Pipe flange 343

oxide layer at tempering. May be dual marked “B7M, L7 and L7M” if meets the low
temperature Charpy test requirements of A 320. The approximate price ratio is 1
uncoated, 2 Teflon coated, 2 uncoated 100% tested, 3 Teflon™ coated 100% tested.
B8 class 1 is a 304 Stainless Steel (0.08 max C, 18 to 20 Cr, 8 to 10.5 Ni) with Su=75
ksi, Sy=30 ksi. “Class 1” refers to Cr carbide solution treatment and “Class 1 A” refers to
solution annealed in the finished condition for maximum corrosion resistance. Its
approximate price ratio is 3.
B8 class 2 is similar to class 1, but in addition the material is strain hardened after
carbide solution treatment to Sy=100 ksi, this increase in yield stress comes with
increased risk of Hydrogen SCC. Its approximate price ratio is 4.
B8M class 1 is 316 Stainless Steel (0.08 max C, 16 to 18 Cr, 10 to 14 Ni, 2 to 3 Mo)
where “M” denotes Molybdenum. Its mechanical properties are Su=75 ksi, Sy=30 ksi.
“Class 1” refers to Cr carbide solution treatment and “Class 1 A” is solution annealed in
the finished condition for maximum corrosion resistance. Its approximate price ratio is 6.
B8M class 2 is similar to class 1, but in addition it is strain hardened after carbide
solution treatment (with increased risk of Hydrogen SCC). Its approximate price ratio is
7.
(b) ASTM A 307 Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60,000 psi Tensile Strength. Grades A
and B are unalloyed carbon steels. Su=60 ksi, Sy not specified. Grade A =0.06% max P,
with B241 max. Grade B=0.15% max P, with B212 max (cast iron flanges). Black finish
or galvanizing.
(c) ASTM A 320 Alloy Steel Bolting Materials for Low Temperature Service. Alloy
steel (L7 series, L43 and L1) and stainless steel (B8 304 and B8C 347) bolts with a
minimum Charpy impact energy requirement. L7 series, L43 and L1; Su= 100 to 125 ksi,
Sy=80 to 105 ksi. B8 series; Su=75 to 125 ksi; Sy=30 to 100 ksi. Recommended use of
L7~0°F to 550°F.
(d) ASTM A 325 High Strength Bolts for Structural Steel Joints. Alloy steel, Type 1
has limits on C, Mn, P, Su; Type 3 also has limits on Si, Cu, Ni, Cr, Va, Mo, Ti. Su=105
ksi, Sy=81 ksi.
(e) ASTM A 354 Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Bolts, Studs and Other
Externally Threaded fasteners. Bolts and studs made of C=0.3% to 0.5% steel with a
maximum on P and S. Su=115 ksi to 150 ksi; Sy=99 ksi to 130 ksi depending on size and
grade. Often chosen when 150 ksi strength is needed.
(f) ASTM A 449 Quenched and Tempered Steel Bolts and Studs. Bolts and studs
made of C=0.3% to 0.5% steel with a min on Mn, and a maximum on P and S. Su =90 ksi
to 120 ksi; Sy=58 ksi to 92 ksi depending on size and grade.
(g) ASTM A 453 Bolting Materials, High Temperature, 50 to 120 ksi Yield Strength
With Expansion Coefficients Comparable to Austenitic Steels. Stainless steel bolts. Come
in 4 grades (660 most commonly used, also available as 651, 662 and 665). Su=95 to 155
ksi, Sy=50 to 120 ksi. May be used in the creep range (above 800°F) with a 1200°F 100
hours tension test.
(h) ASTM A 490 Heat-Treated Steel Structural Bolts, 150 ksi Minimum Tensile
Strength. Three types of high strength steel bolts, with Su=150 to 170 ksi. Type 1 (alloy
steel) is most common. Type 3 has good resistance to atmospheric corrosion.
(i) ASTM A 540 Alloy Steel Bolting Materials for Special Applications. Five grades
of alloy steel B21 (Cr-Mo-Va), B22 (Cr-Mo), B23 (Cr-Ni-Mo), B24 (Cr-Ni-Mo) and