interest
ASTM D1945 ASTM D1946 ASTM D2163 UOP 539
Compound mol % mol % mol % mol % GPA 2186 GPA 2286 ISO 6974-6
H2S 0.3 to 30 – 0.1 to 25 – 0.1 to 100 –
O2 0.01 to 20 – 0.1 to 99.9 – 0.005 to 20 0.007 to 5
N2 0.01 to 100 – – 0.005 to 5 0.005 to 100 0.007 to 40
CH4 0.01 to 100 – – 0.001 to 5 0.001 to 100 40 to 100
CO – – – – 0.001 to 1
CO2 0.01 to 20 – – 0.005 to 5 0.005 to 100 0.001 to 10
He 0.01 to 10 – – – – 0.002 to 0.5
H2 0.01 to 10 – – – – 0.001 to 0.5
Ethane 0.01 to 100 – 0.1 and above 0.1 to 99.9 0.001 to 95 0.001 to 100 0.002 to 15
Propane 0.01 to 100 – 0.1 and above 0.001 to 100 0.001 to 100 0.001 to 5
C4 isomers 0.01 to 10 – 0.1 and above 0.001 to 100 0.001 to 10 0.0001 to 1
C5 isomers 0.01 to 2 – 0.1 and above 0.001 to 50 0.001 to 5 0.0001 to 0.5
C6 isomers 0.01 to 2 – – – 0.001 to 30 0.001 to 5 0.0001 to 0.5
C6+ – – – 0.1 to 99.9 – – –
C7+ 0.01 to 1 – – – 0.001 to 30 – –
C7-C8 – – – – – 0.001 to 2 0.0001 to 0.5
C9 – – – – – 0.001 to 2 –
C10-C14 – – – – – 0.001 to 1 –
* This guide reports typical quantitation limits for each system configuration. These values may differ from the absolute reporting limit required by the method.
Note: In the table above the symbol “-“ indicates that this parameter was not specified.
Start reducing the time required to get

your analysts running real world samples.
Visit www.agilent.com/chem/energy
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INTRODUCTION 13
3-Channel Fast Refinery Gas Analyzer

(G3445 #521)
Analyzer Description FID channel
Ethane
Methyl Acetylene
Methane
2-Methyl-2-Butene
Propane
Ethylene
pA
1,3-Butadiene
Configuration:
Propylene
Propadiene
250
c-2-Butene
Acetylene
t-2-Butene
t-2-Pentene
i-Butylene
c-2-Pentene
200
1-Pentene
1-Butene
n-Pentane
n-Butane
• 5-valve/7-column (capillary and
i-Butane
i-Pentane
150
packed), 2-TCD/FID 100
50
C6+
0
Sample type: 1 2 3 4 5 min
• Refinery gas such as atmospheric 2 TCD channel

nd
Carbon Monoxide
overhead, FCC overhead, fuel gas,
Nitrogen
Methane
Carbon Dioxide
recycle gas
Ethane
25 µV
250
Compounds analyzed: 200
Oxygen
150
• C1-C5, C6+ as backflush, H2, He, O2, 100
50
N2, CO2, CO 0
1 2 3 4 5 min
Typical quantification range:
3rd TCD channel
• 0.01 mol% for all above mentioned 25 µV
components 3500
3000
Hydrogen
2500
2000
Configured per method: 1500
1000
• ASTM D1945, ASTM D1946, 500
0
UOP 539 1 2 3 4 5 min
► KEY BENEFITS AND FEATURES

• Three parallel channels with simultaneous detection for complete
refinery gas analysis within 6 minutes
• Optimized columns to allow for faster hydrocarbon and permanent
gas analysis using the same oven temperature program
• Full-range capability for H2 by third TCD using N2 or Argon
carrier gas
• For H2S and COS analysis, order G3445A #522
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INTRODUCTION 14
3-Channel Fast Refinery Gas Analyzer—

H2S and COS (G3445 #522)
Analyzer Description FID channel
Configuration:
Methyl Acetylene
Ethane
Methane
Propane
2-Methyl-2-Butene
pA
Ethylene
1, 3-Butadiene
Propylene
250
Propadiene
c-2-Butene
packed), 2-TCD/FID/nickel tubing,
Acetylene
c-2-Pentene
t-2-Pentene
t-2-Butene
i-Butylene
200
1-Butene
1-Pentene
n-Butane
n-Pentane
i-Butane
i-Pentane
Hastelloy valve
150
100
C6+
50
Sample type: 1 2 3 4 5 min
• Refinery gas, such as atmospheric
overhead, desulfurizer off gas, FCC
overhead, fuel gas, recycle gas
2nd TCD channel
Ethylene+Acetylene
Compounds analyzed:
Carbon Monoxide
Carbon Dioxide
Nitrogen
COS
25 µV
• C1-C5 and C6+ as backflush, H2, He, O2, 6000
Methane
5000
N2, CO2, CO, H2S, COS
Ethane
H 2S
4000
Oxygen
3000
2000
1000
0
Typical quantification range: 2 4 6 8 10 12 min
• 0.01 mol% for all above mentioned
components except H2S and COS
• 500 ppm for H2S
3nd TCD channel
• 300 ppm for COS 25 µV
6000
Hydrogen
Configured per method:

5000
4000
3000
• ASTM D1945, ASTM D1946, 2000

1000
UOP 539
0
2 4 6 8 10 12 min

• Optimized columns to allow faster hydrocarbon and permanent gas
analysis using the same oven temperature program
• Full-range capability for H2 by third TCD using N2 or Argon
carrier gas
• Nickel tubing and Hastelloy valve for high H2S and COS analysis
• O2 may be present but not for quantitation
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INTRODUCTION 15
Extended Refinery Gas Analyzer

(G3445 #523)
n-Dodecane
Analyzer Description
n-Nonane
Methane
pA
n-Heptane
Configuration:
n-Hexane
n-Undecane
5000
n-Octane
n-Decane
packed), TCD/FID
4000
Propane Ethane
Sample type:
i-Butane
3000
n-Butane
• Refinery gas such as atmospheric
i-Pentane Neopentane
overhead, FCC overhead, fuel gas,
2000
recycle gas
n-Pentane
• C1-C12, H2, He, O2, N2, CO2, and CO

0
Typical quantification range: 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 min
• 0.01 mol% for all components 25 µV
Methane
1750
1500 Nitrogen
1250
Ethane
1000
750
Carbon dioxide
500
Oxygen
250
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 min

• PONA column provides extended RGA separation to C14
• Achieve analysis of H2 and He by switching carrier gases
• Argon or N2 carrier used for H2 analysis, use He carrier for remaining
compounds
• For hydrocarbons up to C12, approximately 25 minutes analysis time,
depends on hydrocarbon range
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INTRODUCTION 16
Refinery Gas Analyzer with Nickel Columns

(G3445 #524)
Methane
Nitrogen
25 µV
Front TCD
Carbon Dioxide
Methyl-Acetylene + n-Pentane
1750
Configuration:
1500
• 4-valve (Hastelloy)/5-column (packed),
Carbon Monoxide
1250
2-TCD, plumbed with sulfur-resistant
Propane
2-Methyl + 2-Butene
1000
material
Ethylene
Cycle-Propane
1, 3 Butadiene
Propylene
750
iso-Butene
iso-Butylene
n-Butene
Propadiene
t-2-Pentane
c-2-Pentane
iso-Pentane
t-2-Butene
Pentane-1
c-2-Butene
Oxygen
Ethane
Butylene
n-Hexane
500
Sample type:
250
• Refinery gas, such as atmospheric
0
overhead, FCC overhead, fuel gas, 10 20 30 40 50 min
recycle gas, sour gas
25 µV
Back TCD
• C1-C5 and C6+ as backflush, H2, He, O2, 200
N2, CO2, CO, H2S, COS 100
Hydrogen
Typical quantification range: 0
Helium
• 0.01 mol% for all above mentioned -100
components except H2S -200
• 500 ppm for H2S 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 min

• ASTM D1945, ASTM D1946,
GPA 2231 ► KEY BENEFITS AND FEATURES
• Dual TCD channels
• Plumbed with sulfur-resistant material including nickel columns and
plumbing and Hastelloy valves for sour gas analysis
• Rugged packed columns
• Dedicated channel for He and H2
• Approximate 20 minute analysis time
• Hardware configuration same as G3445 #526
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INTRODUCTION 17
Refinery Gas Analyzer

(G3445 #526)
Methane
Nitrogen
25 µV
Front TCD
Carbon Dioxide
Methyl-Acetylene + n-Pentane
1750
Configuration:
1500
• 4-valve/5-column (packed), 2-TCD
Carbon Monoxide
1250
Propane
2-Methyl + 2-Butene
1000
Sample type:
Ethylene
Cycle-Propane
1, 3 Butadiene
Propylene
750
iso-Butene
iso-Butylene
n-Butene
Propadiene
t-2-Pentane
c-2-Pentane
iso-Pentane
t-2-Butene
Pentane-1
c-2-Butene
Oxygen
Ethane
Butylene
n-Hexane
500
overhead, FCC overhead, fuel gas, 250
recycle gas 0
10 20 30 40 50 min
Compounds analyzed:
• C1-C5, C6+ as backflush, H2, He, O2, 25 µV
N2, CO2, CO 300
Back TCD
200
100
• 0.01 mol% for all components
Hydrogen
0
Helium
Configured per method: -100
• ASTM D1945, ASTM D1946, -200

UOP 539
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 min

• Full-range capability for He and H2
• 55 minute analysis time
• To analyze samples containing high levels of H2S, please order
G3445 #526
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INTRODUCTION 18
3-Channel Fast Refinery Gas Analyzer including H2S and O2

with External Oven (G3445 #529)
Analyzer Description FID Channel
Propylene
Methane
Ethylene
Propane
Ethane
Propadiene
pA
Configuration:
Propyne
800
1,3-Butadiene
t-2-Butene
c-2-Butene
n-Butane
• 5-valve/1-sample shut-off valve
i-Butane
1-Butene
700
i-Butene
Acetylene
(optional)/external oven/7-column
2-Methyl-2-butene
600
t-2-Pentene
n-pentane
c-2-Pentene
1-Pentene
500
(PLOT, packed, micro-packed),
i-Pentane
400
2-TCD/FID 300
n-Hexane
200
Sample type: 100
• Refinery gas such as atmospheric 0
overhead, FCC overhead, fuel gas, 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 min
recycle gas
Compounds analyzed: 2nd TCD Channel

N2
25 µV
• C1-C5, C6+, H2, He, O2, N2, CO2, CO, 800
Methane
700
CO2
H2S
Ethane
600
Ethylene
500
400
• 0.01 mol% for all above mentioned 300
components except H2S 200
CO
O2
100
H2S
• 500 ppm for H2S
0
Configured per method: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 min

UOP 539
• Three parallel channels with simultaneous detection provides a
comprehensive, fast analysis of refinery gas with one injection in
8 minutes
• External oven is used for permanent gas analysis including H2S
and O2 at isothermal temperature
• Sample shut-off valve (optional)
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INTRODUCTION 19
3-Channel Fast Refinery Gas Analyzer with H2S and O2 using

Hydrogen and Nitrogen Carrier Gas (G3445 #530)
ethane
methane
methyl acetylene
pA
propane
2-methyl-2-butene
ethylene
350
1,3-butadiene
propadiene
propylene
300
acetylene
c-2-butene
t-2-butene
Configuration: 250
i-butylene
t-2-pentene
c-2-pentene
n-pentane
n-butane
1-butene
1-pentene
i-pentane
i-butane
200
150
• 5-valve/external oven/7-column 100
C6+
50
(capillary, packed, micro-packed), 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 min
2-TCD/FID, nickel tubing,
nitrogen
Hastelloy valve 25 µV
6000
5000
Sample type: 4000
3000
oxygen
2000
CO2
1000
CO
overhead, desulfurizer off gas, FCC 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 min
hydrogen
Compounds analyzed: 25 µV
• C1-C5, C6+ as backflush, H2, O2, N2, 800
600
CO2, CO, H2S 400
200
0
Typical quantification range: -200
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 min
components except H2S
• 500 ppm for H2S
• ASTM D1945, ASTM D1946, • Three parallel channels with simultaneous detection for complete
UOP 539 refinery gas analysis within 13 minutes
• External oven for Micropacked columns allows independent
hydrocarbon and permanent gas analysis
• Full-range capability for H2 by third TCD using N2 carrier gas
• Nickel tubing and Hastelloy valve for resistance to sulfur corrosion
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INTRODUCTION 20
3-Channel High Capacity Refinery Gas Analyzer with Large Valve

Oven and Helium Carrier for H2S and O2 (G3445 #531)
methyl acetylene
Analyzer Description pA
ethylene ethane
1,3-butadiene
2-methyl-2-butene
methane
400
n-pentane
c-2-butene
i-butylene
i-pentane
t-2-butene
propane
350
1-butene
t-2-pentene
c-2-pentene
300
1-pentene
propylene
250
propadiene
Configuration: 200
acetylene
n-butane
i-butane
150
100
• 3-valve/large valve oven/5-column 50
C6+
0
(PLOT, packed), 2-TCD/FID, nickel 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 min
tubing, Hastelloy valve
nitrogen
acetylene (not quantitated)
ethylene (not quantitated)
ethane (not quantitated)

25 µV
C1 (not quantitated)
2000
Sample type: 1500
1000
oxygen
500
CO2
overhead, desulfurizer off gas, FCC 0
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 min
hydrogen
600
0

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 min
• 500 ppm for H2S ► KEY BENEFITS AND FEATURES
• 300 ppm for COS
Configured per method: refinery gas analysis within 17 minutes
UOP 539 • Large valve oven (LVO) for packed columns allows independent
hydrogen, hydrocarbon, and permanent gas analysis
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INTRODUCTION 21
3-Channel Fast Refinery Gas Analyzer with Large Valve Oven and
Micropacked Columns for H2S and O2 (G3445 #532)
2-methyl-2-butene
ethane
i-pentane c-2-butene
t-2-butene
methyl acetylene
methane
i-butylene
pA
1-butene
propane
400
ethylene
t-2-pentene
c-2-pentene
1,3-butadiene
propadiene
propylene
1-pentene
350
300
acetylene
250
n-butane
n-pentane
i-butane
Configuration: 200
150
100
C6+
• 3-valve/large valve oven/ 50
0
4-column (PLOT, micro-packed), 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 min
2-TCD/FID, nickel tubing, 25 µV
nitrogen
8000
Hastelloy valve 7000
6000
5000
4000
oxygen
3000
Sample type:
CO2
2000
CO
1000
0
• Refinery gas such as atmospheric 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 min
overhead, desulfurizer off gas, FCC 25 µV
hydrogen
600
overhead, fuel gas, recycle gas 400
200
• C1-C5, C6+ as backflush, H2, He, O2,

-200
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 min
N2, CO2, CO, H2S, COS

• 0.01 mol% for all above mentioned ► KEY BENEFITS AND FEATURES
• 500 ppm for H2S
• 300 ppm for COS
• Large valve oven (LVO) for Micropacked columns allows independent
Configured per method: hydrogen, hydrocarbon, and permanent gas analysis
• UOP 539
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INTRODUCTION 22
3-Channel Fast Refinery Gas Analyzer with Large Valve Oven

and Hydrogen Carrier Gas for H2S and O2 (G3445 #533)
ethane
2-methyl-2-butene
i-pentane c-2-butene
t-2-butene
methane
methyl acetylene
i-butylene
pA
propane
1-butene
400
ethylene
t-2-pentene
c-2-pentene
1,3-butadiene
350
propylene
1-pentene
propadiene
300
acetylene
Configuration:
n-butane
250
n-pentane
i-butane
200
150
• 3-valve/large valve oven/ 100
C6+
50
0
4-column (PLOT, micro-packed), 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 min
2-TCD/FID, nickel tubing,
Hastelloy valve
nitrogen
25 µV
8000
7000
6000
Sample type: 5000
4000
oxygen
3000
• Refinery gas such as atmospheric 2000
CO2
1000
CO
0
overhead, desulfurizer off gas, FCC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 min
overhead, fuel gas, recycle gas hydrogen
25 µV
600

-200
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 min
• 500 ppm for H2S
• 300 ppm for COS • Three parallel channels with simultaneous detection for complete
• UOP 539 • Large valve oven (LVO) for Micropacked columns allows independent
hydrogen, hydrocarbon, and permanent gas analysis
• Hydrogen carrier gas for hydrocarbon and permanent gas analysis
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INTRODUCTION 23
Refinery Gas Analyzer:

4-Channel Micro GC (Contact Agilent)
Analyzer Description 1
Configuration:
• Four channel Micro GC
- Channel 1: CP-molsieve 5Å
with backflush Peak Identification
1. hydrogen
- Channel 2: CP-PoraPLOT U 4 2. oxygen
with backflush 3. nitrogen
- Channel 3: Alumina oxide 4. methane
5. carbon monoxide
with backflush
- Channel 4: CP-Sil 5 CB
3
Sample type: 2 5
• Refinery, high-pressure refinery,
20 40 60 80 100 120
and liquefied refinery gases Seconds
- Fluid coking overheads
10 meter molsieve 5Å column with BF
- Ethylene/propylene
- Fuel gases
- Stack gases
- Off gases 7
Compounds analyzed:
• C1-C5+
Peak Identification
• H2, He, O2, N2, CO2, CO 6. carbon dioxide
7. ethylene
6 8. ethane
Typical quantification range: 9. acetylene
• 1-10 ppm 8 10. hydrogen sulfide
9
• UOP 59, DIN-51666, ASTM D2163
15 25 35
Seconds
10 meter PLOT U column with BF

(Continued)
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INTRODUCTION 24
Peak Identification
11. propane 21. cis-2-butene
11 12. cyclopropane 22. i-pentane
18 13. propylene 23. n-pentane
14. acetylene 24. methylacetylene
15. i-butane 25. 1,3-butadiene
19 16. 1,2-propadiene 26. trans-2-pentene
20
21 24 17. n-butane 27. 1-pentene
18. trans-2-butene 28. 2-methyl-2-butene
19. 1-butene 29. cis-2-pentene
20. i-butylene
25
22 23
13
14 26 27 29
28
15
16 Our team is ready to work with
zoom
17 you to produce a solution for
12 your unique analytical challenges.
0 30 60 90 120 150 For more information, visit
Seconds www.agilent.com/chem/energy
10 meter AI2O3/KCI column (special with short pre-column)
Peak Identification
30. n-hexane
31. n-heptane
32. n-octane
33 33. n-nonane
34 34. n-decane
30
31 zoom
32
0 30 60 90 120
Seconds
6 meter CP-Sil 5 CB

• Optimized for the rapid analysis of natural gas composition
in 150 seconds
– Characterizes hydrocarbons C1-C10, carbon dioxide and
air concentrations
• Preconfigured with analytical method
– Injection parameters
– Analytical parameters
• Excellent repeatability: RSD 0.5%
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INTRODUCTION 25
SOLUTIONS FOR NATURAL GAS
Quickly and reliably determine

composition and calorific value
Natural gas is widely used for heating buildings, generating electricity, and
providing needed power for industrial processes.
This naturally occurring mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons consists primarily of
methane, but can also include other hydrocarbons (C1-C4 chain length), as well
as small amounts of impurities, such as O2, N2, CO2, H2, He, and sulfur-containing
hydrocarbons.
Before it can be sold, natural gas must meet specifications for calorific value and
purity; accordingly, collection, processing, transmitting, and distribution demands
an array of analytical capabilities. Production by-products—such as ethane,
propane, butanes, pentanes and hydrogen sulfide—must also be characterized
prior to use in downstream processes.
Agilent Natural Gas Analyzers measure permanent gases and hydrocarbon
content (C1-C5 with C6+ as backflush), and perform extended analysis of
hydrocarbons in natural gas to C14. These factory-configured, chemically tested
GC analyzers help you evaluate the chemical composition of natural gas, natural
gas liquids, and by-products that result from processing.
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Solutions for Natural Gas

Extended Hydrocarbon Full-range Separates Air High Level Handles
Analyzer Number Analysis to C12 /C14 Capacity for H2 (O2 and N2) of H2S Liquefied Samples
G3445 #542 No No Yes No No
G3445 #544 No No Yes Yes No
G3445 #545 No No No No No
G3582A #120 Yes No No No Optional
G3582A #121 Yes No No No Optional
G3582A #122 No No No Yes Optional
G3582A #123 No No Yes Yes Optional
7890-0110 No No No No Yes
7890-0610 No No Yes No Yes
7890-0611 Yes No Yes No Yes (with optional LSV)
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INTRODUCTION 27
Reference Methods for Natural Gas:

H2S 0.3 to 30 – 0.1 to 25 – 0.1 to 100 –
O2 0.01 to 20 – 0.1 to 99.9 – 0.005 to 20 0.007 to 5
N2 0.01 to 100 – – 0.005 to 5 0.005 to 100 0.007 to 40
CH4 0.01 to 100 – – 0.001 to 5 0.001 to 100 40 to 100
CO – – – – 0.001 to 1
CO2 0.01 to 20 – – 0.005 to 5 0.005 to 100 0.001 to 10
He 0.01 to 10 – – – – 0.002 to 0.5
H2 0.01 to 10 – – – – 0.001 to 0.5
C6+ – – – 0.1 to 99.9 – – –
C7+ 0.01 to 1 – – – 0.001 to 30 – –
C7-C8 – – – – – 0.001 to 2 0.0001 to 0.5
C9 – – – – – 0.001 to 2 –
C10-C14 – – – – – 0.001 to 1 –
* T his guide reports typical quantitation limits for each system configuration. These values may differ from the absolute reporting limit required by the method.
Can't find your application?

Agilent Technologies can configure
custom solutions to meet your
analytical requirements!
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INTRODUCTION 28
Extended Natural Gas Analyzer to C-12

(G3445 #541)
Ethane Methane
Neopentane
n-Undecane
n-Dodecane
pA
n-Heptane
n-Butane
n-Nonane
n-Decane
n-Hexane
i-Butane
n-Octane
Propane
Configuration: 5000
4000
3000
packed), TCD/FID
n-Pentane
i-Pentane
2000
1000
Sample type:
0
• Natural gas and similar 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 min
gaseous mixtures
Compounds analyzed:
Methane
25 µV
• C1-C12, O2, N2, CO2, CO 5000
4000
Nitrogen
Ethane
• 50 ppm for permanent gases 2000

Oxygen
and C1-C2 hydrocarbons on TCD 1000

0
• 10 ppm for C3-C12 on FID 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 min

• Results per GPA 2286, but calculation
without bridge components iC5 ► KEY BENEFITS AND FEATURES
and nC5
• Dual channels with TCD and FID detectors
• TCD channel with packed column for C1-C2, O2, N2, CO2 analysis
• C3-C12 hydrocarbons separated on PONA column and measured
on FID
• Adapt to liquefied natural gas by adding additional liquid
sampling valve
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INTRODUCTION 29
Natural Gas Analyzer

(G3445 #542)
25 µV
Methane
Propane
900
Configuration: 800
Ethane
Nitrogen
• 3-valve/4-column (packed), TCD 700
Sample type: 600
iso-Butane
• Natural gas and similar
n-Butane
500
gaseous mixtures 400
Carbon Dioxide
Compounds analyzed*:
iso-Pentane
300
n-Pentane
• C1-C5, C6+ as backflush
C6+
200
Oxygen
• O2, N2, CO2, CO 100

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

• ASTM D1945, GPA 2261 (H2 and He ► KEY BENEFITS AND FEATURES
are not included)
• Single TCD channel
• Software provided for natural gas calculations per GPA 2261
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INTRODUCTION 30

(G3445 #543)
Analyzer Description 25 µV
Propane
1200
Methane
Nitrogen
1000
Ethane
iso-Butane
Carbon Dioxide
Configuration:
n-Butane
800
iso-Pentane
• 4-valve/6-column (packed), 2-TCD
n-Pentane
600
Oxygen
400
C6+
Sample type: 200
0
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 min
gaseous mixtures
Compounds analyzed:
25 µV
• C1-C5, C6+ as backflush 800
Helium
• H2, He, O2, N2, CO2, CO 600

Backflush
Hydrogen
400
• 0.01 mol% for all components 0
-200
Configured per method: 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 min
• ASTM D1945, GPA 2261

• Dedicated channel for H2 and He analysis
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INTRODUCTION 31

(G3445 #544)
Methane
25 µV
Configuration:
4000
• 3-valve/4-column (packed), TCD
Propane
3000 H2 S area
Sample type:
iso-Butane
n-Butane
Ethane
2000
Nitrogen
gaseous mixtures
iso-Pentane
n-Pentane
1000
Oxygen
Compounds analyzed:
C6+
CO2
• C1-C5, C6+ as backflush 0
0 5 10 15 20 25 min
• O2, N2, H2S, CO2, CO

• 0.01 mol% for all components except ► KEY BENEFITS AND FEATURES
H2S
• Single TCD channel
• 500 ppm for H2S
• ASTM D1945, GPA 2261
• Software provided for natural gas calculations per GPA 2261
• Similar to G3445 #542 but with hardware to allow H2S analysis
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INTRODUCTION 32

(G3445 #545)
Methane
Configuration:
• 1-valve/2-column (packed), TCD
Ethane
Sample type:
Nitrogen/oxygen
gaseous mixtures
Propane
Compounds analyzed:
Carbon dioxide
• C1-C5, C6+ as backflush
iso-Butane
n-Butane
iso-Pentane
• Air composite
n-Pentane
• CO2
C6+

Configured per method: ► KEY BENEFITS AND FEATURES

• GPA 2261 (H2 and He is not included,
without separation of O2 and N2) • Single TCD channel
• Simple and low cost solution for light hydrocarbon analysis
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INTRODUCTION 33
3-Channel Enhanced Hydrocarbon Natural Gas Analyzer

(G3445 #547)
Front TCD/FID
Propane
Configuration: Methane
• 4-valve/6-column (packed),
2-TCD/FID Ethane
iso-Butane N2
Sample type:
• Natural gas and similar n-Butane
gaseous mixtures
iso-Pentane n-Pentane CO2 O2
C 6+
Compounds analyzed:
• C1-C5, C6+
• H2, He, O2, N2, CO2, CO H2
He
Back TCD
• 10 ppm for hydrocarbons (FID)
• 0.01 mol% for all permanent gases

• ASTM D1945, GPA 2261

• Dual TCD and FID for enhanced hydrocarbon sensitivity
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INTRODUCTION 34
Extended Natural Gas Analyzer

(G3445 #548)
25 µV
Methane
TCD
Configuration:
Ethane
5000
• 4-valve/3-column (packed,
Propane
4000
capillary), TCD/FID
Nitrogen
iso-Butane
3000
n-Butane
Sample type:
Carbon dioxide
iso-Pentane
2000
n-Pentane
Oxygen
gaseous mixtures 1000
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 min
• C1-C5
• N2, O2, CO2 pA
8000
• 50 ppm for permanent gases and FID
6000
C1-C5 (TCD) 5000
• 10 ppm for C5-C6 (FID) 4000
iso-Butane
n-Butane
3000
iso-Pentane

n-Pentane
2000
Hexane
• GPA 2286 1000

0
34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 min

• 2-channel with TCD and FID detectors
• Fixed gases and hydrocarbons up to C5 on packed columns and
thermal conductivity detector
• Hydrocarbons from C5 to C14 are analyzed on a capillary column
and a flame ionization detector
• The pentanes are used as ‘bridging’ compounds for calculations
per GPA 2286
• Software supplied to generate a data report per GPA 2286
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INTRODUCTION 35
Natural Gas Analyzer A: 2-Channel Micro GC (G3582A #120)

Analyzer Description 2 Conditions eak Identification
P
Column temperature: 60 °C 1. composite air peak
Carrier gas: helium, 260 kPa 2. methane
Configuration: Injection time: 40 ms 3. carbon dioxide
• 2-channel Micro GC 1 4 4. ethane
- Channel 1: HayeSep A 5 5. propane
3
Sample type:
• Natural gas and liquefied*
natural gas 20 × Zoom
200 × Zoom
Compounds analyzed:
3 4 5
• Hydrocarbons C1-C9
0 30 60 90 120
• Carbon dioxide and Air Seconds
Channel 1: HayeSep A
• 1-10 ppm
Conditions eak Identification
P
Column temperature: 70 °C 1. propane
56 Carrier gas: helium, 150 kPa 2. i-Butane
• ASTM D3588-98, GPA 2177, Injection time: 40 ms 3. n-Butane
GPA 2172, ISO 6974-6 4. neo-Pentane
5. i-Pentane
7 6. n-Pentane
8 9 7. n-Hexane
* Injection of liquefied samples, e.g., LPG and LNG,
8. n-Heptane
require use of a microgasifier 20 × Zoom 9. n-Octane
23 10. n-Nonane
4
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210

Seconds
Channel 2: CP-Sil 5 CB 10
9
100 × Zoom
160 220 280 340 400
Seconds

in 210 seconds
– Characterizes hydrocarbons C1-C9, carbon dioxide and
air concentrations
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INTRODUCTION 36
Natural Gas Analyzer A Extended:

3-Channel Micro GC (G3582A #121)
Analyzer Description 2 Conditions eak Identification
P
Column temperature: 90 °C 1. composite airpeak
Configuration: 4
Injection time: 20 ms 3. carbon dioxide
• 3-channel Micro GC Backflush time: 12 s 4. ethane
- Channel 1: HayeSep A 5. propane
with Backflush 3
5
with Backflush 1
20 × Zoom 100 × Zoom
Sample type:
• Natural gas and liquefied 4
3 5
natural gas
0 30 60 90 120
Compounds analyzed: Seconds
• Hydrocarbons C1-C12 Channel 1: HayeSep A with Backflush
• Carbon dioxide and air
Typical quantification range: Conditions eak Identification

P
• 1-10 ppm Carrier gas: helium, 150 kPa 2. i-Butane
2 3 Injection time: 40 ms 3. n-Butane
Configured per method: Backflush time: 12 s 4. neo-Pentane
5. i-Pentane
• ASTM D3588-98, GPA 2177, 6. n-Pentane
GPA 2172, ISO 6974-6
4 5 6
1
20 × Zoom
10 20 30
Seconds
Channel 2: CP-Sil 5 CB with Backflush
(Continued)
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INTRODUCTION 37

P
Column temperature: 150 °C 1. n-Hexane
Carrier gas: helium, 200 kPa 2. n-Heptane
Injection time: 40 ms 3. n-Octane
4. n-Nonane
4 5. n-Decane
1 5
5 × Zoom
2
3
4 5
0 30 60 90 120
Seconds
eak Identification
P
2
1. n-Hexane Robust and reliable:
3 2. n-Heptane
1
3. n-Octane
Agilent lets you choose from more
4 4. n-Nonane than 100 factory-tested GC instrument
5 5. n-Decane
6. n-Undecane
configurations and analyzers—
6 7
7. n-Dodecane all application pre-tested to run
0 60 120 180 240 according to industry standards
Seconds
such as ISO, ASTM, EPA, USP,
Channel 3: CP-Sil 5 CB
CEN, UOP, and GPA.

in 240 seconds
– Characterizes hydrocarbons C1-C12, carbon dioxide
and air concentrations
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B
INTRODUCTION 38
Natural Gas Analyzer B with H2S:

P
2
Analyzer Description Column temperature: 80 °C 1. composite air peak
4 Injection time: 40 ms 3. carbon dioxide
Configuration: Backflush time: 17 s 4. ethane
1 5. hydrogen sulfide
• 2-channel Micro GC 6. propane
5 6
- Channel 1: PoraPLOT U Backflush 3
Sample type:
• Natural gas and liquefied 10 × Zoom
100 × Zoom
natural gas
3 4
5 6
Compounds analyzed:
15 30 45 60 75
• Hydrocarbons C1-C9 Seconds
• Carbon dioxide and Air Channel 1: PoraPLOT U Backflush
• H2S Conditions eak Identification

P
Typical quantification range: 1 Carrier gas: helium, 150 kPa 2. i-Butane
56 Injection time: 40 ms 3. n-Butane
• 1-10 ppm
4. neo-Pentane
5. i-Pentane
Configured per method: 6. n-Pentane
• ASTM D3588-98, GPA 2177, 7
7. n-Hexane
8. n-Heptane
GPA 2172, ISO 6974-6 8 9 9. n-Octane
10. n-Nonane
20 × Zoom
23
4
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210

Seconds
10
9
100 × Zoom
160 220 280 340 400
Seconds
Channel 2: CP-Sil 5 CB

• Optimized for the rapid analysis of natural gas composition in
210 seconds
– Characterizes hydrocarbons C1-C9, carbon dioxide and air
concentrations
■
ACK TO
B – Analytical parameters
TABLE OF CONTENTS
■
ACK TO Natural Gas
B
INTRODUCTION 39
Natural Gas Analyzer B Extended with H2S:

Sample 1 eak Identification
P
Analyzer Description Conditions 5 1. helium
Column temperature: 80 °C 2. neon
Carrier gas: helium, 200 kPa 4 6 3. hydrogen
Configuration: Injection time: 40 ms 4. oxygen
5. nitrogen
• 3-channel Micro GC Backflush time: 11 s
5 × Zoom 6. methane
Backflush
- Channel 2: PoraPLOT U Backflush
Sample 2 3
- Channel 3: CP-Sil 5 CB 6
Conditions
Column temperature: 80 °C 1
Sample type: Carrier gas: argon, 200 kPa 2 4 5
Injection time: 40 ms
• Natural gas and liquefied Backflush time: 11 s
natural gas 20 × Zoom
Compounds analyzed:
• Hydrocarbons C1-C9 0 15 30 45 60 75
Seconds
• Carbon dioxide and Air Channel 1: CP-molsieve 5Å Backflush
• H2S
• N2, O2, He and H2 2 Conditions eak Identification
P
Column temperature: 60 °C 1. composite air peak
Typical quantification range: Carrier gas: helium, 175 kPa 2. methane
4 Injection time: 40 ms 3. carbon dioxide
• 1-10 ppm Backflush time: 17 s 4. ethane
1 5. hydrogen sulfide
Configured per method: 6. propane
5 6
• ASTM D3588-98, GPA 2261, 3
GPA 2177, GPA 2172, ISO 6974-6,
ASTM D1945
10 × Zoom
100 × Zoom
4
3 6
5
15 30 45 60 75
Seconds
Channel 2: PoraPLOT U Backflush
(Continued)
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INTRODUCTION 40
eak Identification
P
1
56 1. propane
2. i-Butane
3. n-Butane
4. neo-Pentane
7 5. i-Pentane
8 9 6. n-Pentane
7. n-Hexane
20 × Zoom 8. n-Heptane
23 9. n-Octane
4
10. n-Nonane
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210

Seconds Agilent solutions significantly
9
10 reduce your time from system
100 × Zoom
arrival to final validation. With
160 220 280 340 400
pre-configured hardware and method-
Seconds specific separation tools, your analysts
Channel 3: CP-Sil 5 CB can focus on calibration and validation
per your laboratory’s SOPs.

in 210 seconds
– Characterizes hydrocarbons C1-C9, carbon dioxide
and air concentrations
• Optional report for calorific value
• Dual carrier gas for optimal detection
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B
INTRODUCTION 41
Liquefied Natural Gas Analyzer

(7890-0110)
25 µV
Methane
Configuration: 2000
• 1-valve/1-liquid valve/2-column
(packed)/TCD
1500
Sample type:
• Natural gas and similar gaseous
Air
1000
mixtures; liquefied natural gas
Ethane
Carbon Dioxide
Propane
iso-Butane
Compounds analyzed:
iso-Pentane
500
n-Butane
n-Pentane
• C1-C5
C6+
• C6+ as backflush 0
2.5 5 7.5 10 12.5 15 17.5 20 min
• Air composite, CO2

• 0.01 mol% for all components ► KEY BENEFITS AND FEATURES
Configured per method: • Single TCD channel
• GPA 2177 • Rugged packed columns
• Simple and lowest cost
• Liquid sample valve for liquefied natural gas
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INTRODUCTION 42
Permanent Gas and Hydrocarbons in Natural Gas Analyzer

(7890-0610)
25 µV
Methane
Configuration: 700
• 1-valve/2-column (capillary), 2-TCD

600
Sample type:
500
• Natural gas and similar process
gas mixtures 400
• C1-C6
200
• N2, O2, CO, CO2, H2S
Nitrogen
Oxygen
100
• 0.01 mol% for all components except 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 min
H2S Permanent gases in natural gas
• 0.05 mol% for H2S 25 µV
140
Ethane
Propane
120
n-Butane
100
iso-Butane
80
n-Pentane
Carbon Dioxide
iso-Pentane
60
Hexane
40
20
1 2 3 4 5 6 min
Hydrocarbons (to C6) in natural gas

• Capillary columns with Deans Switch and dual TCD
• Easy maintenance
• H2S analysis
■ ACK TO
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
• O2 and N2 separation
•H
andles gas and liquefied gases (with optional LSV)

B
INTRODUCTION 43
Natural Gas Analyzer: Permanent Gas and

Extended Hydrocarbons (7890-0611)
25 µV
Methane
Configuration: 700
• 1-valve/3-column (packed)/TCD
600
(2)/FID
500
Sample type:
• Natural gas and similar process 400
gas mixtures
300
• Liquefied Gas with optional LSV
200
Compounds analyzed:
Nitrogen
• C1-C15
Oxygen
100
• O2, N2, CO2, CO and H2S

1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 min
Typical quantification range: Permanent gases in natural gas
• 0.01 mol% for all components 25 µV

except H2S
140
• 0.05 mol% except H2S
Ethane
Propane
120
n-Butane
100
iso-Butane
80
n-Pentane
Carbon Dioxide
iso-Pentane
60
Hexane
40
20
1 2 3 4 5 6 min
Hydrocarbons (to C6) in natural gas
(Continued)
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INTRODUCTION 44
pA
10000
8000
6000
4000
Agilent analyzers help extend
the analytical capabilities of
your laboratory. Customization
2000 through the addition of a liquid
sampling valve has expanded natural
0
gas analyzers to include liquefied gas
4 6 8 10 12 14 16 min samples. To find out more, visit
Extended Hydrocarbons (to C15) in real world liquefied gas sampled, peaks unlabelled www.agilent.com/chem/energy

•C
apillary columns with Deans Switch/dual TCD/FID
• Easy maintenance
• 5 minute analysis time for permanent gases
• 20 minute analysis time for hydrocarbons to C15
• H2S analysis
• O2 and N2 separation
• Handles gas and liquefied gases (with optional LSV)
• F or permanent gases and hydrocarbons to C6 in natural gas,
please consider 7890-0610
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INTRODUCTION 45
SOLUTIONS FOR REFORMULATED FUEL
Conform to strict octane and

emissions regulations
The 1990 US EPA Clean Air Act sets strict limits on volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) and other toxic chemicals that emit from gasoline engine exhaust.
To reach these target levels, fuel producers must reformulate their gasoline
to increase octane levels. This is accomplished through catalytic restructuring
of hydrocarbon molecules in naphtha feedstock to produce a more complex
structure and increase oxygen content through oxygenate blending. The resulting
fuels have higher octane ratings, and combust more efficiently and thoroughly.
Agilent, together with our Channel Partners, offer a portfolio of Reformulated
Gasoline (RFG) Analyzers that are factory configured to meet standards
such as ASTM and CEN—and are chemically tested for analyzing oxygenate
concentrations, benzene, and heavier aromatic content in RFG.
■ ACK TO
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Solutions for Oxygenates and Aromatics in Fuel

Analyzer Number Configuration Capability
G3445 #611 1-valve, 2-column (micro-packed and capillary), and FID/TCD Oxygenates and aromatics in finished gasoline per
ASTM D4815 and ASTM D5580
G3445 #612 2-valve, 4-column (micro-packed and capillary) and dual FID Parallel channel oxygenates and aromatics per
ASTM D4815 and ASTM D5580
G3445 #615 1-valve, 2-column (packed column), TCD or FID Benzene in finished motor and aviation fuels per
ASTM D3606
G3445 #616 1-valve, 2-column (micro-packed and capillary), 2-FID (or FID/TCD) Aromatics in finished gasoline per ASTM D5580
G3445 #617 Deans Switching/2-column/dual FID Oxygenates and aromatics in commercial and raw gasoline
per EN 13132 and EN 12177
G3445 #618 Capillary flow technology micro volume tee/2-column/FID/autosampler Low level oxygenates in light hydrocarbons per
(for liquid samples), gas sampling valve (for gas samples), LSV (for ASTM D7423
liquefied gases)
G3445 #621 3-in-1 reformulated fuel analyzer with large valve oven (LVO) ASTM D3606, ASTM D4815, and ASTM D5580
7890-0340 1-valve/2-column/FID Trace oxygenates in reformulated gasoline per ASTM D7754
Reference Methods for Oxygenates:

ASTM D7423
Analyte The linear working range
Oxygenate compounds 0.50 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg
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■ ACK TO Reformulated Fuel

B
INTRODUCTION 47
Single Channel Oxygenates and Aromatics in Fuel Analyzer

(G3445 #611)
ASTM D4815 ASTM D5580 - 1st run
Analyzer Description eak Identification
P eak Identification
P
1. methanol 8. DIPE 1. benzene
2. ethanol 9. isobutanol 2. toluene
Configuration: 3. isopropanol 10. tert-pentanol 3. 2-hexanone
• 1-valve/2-column (micro-packed and 4. tert-butanol 11. DME 4. backflush peaks
capillary)/FID/TCD 5. n-propanol 12. n-butanol
6. MTBE 13. TAME
7. sec-butanol 14. heavier hydrocarbon 1
Sample type: 4
2
• Finished gasoline 3
13
14
Compounds analyzed:
• ASTM D4815: MTBE, ETBE, TAME, 3
5
DIPE, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol,
n-propanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, 1
11
ASTM D5580 - 2nd run
sec-butanol, n-butanol,
10 eak Identification
P
tert-pentanol 7 9
8 1. 2-hexanone
• ASTM D5580: benzene, toluene, 2 4 6 12 2. ethylbenzene
3. m/p-xylene
ethylbenzene, xylene, C9 and heavier 4. o-xylene
aromatics, total aromatics 5. C9+ aromatics
3
4
2
• 0.1 to 20 Wt% for individual ethers, 1
5
0.1 to 12 Wt% for individual alcohols
• 0.1 to 5 Vol% for benzene, 1 to
15 Vol% for toluene
• 0.5 to 10 Vol% for individual C8
aromatics, 5 to 30 Vol% for total C9
and heavier aromatics, 10 to ► KEY BENEFITS AND FEATURES
80 Vol% for total aromatics
• Designed for both ASTM D4815 and ASTM D5580 methods, uses
same hardware configuration
• ASTM D4815, ASTM D5580
• Configured to determine oxygenates (ASTM D4815) and aromatics
(ASTM D5580) in gasoline by using either helium or nitrogen (which
is lower cost) carrier gas
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B
INTRODUCTION 48
Dual Parallel Channel Oxygenates and Aromatics

in Fuel Analyzer (G3445 #612)
ASTM D4815 ASTM D5580 - 1st run
Analyzer Description eak Identification
P eak Identification
P
1. methanol 8. DIPE 1. benzene
2. ethanol 9. isobutanol 2. toluene
Configuration: 3. isopropanol 10. tert-pentanol 3. 2-hexanone
• 2-valve/4-column (micro-packed and 4. tert-butanol 11. DME 4. backflush peaks
capillary)/2-FID 5. n-propanol 12. n-butanol
1
6. MTBE 13. TAME
7. sec-butanol 14. heavier hydrocarbon 4
Sample type: 2
3
• Finished gasoline 13
14
DIPE, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, 11
n-propanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, 1
ASTM D5580 - 2nd run
sec-butanol, n-butanol, 10
7 9 eak Identification
P
tert-pentanol 8
1. 2-hexanone
2 4 6 12
• ASTM D5580: benzene, toluene, 2. ethylbenzene
3. m/p-xylene
ethylbenzene, xylene, C9 and heavier 4. o-xylene
aromatics, total aromatics 5. C9+ aromatics
3
4

1
5
• 0.1 to 20 Wt% for individual ethers,
0.1 to 12 Wt% for individual alcohols
• 0.1 to 5 Vol% for benzene, 1 to
15 Vol% for toluene
• 0.5 to 10 Vol% for individual C8 ► KEY BENEFITS AND FEATURES
aromatics, 5 to 30 Vol% for total
C9 and heavier aromatics, 10 to • Dual parallel channels are configured on one GC system; one
80 Vol% for total aromatics channel for ASTM D4815 and one for ASTM D5580
Configured per method: • Analyzer has the capability to determine oxygenates (ASTM D4815)
• ASTM D4815, ASTM D5580 and aromatics (ASTM D5580) in gasoline
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B
INTRODUCTION 49
Benzene in Gasoline Analyzer

(G3445 #615)
eak Identification
P
Configuration: 1. nonaromatics
1 2. benzene
• 1-valve/2-column/TCD or FID 3. MEK (internal standards)
4. toluene
Sample type:
4
• Finished motor and aviation
3
gasoline
• Benzene, toluene

• 0.1 to 5 Vol% for benzene
• 2 to 20 Vol% for toluene

• ASTM D3606
• Single channel with dual packed-column configured to determine
benzene and toluene in finished motor and aviation gasoline
• Independently heated valve system prevents condensation of heavy
components in the sample
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INTRODUCTION 50
Aromatics in Fuel Analyzer

(G3445 #616)
ASTM D5580 - 1st run
4 eak Identification
P
Configuration: 2 1. benzene
3 2. toluene
• 1-valve/2-column (micro-packed 3. 2-hexanone
and capillary), 2-FID (or FID/TCD) 4. backflush peaks
Sample type:
• Finished gasoline
Compounds analyzed:
• Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, ASTM D5580 - 2nd run
eak Identification
P
xylene, C9 and heavier aromatics, 1. 2-hexanone
2. ethylbenzene
total aromatics 3
3. m/p-xylene
4. o-xylene
4
5. C9+ aromatics
• 0.1 to 5 Vol% for benzene, 1 to 15

1 5
Vol% for toluene
• 0.5 to 10 Vol% for individual C8
aromatics
• 5 to 30 Vol% for total C9 and
heavier aromatics
• 10 to 80 Vol% for total aromatics
• Dual-column system configured to determine benzene, toluene,
•A
STM D5580
ethylbenzene, and xylene in finished gasoline
• System configuration uses improved TCEP column mounting to
greatly improve method stability
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INTRODUCTION 51
Oxygenates and Aromatics in Gasoline by Deans Switch Analyzer

(G3445 #617)
DB-1 Column (FID B)
MTBE 11.01 wt% found
Configuration:
• Deans Switching/2-column/2-FID DME (int. std)
Sample type: 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 min

• Commercial or raw gasoline
Compounds analyzed: DB-1 Column (FID B)

• Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene,
Peak Identification Ref (wt%) Found (wt%)
and oxygenates: MTBE, ETBE, 1. benzene 1.18 1.21 2 5
TAME, DIPE, ethanol, isopropanol, 2. toluene 11.62 11.85
n-propanol, isobutanol, 3. ethylbenzene 4.65 4.70
4
4. 2-hexanone 10.87 n/a
tert-butanol, sec-butanol, 5. o-xylene 4.71 4.78 3
n-butanol, and tert-pentanol
1

4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 min
• 0.05 to 6 Vol% for benzene, 0.17
to 15 Vol% for individual organic
oxygenates
• EN 13132, EN 12177 • Configured to determine the oxygenates (EN 13132) and benzene
(EN 12177) in gasoline
• Capillary Flow Technology (CFT) Deans Switch provides easier
method setup and reliable performance by eliminating carry-over and
minimizing peak tailing for very polar compounds
• Uses backflush to reduce analysis time
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INTRODUCTION 52
Low Level Oxygenates in Light Hydrocarbons Analyzer by

Capillary Flow Technology Micro Volume Tee (G3445 #618)
t, Iso and sec-Butanol

180
Configuration: 160
• Capillary Flow Technology 140

micro-volume tee/2-column/FID/ 120
DIPE
Autosampler (for liquid samples),
Benzene
n and iso-Propanol
t-Amly alcohol
100
gas sampling valve (for gas
samples), LSV (for liquefied gases) 80
n-Butanol
Methanol
60
Sample type:
Ethanol
• Ethene, propene, hydrocarbon 40
matrices that do not have a final 20

boiling point greater than 200 °C 0
2.5 5 7.5 10 12.5 15 17.5 20 22.5 min
Compounds analyzed:
• MTBE, ETBE, DIPE, TAME,
methanol, n-propanol and
i-propanol, n-butanol, i-butanol, ► KEY BENEFITS AND FEATURES
tert-butyl alcohol, sec-butyl alcohol,
and tert-pentanol • Analyzer configured to determine low level oxygenates in any
hydrocarbon matrix with final boiling point <200 °C
Typical quantification range: • Capillary Flow Technology (CFT) fluidic switch with backflush
• 0.5 ppm for MTBE used to remove hydrocarbons with higher boiling points
Configured per method: • Agilent GS-OxyPLOT column separates light hydrocarbons from
• ASTM D7423 oxygenates
• GS-OxyPLOT is surprisingly inert to polar compounds and is an
excellent column for quantitative analysis of oxygenates at low
concentrations
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INTRODUCTION 53
3-in-1 Reformulated Fuel Analyzer with Large Valve Oven (LVO)

(G3445 #621)
ASTM D3606
Configuration:
• 3-valves/5-columns (capillary,
packed), and micro-packed), TCD/FID 7.004 - ethanol
8.830 - 2-butanol
8.036 - benzene
Sample type: 11.133 - toluene
• Finished gasoline
ASTM D4815
t-butanol
Compounds analyzed:
MTBE
pA
DIPE, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol,
t-amyl alcohol
2500
sec-butanol
2-propanol
1-propanol
n-propanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol,
i-butanol
n-butanol
2000
ethanol
methanol
sec-butanol, n-butanol, tert-pentanol
benzene
1500
• ASTM D3606/D5580: benzene, 1000
toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, C9 and 500
heavier aromatics, total aromatics 0

0 2 4 6 8 10 min
ASTM D5580
• ASTM D3606
Analysis 1
▪ 0.1-5.0 Vol% benzene pA
2-hexanone
▪ 2-20 Vol% toluene
8000
• ASTM D4815
benzene
▪0.1-15 Wt% ethers and alcohols

toluene
6000
• ASTM D5580 4000
▪ 0.1-5% benzene 2000
▪ 1-15% toluene
▪ 0.5-10% C8 aromatics
0
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 min
▪ 5-30% C9 plus aromatics
▪ 10-80% total aromatics ASTM D5580
Analysis 2
Configured per method: pA
ethylbenzene
o-xylene
10000
2-hexanone
8000
ASTM D5580
6000
4000
2000
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 min
■
• Solution for 3 ASTM methods for oxygenates and aromatics
ACK TO
B in gasoline
TABLE OF CONTENTS
■
• Capable of running one method at a time
ACK TO Reformulated Fuel
B
INTRODUCTION 54
Trace Oxygenates in Reformulated Gasoline Analyzer

(7890-0340)
Analyzer Description Light Hydrocarbons
Ethanol
Configuration:
• 1-valve/2-column/FID Ethers C3 to C5 Alcohols
Methanol
Sample type:
5 10 15 20 25 min
• Reformulated gasoline, ethanol/
t & s & i Butanol

gasoline blends, naphtha
MTBE
TAME
i & n-Propanol
t-Pentanol
Compounds analyzed:
n-Butanol
ETBE
• MTBE, ETBE, DIPE, TAME,
DIPE
1, 2-DME(IS)
MeOH
methanol, n-propanol, i-propanol,
n-butanol, i-butanol, tert-butyl
alcohol, sec-butyl alcohol,
12.5 13.5 14.5 15.5 min 22 23 24 25 26 27 min
tert-pentanol

• 10 to 1,000 ppm (wt/wt) for ► KEY BENEFITS AND FEATURES
oxygenates
• 1 to 15 Vol% for ethanol • Analyzer configured to analyze oxygenates (at the 10 to 1,000 ppm
level) in gasoline containing 1 to 15 Wt% ethanol additive
• Excellent separation of oxygenates from light hydrocarbons
• ASTM D7754
• Resolves all ethers (ETBE, MTBE, DIPE, and TAME)
• High quantitative precision for high and low ether concentrations in
the presence of 1 to 15 Wt% ethanol
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INTRODUCTION 55
SOLUTIONS FOR BIOFUEL/RENEWABLE FUEL
Ensure the highest quality standards

from feedstock to final product
Global pressure to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels is driving the demand
for sustainable, reliable, and clean alternative energy sources. It has also fueled a
steady increase in research involving the conversion of biomass to biofuels.
In recent years, vegetable oil derivatives (biodiesel) have successfully powered
automobiles, public transportation systems, and long-haul trucking fleets, while
providing a fuel source—produced from locally available feedstock—that
reduces engine wear and generates lower sulfur and CO2 emissions.
While there is no question that biodiesel benefits our environment, producing
biodiesel from many different oils does create product quality and uniformity
challenges. Success depends upon characterizing raw materials, monitoring
chemical conversions, ensuring process efficiency, and validating product quality.
To help you meet these challenges. Agilent has expanded our Alternative Energy
Analyzer Portfolio to include Biofuel GC Analyzers and Renewable Energy
GC Analyzers. These “ready-to-go” systems include proven analytical methods
and advanced features that enable your lab to quickly validate methods that
conform to ASTM and CEN standards for FAMEs, glycerin/glyceride, and trace
methanol measurements.
■ ACK TO
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Solutions for Biofuel/Renewable Fuel

G3445 #631 On-column capillary inlet/FID with optional liquid autosampler Free glycerin, monoglycerides, diglycerides, triglycerides,
bound glycerin, and total glycerin in B100 biodiesel per
ASTM D6584
G3445 #633 Split/splitless inlet/FID with optional liquid autosampler FAME content between C6-C24 in B100 biodiesel per
EN 14103:2011
G3445 #634 Split/splitless inlet/FID with optional methods for automated Glycerol, monoglycerides, diglycerides, triglycerides in B100
sample preparation biodiesel per EN14105:2011
G3582A #110 2-channel Micro GC Compounds analyzed in biogas:
- Channel 1: CP-molsieve 5Å - Channel 1: C1, H2, O2, N2 and CO
- Channel 2: CP PoraPLOT U - Channel 2: C2-C3, H2S and CO2
G3582A #111 3-channel Micro GC Compounds analyzed in biogas:
- Channel 1: CP-molsieve 5Å - Channel 1: C1, H2, O2, N2 and CO
- Channel 2: CP PoraPLOT U - Channel 2: C2-C3, H2S and CO2
- Channel 3: CP-Sil 5 CB - Channel 3: C4-C7
7890-0295 Headspace/FID with optional liquid autosampler Methanol in B100 biodiesel per EN 14110:2003
M7482A GC/MSD operating in Scan/SIM mode with optional Trace fatty acid methyl esters per IP 585
7896A WorkBench for fully automated analysis
From the laboratory to the field, Agilent

Technologies can provide analytical
solutions to address your requirements
for Renewable Energy Research.
■ ACK TO
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B
INTRODUCTION 57
Glycerin in Biodiesel Analyzer

(G3445 #631)
Analyzer Description Rapeseed
Configuration:
Tricaprin (istd 2)
• On-column capillary inlet/FID
Butanetriol (istd 1)
Sample type:
• B100 biodiesel
• Not applicable to vegetable oil
methyl esters obtained from lauric Soybean
oils, such as coconut oil and palm
kernel oil
Tricaprin (istd 2)
Compounds analyzed: Butanetriol (istd 1)
• Free glycerin, monoglycerides,

diglycerides, triglycerides, bound
glycerin, total glycerin
Typical quantification range: ► KEY BENEFITS AND FEATURES

• 0.005 to 0.05 Wt% for free
glycerin, 0.05 to 0.5 Wt% for total • Configured with COC inlet with a retention gap column in front of the
glycerin analytical column
Configured per method: – Significantly improves peak shape for better accuracy and
• ASTM D6584 reproducibility
– Use of standard syringes instead of special narrow-bore syringes
• Uses Agilent “Ultimate Union” to connect retention gap to column
– Reliable, leak-free, high-temperature connection
• Exceeds ASTM and CEN specifications for calibration and precision
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INTRODUCTION 58
FAME Content in Biodiesel Analyzer

(G3445 #633)
4
Configuration:
7
• Split/splitless inlet/FID
Sample type: 2 6 12
5 16
• B100 biodiesel, which contains 8
20
methyl esters between C6-C24 9 10 14 17
3 11 13 15 18 19
Compounds analyzed:
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 min
• Methyl esters between C6-C24
Peak No. Name RT (min) Peak no. Name RT (min.)
Typical quantification range: 1. methyl hexanoate C6:0 6.031 11. methyl arachidate C20:0 22.857
• > 90 Wt% for esters, 1 to 15 Wt% 2. methyl myristate C14:0 15.878 12. methyl eicosonate C20:1 23.166
3. methyl myristoleate C14:1 16.275 13. methyl eicosadienoate C20:2 23.808
for linoleic acid content 4. methyl palmitate C16:0 17.996 14. methyl arachidonate C20:4 24.551
5. methyl palmitoleate C16:1 18.311 15. methyl eicosatrienoate C20:3 24.730
Configured per method: 6. methyl stearate C18:0 20.332 16. methylbehenate and C22:0 25.582
7. methyl oleate (9) C18:1 20.617 methyl eicosapentaenoate C20:5 25.582
• EN 14103:2011 8. methyl oleate (11) C18:1 20.697 17. methyl erucate C22:1 26.031
9. methyl linoleate C18:2 21.205 18. methyl lignocerate C24:0 29.574
10. methyl linolenate C18:3 22.052 19. methyl nervonate C24:1 30.203
20. methyl docosahexaenoate C22:6 30.365

• Excellent precision with a very simple, easy-to-use method
• Esters separated on wax-type column
• Internal standard (methyl nonadecanoate) used for quantification
• Analysis time about 35 minutes
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INTRODUCTION 59
Biodiesel Analyzer per EN 14105:2011

(G3445 #634)
Mono-C18:1 (IS)
Analyzer Description 15.813 min.
Mono-C16:0 (IS) Mono-C18:0 (IS)

pA
Configuration: 14.336 min. 16.088 min.
700
• Split/splitless inlet/FID
600
Sample type:
• B100 biodiesel 500

Mono-C19 (IS) Di-C38 (IS)
16.917 min. 25.932 min.
• Glycerol, monoglycerides, Butanetriol (IS)
5.197 min.
diglycerides, triglycerides 300
Tri-C57 (IS)
31.730 min.
• 0.001 to 0.05 Wt% for free
100
glycerin, 0.1 to 0.5 Wt% for all
glycerides
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 min
• EN 14105:2011
pA Monoglyceride Diglyceride
Zone Zone
300
Glycerol Triglyceride
Zone Zone
200
100
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 min.
pA
300
200
100
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 min.
Automated preparation of B100 Biodiesel sample with Agilent WorkBench (Upper chromatogram: Single run,
Lower chromatogram: Overlay of 10 separate samples preparations)
(Continued)
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INTRODUCTION 60

•C
onfigured for automated sample preparation with
Agilent 7696A Sample Prep WorkBench
– Automation reduces reagent consumption by up to 10x
–W orkBench not included with system, must be purchased
separately
• E xceeds CEN specifications for calibration and precision for method
EN 14105:2011
–A
utomated prep of calibration standard sample prep exceeds Are your analysts manually
method performance criteria preparing samples and standards?
Automate workflow using the Agilent
–A
utomated prep of B100 samples exceeds method precision
7696A Sample Prep WorkBench—
requirement precise sample prep per compliance
• Includes macro for data calculation and reporting per method method requirements.
EN 14105:2011, requires Microsoft Excel®
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INTRODUCTION 61
Biogas Analyzer: 2-Channel Micro GC

(G3582A #110)
Channel 1 – Permanent gases
Hydrogen
Configuration:
• 2-Channel Micro GC
Methane
- Channel 2: CP PoraPLOT U
Carbon monoxide
Sample type:
• Biogas
Nitrogen
Compounds analyzed: Oxygen
• Channel 1: C1, H2, O2, N2 and CO
Zoom
• Channel 2: C2-C3, H2S and CO2

• 1-10 ppm
0 30 60 90 120
Seconds
Channel 2 – CO2, C2, H2S, and C3
Carbon dioxide
Ethane
Hydrogen sulfide
Zoom
Propane
10 20 30 40 50 60
Seconds
(Continued)
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INTRODUCTION 62

•O
ptimized for the rapid analysis of biogas composition
in 120 seconds
–C haracterizes permanent gases, hydrocarbons C1-C3
and H2S concentrations
Rapid, reliable results for
• Excellent repeatability: laboratory, process, or field
– Retention time: RSD 0.1% analysis. Micro GC analyzers provide
– Peak area: RSD 0.5% chromatographic results in seconds
• Dual carrier gas for optimal detection instead of minutes.
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INTRODUCTION 63
Biogas Analyzer: 3-Channel Micro GC

(G3582A #111)
Analyzer Description Channel 1 – Permanent gases
Configuration: Hydrogen
• 3-Channel Micro GC
- Channel 2: CP-PoraPLOT U Methane
Carbon monoxide
Sample type:
• Biogas mixed with hydrocarbon Nitrogen
streams, e.g., LPG, Natural Gas Oxygen
Compounds analyzed: Zoom
• Channel 1: C1, H2, O2, N2 and CO

• Channel 2: C2-C3, H2S and CO2
• Channel 3: C4-C7
0 30 60 90 120
Typical quantification range: Seconds
• 1-10 ppm
Channel 2 – CO2, C2, H2S, and C3
Carbon dioxide
Ethane
Hydrogen sulfide
Zoom
Propane
10 20 30 40 50 60
Seconds
(Continued)
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INTRODUCTION 64
Channel 3 – C4 – C7 hydrocarbons
i-Butane
n-Butane
neo-Pentane
n-Heptane
i-Pentane
n-Pentane
Take the quick, cost-effective path
Zoom
through your toughest challenges.
n-Hexane Contact Agilent to discuss an Analyzer
or custom GC for your specific need at
0 30 60 90 120
Seconds

•O
ptimized for the rapid analysis of biogas composition
in 120 seconds
–C haracterizes permanent gases, hydrocarbons C1-C7
and H2S concentrations
• Excellent repeatability:
– Retention time: RSD 0.1%
– Peak area: RSD 0.5%
• Dual carrier gas for optimal detection
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INTRODUCTION 65
Methanol in Biodiesel Analyzer

(7890-0295)
1.156
600
DB-ALC1 30 m x 0.32 mm, 1.80 µm
Configuration: 500
• Headspace/FID
400
Sample type: 300
• B100 biodiesel 200
100
Compounds analyzed:
0
• Methanol
0 1 2
• 0.01 to 0.5 Wt% for methanol pA
700 1.204
600
• EN 14110:2003
500
400
300
200
100
0
0 1 2

• Uses Agilent 7697A headspace sampler for automated sample
preparation
• Enhanced precision through backpressure regulation of headspace
gas sampling valve loop
• Increased sensitivity for low concentration methanol through
pressurization of the headspace sample loop
• Quantitative analysis using external calibration, no internal
standard required
• Agilent J&W DB-ALC columns optimized for alcohol analysis by
headspace GC
• Improved peak shape for easy quantification
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INTRODUCTION 66
FAMEs in Jet Fuel Analyzer

(M7482A)
x103 SIM TIC
Methyl margarate
30
Configuration:
• GC/MSD operating in Scan/SIM mode 26
Methyl palmirate
• Optional 7896A WorkBench for fully 22
Abundance
automated analysis
Methyl linoleate
18
Sample type:
14
Methyl oleate
• Jet fuel
Methyl stearate
Methyl linolenate
10
Compounds analyzed:
• Trace fatty acid methyl esters 6
• 4.5 mg/kg to 150 mg/kg of selected

22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 Min.
FAME species

• IP 535
• Helps to control adherence to limit of 5 mg/kg of total FAME
content established by the Joint Inspection Group
• Optimized simultaneous SCAN/SIM maximizes sensitivity
and selectivity
• Optional 7896A WorkBench reduces chemical resource need by
10x and improves calibration performance and sample precision
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INTRODUCTION 67
SOLUTIONS FOR LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS
Accurately measure calorific value

and cleanliness during consumption
Synthesized by refining petroleum (or natural gas) derived from fossil fuels,
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is used to power vehicles and heat appliances.
LPG contains a flammable mixture of hydrocarbon gases—primarily propane,
butane, or a mixture of the two. However, because LPG is usually odorless, low
concentrations of sulfur are also added to facilitate leak detection.
Gas composition directly affects both the calorific value and burning cleanliness
of LPG. Agilent LPG Analyzers conform to strict industry standards for
determining LPG composition and performing fast analysis of hydrocarbon
content from C1-C6 in LPG samples.
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SOLUTIONS FOR LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM
Solutions for Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)

Analyzer Number Configuration Factory checkout per method
7890-0138 LPG composition analyzer ASTM D2163, ASTM D2593, ASTM D2712, ASTM D4424
7890-0188 Commercial propane and butane LPG analyzer ISO 7941, EN 27941, and IP 405
7890-0397 Hydrocarbons in LPG analyzer ASTM D2163
Contact Agilent Ethane composition and impurities by Micro GC
Contact Agilent Propane and butane streams by Micro GC
Reference Methods for LPG:

H2S 0.3 to 30 – 0.1 to 25 – 0.1 to 100 –
O2 0.01 to 20 – 0.1 to 99.9 – 0.005 to 20 0.007 to 5
N2 0.01 to 100 – – 0.005 to 5 0.005 to 100 0.007 to 40
CH4 0.01 to 100 – – 0.001 to 5 0.001 to 100 40 to 100
CO – – – – – 0.001 to 1
CO2 0.01 to 20 – – 0.005 to 5 0.005 to 100 0.001 to 10
He 0.01 to 10 – – – – 0.002 to 0.5
H2 0.01 to 10 – – – – 0.001 to 0.5
C6+ – – – 0.1 to 99.9 – – –
C7+ 0.01 to 1 – – – 0.001 to 30 – –
C7-C8 – – – – – 0.001 to 2 0.0001 to 0.5
C9 – – – – – 0.001 to 2 –
C10-C14 – – – – – 0.001 to 1 –
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INTRODUCTION 69
LPG Composition Analyzer

(7890-0138)
n-Butane
iso-Butane
pA
Propane
Ethane
4500
Propylene
Configuration: 4000
Methane
• Liquid valve/1-column
Butene-1trans-2-Butene
3500
Ethylene
(PLOT Alumina)/FID 3000
2500
Sample type:
• LPG 2000
1,3 Butadiene
n-Pentane
iso-Butylene
iso-Pentane
cis-2-Butene
Acetylene
1500
Compounds analyzed:
2-m-2 Butene
c-2-Pentene
t-2-Pentene
1000
• C1-C6
1-Pentene
n-Hexane
500
• 10 ppm for hydrocarbons 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 min

ASTM D2712, ASTM D4424
• Single channel with single LSV
• PLOT Alumina is ideal for separation of the C1 to C8 isomers;
especially for separation of cyclopropane and propylene
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INTRODUCTION 70
Commercial Propane and Butane LPG Analyzer

(7890-0188)
pA
i-Butane
Ethane
400
Configuration: 350
• Liquid valve/1-column 300
1-Butene
Propane
(packed column)/FID
250
n-Butane
Methane
Sample type: 200
c-2-Butene
t-2-Butene
• LPG, commercial propane and butane 150
i-Pentane
Propylene
n-Pentane
Ethylene
• C1-C6 50
Typical quantification range: 2 4 6 8 10 12 min

• 10 ppm for hydrocarbons

• ISO 7941, EN 27941, and IP 405
• Single channel with single LSV
• Rugged packed column
• Configured to analyze liquefied petroleum gas, specifically propane
and butane for commercial use
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INTRODUCTION 71
Hydrocarbons in LPG Analyzer

(7890-0397)
Ethane
200
Propane
i-Butane + Propadiene + Acetylene

Methane
Configuration: 175
• 1-liquid valve/2-valve/
150
2-column/FID
Ethylene
125
Sample type:
Propylene
Methyl Acetylene
• LPG (liquefied petroleum gases), 100
propane/propylene mixture
1,3-Butadiene
75
2-Methyl-2-Butene
c-2-Butene
t-2-Butene
i-Butylene
n-Butane
1-Butene
Compounds analyzed:
c-2-Pentene
t-2-Pentene
50
1-Pentene
n-Pentane
i-Pentane
• C1-C5
25
C6+
• C6+ as backflush
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 min
• 10 ppm for hydrocarbons

• ASTM D2163
• Single channel with single LSV valve
• Configured to analyze liquefied petroleum gas, specifically propane
and butane for commercial use
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INTRODUCTION 72
Liquefied Petroleum Micro GC Analyzer:

Ethane Composition and Impurities (Contact Agilent)
ethane
Analyzer Description (97.1%)
Configuration: methanol
(~120 ppm)
• Single channel Micro GC hydrogen sulfide
(~5 ppm)
• Agilent J&W PoraPLOT Q column
carbonyl sulfide propane
(~5 ppm) (~12 ppm)
Sample type:
carbon dioxide
• Ethane
methane 2,000x zoom
nitrogen
Compounds analyzed:
• Nitrogen, methane, ethane,
propane, hydrogen sulfide, 0 30 60 90 120 150 180
carbonyl sulfide, methanol Seconds

• 5 ppm to % for impurities ► KEY BENEFITS AND FEATURES
• Up to 100% for bulk
• Sample preparation is done via a Micro Gasifier
– Heated pressure reducer to turn LPG liquid into gas
of the required sample pressure
• Very fast analysis
– Typically 3 minute analysis time
– Isothermal analysis ensures very fast run-to-run times
• Compositional and impurity analysis in a single run
• Very good detection limits (typically low ppm range)
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INTRODUCTION 73
Liquefied Petroleum Micro GC Analyzer:

Propane and Butane Streams (Contact Agilent)
propane
Configuration: i-butane
• Single channel Micro GC

• Agilent J&W CP-Sil 5 CB column
n-butane
ethane
Sample type:
• Propane and Butane streams
0 20 40 60
Compounds analyzed: Seconds
• Ethane, propane, i-butane, Propane stream
n-butane, i-pentane, n-pentane
i-butane
Typical quantification range: n-butane
• 5 ppm to % for impurities

• Up to 100% for bulk
propane i-pentane
n-pentane
20x zoom
0 20 40 60
Seconds
Butane stream

• Sample preparation is done via a Micro Gasifier
– Heated pressure reducer to turn LPG liquid into gas
of the required sample pressure
• Very fast analysis
– Typically 60 seconds analysis time
– Isothermal analysis ensures very fast run-to-run times
• Compositional and impurity analysis in a single run
• Very good detection limits (typically low ppm range)
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INTRODUCTION 74
SOLUTIONS FOR TRACE IMPURITIES
Meet the stringent demands

of both regulators and customers
Accurately measuring feedstock impurities at increasingly lower concentrations
is critical to process efficiency and profitability. For example, producers of
high-purity monomers (such as ethylene and propylene) face stiff competition
and tight customer specifications.
Purity is also a must for researchers and production operations in the food,
pharmaceutical, chemical, and semi-conductor industries. Failure to fully
characterize the impurity content of N, Ar, H2, and CO2 can render the gas
unfit for a given application.
Trace contaminants also contribute to equipment corrosion and reduced
polymer yields. Even worse, they can cause catalyst degradation, poisoning,
and contamination, which can lead to costly, time-consuming catalyst bed
replacement.
With their innovative hardware configurations, Agilent Trace Impurities
Analyzers reliably confirm the purity of raw materials provided by your
suppliers, so you can detect contaminants with confidence at trace (ppb) levels.
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Solutions for Trace Impurities

Capability
Suitable for process gas Suitable for process gas
Analyzer Number Configuration containing high levels of CH4 containing O2
G3445 #646 2-valve/2-column/methanizer/FID Yes No
G3445 #647 1-valve/2-column/methanizer/FID No No
3-valve/5-column (packed)/
H2, O2, N2, CH4, CO2, and CO in pure
7890-0191 2-TCD/Hastelloy valve, inlet tubing,
chlorine gas
sample filter and nickel stripper
7890-0237 H2, O2 + N2 composite peak, CH4,
1-valve/2-column (packed column)/PDHID
CO, CO2 in monomer gas
Yes
7890-0355 2-valve/2-column/methanizer/FID No • Separates O2 from CO with backflush
•H igh level of O2 will not impact CO
7890-0366 Yes
2-valve/2-column/methanizer/FID No
• Separates O2 from CO
7890-0409 H2, O2, N2, CO, CH4 in ethylene/
1-valve/2-column (packed column)/PDHID
propylene
M7484AA or M7474AA 2-valve/1-column GC/MSD with high efficiency
source using self cleaning ion source option
- M7484AA incudes permeation tube dilution
block for built-in calibration
Reference Methods for CO/CO2 Analysis:

UOP 603
Component Gas Concentration Range
CO/CO2 0.5 to 500 mol-ppm
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INTRODUCTION 76
Low CO and CO2 in Process Gases Containing High CH4 Analyzer

(G3445 #646)
C02
pA
Configuration: 25000
• 2-valve/2-column (packed 20000

column)/Methanizer/FID
15000
Sample type:
C0
• Process gas containing high levels 10000
of methane, natural gas
5000
Compounds analyzed:
• CO2 and CO 0
0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 min

• 0.2 ppm for CO
• 0.4 ppm for CO2 ► KEY BENEFITS AND FEATURES
• Single channel with packed columns
• High concentration hydrocarbons cut on the pre-column; CH4 vented
during the analysis through use of a 4-port valve
• Trace levels of CO and CO2 can be analyzed by conversion to CH4 and
detection with FID
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INTRODUCTION 77
Low CO and CO2 in Process Gas Analyzer

(G3445 #647)
CO
pA
22
CH4
20
Configuration:
18
column)/Methanizer/FID 14
CO2
12
Sample type: 10
• Ethylene, propylene, or process 8
gas streams containing low 0
concentrations of methane 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 min
Compounds analyzed:
• CO2 and CO
• 0.2 ppm for CO • Single channel with packed columns
• 0.4 ppm for CO2 • Hydrocarbons cut on the pre-column while trace levels of CO and
CO2 pass through Methanizer for conversion to CH4 and detection
with FID
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INTRODUCTION 78
2-Channel Inert Impurities in Pure Chlorine Analyzer

(7890-0191)
Analyzer Description TCD1 A.
25 µV
1200
Configuration: 1000
Nitrogen
Carbon dioxide
600
column)/2-TCD/Hastelloy valve, inlet
400
tubing, sample filter, nickel stripper 200 Oxygen Carbon monoxide
0
Sample type: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 min
• Pure chlorine gas
TCD1 B.
Compounds analyzed:
25 µV
• H2, O2, N2, CH4, CO2, and CO 1200
1000 Hydrogen
Typical quantification range: 800 Nitrogen Carbon dioxide
• 50 ppm for fixed gases 600
400
Carbon
200 monoxide V2 ON
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 min

• Dual TCD channels with packed column system measures low levels
of inert impurities in pure chlorine
• Chlorine is cut to the vent at the sampling
• Hastelloy valve, inlet tubing, sample filter, nickel stripper to avoid
corrosion
• Full-range capability, including H2 by the use of second TCD with
argon carrier gas
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INTRODUCTION 79
Impurities in Monomers Analyzer by PDHID

(7890-0237)
Analyzer Description pA O 2 + N2
22500
Configuration: 20000
• 1-valve/2-column (packed
17500
column)/PDHID
15000
Sample type:
12500
• Monomers (gas)
10000
Compounds analyzed:
7500
• H2, O2 + N2 composite peak, CH4, CH4
CO
CO, CO2 5000 H2
Typical quantification range: 2500 CO2
• 1.5 ppm for O2 + N2 composite

2 4 6 8 10 12 14
peak
• 0.1 ppm for H2, CO and CO2
• Single-valve, dual-column system using PDHID in helium ionization
mode allows determination of impurities at 0.1 ppm level
• Uses a 10-port, low-leakage valve
• Matrix effects are eliminated by “cutting out” the light components
on a packed pre-column
• Inert impurities including H2, O2+N2, CO, CH4, and CO2 are separated
on micro-packed column and detected at 0.1 ppm and higher
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INTRODUCTION 80
Low CO and CO2 in Process Gases with

Nicat Bypass to Detector (7890-0355)
Analyzer Description CO
CH4
Configuration:
• 2-valve/2-column (packed CO2
column)/Methanizer/FID
Sample type:
• Process gas containing air
Compounds analyzed: BF Valve On

• CO, CO2

• 0.2 ppm for CO
• 0.4 ppm for CO2
• Hydrocarbon components heavier than CO2 are backflushed to vent
• Air or other non-backflushed gases can be by-passed to the FID
without flowing through the nickel catalyst
• Trace levels of CO and CO2 can be analyzed by conversion to CH4 and
detection with FID
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INTRODUCTION 81
Trace CO and CO2 in Hydrogen and Light Gaseous

Hydrocarbons Analyzer (7890-0366)
Norm.
225
Configuration: 20
Carbon monoxide
column)/Methanizer/FID 15
Sample type: 125
Carbon dioxide
Methane
• H2/Light gaseous hydrocarbons 10
75
Compounds analyzed:
5
• CO, CO2, and CH4
25
0
• 0.2 ppm for CO 2 4 6 8 10 min.
• 0.4 ppm for CO2

• UOP 603
• Trace levels of CO and CO2 can be analyzed by conversion to CH4
and detection with FID
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INTRODUCTION 82
Impurities in Ethylene/Propylene Analyzer by PDHID

(7890-0409)
Methane
Configuration:
Oxygen
• Valve/2-column (packed column)/
PDHID 1800
Nitrogen
Sample type:
Carbon monoxide
Hydrogen
1600
• Ethylene/Propylene
1400
Compounds analyzed:
• H2, O2, N2, CO, CH4
1200
• H2: 0.1-40 ppm 1000
• N2, CO: 0.1-10 ppm

2 4 6 8 10

• Single-valve, dual-column system using PDHID in helium ionization
mode allows determination of impurities at 0.1 ppm level
• Use a 10-port, low-leakage valve
• Matrix effects are eliminated by “cutting out” the matrix on a packed
pre-column
• Inert impurities including H2, O2, N2, CO, CH4 are separated on
packed column and detected at 0.1 ppm and higher
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INTRODUCTION 83
Impurities in ethylene/propylene by GC/MS

(M7484AA or M7474AA)
Analyzer Description 1.1 ppb
2.0 ppb 1.6 ppb
AsH3
PH3 H2S
Configuration:
• 2-valve/1-column GC/MSD with m/z 34
high efficiency source using self
cleaning ion source option 1.2 ppb
COS
• M7484AA incudes permeation m/z 76
tube dilution block for built-in
calibration
Sample type: m/z 60
• High purity ethylene and propylene

15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Compounds analyzed:
1.6 ppb
• Arsine, phosphine, hydrogen H2S
sulfide, and carbonyl sulfide in
ethylene matrix 2.0 ppb
PH3
• Arsine, phosphine, and hydrogen m/z 34
sulfide in propylene matrix
1.1 ppb
Typical quantification range: AsH3
• ~5-50 ppb
m/z 76
15 16 17 18

• Automated analyzer with simplified usability enables in-house
analysis of impurities for quicker decisions and less reliance on
external contract labs
• High efficiency source with self cleaning ion source for highest
sensitivity, low maintenance, and long-term precision
• Uses a 4-port stream selector valve to choose between calibrants
or sample and connects to a 6-port gas sampling valve with 50 μL
sample loop
• Integrated permeation tube dilution block (M7484AA only) enables
fully automated calibration for improved efficiencies
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INTRODUCTION 84
SOLUTIONS FOR SIMULATED DISTILLATION
Perform fast, accurate calculations

that conform to ASTM methods
Hydrocarbon processors use distillation as their primary separation technique in
crude oil refining. Understanding the boiling point distribution of hydrocarbon
fractions and crude oil improves production efficiency, quality control, and
commercialization of petroleum streams.
Simulated Distillation (Sim. Dist.), which is far less labor intensive than physical
distillation, is the preferred method for characterizing boiling point distributions.
Built around a GC analyzer equipped with a temperature-programmable inlet and
FID, Sim. Dist. determines quantitative mass yield based on the boiling points for
the components in hydrocarbon samples. Based on these results, producers can
make informed decisions about process optimization and efficiency.
Agilent was one of the first companies to provide Sim. Dist. as a commercially
available tool for hydrocarbon analysis. Our current Simulated Distillation
Analyzer portfolio leverages cutting-edge technologies, such as a high-
performance Multimode Inlet and user-friendly software for fast analysis, quick
calculations, and detailed presentation of sample profiles. These complete,
ready-to-use systems address ASTM methods D2887, D7213 (extended D2887),
D6352, and D7169.
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Solutions for Simulated Distillation

Analyzer Number ASTM Method Carbon Number Sample Range Boiling Range
G3440 #653 ASTM D2887 C44 Jet fuel diesel 55-538 °C
G3445 #654 ASTM D7213 C60 Lube oil base stocks 100-615 °C
(D2887 extended)
G3445 #655 ASTM D6352 C100 Lube oil base stock 174-700 °C
Agilent's Multimode Inlet expands

the range of applications for your
laboratory GC; including suitability
for Simulated Distillation.
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INTRODUCTION 86
Simulated Distillation Analyzer: Boiling Range

from 55 to 538 °C (G3445 #653)
Analyzer Description Norm
500
Configuration:
• Multimode inlet/FID/Sim. Dist. 400
software
300
Sample type:
• Jet fuel, diesel, petroleum fraction 200
with boiling range from 55 to 538 °C
100
• ASTM D2887 0
2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0 22.5 min

• Easy-to-use software
• Flexible reporting options allow the user to customize reports
to meet laboratory requirements
• Cost effective
• 6 minute fast Sim. Dist. can be achieved by use of short,
small-diameter capillary column, 5 m × 180 mm, 0.4 μm
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INTRODUCTION 87
Simulated Distillation Analyzer: Boiling Range from

100 to 615 °C (G3445 #654)
Heavy vacuum gas oil simulated distillation analysis
Configuration:
• Multimode Inlet/FID/Sim. Dist.
software
Sample type:
• Lube oil, base stocks and petroleum
distillate fractions having a boiling
range from 100 to 615 °C

• ASTM D7213 (D2887 extended)

• Configured with Multimode Inlet
– No syringe-needle discrimination
– Minimizes inlet discrimination
– Solvent vent/matrix vent decreases interference
and maintenance
– Flexible modes of operation: hot/cold, split/splitless,
and temperature programmed vaporization
– Cold trapping in liner improves chromatographic
peak shape, resolution
• Easy-to-use software
• User defined reporting options allow you to generate reports
that meet the requirements for your laboratory
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INTRODUCTION 88
Simulated Distillation Analyzer: Boiling Range from

174 to 700 °C (G3445 #655)
pA
500
Configuration:
400
• Multimode Inlet/FID/Sim. Dist.
software 300
Sample type: 200

• Lube oil, base stocks and petroleum
100
distillate fractions having a boiling
range from 174 to 700 °C 0
5 10 15 20 25 min
• ASTM D6352 80
84
88
92 94 96 98 100

• Complete solution for extended ASTM D2887 (ASTM D7213),
and ASTM D6352 on one GC
• High-performance Multimode Inlet
• Columns designed and perfected for Sim. Dist.
• Sim. Dist. software partially integrated with ChemStation
• Multiple reporting options
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INTRODUCTION 89
SOLUTIONS FOR SULFUR AND NITROSAMINE
Optimize product quality and promote

good environmental stewardship
The analysis of sulfur-containing compounds, usually at low concentrations, is a
critical step in quality control and assurance throughout the energy and chemical
industry. Sulfur occurs naturally in crude oil and natural gas; therefore, sulfur-
containing hydrocarbons are ubiquitous in refinery and petrochemical products.
Because sulfur species are small, polar and reactive, sulfur contaminants in
concentrations as low as parts-per-billion (ppb) can corrode process hardware,
and permanently poison expensive catalysts used to refine and downstream
processes. Failure to quickly detect and accurately quantify a “sulfur event” could
cause significant financial loss due to contamination and production downtime.
Increased sulfur emissions from hydrocarbon products also contribute to “acid
rain,” which can corrode vegetation, building materials, and structures with its
high concentrations of SO2. Accordingly, regulatory bodies such as the EPA and
CEN have imposed legislation to reduce the presence of sulfur contaminants in
hydrocarbon products.
Based on our most selective, sensitive detectors, Agilent Sulfur Analyzers
are factory configured and chemically tested to reliably quantify trace-level sulfur
compounds in a wide range of matrices.
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Solutions for Sulfur and Nitrosamine

G3445 #661 1-valve/capillary column/SCD Sulfur compounds in natural gas or gaseous fuels; H2S CS2, COS,
mercaptans, aromatic sulfur compounds, sulfides per ASTM D5504
G3445 #662 Capillary inlet/capillary column/SCD (requires additional Volatile sulfur-containing compounds in light petroleum liquids, such
automatic liquid sampler for handling liquid sample analysis) as CS2, COS, mercaptans, aromatic sulfur compounds, sulfides per
ASTM D5623 and UOP 791
7890-0167 3-valve/2-column/2-VI (volatile inlets)/2-FPD Volatile sulfur such as H2S, COS, MeSH, EtSH, DMS, CS2, t-BuSH
and THT per ASTM D6228
7890-0460 On-column capillary inlet/capillary column/NCD N-Nitrosodimethylamine, N-Nitrosopyrrolidine,
N-Nitrosodibutylamine, N-Nitrosopiperidine, N-Nitrosomorpholine,
N-Nitrosomethylethylamine, N-Nitrosodiethylamine,
N-Nitrosodipropylamine, N-Nitrosodiphenylamine in liquids
Reference Methods for Sulfur and Nitrosamine:

ASTM D5504 (SCD) ASTM D5623 (SCD) ASTM D6228 (FPD)
Detection range for sulfur compounds Detection range for individual sulfur species Detection range for sulfur compounds
10-1,000,000 pg of sulfur equivalent 0.1 to 100 mg/kg 20-20,000 pg of sulfur equivalent
0.01 to 1000 mg/m3 0.02 to 20 mg/m3
Inert treatment of sample pathways and

detector components used in Agilent
analyzers ensure your laboratory's
success with trace impurity analysis.
■ ACK TO
B
TABLE OF CONTENTS
■ ACK TO Sulfur and Nitrosamine

B
INTRODUCTION 91
Sulfur Analyzer by SCD

(G3445 #661)
15 µV
200 12
Configuration: 11/12
150
3
• 1-valve/Capillary column/SCD 4 5 7 13 14 15
8 9 10
100
Sample type:
• Natural gas and other gaseous fuels 50
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 min
• Sulfur compounds in Natural Gas

or Gaseous fuels Components Formula Components Formula
1. Hydrogen sulfide H2S 8. Tert-butyl mercaptan (CH3)3CSH
• H2S, CS2, COS, mercaptans, aromatic 2. Carbonyl sulfide COS 9. 1-propanethiol CH3(CH2)2SH
sulfur compounds, sulfides 3. Methyl mercaptan CH3SH 10. Thiophene C4H4S
4. Ethyl mercaptan CH3SH 11. n-butanethiol CH3(CH2)3SH
5. Dimethyl sulfide CH3SCH3 12. Diethyl sulfide CH3CH2SCH2CH3
Typical quantification range: 6. Carbon disulfide CS2 13. Methyl ethyl sulfide CH3SCH2CH3
• 100 ppb of H2S 7. 2-propanehiol CH3SHC2H5 14. 2-methyl-1-propanethiol (CH3)2CHCH2SH
15. 1-methyl-1-propanethiol CH3CH2CHSHCH3
• 20-40 ppb for other S components
(depends on different compounds)

• ASTM D5504
• 7890 GC with Sulfur Chemiluminescence Detector-SCD for sulfur
analysis in natural gas and gaseous fuels
• High Selectivity: higher selectivity for sulfur over carbon
• Equimolar: simplifies quantification of unknowns
• Linear: simplifies calibration
• UltiMetal hardware to enhance sulfur analysis without corrosion
• Dynamic detection range with GC-integrated 8355 SCD
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

B
INTRODUCTION 92
Sulfur Analyzer by SCD

(G3445 #662)
8/9
Analyzer Description 15 µV
1000
Configuration: 2 11
800
• Capillary inlet/Capillary column/SCD 600
7 12 14
(Requires additional Automatic Liquid 400
3
10
6 13
Sampler for liquid sample analysis) 200 1 4 5
0
Sample type: 0 2 2 3 4 10 12 14 16 18 min
• Gasoline motor fuels, petroleum

Components Formula Components Formula
liquids with a final boiling point of
1. Ethyl mercaptan CH3CH3SH 8. Thiophene C4H4S
approximately 230 °C or lower at 2. Dimethyl sulfide (CH3)2S 9. Sec-butyl mercaptan CH3CH2CH(SH)CH3
atmospheric pressure 3. Carbondisulfide C2S 10. n-Butyl mercaptan CH3(CH2)3SH
4. Isopropyl mercaptan (CH3)2CHSH 11. Dimethyl disulfide CH3SSCH3
Compounds analyzed: 5. t-Buyyl mercaptan (CH3)3CSH 12. 2-Methyl thiophene C5H6S
6. n-Propyl mercaptan CH3CH2SCH 13. 3-Methyl thiophene C5H6S
• Volatile sulfur-containing compounds 7. Methylethyl sulfide CH3CH2SCH3 14. Dimthyl disulfide (C2H5)2S2
in light petroleum liquids, such as CS2,
COS, mercaptans, aromatic sulfur
compounds, sulfides ► KEY BENEFITS AND FEATURES
• 7890 GC with Sulfur Chemiluminescence Detector (SCD) for sulfur
• 20 ppb of sulfur in gasoline
analysis in natural gas and gaseous fuels
Configured per method: • High Selectivity: higher selectivity for sulfur over carbon
• ASTM D5623, UOP 791
• UltiMetal hardware to enhance sulfur analysis without corrosion
• Dynamic detection range with GC-integrated 8355 SCD
■ ACK TO
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

B
INTRODUCTION 93
Volatile Sulfur Analyzer

(7890-0167)
45 ppb (v/v) each of the eight sulfur compounds in
Analyzer Description natural gas, split ratio: 0.5:1
H2S
Configuration:
• 3-valve/2-column/2-VI (volatile 60 m x 0.53 mm, 5.0 µm DB-1
inlets)/2-FPD COS (lost in C 3 CS 2
interference) DMS
n-C 5 THT
Sample type: CH 3SH t-BuSH
EtSH
• 7890-0148: C2, C3, C4 monomers n-C 4
• 7890-0167: Natural gas and fuel gas

streams
Compounds analyzed: 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 min
• Volatile sulfur such as H2S, COS,

C 2S
MeSH, EtSH, DMS, CS2, t-BuSH 30 m × 0.32 mm GS-GasPro
and THT
Typical quantification range: CH 3 SH

COS H3 S (lost in C 3 THT
• 50 ppb for sulfur compounds interference) t-BuSH

• ASTM D6228 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

• Dual-channel FPD system utilizing DB1 and GasPro column allows
simultaneous determination of COS and H2S in propylene and other
light hydrocarbon streams
• Same GC configuration for two methods:
1. 7890-0167: natural gas, fuel gas streams
2. 7890-0148: C2, C3, C4 monomers (uses a longer column)
• Can also be used to measure S and P
• Dynamic blending system (7890-0130) provides easy calibration
and assists with method development
• System passivation with UltiMetal® for enhanced sulfur analysis
• Excellent alternative to more expensive specialty detectors SCD,
PFPD, MSD
■ ACK TO
B
TABLE OF CONTENTS

B
INTRODUCTION 94
Nitrosamine in Liquids Analyzer by NCD

(7890-0460)
15 µV
Nitrosamine standard, approximately 1ug/ml each
Configuration: 800
N-Nitrosodimethylamine
• On-column capillary inlet/Capillary
N-Nitrosodiethylamine
N-Nitrosomethylethylamine
column/NCD
N-Nitrosomorpholine
N-Nitrosodipropylamine
600
N-Nitrosopyrrolidine
Sample type:
• Liquid samples
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
N-Nitrosopiperidine
N-Nitrosodibutylamine
400
Compounds analyzed:
• N-Nitrosodimethylamine
200
• N-Nitrosomethylethylamine
• N-Nitrosodiethylamine
0
• N-Nitrosodipropylamine
2.5 5 7.5 10 12.5 15 17.5 20 min
• N-Nitrosodibutylamine
• N-Nitrosopiperidine
• N-Nitrosopyrrolidine
• N-Nitrosomorpholine • 7890 GC with Nitrogen Chemiluminescence Detector (NCD)
• N-Nitrosodiphenylamine in nitrosamine mode for nitrosamine analysis in liquids
• High Selectivity: higher selectivity for nitrosamine to low ppb level
• 10 ppb for N-Nitrosodimethylamine
■ ACK TO
B
TABLE OF CONTENTS

B
INTRODUCTION 95
SOLUTIONS FOR TRANSFORMER OIL GAS
Confirm oil integrity

and prevent catastrophic failure
Electrical transformers, which literally transform voltage from one level to
another, use oil as both an insulator and a coolant for internal components.
Because transformer operation subjects the oil to electrical and mechanical
stresses, the oil must be able to maintain its stability at high temperatures for
extended periods of time.
Factors such as aging, oxidation, vaporization, electrolytic action, and
decomposition can change the oil’s chemical properties, resulting in gas
formation. Information derived by analyzing these dissolved gases provides
considerable diagnostic information about the transformer’s current and future
stability—helping operators determine whether a transformer should be
decommissioned.
The following pages give you an in-depth look at Agilent Transformer Oil Gas
(TOGA) Analyzers. Configured per ASTM standards, these analyzers harness
advanced technologies such as headspace sampling, traditional packed columns,
capillary columns, and TCD/FID detectors (following methanization) to deliver
rugged, reliable TOGA analysis.
■ ACK TO
B
Solutions for Transformer Oil Gas (TOGA)

G3445 #571 1-valve/2-column/TCD/FID/methanizer/headspace H2, O2, N2, CH4, CO and CO2, C2 (ethane, ethylene,
acetylene), C3 (propane, propylene), and C4 (1-butene) per
ASTM D3612-C
7890-0552 3-valve/3-column/TCD/FID/methanizer/headspace H2, O2, N2, CH4, CO, CO2, C2 (ethane, ethylene, acetylene), C3
(propane, propylene), and C4 (1-butene) per ASTM D3612-C
Reference Methods for TOGA: Quantitation

Ranges for Compounds of Interest
*Estimated from the H2 response. The detection limits
ASTM D3612-A ASTM D3612-C
were obtained from the analysis of a dissolved gas
Minimum Detection Limits standard of 1 ppm for all gases, except for O2, N2,
for Gases Dissolved in Detection Limits, ppm CO, and CO2, where the concentration was 17, 24,
Component Gas Oil, ppm Compound (signal/noise = 3) 1.6, and 8.8 ppm, respectively. These results were
H2 5 H2 0.6 obtained with a headspace sampler coupled with a
Hydrocarbons 1 O2 11.0* gas chromatograph of one commercial source; other
CO2 25 N2 11.2 devices can be used but the analytical performance
Atmospheric gases 50 50 CH4 0.06 may be somewhat different than that specified in
CO 0.09 Method C.
CO2 0.1
C2H2 0.05
C2H4 0.04
C2H6 0.04
C3H8 0.2
Why spend time configuring

hardware and developing
methods? Let Agilent implement the
latest advances in GC to provide your
team with the tools it requires to quickly
analyze trace target compounds in
complex matrices.
■ ACK TO
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
■ ACK TO Transformer Oil Gas

B
INTRODUCTION 97
Transformer Oil Gas Analyzer

(G3445 #571)
pA
Analyzer Description FID Channel
Carbon Monoxide
1000
Propylene
1-Butene
800
Propane
Carbon Dioxide
Configuration:
Ethylene
600
Acetylene
• 1-valve/2-column/TCD/FID/
Ethane
Methane
400
methanizer/headspace 200
Sample type: 0
2 4 6 8 10 min
• Gas
TCD Channel
-28
• H2, O2, N2, CH4, CO and CO2, -30 Hydrogen
• C2 (ethane, ethylene, acetylene), -32
-34
C3 (propane, propylene), -36
Methane
Nitrogen
C4 (1-butene) -38 Oxygen
-40
4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 min
• Meet the specifications listed in
table 3 in ASTM D3612-C

• ASTM D3612-C
• Single channel with PLOT columns
• Use direct transfer line to column connection
• Improved precision through 7890 PCM backpressure regulation
of headspace gas sampling valve loop
■ ACK TO
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

B
INTRODUCTION 98
Transformer Oil Gas Analyzer

(7890-0552)
FID Channel
Configuration: 400
Propylene
• 3-valve/3-column/TCD/FID/
Carbon Monoxide
methanizer/headspace
Propane
300
Acetylene
Sample type:
Ethylene
Carbon Dioxide
• Gas 200
Ethane
Methane
Compounds analyzed:
100
• H2, O2, N2, CH4, CO and CO2
• C2 (ethane, ethylene, acetylene),
0
C3 (propane, propylene),
C4 (1-butene) 2 4 6 8 min
Typical quantification range: TCD Channel

• Meet the specifications listed in 25 µV
Hydrogen
table 3 in ASTM D3612-C -34
Configured per method: -35
• ASTM D3612-C -36
-37
-38
Nitrogen
-39
Oxygen
-40
-41
-42
5 5.25 5.5 5.75 6 6.25 6.5 6.75 7 min

• Backflush of C4+ hydrocarbons present through pre-column
to shorten analysis time
• T hrough additional valve switching C2, C3, C4 hydrocarbons
bypass nickel catalyst for FID detection
• 10 minutes analysis time
■ ACK TO
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

B
INTRODUCTION 99
SOLUTIONS FOR GREENHOUSE GAS
Monitor and measure gases

that contribute to climate change
Fossil fuel consumption increases the concentration of Greenhouse Gases
(GHGs)—such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide
(N2O)—in Earth’s atmosphere. These gases trap heat, thereby affecting our
planet’s temperature.
To help fight climate change caused by increased concentrations of atmospheric
GHGs, regulatory institutions (such as the EPA and CEN) have initiated programs
to inventory GHG emissions through continuous measurement.
Agilent can help you track GHG emissions with our comprehensive portfolio of
factory-configured, chemically tested Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Analyzers.
■ ACK TO
B
Solutions for Greenhouse Gas Analysis

with Quantitation Ranges for Compounds of Interest
Configuration Capability
N2O
(Lowest
Analyzer Valve/ Autosampler Fast O2/N2 Detection
Number Column Detector Methanizer HSS/CTC Analysis Separation Limit) CH4 CO2
G3445 #561 3/2 FID/Micro-ECD YES HSS (optional) NO NO 50 ppb 0.2 ppm-20% 0.4 ppm-0.2%
G3445 #562 4/4 FID/Micro-ECD/TCD YES NO YES NO 50 ppb 0.2 ppm-20% 0.4 ppm-20%
G3445 #563 3/2 FID/Micro-ECD YES HSS NO NO 50 ppb 0.2 ppm-20% 0.4 ppm-0.2%
Don't stretch your resources for

method development. Agilent energy
and chemical solutions let you quickly
implement new technologies for
analyzing difficult matrices!
■ ACK TO
B
TABLE OF CONTENTS
■ ACK TO Greenhouse Gas

B
INTRODUCTION 101
Greenhouse Gas Analyzer

(G3445 #561)
Chromatogram for real sample (laboratory air)
ECD
N2O: 473 ppb (calculated) N2: carrier gas
Configuration: Ar/5% CH4: make-up
• 3-valve/2-packed column/
Micro-ECD/FID/methanizer SF6
9.658
Sample type:
• Greenhouse gases and soil gases
2 4 6 8 10 12 min
with compounds of interest contain
gases such as CH4, N2O and CO2
5.712
CO2: 380 ppm FID/methanizer
CH4: 2.7 ppm
(calculated) N2: carrier gas
(calculated)
Compound analyzed:
• CH4, N2O, CO2
Typical quantification range: 3.315

• 50 ppb for N2O
2 4 6 8 10 12 min
• 0.2 ppm-20% for CH4
• 0.4 ppm-0.2% for CO2
• Configured for simultaneous analysis of greenhouse gas with
one injection
• Sensitivity of Micro-ECD ensures the detection of N2O at ppb level
• An easy-to-use union based on Capillary Flow Technology connects
valves and Micro-ECD to improve chromatographic performance,
including the peak shape
• Easily expanded to include the determination of SF6
• Single channel with a simple valve configuration
– Possible to use 6-port valve instead of a 10-port for automated
headspace sampling (see G3445 #563)
■ ACK TO
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

B
INTRODUCTION 102

(G3445 #562)
Analyzer Description N2O: 441 ppb (calculated) ECD
N2: carrier gas
Ar-5% CH4: make up
N 2O
Configuration:
SF6
• 4-valve/4-packed column/
Micro-ECD/TCD/FID/methanizer 2 4 6 8 10 min
Sample type:
• Greenhouse gases and soil gases CH4: 2.2 ppm
CO2: 398 ppm FID – methanizer
(calculated)
with compounds of interest contain (calculcated) He: carrier gas
CO2
gases such as CH4, N2O and CO2
CH4
Compound analyzed: 4 6 8 10 min
2
• CH4, N2O, CO2
Typical quantification range: TCD: channel

• 50 ppb for N2O He: carrier gas
CO2
• 0.2 ppm-20% for CH4
• 0.4 ppm-20% for CO2 2 4 6 8 10 min

• Configured for simultaneous analysis of greenhouse gas
with one injection
• Uses 2 separate channels with three detectors
– Achieve faster results
– Increases flexibility reducing critical nature timing
for valve switching
– Facilitates method setup
– Uses third TCD to expand concentration range
for CO2 determinations
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

B
INTRODUCTION 103

(G3445 #563)
ECD
Analyzer Description N2O: 473 ppb (calculated) N2: carrier gas
Ar/5% CH4: make-up
Configuration:
• 3-valve/2-packed column/Micro-ECD/
SF6
FID/methanizer
Sample type: 2 4 6 8 10 12 min

• Greenhouse gases, soil gases where
the compounds of interest include
CO2: 380 ppm FID/methanizer
gases such as CH4, N2O and CO2 CH4: 2.7 ppm (calculated) N2: carrier gas
(calculated)
Compound analyzed:
• CH4, N2O, CO2

• 50 ppb for N2O 2 4 6 8 10 12 min
• 0.2 ppm-20% for CH4

• 0.4 ppm-0.2% for CO2 ► KEY BENEFITS AND FEATURES
• Analyzer configured for simultaneous analysis of greenhouse gas
with one injection
• Single channel with a simplified valve configuration
• Modification to G3445 #561 that allows for automated
headspace sampling
– Headspace sampler and Interface not included:
HSS must be ordered separately
■ ACK TO
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

B
INTRODUCTION 104
SOLUTIONS FROM OUR CHANNEL PARTNERS
Enriching our expertise with specialized

technologies and experience
Helping you meet your analytical challenges does not end with our own
technological developments. Agilent’s industry leadership has enabled us to
nurture valuable partnerships that complement our energy and chemical analysis
capabilities with solutions such as:
Refinery Gas Analyzers /Fast RGA (UOP 539)
• High-Speed RGA (ASTM D2163 /ISO 7941/DIN 51666)
• Micro GC
• Sulfur in LPG
Natural Gas Analyzers
Petrochemical Analyzers
• Trace sulfur in ethylene and propylene
PIONA/Reformulyzer M3
Olefins Analyzer
DHA Analyzer
Oxygenates Analyzer
Aromatics Analyzer
8634 Analyzer for ASTM D86 (equivalent for groups 3 and 4)
Sim. Dist. Analyzer/HT Sim. Dist. Analyzer
DHA front end
Apply lab GC on-line
HPLC-based solutions
■ ACK TO
B
GC and GC/MS Analyzers let you focus on system validation
and data generation… not method development
Agilent GC and GC/MS Analyzers are factory configured and chemically tested to meet method
requirements, and get you on the "Fast Track" to producing quality data and processing backlogs.
More than just instruments, Agilent Analyzers are complete workflow solutions that incorporate advanced
technologies, such as Capillary Flow Technology and target compounf databases that allow us to optimize
your system for your unique application.
Each Analyzer arrives ready to perform with pre-set chromatography and checkout samples to verify
separation capabilities. That means your team can work toward system validation as soon as installation
is complete—and significantly reduce your method development costs. And as always, our support team
is available, should any problems arise.
Learn more
Buy online
www.agilent.com/chem/store
Find a local Agilent customer center

in your country
www.agilent.com/chem/contactus
USA and Canada

1-800-227-9770
agilent_inquiries@agilent.com
Europe
info_agilent@agilent.com
Asia Pacific
inquiry_lsca@agilent.com
This information is subject to change without notice.
© Agilent Technologies, Inc. 2016

Printed in the USA October 19, 2016
5991-1561EN

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Analyzer Solutions Guide

for the Energy and Chemical Industry

GENERATE ACCURATE, RELIABLE DATA

Your business helps fuel the global economy by meeting the

Agilent energy and chemical analyzers reflect industry standards

To search for words or phrases

Learn more about Analyzer Solutions

Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)

Sulfur and Nitrosamine

Transformer Oil Gas

ASTM Method Configurations

ASTM Method Configurations GPA Method Configurations

DIN Method Configurations Natural gas analyzer B: 3-channel Micro GC

EN Method Configurations Natural gas analyzer

EN 27941 Analyzer Number

ISO Method Configurations

ISO 7941 Analyzer Number

UOP Method Configurations

UOP 603 Analyzer Number

UOP 59 Analyzer Number

Apply the latest GC technologies

Solutions for Refinery Gas

■  ACK TO Refinery Gas

Reference Methods for Refinery Gas:

Start reducing the time required to get

■  ACK TO Refinery Gas

3-Channel Fast Refinery Gas Analyzer

• Refinery gas such as atmospheric 2 TCD channel

► KEY BENEFITS AND FEATURES

■  ACK TO Refinery Gas

3-Channel Fast Refinery Gas Analyzer—

N2, CO2, CO, H2S, COS

Configured per method:

• ASTM D1945, ASTM D1946, 2000

► KEY BENEFITS AND FEATURES

■  ACK TO Refinery Gas

Extended Refinery Gas Analyzer

• C1-C12, H2, He, O2, N2, CO2, and CO

► KEY BENEFITS AND FEATURES

■  ACK TO Refinery Gas

Refinery Gas Analyzer with Nickel Columns

Configured per method:

■  ACK TO Refinery Gas

Refinery Gas Analyzer

• ASTM D1945, ASTM D1946, -200

► KEY BENEFITS AND FEATURES

■  ACK TO Refinery Gas

3-Channel Fast Refinery Gas Analyzer including H2S and O2

Compounds analyzed: 2nd TCD Channel

Configured per method: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 min

• ASTM D1945, ASTM D1946,

■  ACK TO Refinery Gas

3-Channel Fast Refinery Gas Analyzer with H2S and O2 using

■  ACK TO Refinery Gas

3-Channel High Capacity Refinery Gas Analyzer with Large Valve

tubing, Hastelloy valve

ethane (not quantitated)

Typical quantification range: -200

■  ACK TO Refinery Gas

2-TCD/FID, nickel tubing, 25 µV

• C1-C5, C6+ as backflush, H2, He, O2,

Typical quantification range:

■  ACK TO Refinery Gas

■ ACK TO Refinery Gas

■ ACK TO Refinery Gas

• Refinery gas such as atmospheric 2 TCD channel

■ ACK TO Refinery Gas

• ASTM D1945, ASTM D1946, 2000

■ ACK TO Refinery Gas

■ ACK TO Refinery Gas

■ ACK TO Refinery Gas

• ASTM D1945, ASTM D1946, -200

■ ACK TO Refinery Gas

• ASTM D1945, ASTM D1946,

■ ACK TO Refinery Gas

■ ACK TO Refinery Gas

■ ACK TO Refinery Gas

• C1-C5, C6+ as backflush, H2, He, O2,

■ ACK TO Refinery Gas

• C1-C5, C6+ as backflush, H2, He, O2, 200

■ ACK TO Refinery Gas

• UOP 59, DIN-51666, ASTM D2163

■ ACK TO Refinery Gas

■ ACK TO Refinery Gas

■ ACK TO Natural Gas

■ ACK TO Natural Gas

• 50 ppm for permanent gases 2000

■ ACK TO Natural Gas

■ ACK TO Natural Gas

■ ACK TO Natural Gas

■ ACK TO Natural Gas

■ ACK TO Natural Gas

■ ACK TO Natural Gas

• GPA 2286 1000

■ ACK TO Natural Gas

■ ACK TO Natural Gas

■ ACK TO Natural Gas

■ ACK TO Natural Gas

■ ACK TO Natural Gas

■ ACK TO Natural Gas

■ ACK TO Natural Gas