Parametric Airfoil Catalog PDF

Cover art wing profiles are, top to bottom:
Clark Y
Joukovski 11
Göttingen 628
Eppler 793
Naca 0012
RAE 104
SC 20406
NLF 015
Whitcomb
Parametric Airfoil Catalog, Part II

An Aerodynamic and Geometric Comparison Between Parametrized and Point Cloud Airfoils
Tomas Melin
Copyright 2013,
c Tomas Melin
Published by:
Fluid and Mechatronic Systems,
Department of Management and Engineering,
The Institute of Technology,
Linköping University,
Linköping, Sweden
Visit our website at www.iei.liu.se
Printed by:
Linköping University
LiU-Tryck
581 83 Linköping
SWEDEN
Typeset in LATEX
ISBN: 978-91-7519-656-5
First Edition, March 2013
Parametric Airfoil Catalog
Part II
Göttingen 673 to YS930
An Aerodynamic and Geometric Comparison Between Parametrized and Point Cloud Airfoils.
Tomas Melin
Research Associate
Fluid and Mechatronic Systems,
Department of Management and Engineering,
The Institute of Technology,
Linköping University,
Linköping, Sweden
Contents hq159b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
hq208 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
1 Acknowledgements 1 hq209 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
hq259b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
2 Introduction 1 hq309 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
hq358 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
3 Background 1
hq359 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
hq1010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
4 Method 2
hq1012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
4.1 Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
hq1510 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
4.2 Parameterization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
hq1511 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
4.3 Base change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
hq1512 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
4.4 Reproducing known airfoils . . . . . . . . 4
hq1585 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
5 Discussion 5 hq2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
hq2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
6 Software 6 hq2090sm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
hq2195 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
7 Airfoil Catalog 6 hq2510 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
goe673 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 hq2511 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
goe675 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 hq2590sm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
goe676 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 hq3010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
goe677 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 hq3011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
goe679 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 hq3012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
goe681 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 hq3013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
goe682 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 hq3014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
goe683 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 hq3015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
goe685 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 hq3510 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
goe692 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 hq3512 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
goe693 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 hq3513 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
goe703 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 hq3514 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
goe704 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 hq3518 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
goe711 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 hsnlf213 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
goe735 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 ht08 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
goe738 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 ht12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
goe758 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 ht22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
goe766 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 ht23 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
goe767 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 isa571 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
goe769 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 isa960 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
goe770 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 isa961 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
goe775 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 isa962 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
goe776 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 joukovski11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
goe780 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 joukovski12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
goe795 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 k1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
goe795sm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 k2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
goe797 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 k3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
goe801 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 k3311 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
goe802 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 kc135a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
goe803h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 kc135b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
goe804 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 kc135c . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
gs1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 kc135d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
hobie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 l188root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
hobiesm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 l188tip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
hor20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 l7769 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
hq07 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 la2573a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
hq09 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 la5055 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
hq010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 lds2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
hq108 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 lg10sc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
hq109 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 lnv109a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
hq158 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 ls013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
hq159 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 ls413mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
3
ls417 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 mh114 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
ls421 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 mh115 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
ls421mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 mh116 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
lwk79100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 mh117 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
lwk80080 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 mh120 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
lwk80100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 mh121 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
lwk80120k25 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 mh200 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
lwk80150k25 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 mh201 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
m3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 miley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
m6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 mrc-16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
m11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 mrc-20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
m12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 ms317 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
m665 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 mue139 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
ma409 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 n5h10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
ma409sm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 n5h15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
marske1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 n5h20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
marske2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 n6h15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
marske3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 n8h12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
marske4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 n9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
marske5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 n10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
marske7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 n11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
mb253515sm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 n0011sc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
mh18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 n12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
mh20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 n13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
mh22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 n14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
mh23 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 n22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
mh24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 n24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
mh25 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 n64215 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
mh26 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 naca0002mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
mh27 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 naca0004mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
mh30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 naca0006mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
mh32 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 naca0008mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
mh42 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 naca0009sm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
mh43 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 naca0010mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
mh44 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 naca0012mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
mh45 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 naca0014mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
mh46 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 naca0016mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
mh49 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 naca0018mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
mh60 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 naca0020mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
mh61 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 naca0022mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
mh62 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 naca0024mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
mh64 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 naca0026mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
mh70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 naca0028mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
mh78 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 naca0030mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
mh80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 naca64a010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
mh81 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 naca64a210 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
mh82 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 naca66-018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
mh83 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 naca632a015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
mh84 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 naca747a315 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
mh91 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 naca747a415 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
mh92 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 naca000834 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
mh93 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 naca001034 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
mh94 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 naca001034a08cli0.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
mh95 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 naca001035 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
mh102 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 naca001064 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
mh104 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 naca001065 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
mh106 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 naca001066 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
mh108 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 naca1108mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
mh110 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 naca1110mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
mh113 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 naca1112mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
naca1114mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 naca643218 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
naca1116mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230 naca643418 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
naca1118mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231 naca643618 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
naca1120-mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232 naca644221 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
naca1122-mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233 naca644421 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
naca1124-mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234 naca651212 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
naca001234 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235 naca651412 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
naca001264 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236 naca652215 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296
naca001264a08cli0.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237 naca652415 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
naca2408mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238 naca652415a05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
naca2415 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 naca653218 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
naca6409mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240 naca654221 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
naca16006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 naca654421 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
naca16009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242 naca654421a05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302
naca16012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243 naca661212 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
naca16015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244 naca662215 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304
naca16018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 naca662415 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
naca16021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246 naca663218 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306
naca23012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247 naca663418 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
naca23015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248 naca664221 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308
naca23018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249 naca671215 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309
naca23021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250 nacacyh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
naca63010a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 nacam2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
naca63012a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252 nacam3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312
naca63015a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253 nacam6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
naca63206 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254 nacam12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314
naca63210a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255 nasasc2-0714 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315
naca63212 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256 ncambre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
naca63215 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 nl722343 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
naca63215b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258 nl722362 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318
naca63412 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259 nlf0115 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
naca63415 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260 nlf0215f . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
naca64008a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 nlf414f . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321
naca64012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262 nlf415 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322
naca64012a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263 nlf416 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323
naca64015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264 nlr1t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324
naca64015a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265 nlr7301 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325
naca64108 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266 nn7mk20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326
naca64110 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267 npl9510 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
naca64206 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268 npl9615 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
naca64208 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269 npl9626 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
naca64209 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270 npl9627 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330
naca64210 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271 nplx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
naca64212 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272 oa206 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332
naca64212mb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273 oa209 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333
naca65209 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274 oa213 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334
naca65210 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275 oaf095 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335
naca65410 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276 oaf102 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336
naca66206 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277 oaf117 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337
naca66209 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278 oaf128 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338
naca632615 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279 oaf139 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
naca633018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280 p51droot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
naca633218 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 p51dtip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
naca633418 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282 p51hroot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342
naca633618 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283 p51htip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
naca634221 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 pfcm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344
naca634421 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 psu-90-125wl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
naca641112 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286 psu94097 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
naca642215 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287 pt40 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
naca642415 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288 r140 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348
r140sm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349 s1046 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409
r1080 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350 s1048 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410
r1082 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351 s2027 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411
r1082t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352 s2046 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412
rae69ck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353 s2048 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413
rae100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354 s2050 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414
rae101 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355 s2055 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415
rae102 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356 s2060 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416
rae103 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357 s2062 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417
rae104 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358 s2091 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418
rae2822 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359 s3002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419
rae5212 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360 s3010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420
rae5213 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361 s3014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421
rae5214 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362 s3016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422
rae5215 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363 s3021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423
raf6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364 s3024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424
raf25 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365 s3025 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425
raf27 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366 s4022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 426
raf28 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367 s4053 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427
raf30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368 s4061 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 428
raf30md . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369 s4062 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429
raf31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370 s4083 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430
raf32 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371 s4110 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431
raf32md . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372 s4158 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432
raf34 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373 s4180 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433
raf38 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374 s4233 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434
raf48 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375 s4310 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435
raf69 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376 s4320 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436
raf89 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377 s5010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437
rc08b3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378 s5020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438
rc10b3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379 s6061 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439
rc10n1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380 s6062 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440
rc12b3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381 s6063 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441
rc12n1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382 s7012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 442
rc0864c . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383 s7055 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443
rcsc2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384 s7075 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444
rg8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385 s8025 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445
rg12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386 s8035 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446
rg12a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387 s8036 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447
rg12a189 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388 s8037 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 448
rg14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389 s8038 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449
rg14a147 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390 s8052 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450
rg15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391 s8055 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451
rg15a111 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392 s8064 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 452
rg15a213 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393 s8065 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 453
rg149 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394 s8066 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 454
rg1410 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395 s9000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455
rg1495 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396 s9026 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 456
rhodesg30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397 s9027 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457
rhodesg32 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398 s9032 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 458
rhodesg34 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399 s9033 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459
rhodesg36 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400 s9037 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 460
s3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401 sa7035 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461
s102b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402 sa7036 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 462
s102s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403 sa7038 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463
s1010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404 sc1095 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464
s1012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405 sc20010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465
s1014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406 sc20012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466
s1016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407 sc20402 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467
s1020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408 sc20403 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 468
sc20404 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 469 usa35b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 529
sc20406 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 470 usa40 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 530
sc20410 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471 usa40b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531
sc20412 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 472 usa41 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 532
sc20414 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473 usa45 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 533
sc20518 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474 usa45m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 534
sc20606 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475 usa46 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 535
sc20610 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 476 usa48 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 536
sc20612 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477 usa49 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537
sc20614 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 478 usa50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 538
sc20706 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479 usa51 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 539
sc20710 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 480 usa98 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 540
sc20712 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481 usnps4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 541
sc20714 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 482 v13006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 542
sc21006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 483 v13009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 543
sc21010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 484 v23010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 544
sd2030 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485 vr1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 545
sd2083 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 486 vr7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 546
sd5060 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487 vr7b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 547
sd6060 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 488 vr8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 548
sd6080 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 489 vr9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 549
sd7003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 490 vr11x . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 550
sd7032 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491 vr12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 551
sd7034 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 492 vr13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 552
sd7037 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493 vr14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 553
sd7043 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 494 vr15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 554
sd7062 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495 wb13535sm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 555
sd7080 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 496 whitcomb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 556
sd7084 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497 ys900 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557
sd7090 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498 ys915 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 558
sd8000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499 ys930 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 559
sd8020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500
sd8040 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501
sg6040 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 502
sg6041 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503
sg6042 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 504
sg6043 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505
sg6050 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 506
sg6051 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507
sm701 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 508
sokolov . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509
spicasm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 510
ssca07 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511
ssca09 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 512
stcyr24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513
stcyr172 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514
stcyr234 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 515
strand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 516
tempest1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 517
tsagi-r3a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 518
tsagi8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519
tsagi12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 520
ua79sf18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 521
uag8814320 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 522
ui1720 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 523
ultimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 524
us1000root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525
usa22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 526
usa35 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 527
usa35a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 528
1 Acknowledgements cating the trailing edge to make sure that the upper and
lower sides both ended at x=1.
This collection of parametrized airfoils would not have
been possible without the prior work of several indi-
viduals. Many thanks goes to Prof. Michael Selig at 3 Background
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign for supply-
ing the original point cloud airfoil database on which
this work is based. All my appreciation to Brenda Kul-A fundamental part of aircraft design involves wing air-
foil optimization, establishing an outer shape of the wing
fan from Boeing for her inspiring work on class function
/ shape function transformation technique. My warm which has good aerodynamic performance for the design
thanks tho the research team at Linköping University:mission, good internal volume distribution for fuel and
Anton Jonzén, Chetan Nangunoori, Jacob Bjärkmar, Jo-systems and which also serves as an efficient structural
han Karlén, Svante Löthgren and Vijaykumar Govin- member supporting the load of the weight of the air-
darajan. craft. The underlying idea with this parametrization is
to couple an appropriate number of parameters, balanc-
The author also wishes to thank the sponsors: VIN- ing the need of geometric accuracy with the necessity of
NOVA and the industrial partner Saab AB for their few airfoil parameters in order to facilitate en expedient
funding through Nationella Flygtekniska Frsksprogram- optimisation, with the intrinsic value of having param-
met, NFFP5. eters that makes sense for a human; such as thickness,
camber and trailing edge thickness. Several approaches
to parametrization of wing profiles can be found in the
literature.
2 Introduction
Airfoils can be described by point clouds as done in most
airfoil libraries [1]. The number of parameters is twice
This book is intended to serve as a reference for students, as large as the number of points used (x and y coordi-
engineers and researchers requiring a parametrized air- nates) and in the case of aerodynamic optimization this
foil that can model existing airfoils well as providing parametrization will most certainly be not well behaved,
a significant design space for optimisation. The pro- since no smoothing function is included and must there-
posed method covers at least one thousand of the known fore be employed. Other problems may arise for the fact
profiles used in aeronautics today, while enabling many that the airfoils sometimes are defined with too few co-
more. The method uses 15 parameters defining a wing ordinate points and/or too few decimals, a problem oc-
profile. This way many existing airfoils can be mod- curring especially with old airfoils. On the other hand,
elled with close tolerance. In the following volumes, the design space that this kind of parametrization allows
the parametrized airfoils are compared with the origi- representing is extremely large, as any and all shapes can
nal point cloud data. The comparison is made for ge- be reproduced, even degenerate ones.
ometrical and aerodynamic similarity, but is should be
noted that the point clouds used may in some instances Airfoils can also be represented by mathematical func-
not be representative for the original airfoil due to round tions. Among the most common representatives of this
off errors, discretisation error and other other unknown category are indeed the NACA 4-, 5- and 6-digits for-
errors. The parametrisation is intended for two dimen- mulations [2] [3]. Compared to point clouds, they could
sional airfoils but the method can easily be extended to be said to represent the opposite case: they are very
a three dimensional wing. well behaving parametrizations, but they cannot cover a
very large design space, since they only provide four to
The coordinate resolution becomes infinite and point dis- six parameters respectively to be tuned. The NACA 4
tribution becomes a non-issue by employing a functional digit series is particularly interesting as the parameters
parametric description with built-in smoothing and in- are a part of the name of the airfoil. In the case of the
terpolation. In order to facilitate this, some basic as- 5- and 6 digit series, the name is instead constructed
sumptions regarding the shape of an airfoil are made: from the airfoils aerodynamic characteristic and geome-
The airfoil is assumed to have one distinct top and bot- try. Another known set of theoretically defined airfoils
tom point, the chord line has a length of exactly one, are the Joukowski profiles [4]. Using the conformal map-
forming the x-axis of the profile, the trailing edge is as- ping method, airfoils with a round nose and sharp trail-
sumed to be either sharp, i.e. with a y-coordinate of zero ing edge can be represented. Sadly the method is not to
for both top and bottom sides, or blunt with the y coor- recommend for trying to match known airfoils and the
dinates of the top and bottom trailing edges being sym- design space it describes is quite confined to airfoils with
metric around the chord line. These assumptions means often poor performances.
that a lot of historical airfoils needed to be preprocessed
before they could be parametrized. Preprocessing usu- More recently a very interesting and powerful represen-
ally involved rotating the coordinate cloud to form an tation method, the class function/shape function’ trans-
x-axis from the nose to the trailing edge, scaling to set formation CST method was presented by Kulfan[5]. The
the length of the airfoil to exactly unity and finally trun- method is based on simple well behaved mathematical
1
functions that allow for increasing the number of pa-
rameters at will. Also the formulation is not restricted
to round nose and sharp trailing edge profiles, but can
describe almost any shape.
Figure 2: Parametrized transonic wing airfoil with
Beziér control points and control vectors, and the num-
bering of the control points.
4 Method
4.1 Model the curve, giving 26 variables when both x and y co-
ordinates are taken into account. However when some
The envelope of the airfoil is described by a set of para- symmetries and simplifications valid for wing profiles are
metric Beziér curves, which are closely related to Bern- taken into account the number of independent parame-
stein polynomials. The equation for an n-dimensional ters are reduced to 14. Control point 1 and 13 always
cubic Beziér curve is shown in equation 1. The cubic have the same x-coordinate, one, and the same absolute
Beziér curve requires the four control points, P0 to P3 value of their y-coordinate is also equal as their average,
in order to be defined. The points P0 to P2 span the the camber line, must be on the x-axis at the trailing
first control vector, and P2 to P3 span the second con- edge. Control points 3,4 and 5 on the bottom side have
trol vector, as shown in figure 1. The Beziér is tangential the same y-coordinate. The same goes for the top side
to the control vectors at the start and endpoints of the control points 9, 10 and 11. The leading edge points 6,7
curve. This behaviour will ensure that the leading edge and 8 all have an x-coordinate of zero. Table 1 show the
is tangential with the z-axis and that the curve at top dependent parameters for the control points.
point of the airfoil is tangential with the x-axis. The air-
Table 1: Coordinate dependency for the control points.
Some always take the value one or zero, while others
(a,b,c) always shares the same numerical while (xn yn )
are allowed any value.
Coordinate
Point nr. X Y
1 1 a
2 x2 y2
3 x3 b
4 x4 b
5 x5 b
6 0 y6
7 0 0
Figure 1: Generic cubic Beziér curve with the four con-
8 0 y8
trol points P0 to P3 marked. The Beziér is tangential
9 x9 c
to the control vectors at the start and endpoints of the
10 x10 c
curve.
11 x11 c
foil’s top and bottom curves are modelled individually 12 x12 y12
by two cubic Beziér curves in parametric form being C1 13 1 −a
continuous at the defined top and bottom points, as well
as the leading edge. C1 continuity was selected over C2
continuity in order to allow curve fitting with many older The control points for each of the investigated airfoils
airfoils which only exhibit C1 continuity. are available in this tabulated form in the results section
of this book.
B̄ = (1 − t)3 P̄0 + 3t(1 − t)2 P̄1 + 3t2 (1 − t)P̄2 + t3 P̄3 (1)
When modelling modern profiles, the proposed method
does allow C2 continuity as well. Figure 2 gives an ex- 4.2 Parameterization
ample of a transonic wing airfoil, the Lockheed C-5A
BL576, and show the outer envelope and the Beziér Handling the control point coordinates directly when
control points and control vectors. The control points specifying an airfoil is not user friendly. The coordi-
are numbered clockwise from the bottom side trailing nates themselves have no obvious relation to shape of
edge. The method of representing an airfoil is straight- the airfoil when reviewed alone and the possible range
forward. For a generic envelope built up by four cu- of the coordinate values exceed the allowed range for
bic Beziér curves, 13 control points are needed to define non-degenerate airfoils. To alleviate this concern, and
2
to reduce the number of free parameters, the following
parameter transformations are done:
The lengths of the control vectors are limited to prevent

degenerate cases. For example the upper leading edge Figure 4: Definition of the leading edge control vector
control vector needs to be shorter than the distance be- parameters.
tween the top point and the chord line to prevent leading
edge overshoot. Figure 3 shows the bounding box lim-
iting the range of the control vectors. None of the con- nr.10 to nr.9 has its length limited to a fraction, k2 , of the
trol points are allowed outside of this box, furthermore top point position in the same way in order to prevent
the trailing edge control vectors, governed by the two an overshoot of the profile into negative x-coordinates.
control points nr.2 and nr.12 may never reach further Likewise the control vector defined by points 10 to 11,
forward than points nr.3 and nr.11 respectively. -Shown the top to TE vector is a fraction k4 of the length be-
by the limit lines L1 and L2 in figure 3. Thickness: The tween the upper thickness position (nr.10) and the trail-
ing edge (x=1). The trailing edge is defined by five pa-
Figure 5: Definition of the top side control vector pa-

rameters.
Figure 3: Bounding box of the control vectors, together
with the trailing edge vectors forward limits L1 and L2 .
rameters, some shown in figure 6. The trailing edge gap
g, is the distance between the upper and lower side of
x and y coordinates of the top and bottom points (nr. the airfoil at the trailing edge. It is parametrized accord-
4 and nr.10) are kept as is and named upper thickness ing to equation 4, where Gmax is the maximum allowed
and upper thickness position and similarly for the lower trailing edge gap of 5% of the chord.
side. The upper height is parametrized as a factor k4
times the maximum allowed upper thickness, 0.15, ac- g = k15 · Gmax (4)
cording to equation 2. As the lower side is treated in the
The release angle α, which is the angle between the cam-
same way, this means that the maximum thickness al-
ber line tangent and the chord line at the trailing edge,
lowed with this parametrization is 30% of the chord. The
is parametrized similarly according to equation 5. The
difference between the upper and lower thickness then
release angle is a fraction k14 times the maximum al-
becomes the ram thickness. The ram thickness equals
lowed release angle αmax of 0.35 radians ( about 20◦ ).
the airfoil thickness in case the thickness positions are
Is should be noted that the release angle may take on
equals. If the upper and lower thickness positions are
both positive and negative values.
not equal, the ram thickness will be slightly larger than
the traditional airfoil thickness. α=k ·α (5)
14 max
y9,10,11 = hu = k5 · 0.15 (2) The boat tail angle β, which is the angle between tan-
gents of the upper and lower sides of the airfoil at the
Control vectors: The upper leading edge control vec-
trailing edge is defined in equation 6. It is treated in a
tor spanned by its start point, the leading edge at [0 0]
similar way to the release angle. The boat tail angle β is
which is point nr.7, and point nr.8. The length of this
a factor k13 times the maximum allowed boat tail angle
vector is defined as a fraction k1 of the upper thickness
βmax of 1 radian ( about 57◦ ).
hu , according to equation 3 The constant k1 is then only
allowed to be in the range [0..1], see figure 4. This en- β = k13 · βmax (6)
sures that the part of the profile going from the leading
edge to the top point does not overshoot the top points
y value.
y8 = k1 · hu (3)
The top side of the airfoil is controlled by three param-
eters, shown in figure 5. The top point position Pu is
in itself a fraction of the chord length and need not to
be parametrized further, is renamed k3 . The two frac- Figure 6: Definition of the top side control vector pa-
tions k2 and k4 control the lengths of the forward and rameters.
aft control vectors. The control vector going from the
top point towards the leading edge, i.e. between points
3
The length of the upper and lower side trailing edge con- from 10% to 1.6% for each parameter value. Some mod-
trol vectors together with the trailing edge gap, the boat ification to the new base numbering has to be made as
tail angle and the release angle determines the position both zero and one needs to be modelled, and any double
of control points nr. 2 and nr. 12. These lengths are are digit parameter is disallowed. The encoding follows the
also parametrized according to equation 7. The length RFC3548 [6]. The series [0, 1, 2, .., 25, 26, ..., 51, 52, ...63]
of the upper vector, V , is a fraction k11 of the maximum maps to [A, B, C, .., Z, a, ..., z, 0, ... ]. By rounding the
allowed length Vmax . The maximum allowed length is in base 10 multi-decimal parameter towards the closest
turn dependent on the bounding box of the airfoil and 63:rd as shown in table 3, a reasonable accurate value
the position of the forward limit L1 set by the x-position can be stored in a single digit. With this system an air-
of control point nr. 11.
Table 3: Base change example.
V = k11,12 · Vmax (7)
The parameters of the lower side of the airfoil are de- Parameter 63:rds base 64 error
fined in the same manner as the upper side parameters, k1 = 0 0 A 0%
numbering the parameters in the same way from 6 to 10. k2 = 0.3333 21 V 0%
k3 = 0.5 32 g 1.6 %
With the five parameters defining the trailing edge, the k4 = 0.7 44 s -0.3 %
number of parameters are now reduced to 15. See table k5 = 1 63 0%
2. By the limits of the fractions many degenerate airfoils
are now hard to impossible to generate. By using the
chord length as normalizing agent, the parameters are foil with know parameters k to k can be expressed as
1 15
also dimensionless and fully scalable. a single string. For example will the Naca747a415 profile
shown in figure 6 be represented as the string shown in
Table 2: Parameter names and order. table 4
Table 4: Base 64 representation:

Name Parameter Range
Upper side
Upper nose fraction k1 [0..1] ggaQszVsoTL8DeA
Upper forward fraction k2 [0..1]
Upper thickness position k3 [0..1]
Upper rearward fraction k4 [0..1]
Upper thickness k5 [0..1]
Lower side 4.4 Reproducing known airfoils
Lower nose fraction k6 [0..1]
Lower forward fraction k7 [0..1] In many design cases it will not be appropriate to start
Lower thickness position k8 [0..1] with a generic airfoil for design optimization. Instead,
Lower rearward fraction k8 [0..1] by employing a known airfoil, whether it is a Clark-Y,
Lower thickness k10 [0..1] NACA0012 or any other known airfoil there is a need
of having the traditional airfoil shape expressed in the
Trailing edge
proposed parameters. Modelling known airfoils require
Upper length fraction k11 [0..1]
slightly more work than creating new airfoils.
Lower length fraction k12 [0..1]
Boat tail angle fraction k13 [0..1] When fitting known wing profiles to the parametrization,
Release angle fraction k10 [0..1] the input data are sometimes in poor condition and in
Trailing edge gap fraction k10 [0..1] need of preprocessing. The point cloud must have its
leading edge at [0 0] and the trailing edge cord have to
end at [1 0], if the profile has a trailing edge gap, this
should be symmetrically distributed around the [1 0]. If
this is not the case som geometrical rotation, transla-
4.3 Base change tion and scaling will have to be employed. This means
that some aerodynamic properties such has zero lift an-
gle and stall angle of attack will shift when comparing
By listing the parameters k1 to k15 when rounded of the parametrized airfoil with external aero data.
to the nearest tenth, a 15 digit number could be used
to present a large set of airfoils. This approach would One example of a wing profile that needs preprocessing is
however introduce large round off errors which would the Clark-Y profile, an older propeller profile today used
make the process of modelling known airfoils trouble- frequently amongst model aircraft builders for its ease
some. This is alleviated by changing the base from base of manufacture rather than aerodynamic performance.
10 to base 64. With base 64 the resolution increases The coordinate data for the Clark-Y profile, as presented
4
in some databases [7] has the lower side flank parallel to scatter is found any offset bias or systematic error can
the x-axis, rather than letting the chord line define the be assumed to be small.
x-axis.
To further investigate the correlation between the orig-
A starting guess of parameters were created by evaluat- inal data point cloud and the parametric wing pro-
ing the profile radius at the leading edge, top and bot- file, an aerodynamic study was performed utilizing the
tom, at the upper maximum y- position and at the lower panel method XFOIL [8]. The original airfoil and the
minimum y-position. Together with the trailing edge parametrized airfoil were both subjected to a CL sweep
gap and the slope of the upper and lower sides of the ranging from −0.3 to 1 at a Reynolds number of 6 · 106 .
airfoil at the trailing edge. The radius at these points The drag and moment coefficients were evaluated, as well
are computed with a three point circle algorithm from as the boundary layer transition point for both profiles.
which the length of the control vectors can be computed
according to equation 8, where a is the outgoing control The proposed parametrization method was tested on a
vector length and h the perpendicular distance to the set of over 1100 different airfoils. Results for these pro-
next control point as shown in figure 7. files are presented in this report, in the catalog section.
For each of the investigated airfoils the reported curva-
1 2h ture distribution graph is truncated at the leading edge
= 3 (8) in order to give a better scale of the results for the rest of
r 3a
the profile. Each profile is reported on a separate page
consisting of the following sections
• Full name, if one is available
• Data source, usually the UIUC [1] database, but

also NACA or other sources.
• A geometry plot, showing both a scaled up y-axis

Figure 7: Definition radius parameters. with camber and thickness, as well as an axis equal
profile plot.
• A geometrical data table containing maximum

thickness, maximum thickness position etc...
With the obtained starting guess, a standard optimiza-
tion is run in MATLAB to fit the parameter curve to the • Coordinates of the Beziér curve control points.
corresponding point cloud. The mathematical method • Base 64 parametrized airfoil name
used is the built-in fsolve method, which in this case
utilizes the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. The run is • A table showing the average errors in position, cur-
set to minimize the root mean square error of the verti- vature as well as errors in drag- and pitching mo-
cal position of the coordinate points between parameter ment coefficient and transition point position for
points and point cloud. control point and parameter curves at a standard
CL of 0.3
The optimization is nested in two layers in order to treat
the parameter nature of the Beziér curve. The outer loop • A graph showing the position and curvature error
solves for the control parameters governing the curve over the entire profile.
segment in question and an inner loop solving for the
curvilinear position parameter vector t, with respect to • A figure showing the error in drag- and pitching
the x coordinate. As the original data points may have moment coefficient as well as the error in transition
any distribution along the x-axis, it cannot be assumed point position for a range of lift coefficients.
that the t vector in equation 1 is evenly distributed.
The optimization results is evaluated both from a geo-

metrical point of view, were the error of vertical position
5 Discussion
of each point is plotted for the profile. The average RMS
error for the profile is a general quality control. The av- The conducted aerodynamic study covers only some
erage RMS error was usually in the order of 10−4 , ne- aerodynamic phenomena in the linear domain of low
cessitating the use of the unit error counts (ects), where speed flight. For a more thorough comparison higer or-
1 ects = 10−4 . Similarly, the curvature and error in der effects needs to be modelled. Notably stall angle of
curvature between were evaluated Notably many of the attack and post-stall behaviour, which cannot be cap-
available airfoils had very noisy curvature distributions, tured well with XFOIL. Likewise High speed shock for-
making an error plot of curvature fitting interesting but mation similarities and drag rise needs to be assessed
not a good indicator to whether the parametric inter- before this parametric wing profile description can be
polation was good or bad. Instead, as long as a good said to model the point cloud airfoils in every aspect.
5
The method as described does not require C2 continuity [6] S. Josefsson, Ed., The Base16, Base32, and Base64
at the top and bottom points. Adding this constraint Data Encodings, Request for Comments: 3548, Net-
to the method will reduce the number of free parame- work Working Group, The Internet Society, 2003.
ters with two, and also give a more traditional curvature
continuity. However, the geometrical fitting of known [7] Louden, F A , Collection of wind-tunnel data
airfoils would suffer in having a higher geometrical er- on commonly used wing sections, NACA-TR-331,
ror. For most known airfoils tested, the optimized cur- 93R20691,1930
vature is indeed discontinuous, but with a very small [8] Drela, M, XFOIL - An analysis and design system
step. This discontinuity does not appear to have a sig- for low Reynolds number airfoils, Proceedings of the
nificant impact on the aerodynamic performance of the Conference, Notre Dame, Germany; 5-7 June 1989.
parametrized airfoil. pp. 1-12. 1989.
Some of the airfoils in the catalog have an improper set
of control points. In the numerical optimisation used
to compute the control points, some profiles got a zero 7 Airfoil Catalog
length control vector at the trailing edge. While the
geometric representation using the control points works,
as well as creating the base 64 string, creating control .
points from the BM64 string will not work. The zero-
length control vector destroys the information about its
orientation.
6 Software
MATLAB code needed for evaluating the airfoils in the

database, as well as an electronic version of the database
will be available at:
Linköping University:
http://www.iei.liu.se/flumes/aircraft-design/
software
and at Redhammer Consulting:
http://www.redhammer.se/software
References
[1] Michael Selig, UIUC Airfoil Coordinates
Database, University of Illinois at Urbana-
Champaign, Dept of Aerospace Engineering,
Urbana, Illinois, http://www.ae.illinois.edu/m-
selig/ads/coord database.html, webpage retrieved
2012-01-01
[2] E. N. Jacobs, K. E. Ward, & R. M. Pinkerton The

characteristics of 78 related airfoil sections from tests
in the variable-density wind tunnel, NACA Report
No. 460,1933
[3] P. Marzocca. The NACA airfoil series, Clarkson Uni-

versity, Retrieved 07-03-2009.
[4] R. Von Mises, Theory of Flight, Dover Publications

Inc., New York, 1959
[5] B. Kulfan, Universal Parametric Geometry Repre-

sentation Method, AIAA Journal of Aircraft, vol.45
no.1, pp.142-158, 2008
6
Profile: goe673 Table 8: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Control points Base64
RMS position error: 2.2 4.457 ects
Information: Gottingen 673 airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Reference: UIUC CD error 1.4 -1.3 dcts
Cm error 2 -2 mcts
Upper transition point -2.48 1.73 %
Figure 8: Wing profile with camber and thickness dis- Figure 9: Error distribution of vertical position and
tribution. curvature of the parameter curve.
Table 5: Geometrical properties

Maximum Thickness: 10.7812 % @0.35C
Maximum Camber: 2.7651 % @0.47C
Trailing Edge Gap: 0.4 %C
Upper nose radius: 0.18724 %C
Lower nose radius: 0.16614 %C
Boat-Tail Angle: 13.5355 deg
Release Angle: 6.1497 deg
Nose Incidence: 5.2022 deg
Camber deflection: 11.3519 deg
Table 6: Controlpoints
1 -0.002
0.68741 -0.0053721
0.49986 -0.02985
0.20121 -0.02985
0.064908 -0.02985
0 -0.008479
0 0
0 0.010842
0.094169 0.08057
0.39674 0.08057
0.47118 0.08057
0.68855 0.073432
1 0.002

JwZIhSqNYN5nPpK
Figure 10: Error distribution of drag- and pitching mo-

ment, as well as the error of top and bottom transition
points.
7
Reference: UIUC CD error 0.4 1.8 dcts
Cm error -11 4 mcts
Upper transition point 1.11 0.31 %

1 -0.00175
0.37714 0.004741
0.21775 -0.03335
0.07616 -0.03335
0.056358 -0.03335
0 -0.029014
0 0
0 0.032398
0.065372 0.13024
0.39547 0.13024
0.65942 0.13024
0.93386 0.021142
1 0.00175

Q0Zc33RFKOMyStJ

points.
8
Information: Gottingen 676 (= M 12) RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Reference: UIUC CD error -3.4 -2.9 dcts
Cm error 3 -1 mcts

1 -0.0015
0.71216 -0.037703
0.44935 -0.0395
0.39994 -0.0395
0.061709 -0.0395
0 -0.02695
0 0
0 0.034413
0.14426 0.0795
0.30012 0.0795
0.47469 0.0795
0.57928 0.072206
1 0.0015

cgTQhr1aFR58ThI

points.
9
Information: Gottingen 677 (= M 6) airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 20 1 mcts
Release Angle: -0.46463 deg

1 -0.002
0.81657 -0.030722
0.71657 -0.0385
0.39992 -0.0385
0.025042 -0.0385
0 -0.023952
0 0
0 0.034709
0.14476 0.082
0.30016 0.082
0.52017 0.082
0.58364 0.060294
1 0.002

bgTUin7ahQ3xTfK

points.
10
Cm error -1 -42 mcts
Upper transition point -3.35 -1.67 %
Trailing Edge Gap: 0 %C

1 0
0.73876 -0.016218
0.25203 -0.054051
0.15367 -0.054051
0.12294 -0.054051
0 -0.047564
0 0
0 0.044012
0.079887 0.13478
0.29083 0.13478
0.53305 0.13478
0.82797 0.072329
1 0

VtTW53NKHXhWsvA

points.
11
Information: Gottingen 681 airfoil RMS curvature error: 69.75 70.55 %
Cm error 11 -3 mcts

1 0
0.25766 -0.046084
0.1813 -0.04893
0.15306 -0.04893
0.10616 -0.04893
0 -0.04337
0 0
0 0.035869
0.07545 0.12576
0.29214 0.12576
0.4571 0.12576
0.61426 0.11067
1 0

SuTP14UKCV37WpA

points.
12
Cm error 16 34 mcts

1 0
0.45629 0.0065031
0.17259 -0.0225
0.1 -0.0225
0.052614 -0.0225
0 -0.021735
0 0
0 0.03137
0.11286 0.0945
0.3 0.0945
0.47546 0.0945
0.65122 0.08316
1 0

VnTQn9eGFK3pOqA

points.
13
Reference: UIUC CD error -4 -4 dcts
Cm error 32 45 mcts
Camber deflection: -1.9541 deg

1 0
0.89028 -0.053403
0.3842 -0.07
0.3 -0.07
0.16179 -0.07
0 -0.0616
0 0
0 0.048431
0.11579 0.129
0.3 0.129
0.48875 0.129
0.66268 0.07636
1 0

YmTR23sTIepwqVA

points.
14
Reference: UIUC CD error 2.6 -3 dcts
Cm error 13 -20 mcts

1 0
0.35174 0.0093735
0.27396 -0.04155
0.15204 -0.04155
0.094265 -0.04155
0 -0.034486
0 0
0 0.045976
0.16646 0.10096
0.29505 0.10096
0.42913 0.10096
0.59631 0.096902
1 0

scTMq0YKJS84OrA

points.
15
Cm error 19 27 mcts

1 -0.0025
0.27392 -0.035701
0.16941 -0.040245
0.1499 -0.040245
0.056415 -0.040245
0 -0.031391
0 0
0 0.022101
0.053925 0.1295
0.40032 0.1295
0.6248 0.1295
0.93473 0.026643
1 0.0025

L2aY2xnKBRM3atN

points.
16

1 -0.0025
0.90193 -0.0072038
0.21593 -0.0308
0.099923 -0.0308
0.073943 -0.0308
0 -0.027104
0 0
0 0.0081769
0.032666 0.0953
0.40024 0.0953
0.57808 0.0953
0.83768 0.043393
1 0.0025

F6aTo3RGINcLToN

points.
17
Cm error 92 64 mcts
Release Angle: 0 deg

1 0
0.99357 -0.00171
0.78573 -0.075
0.4 -0.075
0.17709 -0.075
0 -0.065451
0 0
0 0.06388
0.16199 0.12
0.3 0.12
0.43179 0.12
0.60304 0.1056
1 0

hsTMy3jaog3CggA

points.
18
Cm error 26 25 mcts

1 -0.00275
0.86409 -0.027145
0.77246 -0.04454
0.20077 -0.04454
0.076293 -0.04454
0 -0.025388
0 0
0 0.017611
0.060689 0.08565
0.29852 0.08565
0.60527 0.08565
0.70527 0.044963
1 0.00275

NyTckjnNtTvlUeO

points.
19
Cm error -10 19 mcts

1 -0.0070002
0.14092 -0.012156
0.044412 -0.012855
0.024911 -0.012855
0.020676 -0.012855
0 -0.011312
0 0
0 0.019404
0.071989 0.1373
0.30097 0.1373
0.57888 0.1373
0.81727 0.078336
1 0.0070002

JwTZ63LCBFi5Ywj

points.
20

1 0
0.88066 -0.024029
0.58481 -0.057
0.2 -0.057
0.162 -0.057
0 -0.05643
0 0
0 0.029126
0.054213 0.14425
0.3 0.14425
0.49188 0.14425
0.83099 0.012575
1 0

NzTS9-MNfYVbRaA

points.
21
Cm error -7 11 mcts

1 0
0.95936 -0.0069403
0.55382 -0.05595
0.3 -0.05595
0.13625 -0.05595
0 -0.049236
0 0
0 0.038677
0.088837 0.09845
0.3 0.09845
0.53506 0.09845
0.7593 0.012729
1 0

ZsTVp3iTXYgIOaA

points.
22
Reference: UIUC CD error 1.7 2 dcts
Cm error 4 10 mcts

1 0
0.59123 0.0023642
0.38641 -0.0271
0.2 -0.0271
0.020148 -0.0271
0 -0.015852
0 0
0 0.037276
0.13711 0.11435
0.3 0.11435
0.4665 0.11435
0.56177 0.10483
1 0

ViTPwk5NPM6qPqA

points.
23

1 0
0.59732 -0.045674
0.38317 -0.0465
0.3 -0.0465
0.048024 -0.0465
0 -0.021789
0 0
0 0.050524
0.1175 0.0743
0.25 0.0743
0.35708 0.0743
0.73631 0.031565
1 0

rhQJge1TIUb-PgA

points.
24
Cm error 18 -1 mcts

1 0
0.49884 -0.04339
0.28255 -0.0452
0.25 -0.0452
0.14874 -0.0452
0 -0.0452
0 0
0 0.06
0.122 0.075
0.2 0.075
0.31644 0.075
0.36907 0.059273
1 0

yZNJg aQDT68MgA

points.
25
Reference: UIUC CD error NaN NaN dcts
Cm error NaN NaN mcts
Upper transition point NaN NaN %

1 0
0.29498 -0.0055062
0.20295 -0.03042
0.05 -0.03042
0.040449 -0.03042
0 -0.029013
0 0
0 0.003462
0.005 0.1154
0.25 0.1154
0.42041 0.1154
0.60006 0.072374
1 0

C-QPw8MDKNr4MnA

points.
26

1 -0.0013
0.61164 -0.042666
0.51164 -0.06493
0.29992 -0.06493
0.12422 -0.06493
0 -0.033137
0 0
0 0.084462
0.15696 0.14497
0.30019 0.14497
0.45279 0.14497
0.55279 0.10716
1 0.0013

kfTO9gkTTczyWlH

points.
27
Reference: UIUC CD error -0.4 0.3 dcts
Cm error -2 -7 mcts
Maximum Camber: -0.0088208 % @0.02C
Nose Incidence: -0.23013 deg

1 -0.0022
0.77884 -0.056906
0.49067 -0.105
0.29977 -0.105
0.10587 -0.105
0 -0.058316
0 0
0 0.057171
0.10358 0.105
0.30023 0.105
0.49168 0.105
0.78011 0.056671
1 0.0022

ipTSsjoTRshhfgL

points.
28
Cm error 0 6 mcts
Upper transition point 0.33 -0.64 %

1 -0.0026
0.86912 -0.041377
0.53746 -0.125
0.29968 -0.125
0.10341 -0.125
0 -0.068477
0 0
0 0.066607
0.10035 0.125
0.30033 0.125
0.53849 0.125
0.87028 0.041113
1 0.0026

hqTW0ipTW0UUkgN

points.
29
Maximum Thickness: 12 % @0.5C
Maximum Camber: 1 % @0.5C

1 0
0.82172 -0.046028
0.6235 -0.05
0.5 -0.05
0.28486 -0.05
0 -0.024061
0 0
0 0.015705
0.2476 0.07
0.5 0.07
0.64575 0.07
0.74575 0.040589
1 0

OggTefcgQVt6abA

points.
30
Reference: UIUC CD error -8.3 NaN dcts
Cm error -45 NaN mcts

1 0
0.94354 -0.0041628
0.16352 -0.02065
0.14645 -0.02065
0.069239 -0.02065
0 -0.018172
0 0
0 0.017681
0.091856 0.06385
0.37059 0.06385
0.6068 0.06385
0.91712 0.019091
1 0

SvYYb3hJBJTNTmA

points.
31
Profile: goe795sm Table 108: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Gottingen 795 airfoil (smoothed) RMS curvature error: 61.36 63.47 %

1 0
0.98591 -0.0034185
0.15574 -0.020633
0.14645 -0.020633
0.051575 -0.020633
0 -0.015038
0 0
0 0.019043
0.09778 0.064007
0.3706 0.064007
0.6642 0.064007
0.99658 0.0028774
1 0

TuYebuoJBJDL70A

points.
32
Upper transition point 0.18 1 %

1 -0.004
0.28233 -0.035365
0.18233 -0.0406
0.14984 -0.0406
0.030967 -0.0406
0 -0.027608
0 0
0 0.014323
0.035821 0.1276
0.40051 0.1276
0.56839 0.1276
0.80526 0.069508
1 0.004

H5aS1ryKCRh3YsU

points.
33
Information: Gottingen 801 (MVA 301) airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 -0.002
0.22835 0.039974
0.12136 -0.011875
0.012476 -0.011875
0.0098563 -0.011875
0 -0.010474
0 0
0 0.05018
0.13138 0.109
0.30022 0.109
0.53291 0.109
0.68877 0.082133
1 0.002

sjTVu3NBHFv3NtK

points.
34
Reference: UIUC CD error -63 -7.1 dcts
Cm error 0 -19 mcts

1 -0.002
0.22835 0.039974
0.12136 -0.011875
0.012476 -0.011875
0.009981 -0.011875
0 -0.01045
0 0
0 0.050181
0.13138 0.109
0.30022 0.109
0.53291 0.109
0.68877 0.082133
1 0.002

sjTVu3NBHFv3NtK

points.
35
Profile: goe803h Table 124: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Gottingen 803 (Hacklinger) airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 117 74 mcts

1 -0.0015
0.40338 0.10527
0.031494 -0.012523
0.014981 -0.012523
0.013183 -0.012523
0 -0.01102
0 0
0 0.0039194
0.0066671 0.0916
0.40014 0.0916
0.57952 0.0916
0.93614 0.018868
1 0.0015

D-aTm3IBBFMmGzI

points.
36
Information: Gottingen 804 (EA 8) airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 55 35 mcts

1 0
0.68606 0.084766
0.025975 -0.00582
0.025 -0.00582
0.023552 -0.00582
0 -0.0051216
0 0
0 0.022246
0.13169 0.0915
0.5 0.0915
0.53544 0.0915
0.80196 0.088518
1 0

QugFm3ECAC9VK A

points.
37
Profile: gs1 Table 132: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Gluharoff/Sikorsky GS-1 airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 22 34 mcts
Figure 101: Wing profile with camber and thickness Figure 102: Error distribution of vertical position and
distribution. curvature of the parameter curve.

1 0
0.55078 0.0051334
0.2805 -0.0417
0.15 -0.0417
0.1005 -0.0417
0 -0.0417
0 0
0 0.052974
0.17913 0.1065
0.3 0.1065
0.41985 0.1065
0.58726 0.1065
1 0

gaTLs VKKS nPrA

points.
38
Profile: hobie Table 136: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Hobie Hawk airfoil (Hobie Hawk R/C sailplane) RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 0
0.51653 0.028247
0.2401 -0.01778
0.1 -0.01778
0.013019 -0.01778
0 -0.011268
0 0
0 0.02154
0.11094 0.07911
0.35 0.07911
0.58935 0.07911
0.89088 0.022299
1 0

RrWYho3GKISoJrA

points.
39
Profile: hobiesm Table 140: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Hobie Hawk airfoil (Hobie Hawk R/C sailplane) RMS curvature error: 43.52 43.72 %
Reference: UIUC CD error -0.5 0 dcts
Cm error 5 22 mcts

1 0
0.50092 0.026959
0.25688 -0.020407
0.087552 -0.020407
0.034117 -0.020407
0 -0.010325
0 0
0 0.014408
0.10738 0.077671
0.34981 0.077671
0.49584 0.077671
0.66524 0.063709
1 0

MrWOggmGMJzqJqA

points.
40
Profile: HOR20 Table 144: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: ONERA HOR20 - Onera propeller blade airfoils RMS curvature error: 52.18 51.79 %
Lower nose radius: Inf %C

1 -0.00675
0.62385 0.0052042
0.37271 -0.082656
0.1797 -0.082656
0 -0.082656
0 -0.015151
0 0
0 0.037413
0.075192 0.12656
0.30405 0.12656
0.49202 0.12656
0.74362 0.058563
1 0.00675

TvTR1M MPiglLqi

points.
41
Profile: hq07 Table 148: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Quabeck HQ 0/7 R/C sailplane airfoil RMS curvature error: 83.64 80.4 %
Cm error -1 3 mcts
Maximum Camber: -3.4994e-007 % @0.55C
Release Angle: -9.0161e-007 deg
Nose Incidence: 0 deg
Camber deflection: -9.0161e-007 deg

1 0
0.75837 -0.010413
0.59968 -0.03499
0.33933 -0.03499
0.086752 -0.03499
0 -0.013244
0 0
0 0.013244
0.086752 0.03499
0.33933 0.03499
0.59968 0.03499
0.75837 0.010413
1 0

YvWZPYvWZPmmGgA

points.
42
Information: Quabeck HQ 0/9 R/C sailplane airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 0 -1 mcts

1 0
0.75816 -0.012082
0.59977 -0.04056
0.33933 -0.04056
0.087062 -0.04056
0 -0.015398
0 0
0 0.015398
0.087062 0.04056
0.33933 0.04056
0.59977 0.04056
0.75816 0.012083
1 0

YvWZRYvWZRmmGgA

points.
43
Information: Quabeck HQ 0/10 R/C sailplane airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Reference: UIUC CD error 0 0.2 dcts
Cm error 2 3 mcts
Maximum Camber: 1.1056e-006 % @0.75C

1 0
0.75848 -0.014873
0.59952 -0.05
0.33933 -0.05
0.087108 -0.05
0 -0.018981
0 0
0 0.018981
0.087108 0.05
0.33933 0.05
0.59952 0.05
0.75848 0.014873
1 0

YvWZVYvWZVmmIgA

points.
44
Information: Quabeck HQ 1.0/8 R/C sailplane airfoil RMS curvature error: 37.74 36.85 %
Cm error -5 3 mcts

1 0
0.74357 -0.0020833
0.59291 -0.03037
0.325 -0.03037
0.012294 -0.03037
0 -0.0038395
0 0
0 0.01287
0.067827 0.04945
0.35 0.04945
0.59881 0.04945
0.74599 0.024292
1 0

RzWYVI9VZNonHjA

points.
45
Cm error -4 0 mcts

1 0
0.74711 -0.003616
0.59254 -0.03536
0.325 -0.03536
0.052318 -0.03536
0 -0.010778
0 0
0 0.014945
0.071198 0.05455
0.35 0.05455
0.5971 0.05455
0.75668 0.024694
1 0

SyWYXU1VZPmnHjA

points.
46

1 0
0.72322 0.002332
0.5851 -0.02562
0.325 -0.02562
0.273 -0.02562
0 -0.025364
0 0
0 0.015734
0.079335 0.05408
0.35 0.05408
0.60065 0.05408
0.73408 0.031362
1 0

TwWZX-KVZLqqHlA

points.
47
Information: Quabeck HQ 1.5/9 R/C sailplane airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error -8 3 mcts

1 0
0.74544 0.0017415
0.58353 -0.03063
0.325 -0.03063
0.023325 -0.03063
0 -0.0068101
0 0
0 0.018953
0.086421 0.05921
0.35 0.05921
0.59551 0.05921
0.73311 0.033401
1 0

UvWYZO6VZNpmIlA

points.
48
Profile: hq159b Table 176: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Quabeck HQ 1.5/9 B R/C sailplane airfoil RMS curvature error: 34.86 35.99 %
Cm error 6 -7 mcts

1 0
0.742 0.0023757
0.60729 -0.0306
0.30866 -0.0306
0.055733 -0.0306
0 -0.010614
0 0
0 0.017263
0.071588 0.05928
0.37059 0.05928
0.6067 0.05928
0.79251 0.024747
1 0

TzYYZWzUcNhpHlA

points.
49

1 0
0.73461 0.009139
0.59771 -0.02099
0.3 -0.02099
0.23047 -0.02099
0 -0.02078
0 0
0 0.01344
0.059472 0.05909
0.375 0.05909
0.6123 0.05909
0.79455 0.027962
1 0

P1YYZ-PTbJhpGnA

points.
50
Cm error -3 10 mcts

1 0
0.73067 0.0073669
0.60447 -0.02591
0.3 -0.02591
0.027733 -0.02591
0 -0.0077386
0 0
0 0.014091
0.055268 0.06405
0.375 0.06405
0.61251 0.06405
0.80598 0.027433
1 0

O2YYbT5TcLgrHnA

points.
51
Profile: hq259b Table 188: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Quabeck HQ 2.5/9 B R/C sailplane airfoil RMS curvature error: 51.2 52.76 %
Cm error 2 23 mcts

1 0
0.79163 0.017257
0.57096 -0.0223
0.3 -0.0223
0.011491 -0.0223
0 -0.0077005
0 0
0 0.031553
0.12169 0.06844
0.35 0.06844
0.61548 0.06844
0.70406 0.051644
1 0

epWasW9TZKwfGrA

points.
52
Cm error -7 10 mcts

1 0
0.72401 0.019292
0.62401 -0.01679
0.25 -0.01679
0.11517 -0.01679
0 -0.014173
0 0
0 0.0199
0.079438 0.07378
0.375 0.07378
0.61335 0.07378
0.78723 0.040183
1 0

RxYYf1iQgHiuHrA

points.
53
Reference: UIUC CD error NaN 17.6 dcts
Cm error NaN -8 mcts

1 0
0.69298 0.027534
0.66297 -0.00805
0.15 -0.00805
0.020322 -0.00805
0 -0.0058765
0 0
0 0.014524
0.065933 0.07368
0.375 0.07368
0.59522 0.07368
0.74843 0.051844
1 0

N0YXfu2KmDs5HtA

points.
54

1 0
0.72929 0.025217
0.62929 -0.01248
0.2 -0.01248
0.091389 -0.01248
0 -0.011795
0 0
0 0.01479
0.060572 0.07862
0.375 0.07862
0.61197 0.07862
0.7745 0.047623
1 0

M1YYh7iNhFmuHtA

points.
55
Reference: UIUC CD error -1.7 -2 dcts
Cm error -4 -1 mcts

1 0
0.73754 -0.0058524
0.59687 -0.04028
0.325 -0.04028
0.052578 -0.04028
0 -0.012008
0 0
0 0.015065
0.063522 0.0594
0.35 0.0594
0.59586 0.0594
0.7453 0.027826
1 0

QzWYZT1VaRnpIjA

points.
56
Cm error -1 -1 mcts

1 0
0.73275 -0.0095562
0.59875 -0.05026
0.325 -0.05026
0.064275 -0.05026
0 -0.016719
0 0
0 0.017865
0.062736 0.06939
0.35 0.06939
0.59225 0.06939
0.74011 0.03193
1 0

Q0WYeVyVaVoqKjA

points.
57
Cm error -4 9 mcts

1 0
0.74724 0.00034487
0.58802 -0.03559
0.325 -0.03559
0.015786 -0.03559
0 -0.0059773
0 0
0 0.021166
0.087271 0.0642
0.35 0.0642
0.59519 0.0642
0.73275 0.035203
1 0

VvWYbL8VZPpmIlA

points.
58

1 0
0.77052 0.00028944
0.57912 -0.04069
0.33928 -0.04069
0.020194 -0.04069
0 -0.0081993
0 0
0 0.028985
0.11605 0.06931
0.33928 0.06931
0.60371 0.06931
0.72092 0.038162
1 0

bpWaeN7WXRsiJmA

points.
59
Cm error -2 -3 mcts

1 0
0.73689 -0.0035308
0.5938 -0.04551
0.325 -0.04551
0.027677 -0.04551
0 -0.0089779
0 0
0 0.026398
0.091526 0.07418
0.35 0.07418
0.59177 0.07418
0.73021 0.039252
1 0

XuWYgN6VZTpoKlA

points.
60
Information: Quabeck HQ 1.5/8.5 R/C sailplane airfoil RMS curvature error: 37.26 36.87 %
Cm error -4 17 mcts

1 0
0.72597 0.0042787
0.62597 -0.0296
0.25 -0.0296
0.11203 -0.0296
0 -0.018251
0 0
0 0.016957
0.076496 0.0568
0.35 0.0568
0.62277 0.0568
0.73448 0.02925
1 0

TxWbYmiQgNsuGlA

points.
61

1 0
0.74776 0.0059155
0.58317 -0.03085
0.325 -0.03085
0.031306 -0.03085
0 -0.009942
0 0
0 0.014051
0.04929 0.06901
0.375 0.06901
0.6075 0.06901
0.79317 0.030584
1 0

N3YYsV5VYNhmInA

points.
62

1 0
0.73195 0.0017774
0.59012 -0.04084
0.325 -0.04084
0.023325 -0.04084
0 -0.009242
0 0
0 0.027408
0.093733 0.07899
0.35 0.07899
0.59722 0.07899
0.72832 0.044809
1 0

WuWYhO6VZRqpKnA

points.
63
Profile: hq2090sm Table 236: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Quabeck HQ 2.0/9 R/C sailplane airfoil (smoothed) RMS curvature error: 17.23 18.03 %
Reference: UIUC CD error 2 3 dcts
Cm error -6 10 mcts

1 0
0.74213 0.0079914
0.60113 -0.0261
0.3 -0.0261
0.23732 -0.0261
0 -0.024333
0 0
0 0.025599
0.11523 0.0639
0.35 0.0639
0.59199 0.0639
0.714 0.042134
1 0

aqWYb7NTcLsoHnA

points.
64
Information: Quabeck HQ 2.1/9.5 R/C sailplane airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 0 18 mcts

1 -5e-006
0.78793 0.011937
0.58878 -0.028472
0.3 -0.028472
0.19271 -0.028472
0 -0.025127
0 0
0 0.03178
0.12185 0.066778
0.35 0.066778
0.61351 0.066778
0.71351 0.045288
1 5e-006

epWac3XTaMugGpA

points.
65

1 0
0.73513 0.011372
0.59572 -0.02622
0.3 -0.02622
0.18467 -0.02622
0 -0.023074
0 0
0 0.0080394
0.034511 0.07387
0.375 0.07387
0.60631 0.07387
0.7907 0.036339
1 0

H5YYg3ZTbLhpIpA

points.
66

1 0
0.75316 0.010677
0.59368 -0.03124
0.30866 -0.03124
0.19754 -0.03124
0 -0.027491
0 0
0 0.018986
0.066061 0.07901
0.37059 0.07901
0.61503 0.07901
0.79846 0.03526
1 0

P0YZh3XUaNhmIpA

points.
67
Profile: hq2590sm Table 252: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Quabeck HQ 2.5/9 R/C sailplane airfoil (smoothed) RMS curvature error: 50.96 52.97 %
Cm error 4 25 mcts

1 0
0.79163 0.017257
0.57096 -0.0223
0.3 -0.0223
0.011186 -0.0223
0 -0.0076608
0 0
0 0.031553
0.12169 0.06844
0.35 0.06844
0.61548 0.06844
0.71548 0.049652
1 0

epWasW9TZKufGrA

points.
68
Cm error 4 6 mcts

1 0
0.70295 0.01697
0.62543 -0.02162
0.275 -0.02162
0.18221 -0.02162
0 -0.02067
0 0
0 0.021124
0.076591 0.07873
0.375 0.07873
0.62972 0.07873
0.81257 0.035088
1 0

RyYah8WSfJgyIqA

points.
69

1 0
0.78248 0.014188
0.5563 -0.02649
0.3 -0.02649
0.1642 -0.02649
0 -0.023311
0 0
0 0.021784
0.071955 0.08368
0.375 0.08368
0.62263 0.08368
0.80956 0.037151
1 0

RzYZj3sTXLgfIrA

points.
70
Cm error -1 -6 mcts

1 0
0.69703 0.01299
0.6227 -0.03141
0.3 -0.03141
0.18236 -0.03141
0 -0.027641
0 0
0 0.023305
0.071031 0.08864
0.375 0.08864
0.60133 0.08864
0.78074 0.045861
1 0

RzYXl3ZTeNiyKrA

points.
71

1 0
0.74676 0.01201
0.56802 -0.03641
0.325 -0.03641
0.19175 -0.03641
0 -0.032041
0 0
0 0.024122
0.067879 0.0936
0.375 0.0936
0.59481 0.0936
0.77255 0.049584
1 0

QzYXn3aVXQjlLrA

points.
72
Cm error -6 13 mcts

1 0
0.74326 0.010327
0.58269 -0.04139
0.325 -0.04139
0.037826 -0.04139
0 -0.015166
0 0
0 0.025335
0.066503 0.0986
0.375 0.0986
0.6044 0.0986
0.79672 0.04463
1 0

Q0YXpX4VYSgmLrA

points.
73
Cm error -1 6 mcts

1 0
0.74181 0.0086954
0.58647 -0.04636
0.325 -0.04636
0.032353 -0.04636
0 -0.014207
0 0
0 0.025787
0.063077 0.10356
0.375 0.10356
0.60472 0.10356
0.8007 0.044786
1 0

Q0YYrU5VZUgnMrA

points.
74

1 0
0.72429 0.023435
0.63057 -0.01721
0.225 -0.01721
0.092189 -0.01721
0 -0.013805
0 0
0 0.015479
0.057611 0.08359
0.375 0.08359
0.61117 0.08359
0.77538 0.048815
1 0

M1YYjylOgHkvItA

points.
75
Cm error -8 -6 mcts

1 0
0.72314 0.019649
0.61507 -0.02687
0.275 -0.02687
0.15305 -0.02687
0 -0.023199
0 0
0 0.016482
0.051726 0.09351
0.375 0.09351
0.6047 0.09351
0.78022 0.050809
1 0

L2YYn2cSeLjtKtA

points.
76

1 0
0.73648 0.017791
0.59318 -0.03201
0.3 -0.03201
0.16838 -0.03201
0 -0.028169
0 0
0 0.016793
0.048582 0.0987
0.375 0.0987
0.60396 0.0987
0.78352 0.051454
1 0

L3YXp3cTbOioLtA

points.
77

1 0
0.70295 0.01611
0.62392 -0.03653
0.3 -0.03653
0.177 -0.03653
0 -0.032146
0 0
0 0.04312
0.13132 0.1036
0.35 0.1036
0.58382 0.1036
0.70228 0.073029
1 0

bnWXr3aTeQtyMtA

points.
78
Cm error 11 8 mcts

1 0
0.68667 0.0048808
0.60077 -0.0564
0.35 -0.0564
0.1645 -0.0564
0 -0.043992
0 0
0 0.051616
0.12302 0.1236
0.35 0.1236
0.59545 0.1236
0.72351 0.074562
1 0

bpWY0xhWZYrxQsA

points.
79
Profile: hsnlf213 Table 300: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: NASA/Langley HSNLF(1)-0213 high speed natural RMS curvature error: 31.67 32.33 %
laminar flow airfoil CD error -6.9 -6.2 dcts
Reference: UIUC Cm error -20 -17 mcts
Figure 228: Error distribution of vertical position and

Figure 227: Wing profile with camber and thickness curvature of the parameter curve.
distribution.

1 -0.0006699
0.79061 -0.0072848
0.76807 -0.053209
0.45073 -0.053209
0.29361 -0.053209
0 -0.034292
0 0
0 0.053082
0.23443 0.079554
0.42389 0.079554
0.68491 0.079554
0.78179 0.014159
1 0.0006699

qsbshoWskXr5GhD
points.
80
Profile: ht08 Table 304: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Drela HT08 airfoil RMS curvature error: 14.29 27.95 %
Cm error -2 9 mcts

1 -0.0017361
0.80985 -0.0099902
0.38187 -0.025578
0.20163 -0.025578
0.028227 -0.025578
0 -0.011766
0 0
0 0.00977
0.032254 0.024425
0.20159 0.024425
0.40966 0.024425
0.87224 0.0072821
1 0.0017361

a1NRKs2NOLQWGgJ

points.
81
Information: Drela HT12 airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 0 0 mcts
Upper transition point -0.34 0 %

1 -0.00119
0.35904 -0.020029
0.25904 -0.025102
0.18609 -0.025102
0.1526 -0.025102
0 -0.025102
0 0
0 0.025102
0.1526 0.025102
0.18609 0.025102
0.25909 0.025102
0.3591 0.020026
1 0.00119

MMGL MMGL22EgG

points.
82
Information: Drela HT22 airfoil RMS curvature error: 84.53 Inf %
Cm error 1 -12 mcts

1 -0.000815
0.43567 -0.011284
0.28331 -0.014895
0.15547 -0.014895
0.03199 -0.014895
0 -0.011886
0 0
0 0.036091
0.18837 0.036091
0.2093 0.036091
0.30744 0.036091
0.40744 0.029244
1 0.000815

GNIPyyKKG2xEhE

points.
83
Information: Drela HT23 airfoil RMS curvature error: 71.44 86.97 %
Cm error 1 13 mcts

1 -0.001041
0.66727 -0.010726
0.3735 -0.021811
0.19025 -0.021811
0.0010743 -0.021811
0 -0.0050692
0 0
0 0.041562
0.20695 0.043293
0.20904 0.043293
0.34271 0.043293
0.44271 0.031174
1 0.001041

8BNLSP MOJ1hFgF

points.
84
Profile: isa571 Table 320: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: I.S.A.571 RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 12 18 mcts
Upper nose radius: -0.00055035 %C

1 -0.0014999
0.21692 0.0088209
0.11692 -0.0097871
0.025084 -0.0097871
0.024821 -0.0097871
0 -0.0068489
0 0
0 0
0.016712 0.072747
0.29939 0.072747
0.48374 0.072747
0.83673 0.044939
1 0.0014999

A7TRfsBCGEm4QsI

points.
85

1 -0.0020997
0.25267 0.010954
0.15267 -0.016805
0.075277 -0.016805
0.015055 -0.016805
0 -0.0045375
0 0
0 0.0056672
0.010598 0.091348
0.3986 0.091348
0.40673 0.091348
0.62044 0.090469
1 0.0020997

E9aBmRyFFH-3OrL

points.
86

1 -0.0018498
0.25584 0.013092
0.15584 -0.015481
0.050227 -0.015481
0.026615 -0.015481
0 -0.0043194
0 0
0 0.027666
0.084315 0.091096
0.29872 0.091096
0.41296 0.091096
0.62837 0.091096
1 0.0018498

TtTKmSeDHH 3OrJ

points.
87
Information: I.S.A.962 RMS curvature error: 70.96 65.16 %

1 -0.0020996
0.25024 0.014795
0.15024 -0.019102
0.05035 -0.019102
0.021492 -0.019102
0 -0.019102
0 0
0 0.027215
0.06419 0.091355
0.29841 0.091355
0.44213 0.091355
0.59918 0.091355
1 0.0020996

TxTNm kDHI 3NqL

points.
88
Profile: Joukovski11 Table 336: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Jukowski profile from equations. RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Reference: LiU CD error 1.4 1.2 dcts
Cm error 10 10 mcts

1 0
0.67377 0.062234
0.26449 -0.0308
0.1017 -0.0308
0.026028 -0.0308
0 -0.020903
0 0
0 0.025025
0.09503 0.104
0.392 0.104
0.64646 0.104
0.93678 0.013568
1 0

PvZbrqvHMNLcByA

points.
89
Profile: joukovski12 Table 340: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: 12 RMS curvature error: 16.16 13.14 %
Cm error 3 4 mcts
Release Angle: 3.3848e-006 deg
Camber deflection: 3.3848e-006 deg

1 0
0.81212 -0.0039397
0.48922 -0.059
0.25 -0.059
0.25 -0.059
0 -0.059
0 0
0 0.059
0.25 0.059
0.25 0.059
0.48922 0.059
0.81212 0.0039397
1 0

AQUZ AQUZYYDgA

points.
90
Profile: k1 Table 344: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: NYU/Grumman K-1 transonic airfoil (GAC .75-.63- RMS curvature error: 63.11 64.02 %
11.6) CD error -7.7 -8.2 dcts

distribution.

1 -0.0005
0.74968 0.024063
0.60103 -0.053337
0.28342 -0.053337
0.27208 -0.053337
0 -0.053337
0 0
0 0.060991
0.34208 0.06484
0.42017 0.06484
0.6702 0.06484
0.7702 0.043029
1 0.0005

7Mbcc DScXsnFsD
points.
91
Information: Grumman K-2 transonic airfoil (GAC .80-.53-10.3) RMS curvature error: 49.93 50.86 %
Upper nose radius: -Inf %C

1 -0.00049996
0.80553 0.024399
0.80553 -0.05511
0.40743 -0.05511
0 -0.05511
0 -0.017576
0 0
0 0.013252
0 0.047726
0.41331 0.047726
0.65592 0.047726
0.88022 0.036067
1 0.00049996

S aaUU aqYv KyD

points.
92
Information: Grumman K-3 transonic airfoil (GAC .70-.83-17.5) RMS curvature error: 41.03 39.43 %
Cm error 42 37 mcts

1 -0.0038199
0.79758 0.029055
0.55996 -0.088324
0.27282 -0.088324
0.023274 -0.088324
0 -0.034989
0 0
0 0.086679
0.41237 0.089788
0.47128 0.089788
0.63774 0.089788
0.80376 0.075245
1 0.0038199

9IeUlZ6RZl0sM3T

points.
93
Information: Leon Kincaid K3311 airfoil (original) RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error -3 -5 mcts

1 0
0.60579 6.2854e-005
0.50579 -0.02492
0.2 -0.02492
0.15719 -0.02492
0 -0.02333
0 0
0 0.02357
0.10491 0.08702
0.35 0.08702
0.51654 0.08702
0.74692 0.052356
1 0

RsWQk7ONYLmyNpA

points.
94
Profile: kc135a Table 360: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Boeing KC-135 transonic airfoils RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error -3 -3 mcts

1 0
0.59971 -0.047673
0.49971 -0.067558
0.35051 -0.067558
0.347 -0.067558
0 -0.057855
0 0
0 0.020559
0.086246 0.087368
0.34936 0.087368
0.50635 0.087368
0.60635 0.063732
1 0

PvWPk2BWPsyyShA

points.
95
Profile: kc135b Table 364: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: continued RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 1 2 mcts

1 0
0.62654 -0.038384
0.52654 -0.053915
0.4003 -0.053915
0.30422 -0.053915
0 -0.036745
0 0
0 0.0099189
0.050791 0.075883
0.3996 0.075883
0.54599 0.075883
0.71898 0.042058
1 0

I3aQgrPaNXnxQhA

points.
96
Profile: kc135c Table 368: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Cm error 5 8 mcts

1 0
0.65151 -0.028514
0.55151 -0.039877
0.45015 -0.039877
0.41347 -0.039877
0 -0.029839
0 0
0 0.0094015
0.056428 0.066046
0.39976 0.066046
0.57578 0.066046
0.70602 0.041116
1 0

J2aTcvFsMRrxOiA

points.
97
Profile: kc135d Table 372: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Cm error 24 10 mcts

1 0
0.63239 -0.019753
0.53239 -0.027363
0.45009 -0.027363
0.45009 -0.027363
0 -0.022395
0 0
0 0.0067227
0.048366 0.062654
0.39981 0.062654
0.58563 0.062654
0.72719 0.03838
1 0

H3aUbzAsKMpxMjA

points.
98
Profile: l188root Table 376: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Lockheed L-188/P-3 root airfoil NACA 0014 -1.10 RMS curvature error: 80.48 76.36 %
40/1.051 Cli=.3 a=.8 CD error -0.6 -0.4 dcts
Reference: UIUC Cm error -9 6 mcts

distribution.

1 -0.0014
0.68487 -0.02397
0.58487 -0.051127
0.34549 -0.051127
0.014446 -0.051127
0 -0.0176
0 0
0 0.064849
0.27107 0.089279
0.41318 0.089279
0.67314 0.089279
0.90479 0.019851
1 0.0014

tWaclW8WXWTwRlH
points.
99
Profile: l188tip Table 380: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Lockheed L-188/P-3 tip airfoil NACA 0012 -1.10 RMS curvature error: 59.26 60.4 %
40/1.051 Cli=.4 a=.8 CD error -1.2 -0.9 dcts

distribution.

1 -0.0012
0.66504 -0.014666
0.56504 -0.035287
0.3127 -0.035287
0.057719 -0.035287
0 -0.024646
0 0
0 0.056577
0.262 0.085751
0.41318 0.085751
0.70915 0.085751
0.88865 0.025651
1 0.0012

pXagkszUXPZwQnG
points.
100
Profile: l7769 Table 384: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Lissaman 7769 human powered aircraft airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error -6 11 mcts

1 0
0.17396 -0.0078989
0.075 -0.023
0.075 -0.023
0.041211 -0.023
0 -0.023
0 0
0 0.030495
0.098887 0.0992
0.3 0.0992
0.45149 0.0992
0.55149 0.030576
1 0

UqTOp sFAKz4FiA

points.
101
Profile: la2573a Table 388: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Liebeck LA2573A airfoil RMS curvature error: 43.22 45.01 %

1 0
0.80631 -0.017824
0.80631 -0.036652
0.31509 -0.036652
0.030997 -0.036652
0 -0.036652
0 0
0 0.054013
0.15823 0.10043
0.26111 0.10043
0.43826 0.10043
0.63565 0.013116
1 0

hZRPq 5UtQp IsA

points.
102
Profile: LA5055 Table 392: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: LIEBECK LA5055 AIRFOIL RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 5 5 mcts

1 0
0.67675 -0.0017569
0.12805 -0.0324
0.05 -0.0324
0.018 -0.0324
0 -0.027216
0 0
0 0.070963
0.21401 0.1389
0.35 0.1389
0.53992 0.1389
0.63992 0.040316
1 0

gZWT61oDFOxYHkA

points.
103
Profile: lds2 Table 396: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: LDS-2 airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 1 15 mcts

1 0
0.53055 -0.029831
0.43055 -0.0399
0.3 -0.0399
0.26193 -0.0399
0 -0.035632
0 0
0 0.067479
0.28549 0.08032
0.3488 0.08032
0.55207 0.08032
0.65207 0.061689
1 0

1MWUh4ITMRx0PkA

points.
104
Profile: lg10sc Table 400: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Lockheed-Georgia/NASA/Blackwell rotorcraft air- RMS curvature error: 11.32 12.4 %
foil CD error -0.9 -1.4 dcts
Reference: UIUC Cm error 3 13 mcts

distribution.

1 -0.0015
0.75759 -0.02901
0.55828 -0.03823
0.4 -0.03823
0.30298 -0.03823
0 -0.032693
0 0
0 0.06298
0.22633 0.06298
0.25148 0.06298
0.38251 0.06298
0.63105 0.05718
1 0.0015

GQLb2QaRQ5vRhI
points.
105
Profile: lnv109a Table 404: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Douglas/Liebeck LNV109A high lift airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 0
0.23697 0.026919
0.13697 -0.031544
0.031599 -0.031544
0.030967 -0.031544
0 -0.031544
0 0
0 0.054919
0.1402 0.12278
0.28772 0.12278
0.43326 0.12278
0.6069 0.030037
1 0

sgSNz BCHNr4DkA

points.
106
Profile: ls013 Table 408: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: NASA/Langley LS(1)-0013 general aviation airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error -3 -4 mcts

1 -0.00302
0.80901 -0.012214
0.67681 -0.06432
0.40004 -0.06432
0.20505 -0.06432
0 -0.046889
0 0
0 0.046889
0.20505 0.06432
0.40004 0.06432
0.67681 0.06432
0.80901 0.012214
1 0.00302

ufaebufaebllGgP

points.
107
Profile: ls413mod Table 412: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: NASA/Langley LS(1)-0413MOD general aviation RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
airfoil CD error -6.7 -5.9 dcts

distribution.

1 -0.0025499
0.79155 0.023129
0.73067 -0.042873
0.3253 -0.042873
0.2523 -0.042873
0 -0.039003
0 0
0 0.054042
0.15616 0.087395
0.34941 0.087395
0.47525 0.087395
0.64667 0.079183
1 0.0025499

niWMk5OVlS5xGvN
points.
108
Information: NASA/Langley/Whitcomb LS(1)-0417 (GA(W)-1) RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
general aviation airfoil CD error -2.8 -2.3 dcts

distribution.

1 -0.0035449
0.79574 0.020747
0.71947 -0.06367
0.35028 -0.06367
0.31711 -0.06367
0 -0.061739
0 0
0 0.10565
0.39955 0.10671
0.39955 0.10671
0.65612 0.10671
0.75612 0.066348
1 0.0035449

-Aabt9GWjbsuJwS
points.
109
Information: NASA/Langley LS(1)-0421 general aviation airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 37 15 mcts

1 -0.0045099
0.79511 0.014927
0.71211 -0.083317
0.35037 -0.083317
0.30548 -0.083317
0 -0.078132
0 0
0 0.12023
0.36471 0.12613
0.39946 0.12613
0.6499 0.12613
0.7499 0.075131
1 0.0045099

8Gab17IWjjttMwX

points.
110
Profile: ls421mod Table 424: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: NASA/Langley LS(1)-0421MOD general aviation RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
airfoil CD error -0.5 0 dcts

distribution.

1 -0.0044997
0.79598 0.021289
0.71305 -0.081852
0.35073 -0.081852
0.24524 -0.081852
0 -0.070209
0 0
0 0.077368
0.12848 0.12782
0.3239 0.12782
0.53074 0.12782
0.75506 0.06588
1 0.0044997

mmVU22TWjigtIwX
points.
111
Profile: lwk79100 Table 428: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: LWK 79-100 symmetrical airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error -5 -5 mcts

1 0
0.59656 -0.021535
0.51122 -0.04997
0.27886 -0.04997
0.098947 -0.04997
0 -0.025082
0 0
0 0.025082
0.098947 0.04997
0.27886 0.04997
0.51123 0.04997
0.59656 0.021535
1 0

goSVVgoSVV00HgA

points.
112
Information: LWK 80-080 symmetrical airfoil RMS curvature error: 37.13 38.09 %

1 0
0.659 -0.032496
0.6125 -0.04031
0.40245 -0.04031
0.22851 -0.04031
0 -0.027231
0 0
0 0.027231
0.22851 0.04031
0.40245 0.04031
0.67226 0.04031
0.67226 0.025704
1 0

qcasRqcaWR 3LfA

points.
113
Information: LWK 80-100 symmetrical airfoil RMS curvature error: 24.85 24.29 %
Cm error 72 68 mcts

1 0
0.7283 -0.022853
0.69811 -0.050316
0.40245 -0.050316
0.22337 -0.050316
0 -0.033676
0 0
0 0.033382
0.22092 0.050304
0.40245 0.050304
0.6922 0.050304
0.73839 0.021999
1 0

psafVqcagV15LgA

points.
114
Profile: lwk80120k25 Table 440: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: LWK 80-120/K25 symmetrical airfoil RMS curvature error: 31.13 32.41 %

1 0
0.70363 -0.033123
0.67264 -0.06031
0.40245 -0.06031
0.21924 -0.06031
0 -0.039969
0 0
0 0.039969
0.21924 0.06031
0.40245 0.06031
0.68449 0.06031
0.75452 0.023684
1 0

psaeapsasax5NfA

points.
115
Profile: lwk80150k25 Table 444: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: LWK 80-150/K25 symmetrical airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 0
0.69349 -0.041184
0.67219 -0.07521
0.40245 -0.07521
0.24998 -0.07521
0 -0.054357
0 0
0 0.054357
0.24998 0.07521
0.40245 0.07521
0.69087 0.07521
0.7798 0.022155
1 0

tYafgtYasgt7PeA

points.
116
Profile: m3 Table 448: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: NACA/Munk M-3 airfoil RMS curvature error: 5.57 5.38 %
Cm error -1 0 mcts
Nose Incidence: -1.7344e-005 deg

1 -0.002
0.61965 -0.058925
0.41339 -0.0595
0.3 -0.0595
0.2156 -0.0595
0 -0.047197
0 0
0 0.047196
0.21559 0.0595
0.3 0.0595
0.41339 0.0595
0.61965 0.058925
1 0.002

ySTKZySTKZ–TgK

points.
117
Cm error -4 -5 mcts

1 -0.0026
0.91386 -0.017493
0.76976 -0.0394
0.5 -0.0394
0.040895 -0.0394
0 -0.028429
0 0
0 0.037831
0.15171 0.0822
0.3 0.0822
0.54915 0.0822
0.67906 0.042515
1 0.0026

sgTXit6giRtaTeN

points.
118

1 0
0.95593 -0.0053136
0.81457 -0.02214
0.4 -0.02214
0.041258 -0.02214
0 -0.019925
0 0
0 0.029779
0.1593 0.05952
0.3 0.05952
0.49593 0.05952
0.59565 0.048756
1 0

geTSZ54arJzPPgA

points.
119
Cm error 0 1 mcts

1 -0.002
0.72049 -0.0398
0.4323 -0.0398
0.29992 -0.0398
0.0085181 -0.0398
0 -0.014671
0 0
0 0.042765
0.16781 0.0795
0.30016 0.0795
0.41201 0.0795
0.56867 0.0795
1 0.002

hcTKhY9TMR UhK

points.
120
Information: NACA/Munk M6 (65 RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 17 18 mcts

1 0
0.99845 -0.0017671
0.8379 -0.02561
0.5 -0.02561
0.042532 -0.02561
0 -0.018516
0 0
0 0.025096
0.15487 0.05343
0.3 0.05343
0.47213 0.05343
0.88519 0.017351
1 0

efTQXt6gqLVE AA

points.
121
Profile: ma409 Table 468: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Michael Achterberg MA409 F1C class free flight air- RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
foil (original) CD error -5.9 -6.3 dcts

distribution.
Upper nose radius: NaN %C
Lower nose radius: NaN %C

1 -0.00034995
0.48282 0.027184
0.25413 -0.015982
0.075285 -0.015982
0.00057104 -0.015982
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.027435 0.063267
0.39897 0.063267
0.39897 0.063267
0.74502 0.063267
1 0.00034995

A7aAbA FMH rMtC
points.
122
Profile: ma409sm Table 472: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Michael Achterberg MA409 F1C class free flight air- RMS curvature error: 20.98 20.76 %
foil (smoothed) CD error 0.4 0.5 dcts

distribution.

1 -0.00035
0.49719 0.027014
0.25135 -0.015862
0.07395 -0.015862
0.07395 -0.015862
0 -0.015862
0 0
0 0.016712
0.10633 0.062939
0.37887 0.062939
0.65832 0.062939
0.89849 0.025693
1 0.00035

RtYsb AFMHaqMtC
points.
123
Profile: marske1 Table 476: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Marske XM-1D airfoil (F14-3.0) RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 36 36 mcts

1 0
0.73128 -0.040017
0.54742 -0.042943
0.49944 -0.042943
0.0081998 -0.042943
0 -0.02062
0 0
0 0.055097
0.10571 0.10031
0.25131 0.10031
0.4451 0.10031
0.56583 0.023158
1 0

ikQRqf-gGSx7NbA

points.
124
Information: Marske Pioneer IA airfoil (NACA 23112/43012A hy- RMS curvature error: 66.1 59.55 %
brid) CD error -3 -3.4 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.73376 -0.039151
0.63376 -0.0433
0.4 -0.0433
0.34998 -0.0433
0 -0.029795
0 0
0 0.0844
0.188 0.0844
0.2 0.0844
0.39884 0.0844
0.70716 0.033018
1 0

ENQjrIaZSf5ReA
points.
125
Information: Marske Pioneer IID root airfoil (NACA RMS curvature error: 56.14 56.23 %
43012A/24112 hybrid) CD error -4 -3.9 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.79173 -0.027307
0.71851 -0.0423
0.5 -0.0423
0.25276 -0.0423
0 -0.023037
0 0
0 0.085437
0.2 0.0863
0.2 0.0863
0.3833 0.0863
0.59679 0.047684
1 0

-ANPkiggcSpuQfA
points.
126
Information: Marske Pioneer IID tip airfoil (NACA 43012A*.833 RMS curvature error: 52.32 50.69 %
hybrid) CD error -2.2 -2.9 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.79129 -0.025483
0.71938 -0.0336
0.5 -0.0336
0.34908 -0.0336
0 -0.019886
0 0
0 0.073038
0.15 0.0777
0.15 0.0777
0.37577 0.0777
0.67096 0.030146
1 0

7AKRglTgcOhwOeA
points.
127
Information: Marske Monarch airfoil (NACA 43012A) RMS curvature error: 54.1 55.71 %

1 0
0.789 -0.030893
0.72098 -0.0403
0.5 -0.0403
0.34973 -0.0403
0 -0.023941
0 0
0 0.086769
0.1485 0.0933
0.15 0.0933
0.37364 0.0933
0.67643 0.035632
1 0

7BKRnlTgcRgvQeA

points.
128
Information: Roncz/Marske-7 low drag flying wing airfoil RMS curvature error: 28.65 28.63 %
Cm error 23 30 mcts

1 -0.0020168
0.87677 -0.024484
0.7751 -0.03255
0.49781 -0.03255
0 -0.03255
0 -0.0087693
0 0
0 0.032369
0.15526 0.088217
0.42768 0.088217
0.66527 0.088217
0.76527 0.001118
1 0.0020168

XobblR giOsuLXK

points.
129
Profile: mb253515sm Table 500: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Mike Bame MB253515 low Reynolds number airfoil RMS curvature error: 34.35 32.94 %
Cm error 5 2 mcts

1 0
0.77395 -0.023415
0.57412 -0.050273
0.34998 -0.050273
0.12108 -0.050273
0 -0.019761
0 0
0 0.014622
0.092541 0.099306
0.35004 0.099306
0.54127 0.099306
0.65851 0.069228
1 0

JuWTpZpWWVvhTkA

points.
130
Profile: mh18 Table 504: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Martin Hepperle MH 18 for F3D Pylon Racing RMS curvature error: 32.42 32.65 %
Cm error 17 12 mcts

1 0
0.90782 -0.018006
0.44951 -0.028418
0.26864 -0.028418
0.035056 -0.028418
0 -0.0097699
0 0
0 0.013372
0.074546 0.083624
0.38001 0.083624
0.63485 0.083624
0.86336 0.00036172
1 0

KyYajW3RQMYoNXA

points.
131
Information: Martin Hepperle MH 20 for F3D Pylon Racing RMS curvature error: 57.14 63.54 %
Cm error 15 6 mcts

1 0
0.91457 -0.013075
0.44937 -0.025566
0.22777 -0.025566
0.012779 -0.025566
0 -0.0050108
0 0
0 0.011562
0.074424 0.065036
0.32985 0.065036
0.61162 0.065036
0.7916 0.0059079
1 0

LxVbcN7PSLhgMaA

points.
132
Information: Martin Hepperle MH 22 for F3D Pylon Racing RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 11 29 mcts

1 0
0.9484 -0.0049663
0.30806 -0.019147
0.1819 -0.019147
0.0049613 -0.019147
0 -0.0010641
0 0
0 0.01497
0.09099 0.053907
0.28888 0.053907
0.56246 0.053907
0.66246 0.022258
1 0

SrSZXE9MKIwRKeA

points.
133
Information: Martin Hepperle MH 23 for F3D Pylon Racing (ex- RMS curvature error: 37.63 36.87 %
tended laminar flow) CD error 1.6 2.3 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.79309 -0.024918
0.45003 -0.027347
0.32494 -0.027347
0.037475 -0.027347
0 -0.0066186
0 0
0 0
0 0.052554
0.38953 0.052554
0.76532 0.052554
0.96761 -0.0022804
1 0

A ZmWP4VMMJ5DXA
points.
134
tended laminar flow) CD error 1 1.6 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.85896 -0.014056
0.77289 -0.031997
0.37263 -0.031997
0.061583 -0.031997
0 -0.0095489
0 0
0 0.0077576
0.037107 0.058014
0.39298 0.058014
0.78169 0.058014
0.95993 0.00039063
1 0

J5ZoZT0YoOMnHcA
points.
135

distribution.

1 0
0.87892 -0.014117
0.77921 -0.035377
0.42248 -0.035377
0.021374 -0.035377
0 -0.0053204
0 0
0 0.014881
0.074697 0.06447
0.39567 0.06447
0.81124 0.06447
0.94927 0.0027634
1 0

PzZrcK8bnPRiLsA
points.
136

distribution.

1 0
0.82806 -0.025868
0.72554 -0.039899
0.42307 -0.039899
0.080166 -0.039899
0 -0.012111
0 0
0 0.020647
0.10601 0.069954
0.39655 0.069954
0.7844 0.069954
0.89235 0.023056
1 0

TuZoeTzbhRgoXiA
points.
137

distribution.

1 0
0.81852 -0.0333
0.72034 -0.045013
0.42408 -0.045013
0.1236 -0.045013
0 -0.0168
0 0
0 0.012225
0.056994 0.074833
0.44699 0.074833
0.83627 0.074833
0.9688 -0.00044561
1 0

K3ssgYsbgTMuLXA
points.
138
Information: Martin Hepperle MH 30 for F3E and F3B RMS curvature error: 38.59 36.04 %
Cm error -1 4 mcts

1 0
0.79915 -0.0015473
0.43299 -0.024054
0.21749 -0.024054
0.0116 -0.024054
0 -0.0040447
0 0
0 0.0057373
0.030055 0.055619
0.34339 0.055619
0.66336 0.055619
0.94211 0.0032805
1 0

H5WfYL8OSKLXEhA

points.
139
Information: Martin Hepperle MH 32 for F3E and F3B RMS curvature error: 26.58 26.89 %
Cm error 2 15 mcts

1 0
0.81638 0.0026055
0.40035 -0.022306
0.20986 -0.022306
0.016423 -0.022306
0 -0.005417
0 0
0 0.010252
0.048409 0.066485
0.3474 0.066485
0.65331 0.066485
0.9469 0.0036072
1 0

K2WecQ6NPKKUDjA

points.
140
Information: Martin Hepperle MH 42 low Reynolds number airfoil RMS curvature error: 20.44 21.06 %
Cm error -5 13 mcts

1 0
0.76112 -0.0079646
0.45115 -0.027099
0.21976 -0.027099
0.011471 -0.027099
0 -0.0038867
0 0
0 0.01073
0.050335 0.063072
0.3345 0.063072
0.55541 0.063072
0.85561 0.0085303
1 0

L1VVbJ8OTMVcGgA

points.
141
Information: Martin Hepperle MH 43 for F3B and F3E RMS curvature error: 22.57 24.78 %
Cm error 3 -1 mcts

1 0
0.81892 -0.0039407
0.45339 -0.02637
0.22102 -0.02637
0.011546 -0.02637
0 -0.0041036
0 0
0 0.010852
0.057382 0.059599
0.33494 0.059599
0.56917 0.059599
0.81099 0.010039
1 0

M0VXZK8OTLcVFhA

points.
142
Information: Martin Hepperle MH 44 for flying wings RMS curvature error: 32.64 32.39 %

1 0
0.93197 -0.0094957
0.38351 -0.033369
0.22624 -0.033369
0.051082 -0.033369
0 -0.0086666
0 0
0 0.022792
0.086416 0.06344
0.27922 0.06344
0.60847 0.06344
0.86421 0.0028938
1 0

XrSsbRxONOWSKaA

points.
143
Information: Martin Hepperle MH 45 for flying wings RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 0
0.61036 -0.023831
0.26805 -0.032646
0.22399 -0.032646
0.037978 -0.032646
0 -0.0069788
0 0
0 0.024655
0.081532 0.066253
0.27578 0.066253
0.58747 0.066253
0.80704 -0.00026716
1 0

YsSccO0OEOeuEsA

points.
144

1 0
0.96361 -0.0065531
0.34214 -0.031289
0.22599 -0.031289
0.035621 -0.031289
0 -0.0078139
0 0
0 0.0064624
0.027811 0.060101
0.32688 0.060101
0.56333 0.060101
0.87175 0.0028032
1 0

H6VWaQ1OKNTNNZA

points.
145
Information: N/A RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 0
0.97181 -0.01055
0.50481 -0.045015
0.28839 -0.045015
0.0058333 -0.045015
0 -6.8287e-005
0 0
0 0.017284
0.066445 0.059986
0.30256 0.059986
0.58213 0.059986
0.71085 -0.01963
1 0

SxTaaA-STTrPTMA

points.
146
Information: Martin Hepperle MH 60 for flying wings RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 0
1 0
0.42501 -0.032936
0.22391 -0.032936
0.044947 -0.032936
0 -0.0087118
0 0
0 0.019637
0.071586 0.068253
0.27686 0.068253
0.6101 0.068253
0.81574 -0.0010366
1 0

SuSssRyOROeACeA

points.
147
Reference: UIUC CD error 0 -0.5 dcts
Cm error 4 5 mcts

1 0
0.98313 -0.0059262
0.40538 -0.03716
0.27626 -0.03716
0.039597 -0.03716
0 -0.0077118
0 0
0 0.013203
0.074713 0.065783
0.32171 0.065783
0.61163 0.065783
0.83976 -0.0064378
1 0

NwVbcN2SLQaKTOA

points.
148

1 0
0.39937 -0.02847
0.31253 -0.031189
0.22418 -0.031189
0.037823 -0.031189
0 -0.0076371
0 0
0 0.015012
0.061945 0.06227
0.2794 0.06227
0.60724 0.06227
0.8186 0.00077041
1 0

PxSsbQ0OHNe5DeA

points.
149

1 0
0.468 -0.021014
0.35058 -0.029584
0.22448 -0.029584
0.030772 -0.029584
0 -0.0062597
0 0
0 0.011505
0.054 0.056953
0.28154 0.056953
0.60406 0.056953
0.82202 0.0019311
1 0

NzSsYO2OKNszDeA

points.
150
Information: Martin Hepperle MH 70 for fying wing (full size) RMS curvature error: 28.76 30.93 %
Cm error 3 4 mcts

1 0
0.86663 0.0015746
0.36301 -0.026388
0.20186 -0.026388
0.19378 -0.026388
0 -0.026388
0 0
0 0.036332
0.099779 0.085913
0.29332 0.085913
0.58763 0.085913
0.74356 0.031832
1 0

bpTbk DNNLnNHlA

points.
151
Information: Martin Hepperle MH 78 for flying wings (hang glider) RMS curvature error: 97.15 Inf %

1 0
0.94161 -0.0023302
0.78135 -0.046934
0.31507 -0.046934
0 -0.046934
0 -0.0092294
0 0
0 0.03258
0.041382 0.099815
0.20379 0.099815
0.37722 0.099815
0.75729 -0.00016863
1 0

VyNOqN UrUZRDeA

points.
152
Information: Martin Hepperle MH 80 for flying wings (hang glider) RMS curvature error: 28.15 26.2 %
Cm error 14 -7 mcts

1 0
0.95887 0.00045449
0.75031 -0.034199
0.26281 -0.034199
0 -0.034199
0 -0.0059139
0 0
0 0.024339
0.056925 0.093253
0.22012 0.093253
0.43257 0.093253
0.76207 0.0039799
1 0

RuORnL RpPbLAhA

points.
153
Cm error 36 39 mcts

1 0
0.99423 -0.0016135
0.56068 -0.029704
0.25449 -0.029704
0.0056712 -0.029704
0 -0.0097941
0 0
0 0.03079
0.067554 0.10025
0.22493 0.10025
0.44572 0.10025
0.76382 0.0078398
1 0

UsOSqV-QaNbDUVA

points.
154
Cm error 40 35 mcts

1 0
0.96676 -0.0029785
0.40421 -0.02583
0.20079 -0.02583
0.0087563 -0.02583
0 -0.0094594
0 0
0 0.038605
0.079684 0.10743
0.22954 0.10743
0.45764 0.10743
0.76519 0.011591
1 0

XpPTtX8NQLcHJeA

points.
155

1 0
0.64305 0.024401
0.26251 -0.021189
0.10178 -0.021189
0.0040125 -0.021189
0 -0.0083206
0 0
0 0.036276
0.078307 0.1169
0.24281 0.1169
0.4768 0.1169
0.78169 0.018186
1 0

UqQUxZ8HLJbfBmA

points.
156
Information: Martin Hepperle MH 84 for flying wings (hang RMS curvature error: 27.76 27.71 %
glider) CD error 0.4 1 dcts
Upper transition point -2 -3.18 %

distribution.

1 0
0.6306 0.029334
0.27875 -0.027902
0.099229 -0.027902
0 -0.027902
0 -0.0069782
0 0
0 0.036366
0.050956 0.11452
0.23975 0.11452
0.49219 0.11452
0.78624 0.019687
1 0

UxPVwQ GNMbgBnA
points.
157
Information: Martin Hepperle MH 91 parafoil RMS curvature error: 44.94 53.27 %

1 0
0.94576 -0.0010217
0.66744 -0.061512
0.36784 -0.061512
0.13853 -0.061512
0 -0.031078
0 0
0 0.016242
0.029439 0.089792
0.25832 0.089792
0.48597 0.089792
0.84464 0.0013395
1 0

M4RUlgnYeaTKCfA

points.
158
Cm error -8 23 mcts

1 0
0.93592 -0.002496
0.68246 -0.064555
0.36914 -0.064555
0.14743 -0.064555
0 -0.032737
0 0
0 0.019536
0.036594 0.09213
0.25652 0.09213
0.48762 0.09213
0.83623 0.0013088
1 0

O2QUmglYgcUNDeA

points.
159
Cm error -7 8 mcts

1 0
0.92514 -0.0043559
0.69642 -0.067764
0.37065 -0.067764
0.15606 -0.067764
0 -0.034416
0 0
0 0.022468
0.043266 0.09421
0.25472 0.09421
0.49055 0.09421
0.82886 0.0011514
1 0

P0QUngkYgsVQEsA

points.
160
Cm error -6 17 mcts

1 0
0.87881 0.0052736
0.58482 -0.068724
0.34077 -0.068724
0.13046 -0.068724
0 -0.031232
0 0
0 0.082383
0.21103 0.091536
0.33491 0.091536
0.42129 0.091536
0.71634 0.080748
1 0

5YVImsmWYs3TPuA

points.
161
Information: Martin Hepperle MH 95 parafoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 27 11 mcts

1 0
0.83943 -0.0021027
0.73658 -0.064818
0.34692 -0.064818
0.18074 -0.064818
0 -0.038844
0 0
0 0.025225
0.027056 0.093799
0.33638 0.093799
0.40077 0.093799
0.69584 0.088684
1 0

R6WGnlfWlc8mTsA

points.
162
Information: Martin Hepperle MH 102 for stall controlled wind RMS curvature error: 72.54 89.56 %
turbines (root) CD error 2.7 3.6 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.76472 -0.0067956
0.38708 -0.058953
0.19094 -0.058953
0.074994 -0.058953
0 -0.022185
0 0
0 0.043199
0.10371 0.1133
0.28493 0.1133
0.45353 0.1133
0.59412 0.084086
1 0

YoSPvYmMQZvZPnA
points.
163
turbines CD error 1.9 1.5 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.93927 -0.009341
0.51335 -0.056022
0.2643 -0.056022
0.073422 -0.056022
0 -0.014016
0 0
0 0.036897
0.1171 0.096611
0.26921 0.096611
0.48853 0.096611
0.73048 0.023867
1 0

YjRToQtRWYhLPsA
points.
164
turbines CD error 0 -0.3 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.92936 -0.010283
0.52235 -0.055446
0.27357 -0.055446
0.078224 -0.055446
0 -0.014438
0 0
0 0.023431
0.086895 0.075241
0.26579 0.075241
0.43762 0.075241
0.71093 0.020754
1 0

UqRPgRtSWYgMOcA
points.
165
turbines CD error 0.6 1.2 dcts
Reference: UIUC Cm error 5 -5 mcts

distribution.

1 0
0.88286 -0.016261
0.50529 -0.049488
0.27298 -0.049488
0.026684 -0.049488
0 -0.0089468
0 0
0 0.01905
0.06982 0.070524
0.22072 0.070524
0.43781 0.070524
0.67112 0.020523
1 0

RrOSeM5RUVkVNcA
points.
166
turbines (tip) CD error -1.5 -1.2 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.87858 -0.019399
0.55616 -0.041477
0.33255 -0.041477
0.031729 -0.041477
0 -0.007357
0 0
0 0.0087381
0.043385 0.060188
0.21747 0.060188
0.38597 0.060188
0.69841 0.0077003
1 0

JyOOaL5VVSfeMaA
points.
167
Information: Martin Hepperle MH 113 for a propeller for ultra- RMS curvature error: 21.45 23.2 %
light CD error 0.2 -0.3 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.77945 0.05291
0.27719 -0.021483
0.10532 -0.021483
0.038386 -0.021483
0 -0.017456
0 0
0 0.048062
0.1025 0.13935
0.38506 0.13935
0.66779 0.13935
0.99101 0.003992
1 0

WuZs6zoHMJCUM9A
points.
168
light CD error -1.5 -1.9 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.77883 0.053784
0.28721 -0.017992
0.078205 -0.017992
0 -0.017992
0 -0.004994
0 0
0 0.033792
0.096582 0.12739
0.38883 0.12739
0.67601 0.12739
0.97633 0.011151
1 0

RvZe1S FPIGUN-A
points.
169
light CD error 1.5 -1.4 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.77659 0.045826
0.24869 -0.015959
0.089328 -0.015959
0.00081048 -0.015959
0 -0.0028519
0 0
0 0.029469
0.095052 0.10818
0.38109 0.10818
0.64804 0.10818
0.94976 0.01927
1 0

RvYctL-GLHLTK5A
points.
170
Information: Martin Hepperle MH 116 for a propeller for ultralight RMS curvature error: 22.59 22.39 %
Cm error -9 7 mcts

1 0
0.77811 0.02211
0.29315 -0.019592
0.1094 -0.019592
0.026603 -0.019592
0 -0.0066949
0 0
0 0.016518
0.073835 0.08779
0.41607 0.08779
0.62391 0.08779
0.908 0.023378
1 0

M0bXkWvHNIRUKvA

points.
171
Information: Martin Hepperle MH 117 for a propeller for ultralight RMS curvature error: 24.69 24.05 %
(tip) CD error -0.4 0.3 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.80155 0.0072867
0.34651 -0.028066
0.15984 -0.028066
0.083119 -0.028066
0 -0.019085
0 0
0 0.021161
0.086295 0.074316
0.34948 0.074316
0.48401 0.074316
0.61225 0.064744
1 0

SvWNgrfKOM3TIoA
points.
172
Information: Martin Hepperle MH 120 for tip section of a propeller RMS curvature error: 77 76.84 %
Cm error -5 14 mcts

1 0
0.91397 -0.0092939
0.45551 -0.033135
0.25832 -0.033135
0.13376 -0.033135
0 -0.019513
0 0
0 0.023382
0.11608 0.083249
0.34724 0.083249
0.60835 0.083249
0.88172 0.022842
1 0

SqWajlfRROTSTjA

points.
173
Information: Martin Hepperle MH 121 for tip section of a propeller RMS curvature error: 30.16 29.79 %
Cm error -18 6 mcts

1 0
0.78293 0.025039
0.50249 -0.023994
0.24092 -0.023994
0.069433 -0.023994
0 -0.007996
0 0
0 0.023032
0.1751 0.068601
0.47662 0.068601
0.63071 0.068601
0.81008 0.052219
1 0

VnfTsVtPWKwcKxA

points.
174
Information: Martin Hepperle MH 200 for a canard airplane (main RMS curvature error: 62.16 57.74 %
wing) CD error 0.7 1 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.83384 0.011544
0.71484 -0.044479
0.34554 -0.044479
0.056351 -0.044479
0 -0.0092423
0 0
0 0.026651
0.10561 0.085574
0.40321 0.085574
0.57159 0.085574
0.67726 0.070956
1 0

UuaSkN1WjT0kJsA
points.
175
Information: Martin Hepperle MH 201 for a canard airplane (ca- RMS curvature error: 27.39 27.11 %
nard) CD error 1.1 2.5 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.82033 0.022466
0.72033 -0.040496
0.33094 -0.040496
0.053926 -0.040496
0 -0.013073
0 0
0 0.03513
0.11762 0.090637
0.36257 0.090637
0.51112 0.090637
0.70618 0.080658
1 0

ZqXPmV1VkR4oJxA
points.
176
Profile: miley Table 688: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Miley MO6-13-128 airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf 90.65 %
Boat-Tail Angle: 0 deg

1 0
1 0
0.52412 -0.014197
0.18793 -0.014197
7.1414e-006 -0.014197
0 -0.0064211
0 0
0 0.019291
0.090491 0.11561
0.35019 0.11561
0.52761 0.11561
0.62293 0.028684
1 0

LuWRws MaGyAAmA

points.
177
Profile: mrc-16 Table 692: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Drela MRC-16 RMS curvature error: 51.66 47.26 %
Cm error 0 22 mcts

1 -0.00037251
0.8707 -0.01024
0.58001 -0.03817
0.30594 -0.03817
0.1751 -0.03817
0 -0.032164
0 0
0 0.028792
0.098691 0.10116
0.36491 0.10116
0.61684 0.10116
0.89551 0.025046
1 0.00037251

SuXZq1bUZQRUUmC

points.
178
Profile: mrc-20 Table 696: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: Drela MRC-20 RMS curvature error: 57.86 90.84 %
Cm error 2 -17 mcts

1 -0.00025002
0.65463 -0.031084
0.50098 -0.047739
0.38812 -0.047739
0.3391 -0.047739
0 -0.029798
0 0
0 0.041683
0.12836 0.10813
0.38229 0.10813
0.53245 0.10813
0.75044 0.087528
1 0.00025002

ZqYQtnIZMUzrbrB

points.
179
Profile: ms317 Table 700: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: NASA/Langley MS(1)-0317 general aviation airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 28 42 mcts

1 -0.0036099
0.79048 0.014351
0.69048 -0.070093
0.37524 -0.070093
0.29653 -0.070093
0 -0.065722
0 0
0 0.091708
0.27529 0.099986
0.37467 0.099986
0.56857 0.099986
0.66829 0.079874
1 0.0036099

6RYUq7NYgewqJtS

points.
180
Profile: mue139 Table 704: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: MUE 139 airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 0
0.2447 -0.011592
0.1447 -0.03209
0.06699 -0.03209
0.046223 -0.03209
0 -0.028881
0 0
0 0.022944
0.038592 0.11495
0.25 0.11495
0.37272 0.11495
0.51945 0.094362
1 0

N1QKw5UEFO04NnA

points.
181
Profile: n5h10 Table 708: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: NACA 5-H-10 rotorcraft airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 0
0.8031 -0.019489
0.8031 -0.029
0.7 -0.029
0.0001232 -0.029
0 -0.0090881
0 0
0 0.029223
0.17125 0.072
0.4 0.072
0.61782 0.072
0.77635 0.0068252
1 0

akaXfU sWMk IsA

points.
182

1 0
0.80045 -0.035329
0.76641 -0.0496
0.5 -0.0496
0 -0.0496
0 -0.01134
0 0
0 0.016656
0.11156 0.1056
0.4 0.1056
0.60715 0.1056
0.77916 0.0090079
1 0

KtaWsP ghVj2OaA

points.
183

1 0
0.81433 -0.03182
0.81433 -0.059
0.7 -0.059
0 -0.059
0 -0.013071
0 0
0 0.064291
0.18882 0.144
0.4 0.144
0.6273 0.144
0.79153 0.0083729
1 0

shaY8O sYZj NaA

points.
184
Cm error 30 8 mcts

1 0
0.80337 -0.033229
0.80337 -0.0406
0.7 -0.0406
0.7 -0.0406
0 -0.030012
0 0
0 0.053421
0.19717 0.123
0.4 0.123
0.56555 0.123
0.78548 0.0077848
1 0

cgaSzuAsWRg NaA

points.
185
Information: NACA 8-H-12 rotorcraft airfoil RMS curvature error: 30.94 30.92 %
Cm error 22 19 mcts

1 0
0.91172 -0.01493
0.65088 -0.0249
0.3971 -0.0249
0.083188 -0.0249
0 -0.018061
0 0
0 0.057652
0.2132 0.0953
0.2997 0.0953
0.55308 0.0953
0.79837 -0.0068078
1 0

mSTXotyZbLslJXA

points.
186
Profile: n9 Table 728: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: N-9 airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 27 47 mcts

1 -0.0013996
0.53107 -0.0084834
0.21317 -0.019331
0.15044 -0.019331
0.06693 -0.019331
0 -0.015969
0 0
0 0.035186
0.14007 0.068415
0.29862 0.068415
0.39682 0.068415
0.61651 0.068415
1 0.0013996

ghTJs0jKFI lMmH

points.
187
Cm error 49 38 mcts

1 -0.0016992
0.50555 -0.012883
0.19209 -0.025745
0.15079 -0.025745
0.016462 -0.025745
0 -0.012586
0 0
0 0.02543
0.091223 0.090854
0.29755 0.090854
0.30457 0.090854
0.63166 0.090854
1 0.0016992

SrTBmf4KDL mRpJ

points.
188

1 -0.00099974
0.38293 -0.0010621
0.19266 -0.020795
0.10048 -0.020795
0.061423 -0.020795
0 -0.020795
0 0
0 0.00096577
0.0039797 0.096577
0.39797 0.096577
0.49611 0.096577
0.77057 0.065302
1 0.00099974

B-ZKo ZGHJqwRsF

points.
189
Profile: n0011sc Table 740: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: NASA/Langley 11 RMS curvature error: 6.03 5.45 %
Cm error 8 -4 mcts

1 0
0.82529 -0.048262
0.54107 -0.054783
0.4 -0.054783
0.0040435 -0.054783
0 -0.016813
0 0
0 0.016813
0.0040435 0.054783
0.4 0.054783
0.54151 0.054783
0.82543 0.048221
1 0

U-aPXU-aPX33hgA

points.
190

1 0
0.9976 0.00034803
0.67547 -0.0518
0.3 -0.0518
0.16644 -0.0518
0 -0.032638
0 0
0 0.02339
0.097527 0.0528
0.3 0.0528
0.65295 0.0528
0.99653 0.00050331
1 0

cqTgXncThWBAAsA

points.
191
Cm error 46 39 mcts

1 0
0.84368 -0.026181
0.5877 -0.0596
0.3 -0.0596
0.1488 -0.0596
0 -0.032585
0 0
0 0.03493
0.14656 0.0584
0.3 0.0584
0.70947 0.0584
0.97955 0.0036946
1 0

lgTkZigTaZFcWgA

points.
192
Information: N-14 airfoil RMS curvature error: 30.09 30.23 %
Cm error 17 8 mcts

1 0
0.65848 -0.057
0.44432 -0.057
0.3 -0.057
0.15978 -0.057
0 -0.039841
0 0
0 0.02964
0.11039 0.0578
0.3 0.0578
0.45372 0.0578
0.65353 0.0578
1 0

gnTOZseTNY VgA

points.
193
Information: N/A RMS curvature error: 48.11 44.26 %

1 -0.0019989
0.45466 -0.010709
0.2926 -0.028915
0.10097 -0.028915
0.069814 -0.028915
0 -0.02601
0 0
0 0.036002
0.10954 0.09996
0.29698 0.09996
0.43297 0.09996
0.60364 0.09802
1 0.0019989

XnTMq5UGOM-wQpK

points.
194
Information: N-24 airfoil RMS curvature error: 53.38 51.92 %

1 -0.0049955
0.30815 -0.028116
0.21597 -0.039871
0.15162 -0.039871
0.094124 -0.039871
0 -0.039871
0 0
0 0.046831
0.094582 0.1365
0.29503 0.1365
0.65342 0.1365
0.89666 0.011122
1 0.0049955

WqTg5 YKFRT3GgZ

points.
195
Information: NACA 64(2)-215 airfoil RMS curvature error: 17.3 18.47 %
Cm error 10 -3 mcts

1 0
0.84631 0.0056646
0.59274 -0.06452
0.35074 -0.06452
0.2251 -0.06452
0 -0.041221
0 0
0 0.046919
0.20352 0.08544
0.39952 0.08544
0.57632 0.08544
0.89803 0.008473
1 0

ifaTjoXWYcPYDlA

points.
196
Profile: naca0002mod Table 768: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: NACA 0002 from equations, 8 decimals, no TE gapno RMS curvature error: 10.36 6.63 %
TE gap CD error NaN NaN dcts
Reference: UIUC Cm error NaN NaN mcts

distribution.

1 0
0.78497 -0.0049279
0.52183 -0.010001
0.3 -0.010001
0.15 -0.010001
0 -0.0069007
0 0
0 0.0069007
0.15 0.010001
0.3 0.010001
0.52137 0.010001
0.79601 0.0047671
1 0

rgTUErgTUEfgDgA
points.
197
Information: Naca 0004 from equations, 8 decimals, no TE gap RMS curvature error: 9.64 17.53 %
Reference: NACA CD error NaN NaN dcts

1 0
0.80023 -0.0095549
0.51548 -0.020002
0.3 -0.020002
0.033 -0.020002
0 -0.0048005
0 0
0 0.0048005
0.033 0.020002
0.3 0.020002
0.51611 0.020002
0.80023 0.009494
1 0

P4TUJP4TUJefGgA

points.
198
Information: NACA 0006, from equations, 16 decimals, no TE RMS curvature error: 6.2 8.49 %
gap. CD error -0.2 -0.8 dcts
Reference: NACA equations Cm error -3 2 mcts

distribution.

1 0
0.85322 -0.010773
0.53278 -0.030004
0.3 -0.030004
0.15 -0.030004
0 -0.021003
0 0
0 0.021003
0.15 0.030004
0.3 0.030004
0.53239 0.030004
0.85236 0.010834
1 0

sgTVNsgTVNXXJgA
points.
199
Information: NACA 0008, from equations, 16 decimals, no TE gap RMS curvature error: 5.7 6.22 %
Reference: Naca equations CD error 1.2 1.2 dcts
Cm error 5 2 mcts


1 0
0.85438 -0.014255
0.53332 -0.040005
0.3 -0.040005
0.153 -0.040005
0 -0.028004
0 0
0 0.028004
0.153 0.040005
0.3 0.040005
0.53293 0.040005
0.85352 0.014335
1 0

sfTVRsfTVRXXMgA

points.
200
Profile: naca0009sm Table 784: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: NACA 0009 airfoil (smoothed) RMS curvature error: 9.65 11.04 %
Cm error -3 0 mcts

1 0
0.91353 -0.012041
0.53671 -0.04509
0.30866 -0.04509
0.015503 -0.04509
0 -0.0077875
0 0
0 0.0077875
0.015503 0.04509
0.30866 0.04509
0.53671 0.04509
0.91353 0.012041
1 0

L8UVTL8UVTRRSgA

points.
201
gap. CD error 0.4 0.5 dcts
Reference: Naca equations Cm error 5 9 mcts

distribution.
Maximum Camber: 0 % @1C
Camber deflection: 0 deg

1 0
0.85594 -0.017634
0.53405 -0.050006
0.3 -0.050006
0.165 -0.050006
0 -0.037004
0 0
0 0.037004
0.165 0.050006
0.3 0.050006
0.53416 0.050006
0.85616 0.017608
1 0

usTVVusTVVXXQgA
points.
202
gap. CD error 0.7 1.1 dcts
Reference: LiU Cm error 6 6 mcts

distribution.

1 0
0.8551 -0.021279
0.53367 -0.060007
0.3 -0.060007
0.15 -0.060007
0 -0.042005
0 0
0 0.042005
0.15 0.060007
0.3 0.060007
0.53418 0.060007
0.8562 0.021124
1 0

sgTVasgTVaXXTgA
points.
203
Information: Naca 0014 from equations, 8 decimals. no TE gap RMS curvature error: 4.32 5.45 %
Reference: NACA CD error -0.7 0.5 dcts
Cm error -6 6 mcts

1 0
0.85492 -0.024857
0.53359 -0.070008
0.3 -0.070008
0.141 -0.070008
0 -0.046905
0 0
0 0.046905
0.141 0.070008
0.3 0.070008
0.5337 0.070008
0.85492 0.024857
1 0

qhTVeqhTVeXXWgA

points.
204
Information: Naca 0016 from equations, 8 decimals, no te gap. RMS curvature error: 3.33 5.08 %
Cm error 3 3 mcts

1 0
0.85463 -0.028461
0.53346 -0.080009
0.3 -0.080009
0.095852 -0.080009
0 -0.041873
0 0
0 0.041873
0.095852 0.080009
0.3 0.080009
0.53344 0.080009
0.85458 0.02847
1 0

grTVhgrTVhXXZgA

points.
205
Information: Naca 0018 from equations, 8 decimals, no TE gap. RMS curvature error: 3.4 5.97 %
Reference: NACA CD error 0.2 1.2 dcts
Cm error 2 7 mcts

1 0
0.85413 -0.032126
0.53322 -0.090011
0.3 -0.090011
0.095532 -0.090011
0 -0.047138
0 0
0 0.047138
0.095532 0.090011
0.3 0.090011
0.53318 0.090011
0.85406 0.032141
1 0

hrTVlhrTVlXXcgA

points.
206
Reference: NACA equations CD error 0.2 0 dcts
Cm error 3 -6 mcts


1 0
0.85471 -0.035557
0.53352 -0.10001
0.3 -0.10001
0.096837 -0.10001
0 -0.052304
0 0
0 0.052304
0.096837 0.10001
0.3 0.10001
0.53352 0.10001
0.85471 0.035556
1 0

gqTVqgqTVqXXfgA

points.
207
Reference: NACA CD error 0.1 -0.1 dcts
Cm error 6 -3 mcts

1 0
0.85413 -0.03926
0.53328 -0.11001
0.3 -0.11001
0.096783 -0.11001
0 -0.057515
0 0
0 0.057515
0.096783 0.11001
0.3 0.11001
0.53329 0.11001
0.85414 0.039256
1 0

gqTVugqTVuXXhgA

points.
208
Reference: NACA CD error 0 0.2 dcts
Cm error 1 -7 mcts

1 0
0.85533 -0.042491
0.53383 -0.12001
0.3 -0.12001
0.10503 -0.12001
0 -0.066006
0 0
0 0.066006
0.10503 0.12001
0.3 0.12001
0.53382 0.12001
0.85531 0.042498
1 0

ipTVyipTVyXXkgA

points.
209
Reference: NACA CD error 0 -0.5 dcts

1 0
0.85436 -0.046337
0.53327 -0.13002
0.3 -0.13002
0.105 -0.13002
0 -0.071511
0 0
0 0.071511
0.105 0.13002
0.3 0.13002
0.53276 0.13002
0.85323 0.04668
1 0

ipTV2ipTV2XXmgA

points.
210
Reference: NACA CD error 0.2 0.4 dcts
Cm error -2 -2 mcts

1 0
0.85299 -0.050352
0.5326 -0.14002
0.3 -0.14002
0.096281 -0.14002
0 -0.073322
0 0
0 0.073322
0.096281 0.14002
0.3 0.14002
0.5326 0.14002
0.85288 0.050388
1 0

hqTV7hqTV7XXpgA

points.
211
Reference: NACA CD error -0.2 -0.4 dcts

1 0
0.85704 -0.052492
0.53454 -0.15
0.3 -0.15
0.097167 -0.15
0 -0.078589
0 0
0 0.078589
0.097167 0.15
0.3 0.15
0.53454 0.15
0.85704 0.052492
1 0

hqTV hqTV WWsgA

points.
212
Profile: naca64a010 Table 832: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: NACA 63A210 airfoil RMS curvature error: 61.44 53.18 %
Cm error -7 -8 mcts

1 0
0.77533 -0.023471
0.55182 -0.049954
0.4 -0.049954
0.243 -0.049954
0 -0.032976
0 0
0 0.032476
0.243 0.049954
0.4 0.049954
0.55179 0.049954
0.77522 0.023483
1 0

pZaQVpZaQVggNgA

points.
213
Information: NACA 64A210 airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 -0.00021
0.66501 -0.016185
0.565 -0.03744
0.35065 -0.03744
0.27011 -0.03744
0 -0.029777
0 0
0 0.034514
0.2341 0.06274
0.39955 0.06274
0.63893 0.06274
0.90468 0.013779
1 0.00021

ibaabyPWVQRwMkB

points.
214
Profile: naca66-018 Table 840: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: NACA 66-018 airfoil RMS curvature error: 40.36 40.87 %

1 0
0.79547 -0.023408
0.73259 -0.08998
0.45 -0.08998
0.25143 -0.08998
0 -0.049775
0 0
0 0.049775
0.25593 0.08998
0.45 0.08998
0.73542 0.08998
0.79589 0.02255
1 0

icsglicsglwwOgA

points.
215
Information: NACA 63(2)A-015 airfoil RMS curvature error: 86.85 86.93 %
Cm error -2 -7 mcts

1 0
0.72751 -0.034487
0.5437 -0.06211
0.40245 -0.06211
0.25637 -0.06211
0 -0.030815
0 0
0 0.02734
0.055736 0.08827
0.33928 0.08827
0.50105 0.08827
0.66813 0.057019
1 0

U0WQlgXaPbqlThA

points.
216
Cm error 6 39 mcts

1 0
0.81198 -0.013038
0.79782 -0.0504
0.44625 -0.0504
0.28187 -0.0504
0 -0.037376
0 0
0 0.060968
0.25507 0.09982
0.35001 0.09982
0.59196 0.09982
0.81625 0.013671
1 0

mRWYquYsoWs7JgA

points.
217
Cm error 23 9 mcts

1 0
0.81359 -0.0078421
0.80377 -0.04493
0.44636 -0.04493
0.29882 -0.04493
0 -0.036495
0 0
0 0.054586
0.2036 0.10499
0.40176 0.10499
0.552 0.10499
0.92507 0.00039606
1 0

ggaQszVsoTL8DeA

points.
218
Profile: naca000834 Table 856: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Cm error 0 -2 mcts
Maximum Camber: -0.00014663 % @0.54C

1 -0.0008
0.77402 -0.029135
0.57806 -0.04
0.4 -0.04
0.13026 -0.04
0 -0.011422
0 0
0 0.011422
0.13026 0.04
0.4 0.04
0.60318 0.04
0.80068 0.025775
1 0.0008

SqaWRSqaTRotQgE

points.
219
Cm error 1 2 mcts

1 -0.001
0.75439 -0.039571
0.55635 -0.05
0.4 -0.05
0.13056 -0.05
0 -0.014305
0 0
0 0.014305
0.13056 0.05
0.4 0.05
0.55632 0.05
0.75436 0.039575
1 0.001

SqaRVSqaRVxxUgF

points.
220
Profile: naca001034a08cli0.2 Table 864: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: NACA 0010-34 a=0.8 c(li)=0.2 airfoil RMS curvature error: 17.73 17.3 %

1 -0.001
0.99975 -0.0010012
0.62549 -0.03721
0.40045 -0.03721
0.075274 -0.03721
0 -0.0082977
0 0
0 0.01936
0.16187 0.06279
0.39955 0.06279
0.61715 0.06279
0.7714 0.04853
1 0.001

UlaXbOzaYQwANoF

points.
221
Cm error 1 -2 mcts

1 -0.001
0.82462 -0.041887
0.65085 -0.05
0.5 -0.05
0.2167 -0.05
0 -0.019277
0 0
0 0.019277
0.2167 0.05
0.5 0.05
0.65085 0.05
0.82462 0.041887
1 0.001

ZjgTVZjgTV00sgF

points.
222
Cm error -2 -1 mcts

1 -0.001
0.7546 -0.039537
0.55659 -0.05
0.4 -0.05
0.34818 -0.05
0 -0.048045
0 0
0 0.048045
0.34818 0.05
0.4 0.05
0.55608 0.05
0.75415 0.039608
1 0.001

8IaRV8IaRVxxUgF

points.
223
Cm error -3 -6 mcts

1 -0.001
0.82462 -0.041887
0.65085 -0.05
0.5 -0.05
0.39128 -0.05
0 -0.046577
0 0
0 0.046577
0.39128 0.05
0.5 0.05
0.65086 0.05
0.82463 0.041886
1 0.001

7OgTV7OgTV00sgF

points.
224

1 -0.001
0.88877 -0.033554
0.84229 -0.05
0.6 -0.05
0.063536 -0.05
0 -0.023409
0 0
0 0.023409
0.063536 0.05
0.6 0.05
0.79945 0.05
0.87067 0.041475
1 0.001

e4lgVe4lmV0slgF

points.
225
Information: Naca 1108 from eqation, 8 decimals, no TE gap. RMS curvature error: 19.18 17.73 %
Cm error 7 11 mcts

1 0
0.80045 -0.014245
0.52665 -0.03054
0.31978 -0.03054
0.1535 -0.03054
0 -0.016797
0 0
0 0.022295
0.056036 0.049545
0.28018 0.049545
0.48812 0.049545
0.76322 0.02793
1 0

sySSVigUTNjeMhA

points.
226
Information: Naca 1110 profile from equations, 8 decimals, no TE RMS curvature error: 21.7 21.82 %
gap CD error -1.9 -2.3 dcts
Reference: NACA Cm error 3 0 mcts

distribution.

1 0
0.80094 -0.019372
0.51396 -0.040529
0.30974 -0.040529
0.14558 -0.040529
0 -0.022291
0 0
0 0.056142
0.20908 0.059542
0.29024 0.059542
0.51481 0.059542
0.80196 0.027923
1 0

7STUZihUTRefPhA
points.
227
Information: Naca 1112 from equations, 8 decimals, no TE gap. RMS curvature error: 98.89 Inf %
Reference: NACA CD error -2 -1.8 dcts
Cm error 2 -6 mcts

1 0
0.80562 -0.023539
0.517 -0.050526
0.30969 -0.050526
0.11941 -0.050526
0 -0.02416
0 0
0 0.067887
0.2314 0.06954
0.29028 0.06954
0.51319 0.06954
0.80684 0.031852
1 0

9NTUefmUTWseShA

points.
228
Cm error -4 -8 mcts

1 0
0.88522 -0.017127
0.54758 -0.060523
0.30964 -0.060523
0.10528 -0.060523
0 -0.02663
0 0
0 0.078474
0.24008 0.079537
0.29033 0.079537
0.53278 0.079537
0.85295 0.028588
1 0

-LTWhcpUWaXSWhA

points.
229
Cm error -8 -9 mcts

1 0
0.81951 -0.030429
0.52086 -0.07052
0.30959 -0.07052
0.089803 -0.07052
0 -0.028092
0 0
0 0.075889
0.17735 0.089535
0.29038 0.089535
0.51155 0.089535
0.80021 0.04251
1 0

1ZTUlZsUUeecYhA

points.
230
Profile: naca1118mod
Table 904: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: NACA 1118 modified with sharp TE Control points Base64
Reference: NACA/LiU RMS position error: 1.843 7.11 ects
RMS curvature error: 8.82 9.06 %
CD error -2.7 -2.8 dcts

curvature of the parameter curve.
Figure 680: Wing profile with camber and thickness

distribution.

1 0
0.83908 -0.031572
0.52511 -0.080517
0.30953 -0.080517
0.14239 -0.080517
0 -0.0467
0 0
0 0.075645
0.14521 0.099533
0.29042 0.099533
0.53741 0.099533
0.8483 0.036421
1 0

wgTWpkiUUhXZbhA
points.
231
Profile: naca1120-mod Table 908: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: NACA 1120 modified with sharp TE RMS curvature error: 23.14 24.85 %
Reference: NACA/LiU CD error -3.3 -2.7 dcts


1 0
0.8267 -0.038111
0.51857 -0.090514
0.30948 -0.090514
0.061896 -0.090514
0 -0.024439
0 0
0 0.086529
0.15976 0.10953
0.29047 0.10953
0.54662 0.10953
0.85672 0.037198
1 0

ysTXuRyUTmWbehA

points.
232
Information: NACA 1122 modifies, sharp TE RMS curvature error: 13.26 14.48 %
Reference: NACA/LiU CD error -5.5 -5.8 dcts


1 0
0.81697 -0.044589
0.51331 -0.10051
0.30943 -0.10051
0.15162 -0.10051
0 -0.062317
0 0
0 0.092037
0.15397 0.11953
0.29052 0.11953
0.51783 0.11953
0.79164 0.058467
1 0

weTVyngUTqfcghA

points.
233
Information: NACA 1124 modified sharp TE RMS curvature error: 10.42 11.21 %

1 0
0.80906 -0.051041
0.50893 -0.11051
0.30938 -0.11051
0.13613 -0.11051
0 -0.0652
0 0
0 0.1101
0.18596 0.12953
0.29056 0.12953
0.51251 0.12953
0.7793 0.066994
1 0

1XTU2ljUSugejhA

points.
234
Cm error 0 0 mcts

1 -0.0012
0.75645 -0.047077
0.55892 -0.06
0.4 -0.06
0.1305 -0.06
0 -0.017155
0 0
0 0.017155
0.1305 0.06
0.4 0.06
0.55909 0.06
0.7566 0.047048
1 0.0012

SqaRaSqaRaxxYgG

points.
235
Cm error -2 -3 mcts

1 -0.0012
0.75661 -0.047045
0.5591 -0.06
0.4 -0.06
0.34855 -0.06
0 -0.057685
0 0
0 0.057685
0.34855 0.06
0.4 0.06
0.55909 0.06
0.7566 0.047047
1 0.0012

9IaRa9IaRaxxYgG

points.
236
Profile: naca001264a08cli0.2 Table 928: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: NACA 0012-64 a=0.8 c(li)=0.2 airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 -0.0011
0.89495 -0.030953
0.53049 -0.03726
0.50007 -0.03726
0.10859 -0.03726
0 -0.0049222
0 0
0 0.066423
0.37196 0.07275
0.39947 0.07275
0.55453 0.07275
0.72888 0.067096
1 0.0011

5EaRfIxgEQ60geG

points.
237
Information: NACA 2808 from equations, 16 decimals, no TE gap. RMS curvature error: 66.67 65.84 %
Reference: LiU CD error -0.2 -1.6 dcts

1 0
0.85264 0.022849
0.53396 -0.029472
0.20143 -0.029472
0.086615 -0.029472
0 -0.019746
0 0
0 0.033265
0.19552 0.053653
0.39903 0.053653
0.43153 0.053653
0.86828 0.052668
1 0

ngaDXqjNbN-UO4A

points.
238
Information: NACA 2415 Modified RMS curvature error: 16.97 16.77 %
Cm error 0 10 mcts

1 -0.00157
0.70528 -0.032362
0.41878 -0.05703
0.25278 -0.05703
0.16178 -0.05703
0 -0.050186
0 0
0 0.054152
0.14046 0.09409
0.34448 0.09409
0.43549 0.09409
0.68957 0.077092
1 0.00157

klWJn3XQOYzjWlI

points.
239
Information: NACA 6409 Sharp TE RMS curvature error: 34.16 36.17 %
Cm error 5 8 mcts

1 0
0.41397 0.050781
0.13864 -0.01192
0.0497 -0.01192
0.027832 -0.01192
0 -0.01049
0 0
0 0.035035
0.14467 0.1036
0.3959 0.1036
0.39787 0.1036
0.67218 0.10341
1 0

WoZAr3cDGF rOxA

points.
240
Reference: UIUC CD error 0 NaN dcts
Cm error 0 NaN mcts
Upper transition point -0.01 NaN %

1 -0.0006
0.83515 -0.02359
0.6697 -0.03
0.5 -0.03
0.27902 -0.03
0 -0.017792
0 0
0 0.017792
0.27902 0.03
0.5 0.03
0.66969 0.03
0.83515 0.023591
1 0.0006

lcgWNlcgWNxxSgD

points.
241
Information: NACA 16-009 airfoil. RMS curvature error: 15.56 15.33 %
Cm error 0 2 mcts

1 -0.0009
0.84538 -0.033102
0.68716 -0.045
0.5 -0.045
0.26092 -0.045
0 -0.025204
0 0
0 0.025204
0.26092 0.045
0.5 0.045
0.68704 0.045
0.8453 0.033118
1 0.0009

jfgYTjfgYTuuagF

points.
242
Cm error -1 1 mcts

1 -0.0012
0.83389 -0.047553
0.66749 -0.06
0.5 -0.06
0.27866 -0.06
0 -0.035542
0 0
0 0.035542
0.27866 0.06
0.5 0.06
0.66749 0.06
0.83388 0.047553
1 0.0012

lcgValcgVaxxigG

points.
243
Cm error -2 2 mcts

1 -0.0015
0.83466 -0.059157
0.66884 -0.075
0.5 -0.075
0.27888 -0.075
0 -0.044459
0 0
0 0.044459
0.27888 0.075
0.5 0.075
0.66882 0.075
0.83465 0.059162
1 0.0015

lcgWglcgWgxxqgI

points.
244
Cm error -2 1 mcts
Nose Incidence: 9.7292e-006 deg

1 -0.0018
0.83431 -0.071141
0.66824 -0.09
0.5 -0.09
0.27878 -0.09
0 -0.053334
0 0
0 0.053334
0.27878 0.09
0.5 0.09
0.66823 0.09
0.83431 0.071143
1 0.0018

lcgWllcgWlxxygJ

points.
245

1 -0.0021
0.8341 -0.083107
0.66787 -0.105
0.5 -0.105
0.27871 -0.105
0 -0.062209
0 0
0 0.062209
0.27871 0.105
0.5 0.105
0.66782 0.105
0.83408 0.083119
1 0.0021

lcgVslcgVsxx5gL

points.
246
Information: NACA 23012 airfoil RMS curvature error: 29.45 34.23 %
Cm error 1 -2 mcts

1 -0.00126
0.90663 -0.01222
0.60478 -0.045099
0.34417 -0.045099
0.27177 -0.045099
0 -0.033625
0 0
0 0.0082911
0.002513 0.075968
0.2513 0.075968
0.51798 0.075968
0.8909 0.018926
1 0.00126

H-QXgvNWZTPQShG

points.
247
Cm error -2 -9 mcts

1 -0.0016
0.62909 -0.05902
0.384 -0.0596
0.3 -0.0596
0.23383 -0.0596
0 -0.040857
0 0
0 0.0923
0.2475 0.0923
0.25 0.0923
0.26833 0.0923
0.54755 0.091393
1 0.0016

BQCmrOTIZ–WhI

points.
248
Cm error -1 -5 mcts

1 -0.00165
0.62326 -0.0747
0.356 -0.0747
0.3 -0.0747
0.17144 -0.0747
0 -0.0412
0 0
0 0.099117
0.2005 0.1056
0.25 0.1056
0.2946 0.1056
0.56493 0.10559
1 0.00165

7NQEsibTFg bhI

points.
249

1 -0.0022
0.60167 -0.088627
0.377 -0.0895
0.3 -0.0895
0.12601 -0.0895
0 -0.03656
0 0
0 0.041786
0.0094416 0.1206
0.3 0.1206
0.36479 0.1206
0.61104 0.10496
1 0.0022

W9TGyakTHl3-ehL

points.
250
Profile: naca63010a Table 984: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6 · 106
Information: NACA 63-010 A aifoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error -2 1 mcts

1 -0.00021
0.66543 -0.033468
0.54399 -0.04995
0.35 -0.04995
0.20978 -0.04995
0 -0.030085
0 0
0 0.030085
0.20978 0.04995
0.35 0.04995
0.54399 0.04995
0.66543 0.033468
1 0.00021

maWTVmaWTVuuNgB

points.
251
Information: NACA 63-012 A RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error -3 -4 mcts

1 -0.00025
0.6642 -0.039964
0.53843 -0.05995
0.35 -0.05995
0.20342 -0.05995
0 -0.035287
0 0
0 0.035287
0.20342 0.05995
0.35 0.05995
0.53843 0.05995
0.6642 0.039964
1 0.00025

lbWTalbWTauuPgB

points.
252
Information: NACA 63-015 A -MOD TE GAP RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 0 -2 mcts

1 -0.00032
0.66934 -0.048423
0.53265 -0.07496
0.35 -0.07496
0.19429 -0.07496
0 -0.042472
0 0
0 0.042472
0.19429 0.07496
0.35 0.07496
0.53265 0.07496
0.66934 0.048423
1 0.00032

jcWSgjcWSgssSgC

points.
253
Cm error -6 10 mcts

1 0
0.85131 0.0089825
0.60744 -0.01982
0.3004 -0.01982
0.3004 -0.01982
0 -0.019225
0 0
0 0.017665
0.16478 0.04042
0.39981 0.04042
0.59578 0.04042
0.8578 0.012227
1 0

claVR9ATcIXYCmA

points.
254
Profile: naca63210a Table 1000: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106

1 0
0.89171 0.010176
0.55982 -0.0397
0.35049 -0.0397
0.15957 -0.0397
0 -0.023977
0 0
0 0.034658
0.21785 0.0603
0.34951 0.0603
0.58294 0.0603
0.71228 0.032106
1 0

kYWXamiWVRrQBpA

points.
255
Profile: naca63212 Table 1004: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: NACA 63(1)-212 RMS curvature error: 23.25 26.23 %
Cm error -2 -4 mcts

1 0
0.87266 0.0093801
0.56594 -0.0497
0.35059 -0.0497
0.15044 -0.0497
0 -0.027479
0 0
0 0.040232
0.21097 0.0703
0.34941 0.0703
0.59932 0.0703
0.78203 0.023084
1 0

kZWZeikWVViTCnA

points.
256
Cm error -2 4 mcts

1 0
0.86445 0.0091745
0.56241 -0.0647
0.35074 -0.0647
0.13301 -0.0647
0 -0.030783
0 0
0 0.048664
0.20358 0.0853
0.34926 0.0853
0.5914 0.0853
0.80095 0.021626
1 0

kbWYjenWVcfUDnA

points.
257
Profile: naca63215b Table 1012: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: NACA-NASA/AMES/Hicks 63(2)-215 MOD B air- RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
foil CD error -1.9 -1.9 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.83802 0.0076106
0.58806 -0.0648
0.325 -0.0648
0.16089 -0.0648
0 -0.034035
0 0
0 0.086
0.18916 0.086
0.275 0.086
0.63183 0.086
0.72819 0.03145
1 0

USfkhgVZcuZEnA
points.
258
Cm error 2 -2 mcts

1 0
0.83671 0.01846
0.58654 -0.03984
0.3016 -0.03984
0.18423 -0.03984
0 -0.027914
0 0
0 0.037475
0.16837 0.08062
0.39924 0.08062
0.5838 0.08062
0.86524 0.022269
1 0

ekaUhsZTaRVZDsA

points.
259
Cm error 10 -5 mcts

1 0
0.83466 0.018753
0.58944 -0.05474
0.302 -0.05474
0.16351 -0.05474
0 -0.03176
0 0
0 0.057215
0.22757 0.09559
0.34852 0.09559
0.57766 0.09559
0.71845 0.051786
1 0

lWWXoksTaXqaEtA

points.
260
Cm error -5 -6 mcts

1 -0.00018
0.80445 -0.015997
0.56603 -0.03998
0.4 -0.03998
0.21776 -0.03998
0 -0.023833
0 0
0 0.023833
0.21776 0.03998
0.4 0.03998
0.56603 0.03998
0.80445 0.015997
1 0.00018

lsaSRlsaSRssKgB

points.
261

1 0
0.90038 -0.00049837
0.56563 -0.05981
0.4 -0.05981
0.18642 -0.05981
0 -0.032814
0 0
0 0.032814
0.18642 0.05981
0.4 0.05981
0.56563 0.05981
0.90038 0.00049785
1 0

ihaSaihaSaPPBgA

points.
262
Information: NACA 64(1)-012A airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 -0.00025
0.79705 -0.024464
0.55625 -0.05993
0.4 -0.05993
0.20536 -0.05993
0 -0.034243
0 0
0 0.034243
0.20536 0.05993
0.4 0.05993
0.55624 0.05993
0.79705 0.024464
1 0.00025

kfaRakfaRassPgB

points.
263
Cm error -3 -4 mcts
Upper transition point -3 -3.54 %

1 0
0.81269 -0.0095858
0.60783 -0.07482
0.35 -0.07482
0.24374 -0.07482
0 -0.047562
0 0
0 0.047562
0.24374 0.07482
0.35 0.07482
0.60783 0.07482
0.81269 0.009586
1 0

oTWZgoTWZgffHgA

points.
264
Information: NACA 64(2)-015A airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 -0.00032
0.79558 -0.030353
0.54989 -0.07487
0.4 -0.07487
0.19617 -0.07487
0 -0.041309
0 0
0 0.041309
0.19617 0.07487
0.4 0.07487
0.54989 0.07487
0.79558 0.030354
1 0.00032

igaQgigaQgssTgC

points.
265
Reference: UIUC CD error NaN -3 dcts
Cm error NaN 9 mcts
Upper transition point NaN 6.42 %

1 0
0.84396 0.0016396
0.61931 -0.03464
0.3502 -0.03464
0.27164 -0.03464
0 -0.025791
0 0
0 0.02512
0.21282 0.04528
0.39987 0.04528
0.59618 0.04528
0.8962 0.0048405
1 0

jeaVTvOWbPQaCiA

points.
266
Cm error 7 -10 mcts

1 0
0.83986 0.00076226
0.61424 -0.04465
0.35025 -0.04465
0.26064 -0.04465
0 -0.031647
0 0
0 0.030647
0.20708 0.05524
0.39984 0.05524
0.58776 0.05524
0.90078 0.0042781
1 0

jfaUYsQWaTPbChA

points.
267

1 0
0.73107 0.0033383
0.62907 -0.01951
0.35029 -0.01951
0.34007 -0.01951
0 -0.01931
0 0
0 0.020649
0.22056 0.04066
0.39981 0.04066
0.60228 0.04066
0.83311 0.015319
1 0

gsaWR-CWbIbtFkA

points.
268
Cm error 4 -8 mcts

1 0
0.86631 0.0077769
0.60064 -0.02949
0.35039 -0.02949
0.29283 -0.02949
0 -0.025118
0 0
0 0.026911
0.21889 0.05063
0.39974 0.05063
0.60221 0.05063
0.8722 0.011915
1 0

hsaWW2LWZNVVCmA

points.
269
Cm error -4 -6 mcts

1 0
0.86238 0.0075144
0.60121 -0.03449
0.35044 -0.03449
0.29748 -0.03449
0 -0.028742
0 0
0 0.029937
0.21731 0.05561
0.39971 0.05561
0.59918 0.05561
0.881 0.010999
1 0

hsaVY0KWZPTWCmA

points.
270
Cm error 67 58 mcts

1 0
0.70542 -0.0043503
0.62507 -0.0395
0.35049 -0.0395
0.26389 -0.0395
0 -0.030141
0 0
0 0.032896
0.21523 0.06059
0.39968 0.06059
0.59536 0.06059
0.88762 0.010243
1 0

ieaVawQWbRSxHjA

points.
271
Cm error 7 -3 mcts

1 0
0.85289 0.0065966
0.59861 -0.04948
0.35059 -0.04948
0.24343 -0.04948
0 -0.034731
0 0
0 0.038577
0.20988 0.07052
0.39961 0.07052
0.58779 0.07052
0.89332 0.0094307
1 0

ieaUesUWYVRXDlA

points.
272
Profile: naca64212mb Table 1072: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: NACA-NASA/AMES/Hicks RMS curvature error: 31.74 30.72 %

1 0
0.85289 0.0065968
0.59861 -0.04948
0.35059 -0.04948
0.24343 -0.04948
0 -0.034731
0 0
0 0.071
0.19318 0.071
0.29921 0.071
0.59903 0.071
0.63116 0.047182
1 0

XTbesUWYV6XFnA

points.
273
Information: NACA 65-209 airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 0
0.73131 -0.0041254
0.67303 -0.03425
0.40029 -0.03425
0.27484 -0.03425
0 -0.024941
0 0
0 0.03049
0.25795 0.05567
0.39971 0.05567
0.62474 0.05567
0.72647 0.033703
1 0

iXaYYuUasPu0JkA

points.
274
Cm error -5 -5 mcts

1 0
0.87582 0.005665
0.64179 -0.03925
0.40032 -0.03925
0.26279 -0.03925
0 -0.02714
0 0
0 0.033492
0.25724 0.06067
0.39968 0.06067
0.63322 0.06067
0.76364 0.030015
1 0

iXaZarWaaRoWFnA

points.
275

1 0
0.85399 0.014793
0.67282 -0.02863
0.35097 -0.02863
0.28078 -0.02863
0 -0.023477
0 0
0 0.031077
0.20059 0.07153
0.44968 0.07153
0.63932 0.07153
0.9094 0.016528
1 0

cisWfzNWgMQsFsA

points.
276
Cm error 22 36 mcts

1 0
0.79002 0.0011926
0.7816 -0.01905
0.4501 -0.01905
0.4501 -0.01905
0 -0.01886
0 0
0 0.019933
0.25232 0.04095
0.4499 0.04095
0.68838 0.04095
0.78838 0.025123
1 0

fcscR-AsmIq9HlA

points.
277
Cm error 22 27 mcts

1 0
0.79505 -0.0028625
0.76787 -0.03404
0.45014 -0.03404
0.31106 -0.03404
0 -0.02532
0 0
0 0.029358
0.26052 0.05594
0.44986 0.05594
0.72265 0.05594
0.8418 0.019753
1 0

hbsgYvUskPk4JkA

points.
278
Cm error 12 -9 mcts

1 0
0.85416 0.030689
0.55705 -0.04499
0.303 -0.04499
0.10271 -0.04499
0 -0.021709
0 0
0 0.055275
0.18994 0.10598
0.39857 0.10598
0.5724 0.10598
0.83475 0.040297
1 0

ghaSsfpTXTZVC0A

points.
279
Information: NACA 63(3)-018 airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error -1 -1 mcts

1 0
0.8204 -0.0069061
0.58133 -0.09007
0.33928 -0.09007
0.15862 -0.09007
0 -0.04335
0 0
0 0.04335
0.15862 0.09007
0.33928 0.09007
0.58133 0.09007
0.8204 0.0069062
1 0

fhWXlfhWXlbbFgA

points.
280

1 0
0.85728 0.0088716
0.55605 -0.0797
0.35089 -0.0797
0.12057 -0.0797
0 -0.033272
0 0
0 0.049983
0.17051 0.1003
0.34911 0.1003
0.58136 0.1003
0.80844 0.021299
1 0

ggWXqbpWUhsVDnA

points.
281
Information: NACA 63,3-418 airfoil RMS curvature error: 55.18 55.42 %
Cm error 1 0 mcts

1 0
0.82404 0.01814
0.58303 -0.069703
0.30866 -0.069703
0.13614 -0.069703
0 -0.031832
0 0
0 0.060585
0.18935 0.11056
0.37059 0.11056
0.56832 0.11056
0.79899 0.037197
1 0

ifYUusjUZeebFsA

points.
282
Cm error 11 10 mcts

1 0
0.83988 0.03064
0.56447 -0.0599
0.3036 -0.0599
0.1068 -0.0599
0 -0.024569
0 0
0 0.078234
0.2486 0.12086
0.34734 0.12086
0.54078 0.12086
0.65262 0.089297
1 0

oSWTzaoTYavYEzA

points.
283

1 0
0.85091 0.0085306
0.55027 -0.09469
0.35103 -0.09469
0.10736 -0.09469
0 -0.033833
0 0
0 0.062019
0.1829 0.11529
0.34897 0.11529
0.57251 0.11529
0.81169 0.021357
1 0

heWWwXrWUncVEnA

points.
284
Cm error 17 15 mcts

1 0
0.80885 0.016749
0.58792 -0.08464
0.30281 -0.08464
0.13763 -0.08464
0 -0.035835
0 0
0 0.077145
0.21925 0.12558
0.34793 0.12558
0.57508 0.12558
0.77346 0.043318
1 0

mYWW1biTajheGsA

points.
285
Reference: UIUC CD error NaN -2 dcts

1 0
0.83573 -0.00014672
0.60963 -0.05463
0.35029 -0.05463
0.2479 -0.05463
0 -0.036894
0 0
0 0.035734
0.19943 0.06517
0.39981 0.06517
0.58041 0.06517
0.90159 0.0039633
1 0

igaTcqTWaXPbDhA

points.
286
Cm error 10 -3 mcts

1 0
0.84631 0.0056646
0.59274 -0.06452
0.35074 -0.06452
0.2251 -0.06452
0 -0.041221
0 0
0 0.046919
0.20352 0.08544
0.39952 0.08544
0.57632 0.08544
0.89803 0.008473
1 0

ifaTjoXWYcPYDlA

points.
287
Cm error 8 -15 mcts

1 0
0.86453 0.017567
0.57231 -0.05421
0.35147 -0.05421
0.19563 -0.05421
0 -0.034509
0 0
0 0.053825
0.22217 0.09614
0.39904 0.09614
0.58579 0.09614
0.87818 0.02139
1 0

jcaUoocWWXTUDtA

points.
288
Cm error 8 -21 mcts

1 0
0.84138 0.0048102
0.58538 -0.07949
0.35088 -0.07949
0.21018 -0.07949
0 -0.046651
0 0
0 0.054487
0.19982 0.10023
0.39942 0.10023
0.56557 0.10023
0.89876 0.0079364
1 0

igaSqlaWXhPYDkA

points.
289
Cm error 5 1 mcts

1 0
0.8586 0.017483
0.5695 -0.06917
0.35177 -0.06917
0.1784 -0.06917
0 -0.038168
0 0
0 0.063882
0.22028 0.11093
0.39885 0.11093
0.57585 0.11093
0.88986 0.018797
1 0

ksaTuigXVeRVDtA

points.
290
Cm error 7 44 mcts

1 0
0.86612 0.028329
0.55184 -0.05885
0.35265 -0.05885
0.13207 -0.05885
0 -0.02868
0 0
0 0.074418
0.24912 0.12163
0.39827 0.12163
0.57974 0.12163
0.8633 0.035363
1 0

mYZTzfnXUZVTD0A

points.
291
Cm error 1 -6 mcts

1 0
0.8378 0.0040786
0.57792 -0.0945
0.35103 -0.0945
0.19821 -0.0945
0 -0.051603
0 0
0 0.073699
0.25676 0.1151
0.34897 0.1151
0.59456 0.1151
0.77995 0.03125
1 0

oRWYwicWWniZHnA

points.
292
Cm error 7 -2 mcts

1 0
0.85161 0.016835
0.56428 -0.08419
0.35206 -0.08419
0.16664 -0.08419
0 -0.041396
0 0
0 0.075703
0.2272 0.12572
0.39865 0.12572
0.5659 0.12572
0.89539 0.017172
1 0

mcaS1fhXVjPWDsA

points.
293
Cm error 0 -14 mcts

1 0
0.87217 0.0050941
0.63785 -0.04926
0.40039 -0.04926
0.24837 -0.04926
0 -0.031603
0 0
0 0.039624
0.25717 0.07068
0.39961 0.07068
0.63913 0.07068
0.77941 0.0294
1 0

jXaaeoYaZVmXGnA

points.
294
Information: NACA 65(1) 412 RMS curvature error: 84.77 58.69 %
Reference: NACA Report No 824 CD error -1.9 -1.6 dcts
Cm error 1 1 mcts


1 0
0.88807 0.015207
0.621 -0.03855
0.40077 -0.03855
0.29256 -0.03855
0 -0.031226
0 0
0 0.044507
0.26267 0.08139
0.39923 0.08139
0.60772 0.08139
0.71663 0.056022
1 0

iWaWizRaYQtTEuA

points.
295
Cm error 0 -9 mcts

1 0
0.86585 0.0039949
0.6308 -0.06427
0.40048 -0.06427
0.2291 -0.06427
0 -0.037258
0 0
0 0.048245
0.25372 0.08569
0.39952 0.08569
0.63672 0.08569
0.79842 0.028709
1 0

jXaZkkbaZbjXHnA

points.
296
Cm error -4 -9 mcts

1 0
0.8796 0.01472
0.61851 -0.05355
0.40097 -0.05355
0.21039 -0.05355
0 -0.032088
0 0
0 0.05432
0.26378 0.09639
0.39903 0.09639
0.60324 0.09639
0.71296 0.062625
1 0

jWaWoleaXXtUGvA

points.
297
Profile: naca652415a05 Table 1172: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: NACA 65(2)-415 a=0.5 airfoil RMS curvature error: 57.45 66.61 %

1 0
0.89915 0.0029147
0.60913 -0.04526
0.40084 -0.04526
0.22856 -0.04526
0 -0.0312
0 0
0 0.056768
0.25626 0.1047
0.39916 0.1047
0.65017 0.1047
0.80513 0.025326
1 0

iXabsrcaWTjRGmA

points.
298
Cm error 0 -15 mcts

1 0
0.86143 0.0032495
0.62367 -0.07928
0.40058 -0.07928
0.21498 -0.07928
0 -0.042216
0 0
0 0.056495
0.24958 0.1007
0.39942 0.1007
0.63177 0.1007
0.81209 0.027691
1 0

jYaZqheaYhgYInA

points.
299
Information: NACA 65(4)-221 airfoil RMS curvature error: 66.9 Inf %
Cm error 2 12 mcts

1 0
0.85936 0.0027871
0.61587 -0.09428
0.40068 -0.09428
0.20208 -0.09428
0 -0.045977
0 0
0 0.063902
0.24404 0.1157
0.39932 0.1157
0.62514 0.1157
0.82181 0.026829
1 0

iZaYwfgaXneXInA

points.
300
Cm error 0 -11 mcts

1 0
0.86885 0.014131
0.60749 -0.08356
0.40135 -0.08356
0.17878 -0.08356
0 -0.038088
0 0
0 0.072679
0.25972 0.1264
0.39865 0.1264
0.62034 0.1264
0.78419 0.049759
1 0

kWaY1siaWjjVIvA

points.
301
Profile: naca654421a05 Table 1188: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: NACA 65(4)-421 a=0.5 airfoil RMS curvature error: 18.21 17.38 %

1 0
0.87665 0.001318
0.59277 -0.07526
0.40118 -0.07526
0.17388 -0.07526
0 -0.034547
0 0
0 0.079176
0.26903 0.1347
0.39882 0.1347
0.64 0.1347
0.81833 0.025147
1 0

lVaa4sjaUggTImA

points.
302
Cm error 22 36 mcts

1 0
0.83253 -0.0029799
0.75022 -0.04905
0.45019 -0.04905
0.27811 -0.04905
0 -0.032151
0 0
0 0.038514
0.26364 0.07095
0.44981 0.07095
0.72677 0.07095
0.81036 0.027142
1 0

iasgepYsiVrqKlA

points.
303
Cm error 27 23 mcts

1 0
0.81786 -0.0068044
0.74276 -0.064
0.45024 -0.064
0.25924 -0.064
0 -0.038428
0 0
0 0.047481
0.26507 0.0859
0.44976 0.0859
0.72547 0.0859
0.80144 0.032373
1 0

iasgklbshbtsNlA

points.
304
Cm error 38 65 mcts

1 0
0.82977 0.0050436
0.74814 -0.05305
0.45048 -0.05305
0.26139 -0.05305
0 -0.034795
0 0
0 0.052772
0.26999 0.09685
0.44952 0.09685
0.71991 0.09685
0.80996 0.041376
1 0

iasfopbsiXqqMqA

points.
305
Information: NACA 66(3)-218 airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 47 50 mcts

1 0
0.79404 -0.013775
0.73549 -0.07903
0.45029 -0.07903
0.24283 -0.07903
0 -0.043451
0 0
0 0.055526
0.26276 0.10093
0.44971 0.10093
0.72382 0.10093
0.8096 0.032097
1 0

ibsgqissghrxPkA

points.
306
Cm error 46 54 mcts

1 0
0.81624 0.00089947
0.7399 -0.06808
0.45057 -0.06808
0.23323 -0.06808
0 -0.03835
0 0
0 0.062497
0.27317 0.11188
0.44943 0.11188
0.71966 0.11188
0.81479 0.0426
1 0

jZsfvjfshspsOqA

points.
307
Cm error 24 26 mcts

1 0
0.81896 -0.0093308
0.7299 -0.09405
0.45033 -0.09405
0.23277 -0.09405
0 -0.048355
0 0
0 0.06371
0.26211 0.11595
0.44967 0.11595
0.72333 0.11595
0.82059 0.030265
1 0

ibsgwgfsgnpqOlA

points.
308
Information: NACA 67,1-215 airfoil RMS curvature error: 23.58 24.43 %

1 0
0.87125 -0.0044275
0.81321 -0.06394
0.5 -0.06394
0.30033 -0.06394
0 -0.045359
0 0
0 0.052482
0.27679 0.086
0.5 0.086
0.77974 0.086
0.83191 0.034603
1 0

msgjksagnbwrPnA

points.
309
Profile: nacacyh Table 1220: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: NACA CYH airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 32 28 mcts

1 -0.00099986
0.79908 -0.031596
0.20051 -0.031596
0.20051 -0.031596
0.029391 -0.031596
0 -0.017678
0 0
0 0.024361
0.082482 0.08664
0.29869 0.08664
0.54148 0.08664
0.6324 0.05838
1 0.00099986

StTWkj2NANy UgF

points.
310
Profile: nacam2 Table 1224: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: NACA M2 Airfoil. RMS curvature error: 7 7.58 %
Cm error -1 0 mcts

1 -0.002
0.618 -0.0403
0.40557 -0.0403
0.3 -0.0403
0.25599 -0.0403
0 -0.036002
0 0
0 0.036
0.25596 0.0403
0.3 0.0403
0.40557 0.0403
0.618 0.0403
1 0.002

4JTKR4JTKR NgK

points.
311
Information: NACA M3 airfoil RMS curvature error: 5.38 5.24 %
Upper transition point 2.87 NaN %

1 -0.002
0.61581 -0.0595
0.40639 -0.0595
0.3 -0.0595
0.21559 -0.0595
0 -0.047196
0 0
0 0.047196
0.21559 0.0595
0.3 0.0595
0.40639 0.0595
0.61581 0.0595
1 0.002

ySTKZySTKZ TgK

points.
312
Cm error 23 -3 mcts

1 0
0.88475 -0.0407
0.5199 -0.0407
0.4999 -0.0407
0.016733 -0.0407
0 -0.024362
0 0
0 0.03739
0.14913 0.08142
0.30021 0.08142
0.54525 0.08142
0.68274 0.039987
1 0

sgTWil9gDRs eWA

points.
313
Cm error 7 12 mcts

1 -0.002
0.70965 -0.0398
0.43935 -0.0398
0.3 -0.0398
0.011237 -0.0398
0 -0.014965
0 0
0 0.043248
0.17029 0.0795
0.3 0.0795
0.41191 0.0795
0.55575 0.0795
1 0.002

icTKhY9TNR ThK

points.
314
Profile: nasasc2-0714 Table 1240: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: NASA SC(2)-0714 airfoil (Ref. NASA TP-2890) RMS curvature error: 45.75 47.32 %

1 -0.0029496
0.79911 0.051838
0.7199 -0.064922
0.3209 -0.064922
0.2012 -0.064922
0 -0.056194
0 0
0 0.064517
0.25767 0.075234
0.42903 0.075234
0.70028 0.075234
0.87079 0.043551
1 0.0029496

2abeg2YVlcjtC5P

points.
315
Profile: ncambre Table 1244: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: ONERA/Aerospatiale NACA-CAMBRE rotorcraft RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

distribution.

1 -0.0011998
0.71328 -0.035408
0.47838 -0.046379
0.36522 -0.046379
0.35269 -0.046379
0 -0.040256
0 0
0 0.0074661
0.0086214 0.06939
0.28817 0.06939
0.48732 0.06939
0.79355 0.033185
1 0.0011998

H9SSe3CXLUevRhG
points.
316
Profile: nl722343 Table 1248: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: NLR NLR-7223-43 transonic rotorcraft airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 0
0.77706 0.0062079
0.67706 -0.03187
0.41301 -0.03187
0.37202 -0.03187
0 -0.02965
0 0
0 0.053896
0.23628 0.05444
0.34826 0.05444
0.67031 0.05444
0.84089 0.027202
1 0

-VWgX7GasOgrJoA

points.
317
Profile: nl722362 Table 1252: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: NLR NLR-7223-62 transonic rotorcraft airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 0
0.88029 -0.02326
0.5221 -0.03115
0.41307 -0.03115
0.3984 -0.03115
0 -0.030635
0 0
0 0.05516
0.24855 0.05516
0.34814 0.05516
0.67301 0.05516
0.77948 0.033791
1 0

SWgY-CaMNqvWeA

points.
318
Profile: nlf0115 Table 1256: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: NASA/Langley/Somers-Selig-Maughmer NLF(1)- RMS curvature error: 33.75 33.29 %
0115 natural laminar flow airfoil CD error 0.3 0.4 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.75528 -0.0084425
0.6518 -0.057395
0.4554 -0.057395
0.32468 -0.057395
0 -0.038946
0 0
0 0.041739
0.12485 0.092617
0.39306 0.092617
0.45629 0.092617
0.62154 0.092617
1 0

srZHnqSsXY sSpA
points.
319
Profile: nlf0215f Table 1260: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: NASA/Langley/Somers NLF(1)-0215F natural lam- RMS curvature error: 83.27 85.45 %
inar flow airfoil CD error -1.2 -0.9 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.79213 0.043049
0.76216 -0.03554
0.36468 -0.03554
0.18881 -0.03554
0 -0.02883
0 0
0 0.051945
0.19408 0.11428
0.37702 0.11428
0.63381 0.11428
0.97523 0.013397
1 0

sfYawzfXnPI3T A
points.
320
Profile: nlf414f Table 1264: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: NASA/Langley/Viken NLF(1)-0414F natural lami- RMS curvature error: 32.35 32.6 %
nar flow airfoil CD error 0.4 0 dcts

distribution.

1 -0.0001959
0.78989 0.0092035
0.75815 -0.047222
0.43634 -0.047222
0.31279 -0.047222
0 -0.037871
0 0
0 0.060678
0.29671 0.094774
0.46586 0.094774
0.78212 0.094774
0.79793 0.020352
1 0.0001959

oXelnySckU63EmB
points.
321
Information: NASA/Langley-DFVLR/Somers(NASA)- RMS curvature error: 44.22 47.35 %
Horstmann(DFVLR) NLF(2)-0415 natural laminar flow airfoil CD error -2 -2.2 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.75675 0.0131
0.61358 -0.061689
0.41452 -0.061689
0.29218 -0.061689
0 -0.029989
0 0
0 0.048456
0.33081 0.090943
0.54381 0.090943
0.7545 0.090943
0.80245 0.059835
1 0

hZiemfTbWaznPvA
points.
322
Information: NASA/Langley/Somers NLF(1)-0416 natural lami- RMS curvature error: 73.69 74.11 %
nar flow airfoil CD error 1.2 1.1 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.78616 0.035917
0.68616 -0.05529
0.32326 -0.05529
0.094475 -0.05529
0 -0.023355
0 0
0 0.039263
0.11865 0.10425
0.30422 0.10425
0.51774 0.10425
0.9624 0.018039
1 0

YmTUrbsVhYLrS7A
points.
323
Profile: nlr1t Table 1276: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Bell/NASA/NLR NLR-1T rotorcraft airfoil RMS curvature error: 55.41 54.28 %

1 -0.00104
0.9383 -0.018992
0.57494 -0.0315
0.42528 -0.0315
0.35892 -0.0315
0 -0.02926
0 0
0 0.023285
0.055352 0.05565
0.34064 0.05565
0.67233 0.05565
0.77233 0.037281
1 0.00104

b1WgY6KbRNrlcaF

points.
324
Profile: nlr7301 Table 1280: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: NLR NLR-7301 transonic airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 -0.00055
0.79286 0.020759
0.64939 -0.07763
0.35 -0.07763
0 -0.07763
0 -0.020802
0 0
0 0.056104
0.05206 0.08764
0.4 0.08764
0.68089 0.08764
0.81933 0.037363
1 0.00055

o3aekR WsgjlGtD

points.
325
Profile: nn7mk20 Table 1284: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: NN7 MK20 airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 0
0.72401 0.024085
0.62774 -0.05546
0.33928 -0.05546
0.16526 -0.05546
0 -0.028156
0 0
0 0.040404
0.16134 0.11346
0.37059 0.11346
0.56114 0.11346
0.66114 0.084196
1 0

XjYTvggWcYwuKuA

points.
326
Profile: npl9510 Table 1288: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: NPL 9510 transonic airfoil RMS curvature error: 48.95 48.42 %
Cm error -4 -1 mcts

1 -0.00244
0.73348 0.024635
0.57483 -0.065054
0.27984 -0.065054
0.20658 -0.065054
0 -0.051026
0 0
0 0.011961
0 0.049099
0.48012 0.049099
0.6658 0.049099
0.80353 0.043352
1 0.00244

Q fXVxRSac3nHtM

points.
327
Information: NPL 9615 rotorcraft airfoil RMS curvature error: 51.2 50.84 %
Cm error 8 3 mcts

1 -0.00013
1 -0.00013
0.63625 -0.04771
0.36355 -0.04771
0.32719 -0.04771
0 -0.042462
0 0
0 0.028404
0.085033 0.065716
0.3184 0.065716
0.59744 0.065716
1 0.00013
1 0.00013

cuUac4GXbUAAAPB

points.
328
Information: NPL 9626 rotorcraft airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error -1 -2 mcts

1 -0.0012599
0.75266 -0.032945
0.48878 -0.053062
0.30808 -0.053062
0.22626 -0.053062
0 -0.043571
0 0
0 0.057848
0.25732 0.06759
0.3094 0.06759
0.3631 0.06759
0.611 0.0593
1 0.0012599

2LUFs0RURX3mSgG

points.
329
Information: NPL 9627 rotorcraft airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error -4 -6 mcts

1 -0.0012598
0.65579 -0.043816
0.36836 -0.052212
0.26346 -0.052212
0.18099 -0.052212
0 -0.039493
0 0
0 0.045456
0.13946 0.069542
0.30977 0.069542
0.53732 0.069542
0.90989 0.015687
1 0.0012598

piUVevURJWO0ShG

points.
330
Profile: nplx Table 1304: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: NPL transonic airfoil FROM ARC CP 1372 RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 13 12 mcts

1 0
0.77882 0.0056167
0.57301 -0.051442
0.35756 -0.051442
0.30811 -0.051442
0 -0.038687
0 0
0 0.044734
0.1912 0.055213
0.35864 0.055213
0.51597 0.055213
0.73507 0.049747
1 0

zeXQYvJXVW5gKpA

points.
331
Profile: oa206 Table 1308: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: ONERA/Aerospatiale OA206 rotorcraft airfoil (Con- RMS curvature error: 42.73 42.59 %
structed from patent and smoothed) CD error 0.2 0 dcts

distribution.

1 -0.001674
0.83879 -0.0052087
0.79943 -0.023693
0.44001 -0.023693
0.039601 -0.023693
0 -0.010456
0 0
0 0.012686
0.056885 0.037853
0.24446 0.037853
0.69029 0.037853
0.85405 0.0013933
1 0.001674

VwQlQc5coKeyBfI
points.
332
structed from patent and smoothed) CD error -0.3 -0.7 dcts

distribution.

1 -0.0025115
0.83199 -0.0047087
0.79796 -0.033423
0.44002 -0.033423
0.38692 -0.033423
0 -0.032317
0 0
0 0.016048
0.03328 0.059058
0.24444 0.059058
0.72723 0.059058
0.81053 0.0070305
1 0.0025115

R2QoZ9IcoOr0CgN
points.
333
structed from patent and smoothed) CD error -3.4 -2.7 dcts

distribution.
Boat-Tail Angle: 1.7822e-007 deg

1 -0.002108
0.89414 -0.0049016
0.76733 -0.031136
0.47515 -0.031136
0.0047515 -0.031136
0 -0.012532
0 0
0 0
0.0029952 0.095712
0.29952 0.095712
0.69293 0.095712
0.80739 -0.0029751
1 0.002108

A-Tjoa-ejNnsAsL
points.
334
Profile: oaf095 Table 1320: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: ONERA/Aerospatiale OAF095 Fenestron airfoil RMS curvature error: 32.83 32.26 %

1 -0.0025765
0.61932 0.046193
0.30199 -0.030125
0.11482 -0.030125
0.037205 -0.030125
0 -0.015954
0 0
0 0.036366
0.16321 0.078445
0.40612 0.078445
0.64763 0.078445
0.93962 0.010312
1 0.0025765

elaaghqHONLiArN

points.
335
Cm error 25 35 mcts

1 -0.005009
0.66813 0.0368
0.3237 -0.032889
0.15773 -0.032889
0.089905 -0.032889
0 -0.025324
0 0
0 0.033365
0.18584 0.080126
0.4063 0.080126
0.62196 0.080126
0.88843 0.019065
1 0.005009

biaXhwcKNOTfArZ

points.
336
Cm error 14 32 mcts

1 -0.0049865
0.69412 0.012205
0.38668 -0.04254
0.15773 -0.04254
0.092283 -0.04254
0 -0.031347
0 0
0 0.035818
0.09809 0.074198
0.28711 0.074198
0.49019 0.074198
0.82554 0.017073
1 0.0049865

fpSSgubKRSWgBlZ
Figure 1000: Error distribution of drag- and pitching

moment, as well as the error of top and bottom transition
points.
337
Information: ONERA/Aerospatiale OAF128 Fenestron airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 4 -5 mcts

1 -0.0053265
0.80765 0.0029457
0.38823 -0.055889
0.23211 -0.055889
0.075283 -0.055889
0 -0.034266
0 0
0 0.037566
0.090977 0.072383
0.25909 0.072383
0.4737 0.072383
0.798 0.014013
1 0.0053265

gpRTfmqPNYZUAjb

points.
338
Cm error -5 0 mcts

1 -0.0048785
0.781 -0.01952
0.46844 -0.078572
0.25912 -0.078572
0.079346 -0.078572
0 -0.033086
0 0
0 0.044815
0.11336 0.058967
0.20611 0.058967
0.38924 0.058967
0.74009 -0.0037439
1 0.0048785

wsNPZbrRShbaCbZ

points.
339
Profile: p51droot Table 1340: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: P-51D root (BL17.5) airfoil RMS curvature error: 98.15 97.52 %

1 0
0.7767 -0.0084893
0.55823 -0.070449
0.38874 -0.070449
0.18305 -0.070449
0 -0.04621
0 0
0 0.05311
0.19558 0.094701
0.38874 0.094701
0.54652 0.094701
0.9112 0.016342
1 0

jgZRnphZSeNgOmA

points.
340
Profile: p51dtip Table 1344: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: P-51D tip (BL215) airfoil RMS curvature error: 63.05 68.53 %

1 0
0.79008 0.00081617
0.7024 -0.044088
0.46264 -0.044088
0.32252 -0.044088
0 -0.032426
0 0
0 0.034715
0.27545 0.070094
0.46264 0.070094
0.68779 0.070094
0.78779 0.014838
1 0

gaebeuTesTrsEjA

points.
341
Profile: p51hroot Table 1348: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: NACA 66,2-(1.8)15.5 A=.6 P-51H root airfoil RMS curvature error: 62.06 61.16 %

1 0
0.79014 -0.01804
0.73595 -0.064225
0.4502 -0.064225
0.25873 -0.064225
0 -0.039118
0 0
0 0.046687
0.24806 0.090757
0.4498 0.090757
0.73266 0.090757
0.7939 0.028323
1 0

gssgmmbsgbwyOiA

points.
342
Profile: p51htip Table 1352: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: NACA 66,2-(1.8)12 A=.6 P-51H tip airfoil RMS curvature error: 57.64 58.29 %

1 0
0.79007 -0.012418
0.74539 -0.046726
0.45015 -0.046726
0.28905 -0.046726
0 -0.032466
0 0
0 0.039148
0.2611 0.073258
0.44985 0.073258
0.73477 0.073258
0.79095 0.023117
1 0

hbsgfrXshUx0LiA

points.
343
Profile: pfcm Table 1356: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: PROPFAN CRUISE MISSILE WING AIRFOIL RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error -9 -5 mcts

1 -0.001305
0.66656 -0.0094058
0.56656 -0.028492
0.35 -0.028492
0.2938 -0.028492
0 -0.025081
0 0
0 0.028265
0.23082 0.053748
0.4 0.053748
0.63699 0.053748
0.88799 0.015297
1 0.001305

hbaZX3KWVMUwKkH

points.
344
Profile: psu-90-125wl Table 1360: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: PSU-90-125WL sailplane winglet airfoil RMS curvature error: 30.51 31.68 %
Cm error 8 33 mcts

1 0
0.81979 0.0047629
0.56199 -0.040816
0.2927 -0.040816
0.1542 -0.040816
0 -0.031429
0 0
0 0.023743
0.1001 0.085523
0.35057 0.085523
0.52543 0.085523
0.63668 0.076685
1 0

StWRjweTYR4aMqA

points.
345
Profile: psu94097 Table 1364: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Penn. State University Airfoil for gliders RMS curvature error: 38.72 36.25 %
Cm error -1 36 mcts

1 -0.00164
0.82122 0.018911
0.37663 -0.015025
0.10986 -0.015025
0.028608 -0.015025
0 -0.0064197
0 0
0 0.03083
0.12385 0.087843
0.36893 0.087843
0.58429 0.087843
0.6843 0.064667
1 0.00164

WqYWkbuHTGwSFtI

points.
346
Profile: pt40 Table 1368: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Great Plane PT-40 trainer airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 -0.001352
0.18547 -0.034942
0.05465 -0.040442
0.05465 -0.040442
0.031807 -0.040442
0 -0.035589
0 0
0 0.064981
0.15022 0.085735
0.3421 0.085735
0.59706 0.085735
0.95898 0.013772
1 0.001352

wjWZk3bDARJ2VrH

points.
347
Profile: r140 Table 1372: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: R140 Quickee 500 airfoil (original) RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 0
0.61035 -0.053654
0.45231 -0.05572
0.3931 -0.05572
0.20449 -0.05572
0 -0.024779
0 0
0 0.01584
0.12964 0.06456
0.42261 0.06456
0.42862 0.06456
0.5771 0.063884
1 0

QrbBccfZGY-9SgA

points.
348
Profile: r140sm Table 1376: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: R140 Quickee 500 airfoil (smoothed) RMS curvature error: 89.6 93.27 %
Reference: UIUC CD error NaN -4.6 dcts

1 0
0.60144 -0.055272
0.44257 -0.05583
0.3931 -0.05583
0.20151 -0.05583
0 -0.024257
0 0
0 0.021165
0.17133 0.06458
0.39304 0.06458
0.58245 0.06458
0.9143 0.011702
1 0

VjZUccfZFYN-SgA

points.
349
Information: Roncz 1080 Voyager inner aft wing airfoil RMS curvature error: 29.94 31.69 %
Cm error 42 42 mcts

1 0
0.80208 -0.0050766
0.7585 -0.056995
0.41999 -0.056995
0.21882 -0.056995
0 -0.039643
0 0
0 0.049675
0.17257 0.12299
0.39998 0.12299
0.5709 0.12299
0.63692 0.08398
1 0

ajaSzsfbkY1zQoA

points.
350
Information: Roncz 1082 Voyager root outer aft wing airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 0
0.80138 -0.0021209
0.77296 -0.0562
0.39999 -0.0562
0.246 -0.0562
0 -0.043895
0 0
0 0.042769
0.15774 0.12381
0.39993 0.12381
0.49833 0.12381
0.59363 0.10587
1 0

WmaK0xZanY23RqA

points.
351
Profile: r1082t Table 1388: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Roncz 1082T Voyager tip outer aft wing airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 49 39 mcts

1 0
0.80139 -0.0019133
0.77257 -0.050012
0.39998 -0.050012
0.25662 -0.050012
0 -0.040202
0 0
0 0.037662
0.15726 0.10995
0.39992 0.10995
0.49867 0.10995
0.59396 0.09392
1 0

WmaLuyXanV23PpA

points.
352
Profile: rae69ck Table 1392: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: RAE6-9CK transonic airfoil RMS curvature error: 10.12 11.51 %

1 0
0.80858 0.010741
0.565 -0.059236
0.35486 -0.059236
0.21653 -0.059236
0 -0.03499
0 0
0 0.03528
0.2327 0.062779
0.42663 0.062779
0.50173 0.062779
0.68885 0.062779
1 0

jsbIblZXVZ cJrA

points.
353
Profile: rae100 Table 1396: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: RAE 100 airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 0
0.60736 -0.033295
0.44614 -0.049978
0.26 -0.049978
0.093187 -0.049978
0 -0.026402
0 0
0 0.026402
0.093187 0.049978
0.26 0.049978
0.44614 0.049978
0.60737 0.033294
1 0

hoRQVhoRQVssLgA

points.
354
Upper transition point NaN -1.19 %

1 0
0.63498 -0.03232
0.47054 -0.049969
0.3 -0.049969
0.17213 -0.049969
0 -0.03016
0 0
0 0.03016
0.17213 0.049969
0.3 0.049969
0.47054 0.049969
0.63498 0.03232
1 0

mbTQVmbTQVrrLgA

points.
355
Cm error NaN 0 mcts

1 0
0.68527 -0.029696
0.50371 -0.049997
0.36 -0.049997
0.1609 -0.049997
0 -0.027233
0 0
0 0.027233
0.1609 0.049997
0.36 0.049997
0.50371 0.049997
0.68526 0.029697
1 0

iiXOViiXOVooMgA

points.
356
Information: RAE 103 RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Reference: LiU CD error -0.3 0.1 dcts
Cm error -1 -2 mcts

1 0
0.64836 -0.03662
0.54836 -0.049985
0.4 -0.049985
0.15362 -0.049985
0 -0.024993
0 0
0 0.024993
0.15362 0.049985
0.4 0.049985
0.5478 0.049985
0.64834 0.036594
1 0

gmaQVgmaQVxxNgA

points.
357
Information: RAE 104 RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error -5 -1 mcts

1 0
0.75656 -0.026316
0.6531 -0.05
0.42 -0.05
0.18569 -0.05
0 -0.027323
0 0
0 0.027323
0.18569 0.05
0.42 0.05
0.65309 0.05
0.75654 0.026317
1 0

ijbaVijbaVssOgA

points.
358
Information: RAE 2822 transonic airfoil RMS curvature error: 10.12 11.51 %

1 0
0.80858 0.010741
0.565 -0.059236
0.35486 -0.059236
0.21653 -0.059236
0 -0.03499
0 0
0 0.035281
0.2327 0.062779
0.42663 0.062779
0.50171 0.062779
0.68885 0.062779
1 0

jsbIblZXVZ cJrA

points.
359
Information: RAE(NPL) 5212 transonic airfoil RMS curvature error: 29.36 29.55 %

1 0
0.69816 0.0027609
0.58628 -0.04715
0.35486 -0.04715
0.28744 -0.04715
0 -0.041964
0 0
0 0.066033
0.29815 0.07261
0.40245 0.07261
0.6698 0.07261
0.92638 0.017356
1 0

5Rasf4MXXUPuOqA

points.
360
Information: RAE(NPL) 5213 transonic airfoil RMS curvature error: 28.95 28.95 %

1 0
0.71097 0.0099907
0.61097 -0.03915
0.30866 -0.03915
0.21992 -0.03915
0 -0.035163
0 0
0 0.020262
0.0098981 0.06061
0.35486 0.06061
0.51873 0.06061
0.67925 0.04786
1 0

V9XQa4SUcRyvHoA

points.
361

1 0
0.71097 0.0099907
0.61097 -0.03915
0.30866 -0.03915
0.2261 -0.03915
0 -0.035554
0 0
0 0.028297
0.030088 0.05778
0.35486 0.05778
0.58763 0.05778
0.74801 0.037198
1 0

f6XXZ5RUcRovHoA

points.
362
Cm error -5 -2 mcts

1 -0.0019
0.71453 0.0087119
0.61453 -0.039736
0.30859 -0.039736
0.24984 -0.039736
0 -0.037244
0 0
0 0.035673
0.05466 0.057025
0.40256 0.057025
0.61863 0.057025
0.75932 0.038129
1 0.0019

n2aXY7MUcRpuHoK

points.
363
Profile: raf6 Table 1436: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: RAF-6 airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 20 21 mcts
Lower nose radius: 1.1761e-005 %C

1 -0.0015
0.78999 -0.0022561
0.02502 -0.00501
0.02502 -0.00501
0.01299 -0.00501
0 -3.1915e-005
0 0
0 0.0049028
0.013033 0.09578
0.29966 0.09578
0.43164 0.09578
0.73524 0.09578
1 0.0015

D8TMoAfCAC OWvI

points.
364

1 0
1 0
0.43445 -0.02403
0.20083 -0.02403
0.20083 -0.02403
0 -0.023069
0 0
0 0.014015
0.10186 0.04163
0.39856 0.04163
0.59975 0.04163
0.92843 0.0092443
1 0

WvaVS8ANTKOALjA

points.
365
Information: RAF-27 airfoil RMS curvature error: 24.79 26.94 %
Cm error -7 -4 mcts

1 0
0.574 -0.0488
0.37779 -0.0488
0.3 -0.0488
0.11345 -0.0488
0 -0.022882
0 0
0 0.022882
0.11345 0.0488
0.3 0.0488
0.37779 0.0488
0.574 0.0488
1 0

enTHVenTHV PgA

points.
366
Cm error 35 40 mcts

1 0
0.99822 -0.00064621
0.47702 -0.032
0.2 -0.032
0.2 -0.032
0 -0.03104
0 0
0 0.0071298
0.04188 0.0672
0.4 0.0672
0.59812 0.0672
0.99598 -0.0014629
1 0

H4aVs9ANWOBBAAA

points.
367

1 0
0.53084 -0.059418
0.46667 -0.0632
0.3 -0.0632
0.14162 -0.0632
0 -0.035361
0 0
0 0.035361
0.14162 0.0632
0.3 0.0632
0.46667 0.0632
0.53084 0.059418
1 0

jhTPbjhTPb77QgA

points.
368
Profile: raf30md Table 1456: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: RAF-30 MOD airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error -3 -1 mcts

1 0
0.57055 -0.033054
0.47055 -0.038
0.3 -0.038
0.14925 -0.038
0 -0.021984
0 0
0 0.021984
0.14925 0.038
0.3 0.038
0.47055 0.038
0.57055 0.033054
1 0

kgTQQkgTQQ33KgA

points.
369

1 0
0.66551 -0.017497
0.45819 -0.04715
0.25 -0.04715
0.17287 -0.04715
0 -0.040213
0 0
0 0.018028
0.06594 0.08124
0.4 0.08124
0.45176 0.08124
0.62137 0.080436
1 0

O0aGi2UQSU-nRmA

points.
370
Cm error -5 1 mcts

1 0
0.60968 0.024545
0.422 -0.0279
0.1 -0.0279
0.074093 -0.0279
0 -0.021582
0 0
0 0.044469
0.17963 0.11
0.4 0.11
0.45776 0.11
0.67351 0.11
1 0

aiaGuxRGXM qRxA

points.
371
Profile: raf32md Table 1468: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: RAF-32 MOD airfoil RMS curvature error: 24.21 25.79 %

1 0
0.66871 0.020063
0.33232 -0.02284
0.15 -0.02284
0.10872 -0.02284
0 -0.022612
0 0
0 0.035363
0.17957 0.08816
0.4 0.08816
0.60382 0.08816
0.81314 0.050018
1 0

aiaWl-SKOKjgNuA

points.
372
Cm error 9 2 mcts

1 0
0.88563 -0.02047
0.5706 -0.0432
0.4 -0.0432
0.2099 -0.0432
0 -0.0432
0 0
0 0.032733
0.126 0.0832
0.3 0.0832
0.54252 0.0832
0.65286 0.041251
1 0

ZkTWi eaSSweTsA

points.
373
Cm error 17 31 mcts

1 0
0.6993 -0.02424
0.39781 -0.039
0.3 -0.039
0.19574 -0.039
0 -0.039
0 0
0 0.047569
0.19266 0.0875
0.3 0.0875
0.56617 0.0875
0.62322 0.064694
1 0

iXTYk WTJR3nQjA

points.
374

1 0
0.56389 -0.045342
0.31967 -0.0458
0.2 -0.0458
0.063048 -0.0458
0 -0.022356
0 0
0 0.05328
0.16222 0.104
0.3 0.104
0.55179 0.104
0.64735 0.067619
1 0

gsTXrfrNKUx-TjA

points.
375
Cm error 25 29 mcts

1 0
0.83061 -0.022083
0.50387 -0.08771
0.3 -0.08771
0.014053 -0.08771
0 -0.013961
0 0
0 0.05199
0.12697 0.11869
0.3 0.11869
0.53427 0.11869
0.63427 0.089403
1 0

ckTVyK8TTkxWYkA

points.
376
Cm error 34 45 mcts

1 0
0.67115 -0.0614
0.47735 -0.11063
0.3 -0.11063
0.01793 -0.11063
0 -0.020817
0 0
0 0.07675
0.15674 0.13937
0.3 0.13937
0.55556 0.13937
0.64396 0.097452
1 0

ifTX6M7TQuynsjA

points.
377
Profile: rc08b3 Table 1492: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: NASA/Langley RC-08(B)3 rotorcraft airfoil RMS curvature error: 25.22 25.16 %

1 -0.0009
0.98225 -0.0015268
0.87881 -0.029572
0.45403 -0.029572
0 -0.029572
0 -0.010046
0 0
0 0.021671
0.10325 0.050719
0.37842 0.050719
0.65896 0.050719
0.88513 0.012297
1 0.0009

buYsWW sxNWJJiF

points.
378

1 -0.001
0.94707 -0.011437
0.84707 -0.033993
0.49145 -0.033993
0 -0.033993
0 -0.0127
0 0
0 0.028921
0.10161 0.066418
0.37738 0.066418
0.65792 0.066418
0.89098 0.012897
1 0.001

cuYscY fsPUWTcF

points.
379
Profile: rc10n1 Table 1500: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: NASA/Langley RC-10(N)1 rotorcraft airfoil RMS curvature error: 48.87 48.72 %

1 -0.000795
0.90197 -0.017019
0.53669 -0.036214
0.424 -0.036214
0.38584 -0.036214
0 -0.027394
0 0
0 0.029888
0.14901 0.064374
0.35041 0.064374
0.61397 0.064374
0.71854 0.019081
1 0.000795

ekWabvGbNPusPbE

points.
380

1 -0.00125
0.91833 -0.022408
0.81687 -0.039037
0.53209 -0.039037
0.036552 -0.039037
0 -0.024
0 0
0 0.022757
0.07486 0.081942
0.38005 0.081942
0.65477 0.081942
0.88857 0.01412
1 0.00125

SyYcim7hmRVjYZG

points.
381
Profile: rc12n1 Table 1508: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: NASA/Langley RC-12(N)1 rotorcraft airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 -0.00094995
0.91741 -0.017075
0.54273 -0.047139
0.42391 -0.047139
0.35686 -0.047139
0 -0.036707
0 0
0 0.029785
0.13095 0.073344
0.3756 0.073344
0.59463 0.073344
0.74319 0.021242
1 0.00094995

apYWfxKbNUoWRbF

points.
382
Profile: rc0864c Table 1512: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: NASA/Langley 08-64C rotorcraft airfoil RMS curvature error: 35.42 35.59 %
Cm error 6 16 mcts

1 -0.0008
0.76562 -0.02625
0.56533 -0.03019
0.4638 -0.03019
0 -0.03019
0 -0.009954
0 0
0 0.016508
0.076004 0.04986
0.40002 0.04986
0.46596 0.04986
0.68881 0.046065
1 0.0008

VzaHVV eMN62QhE

points.
383
Profile: rcsc2 Table 1516: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: NASA/Langley RC-SC2 rotorcraft airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 -0.00105
0.73563 -0.03742
0.51488 -0.045367
0.34995 -0.045367
0 -0.045367
0 -0.01613
0 0
0 0.017078
0.010462 0.05458
0.40006 0.05458
0.58752 0.05458
0.8055 0.042546
1 0.00105

U9aUXX WQTx0WjF

points.
384
Profile: rg8 Table 1520: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Rolf Girsberger RG 8 airfoil RMS curvature error: 53.33 53.01 %
Cm error 17 15 mcts

1 0
0.7722 0.016009
0.5939 -0.03538
0.24185 -0.03538
0.2225 -0.03538
0 -0.035026
0 0
0 0.016123
0.068123 0.07359
0.3576 0.07359
0.60368 0.07359
0.91185 0.02735
1 0

OzXZf-FPePYjPwA

points.
385
Cm error 1 -3 mcts

1 0
0.8238 0.0024101
0.70714 -0.03266
0.30876 -0.03266
0.24613 -0.03266
0 -0.032333
0 0
0 0.010934
0.049471 0.06013
0.34419 0.06013
0.57284 0.06013
0.89814 0.019551
1 0

M2WWa-NUkOVmLpA

points.
386
Profile: rg12a Table 1528: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Rolf Girsberger RG 12A airfoil RMS curvature error: 50.35 49.49 %
Cm error 16 13 mcts

1 0
0.79623 0.0053504
0.76142 -0.02711
0.29829 -0.02711
0.2168 -0.02711
0 -0.024941
0 0
0 0.022008
0.083538 0.06294
0.34413 0.06294
0.54911 0.06294
0.88604 0.02471
1 0

WvWUb6RTpMZ2MqA

points.
387
Profile: rg12a189 Table 1532: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Rolf Girsberger RG 12A-1.8/9.0 airfoil RMS curvature error: 50.11 49.17 %
Cm error 17 12 mcts

1 0
0.79623 0.0053504
0.76142 -0.02711
0.29829 -0.02711
0.20785 -0.02711
0 -0.024399
0 0
0 0.022008
0.083538 0.06294
0.34413 0.06294
0.54821 0.06294
0.88493 0.024918
1 0

WvWUb5TTpMZ2MqA

points.
388
Cm error -7 1 mcts

1 0
0.9153 0.0029383
0.67299 -0.02705
0.26227 -0.02705
0.20011 -0.02705
0 -0.02678
0 0
0 0.0072011
0.033065 0.058
0.34343 0.058
0.55401 0.058
0.87354 0.021157
1 0

I5WVZ-PRjMXRIoA

points.
389
Information: Rolf Girsberger RG 14A-1.4/7.0 airfoil RMS curvature error: 30.96 31 %
Cm error -4 -7 mcts

1 0
0.90118 0.0022463
0.69471 -0.02133
0.25378 -0.02133
0.016059 -0.02133
0 -0.0047304
0 0
0 0.011012
0.048274 0.04885
0.3434 0.04885
0.55221 0.04885
0.88202 0.016765
1 0

O2WUVO7QlJWVInA

points.
390
Information: Rolf Girsberger RG 15 low Reynolds number airfoil RMS curvature error: 26.31 25.86 %
Cm error 7 19 mcts

1 0
0.80407 0.0069693
0.64077 -0.02785
0.25509 -0.02785
0.20901 -0.02785
0 -0.027571
0 0
0 0.010451
0.047258 0.0619
0.34902 0.0619
0.57529 0.0619
0.89477 0.021192
1 0

L2WWa-MQgMWiKqA

points.
391
Information: Rolf Girsberger RG 15A-1.8/11.0 airfoil RMS curvature error: 41.13 40.06 %
Cm error 11 16 mcts

1 0
0.78539 0.0031836
0.64592 -0.03763
0.2601 -0.03763
0.0079648 -0.03763
0 -0.0036474
0 0
0 0.01756
0.053489 0.07262
0.34897 0.07262
0.57928 0.07262
0.90768 0.020323
1 0

P1WXfG9RgQSmNqA

points.
392
Information: Rolf Girsberger RG 15A 2.5/13.0 airfoil RMS curvature error: 28.69 29.31 %
Cm error 6 19 mcts

1 0
0.80146 0.0089577
0.64178 -0.04096
0.26081 -0.04096
0.13479 -0.04096
0 -0.03031
0 0
0 0.031614
0.08081 0.08956
0.34877 0.08956
0.57402 0.08956
0.89577 0.029982
1 0

XwWWlufRgRViPuA

points.
393
Information: Rolf Girsberger RG 14 (9 RMS curvature error: 30.52 31.36 %
Cm error 0 18 mcts

1 0
0.91164 0.0024913
0.67338 -0.02965
0.26227 -0.02965
0.033435 -0.02965
0 -0.011221
0 0
0 0.031926
0.13504 0.06057
0.30998 0.06057
0.61454 0.06057
0.93499 0.010698
1 0

hjUcaY3RjNLRJoA

points.
394
Information: Rolf Girsberger RG 14 (10 RMS curvature error: 30.57 31.02 %
Cm error 2 7 mcts

1 0
0.90529 0.0015651
0.67372 -0.03461
0.26227 -0.03461
0.2191 -0.03461
0 -0.034264
0 0
0 0.034317
0.13106 0.06557
0.30998 0.06557
0.57331 0.06557
0.85094 0.025522
1 0

gkUYc-LRjPZTKoA

points.
395
Information: Rolf Girsberger RG 14 (9.5 RMS curvature error: 30.63 30.99 %
Cm error 1 11 mcts

1 0
0.90839 0.0020434
0.67364 -0.03213
0.26227 -0.03213
0.21334 -0.03213
0 -0.031809
0 0
0 0.033128
0.133 0.06307
0.30998 0.06307
0.59191 0.06307
0.88823 0.018705
1 0

hkUab-MRjOTSJoA

points.
396
Profile: rhodesg30 Table 1568: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Rhode St. Genese 30 airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error -2 1 mcts

1 0
0.98741 -0.00028858
0.10055 -0.021684
0.10055 -0.021684
0.001224 -0.021684
0 -0.00096352
0 0
0 0.029063
0.10927 0.080507
0.29815 0.080507
0.57054 0.080507
0.76732 0.042071
1 0

XoTZhD-GAJiBNmA

points.
397

1 0
0.9874 -0.00034262
0.10082 -0.026359
0.10082 -0.026359
0.034804 -0.026359
0 -0.01976
0 0
0 0.034259
0.10407 0.098448
0.29724 0.098448
0.56837 0.098448
0.76427 0.052099
1 0

WpTZpvpGALiBQoA

points.
398

1 0
0.9873 -0.00039624
0.10114 -0.031211
0.10114 -0.031211
0.021518 -0.031211
0 -0.020668
0 0
0 0.04135
0.10536 0.11634
0.29614 0.11634
0.546 0.11634
0.70956 0.07448
1 0

XoTXxpxGANoBSpA

points.
399

1 0
0.79542 -0.0079828
0.1105 -0.035971
0.10152 -0.035971
0.021177 -0.035971
0 -0.022989
0 0
0 0.045097
0.097667 0.13419
0.29487 0.13419
0.63841 0.13419
0.89469 0.023661
1 0

WqTf4oyGBPTPRoA

points.
400
Profile: s3 Table 1584: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Republic S-3 airfoil (P-47 wing airfoil) RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error -7 0 mcts

1 0
0.84226 -0.0061911
0.56466 -0.04
0.35 -0.04
0.19146 -0.04
0 -0.020198
0 0
0 0.001422
0.005 0.0711
0.25 0.0711
0.52224 0.0711
0.79442 0.017748
1 0

B-QXegsWVRcXIhA

points.
401
Profile: S102B Table 1588: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: SOMERS S102 AIRFOIL (BLUNT) RMS curvature error: NaN NaN %

1 -0.002
0.80414 0.021348
0.6176 -0.05776
0.39208 -0.05776
0.25111 -0.05776
0 -0.030386
0 0
0 0.052528
0.16942 0.09215
0.40037 0.09215
0.54766 0.09215
0.64766 0.078496
1 0.002

jkaQmhXZYZ1gGuK

points.
402
Profile: S102S Table 1592: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: SOMERS S102 AIRFOIL(SHARP) RMS curvature error: 35.48 34.85 %

1 0
0.75259 0.014218
0.62475 -0.05776
0.39208 -0.05776
0.25142 -0.05776
0 -0.030427
0 0
0 0.052528
0.16942 0.09215
0.40037 0.09215
0.48401 0.09215
0.61246 0.09215
1 0

jkaJmhXZYZ pLtA

points.
403
Information: Selig S1010 HPV airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 0
0.91258 -0.0031866
0.68346 -0.03011
0.23322 -0.03011
0.16535 -0.03011
0 -0.03011
0 0
0 0.03011
0.16535 0.03011
0.23322 0.03011
0.68346 0.03011
0.91257 0.0031875
1 0

TPlN TPlNSSFgA

points.
404
Information: Selig S1012 HPV airfoil RMS curvature error: 36.27 36.3 %

1 0
0.79825 -0.014315
0.76667 -0.06011
0.37324 -0.06011
0.047931 -0.06011
0 -0.02227
0 0
0 0.02227
0.047931 0.06011
0.37324 0.06011
0.76667 0.06011
0.79825 0.014293
1 0

Y3YnaY3Yna22JgA

points.
405

1 0
0.79561 -0.016857
0.76425 -0.08254
0.42222 -0.08254
0.17825 -0.08254
0 -0.049141
0 0
0 0.049141
0.17825 0.08254
0.42222 0.08254
0.76425 0.08254
0.79094 0.01719
1 0

lkblilkbli42LgA

points.
406

1 0
0.80552 -0.018431
0.76658 -0.08742
0.41848 -0.08742
0.025064 -0.08742
0 -0.017716
0 0
0 0.017716
0.025064 0.08742
0.41848 0.08742
0.76658 0.08742
0.80552 0.018366
1 0

N7blkN7blk00MgA

points.
407
Information: Selig S1020 ornithopter airfoil RMS curvature error: 30.58 30.37 %

1 0
0.79341 0.029335
0.47781 -0.03458
0.20942 -0.03458
0.16811 -0.03458
0 -0.032569
0 0
0 0.033514
0.14539 0.12164
0.38291 0.12164
0.68521 0.12164
0.96209 0.018414
1 0

SnZfz7NNWPKZU6A

points.
408
Information: Selig S1046 airfoil RMS curvature error: 87.77 90.06 %

1 0
0.79195 -0.02042
0.49908 -0.08495
0.30811 -0.08495
0.031648 -0.08495
0 -0.0097135
0 0
0 0.0097135
0.031648 0.08495
0.30811 0.08495
0.49908 0.08495
0.79196 0.02042
1 0

H4USjH4USjbbNgA

points.
409
Information: Selig S1048 airfoil RMS curvature error: 60.22 48.81 %
Cm error 7 8 mcts

1 0
0.67056 -0.032381
0.5133 -0.06985
0.26988 -0.06985
0.095136 -0.06985
0 -0.022333
0 0
0 0.022333
0.095136 0.06985
0.26988 0.06985
0.5133 0.06985
0.67056 0.032381
1 0

UoRVeUoRVeqqNgA

points.
410
Information: Selig S2027 low Reynolds number airfoil RMS curvature error: 15.14 16.28 %
Cm error 8 6 mcts

1 0
0.78847 0.0012652
0.53575 -0.04574
0.2935 -0.04574
0.083219 -0.04574
0 -0.02002
0 0
0 0.019664
0.074967 0.09978
0.33747 0.09978
0.57778 0.09978
0.89451 0.0097999
1 0

NxWXqctTWUQsGkA

points.
411
Cm error -4 -9 mcts

1 0
0.72449 0.026685
0.55654 -0.02542
0.15629 -0.02542
0.10801 -0.02542
0 -0.02423
0 0
0 0.021134
0.071202 0.06732
0.35374 0.06732
0.6063 0.06732
0.81898 0.030636
1 0

UyXZs8UKeLsnFrA

points.
412
Cm error 7 -5 mcts

1 0
0.66296 0.0034859
0.61706 -0.025805
0.30224 -0.025805
0.21128 -0.025805
0 -0.025289
0 0
0 0.001616
0.0040213 0.061098
0.40213 0.061098
0.69336 0.061098
0.99853 0.0012159
1 0

C-afa-TTsLB3q A

points.
413
Cm error 11 -3 mcts

1 0
0.80553 0.012258
0.6658 -0.03147
0.25508 -0.03147
0.21682 -0.03147
0 -0.03147
0 0
0 0.031983
0.13471 0.058037
0.29834 0.058037
0.60147 0.058037
0.95638 0.010034
1 0

iiTcZ KQiNLkKsA

points.
414
Trailing Edge Gap: 2e-006 %C

1 -1e-008
0.92367 0.0031927
0.71415 -0.023177
0.3115 -0.023177
0.2133 -0.023177
0 -0.023177
0 0
0 0.018263
0.074251 0.056906
0.34753 0.056906
0.50019 0.056906
0.66556 0.05365
1 1e-008

VxWPY UUkK7RIoA

points.
415
Cm error 0 13 mcts

1 0
0.83753 0.0071291
0.51543 -0.024117
0.16879 -0.024117
0.1536 -0.024117
0 -0.024117
0 0
0 0.023284
0.10193 0.057803
0.34861 0.057803
0.65788 0.057803
0.93536 0.0087118
1 0

asWeZ GLbKMVGnA

points.
416

1 0
0.91755 0.0066959
0.47328 -0.02464
0.21205 -0.02464
0.16752 -0.02464
0 -0.02464
0 0
0 0.022074
0.098006 0.05698
0.34775 0.05698
0.65492 0.05698
0.9305 0.0091141
1 0

ZtWeY NOVLNKDpA

points.
417
Cm error -2 3 mcts

1 -2e-008
0.69699 0.016614
0.27432 -0.016629
0.1118 -0.016629
0.080499 -0.016629
0 -0.016629
0 0
0 0.05065
0.15244 0.090157
0.30311 0.090157
0.60794 0.090157
0.81263 0.023999
1 2e-008

jgTcl SHMHfbFoA

points.
418
Cm error 7 2 mcts

1 0
0.78835 0.021058
0.68835 -0.024507
0.15417 -0.024507
0 -0.024507
0 -0.011847
0 0
0 0.0020941
0.013148 0.076852
0.35119 0.076852
0.6011 0.076852
0.82664 0.029083
1 0

C9WZgf KnKcqErA

points.
419
Cm error 1 -8 mcts

1 0
0.79469 0.0061725
0.40138 -0.02709
0.16118 -0.02709
0 -0.02709
0 -0.0052629
0 0
0 0.021909
0.074076 0.078316
0.29239 0.078316
0.5751 0.078316
0.83773 0.014801
1 0

SvTagM KSMYWElA

points.
420

1 0
0.42619 -0.018319
0.34581 -0.023835
0.17024 -0.023835
0.080712 -0.023835
0 -0.016297
0 0
0 0.0045898
0.019384 0.07237
0.33908 0.07237
0.63034 0.07237
0.88001 0.0071555
1 0

E7WcfrhLOKV3GhA

points.
421
Cm error -10 6 mcts

1 0
0.49891 -0.020406
0.36284 -0.027647
0.2159 -0.027647
0.17488 -0.027647
0 -0.024882
0 0
0 0.0037346
0.007825 0.068466
0.33519 0.068466
0.61869 0.068466
0.89047 0.0048921
1 0

D-Vbs5MOMMSxFgA

points.
422
Information: Selig S3021 low Reynolds number airfoil RMS curvature error: 81.74 Inf %
Cm error 4 2 mcts

1 0
0.43535 -0.013766
0.29106 -0.021679
0.16459 -0.021679
0.0016917 -0.021679
0 -0.0058287
0 0
0 0.0090638
0.04838 0.075678
0.345 0.075678
0.50009 0.075678
0.68546 0.048765
1 0

I2WPgR-LKJoyLlA

points.
423
Trailing Edge Gap: -2e-006 %C

1 1e-008
0.61075 -0.0021098
0.30351 -0.02128
0.1207 -0.02128
0.0049095 -0.02128
0 -0.0077334
0 0
0 0.015403
0.081104 0.082125
0.3522 0.082125
0.67858 0.082125
0.85748 0.017232
1 -1e-008

MwXgiX8INJcjIlA

points.
424
Information: Selig S3025 low Reynolds number airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 13 27 mcts

1 0
0.67463 0.0044581
0.2579 -0.019258
0.11783 -0.019258
0 -0.019258
0 -0.0065489
0 0
0 0.0091223
0.060165 0.08021
0.35354 0.08021
0.40259 0.08021
0.57933 0.08021
1 0

H0XFhW IKI cLoA

points.
425
Cm error 41 23 mcts

1 0
0.78304 0.040188
0.50727 -0.02152
0.17189 -0.02152
0.1148 -0.02152
0 -0.01904
0 0
0 0.031984
0.14654 0.09628
0.3866 0.09628
0.70768 0.09628
0.9757 0.013813
1 0

VnZho4VLaJJcV A

points.
426
Cm error 10 9 mcts

1 0
0.65253 -0.0017855
0.37581 -0.0184
0.16249 -0.0184
0.0032152 -0.0184
0 -0.0051366
0 0
0 0.030054
0.14025 0.07383
0.35444 0.07383
0.44347 0.07383
0.59932 0.07383
1 0

amXJgS-KQI jMnA

points.
427
Cm error 2 -25 mcts

1 0
0.6708 0.015508
0.23407 -0.021836
0.11441 -0.021836
0 -0.021836
0 -0.0093876
0 0
0 0.018953
0.098404 0.083628
0.35295 0.083628
0.63424 0.083628
0.84063 0.018092
1 0

PtXcjc HJJccEnA

points.
428
Information: Selig S4062 low Reynolds number airfoil RMS curvature error: 14 14.14 %

1 0
0.69241 0.019421
0.24319 -0.016362
0.11153 -0.016362
0 -0.016362
0 -1.6362e-006
0 0
0 0.038244
0.1317 0.088774
0.40874 0.088774
0.66587 0.088774
0.88474 0.014496
1 0

cqaclA HJHWaEoA

points.
429
Cm error 42 37 mcts

1 0
0.54701 0.01838
0.20174 -0.012798
0.074192 -0.012798
0.010733 -0.012798
0 -0.0064776
0 0
0 0.015961
0.074141 0.073106
0.28757 0.073106
0.32168 0.073106
0.86843 0.039751
1 0

OuSDfg2FJFijQvA

points.
430
Cm error 3 6 mcts

1 0
0.77313 0.016754
0.28099 -0.0192
0.11599 -0.0192
0.07097 -0.0192
0 -0.0192
0 0
0 0.022678
0.07885 0.07102
0.35714 0.07102
0.50033 0.07102
0.68486 0.060405
1 0

UxXOe ZHMI1UHrA

points.
431

1 0
0.49576 -0.010868
0.38247 -0.0216
0.16075 -0.0216
0.0036394 -0.0216
0 -0.0062744
0 0
0 0.03066
0.13337 0.09057
0.39957 0.09057
0.73259 0.09057
0.8195 0.014467
1 0

WqaimT-KRJqzGiA

points.
432
Cm error 8 20 mcts

1 -1e-008
0.71934 0.02619
0.13768 -0.014949
0.073332 -0.014949
0.047766 -0.014949
0 -0.014949
0 0
0 0.051377
0.14108 0.092578
0.30361 0.092578
0.54699 0.092578
0.86047 0.017108
1 1e-008

jhTWm WFEGUVCpA

points.
433
Cm error 3 13 mcts

1 0
0.7738 0.0042947
0.5448 -0.039211
0.24332 -0.039211
0.20213 -0.039211
0 -0.03625
0 0
0 0.025175
0.12429 0.098834
0.34827 0.098834
0.62639 0.098834
0.82688 0.024875
1 0

QoWbp6LQZRegInA

points.
434
Cm error 9 10 mcts

1 0
0.78995 0.0072029
0.26375 -0.01869
0.11352 -0.01869
0.062287 -0.01869
0 -0.015392
0 0
0 0.020141
0.066161 0.09504
0.35154 0.09504
0.60432 0.09504
0.85918 0.019309
1 0

OzWZo0sHLIXSHnA

points.
435
Cm error 1 -4 mcts

1 0
0.6866 0.026718
0.20854 -0.01348
0.07648 -0.01348
0.0062265 -0.01348
0 -0.005754
0 0
0 0.011219
0.039114 0.09018
0.35549 0.09018
0.57356 0.09018
0.84391 0.022572
1 0

I4XWlb6FJGXZEqA

points.
436
Cm error 10 -5 mcts

1 0
0.9291 -0.0069072
0.50029 -0.026132
0.26993 -0.026132
0.087122 -0.026132
0 -0.0143
0 0
0 0.025698
0.076765 0.072155
0.27559 0.072155
0.54279 0.072155
0.78069 -0.00043076
1 0

XtSYfiqRULfRGbA

points.
437
Cm error 9 7 mcts

1 0
0.89947 -0.009045
0.49142 -0.015473
0.27148 -0.015473
0.007988 -0.015473
0 -0.0077188
0 0
0 0.015366
0.049008 0.068565
0.27805 0.068565
0.52772 0.068565
0.7893 -0.0027979
1 0

O0SWsg9RTHskFbA

points.
438
Cm error 2 9 mcts

1 0
0.87228 0.0014258
0.59518 -0.027182
0.26348 -0.027182
0.16599 -0.027182
0 -0.022018
0 0
0 0.022957
0.097877 0.063392
0.3399 0.063392
0.61111 0.063392
0.88892 0.0076497
1 0

XtWabzYRsMSUEjA

points.
439
Cm error -1 3 mcts

1 0
0.88163 0.0016945
0.56695 -0.02367
0.22036 -0.02367
0.0044071 -0.02367
0 -0.00046603
0 0
0 0.023296
0.10373 0.05642
0.34018 0.05642
0.60883 0.05642
0.90516 0.0052812
1 0

arWaYB-OcKQRDiA

points.
440
Cm error 0 -6 mcts

1 0
0.88565 0.0021488
0.46529 -0.020753
0.22152 -0.020753
0.0022152 -0.020753
0 -0.0014294
0 0
0 0.019397
0.08201 0.049663
0.34018 0.049663
0.60316 0.049663
0.93421 0.0022086
1 0

ZwWaVE-OUJLOBiA

points.
441
Cm error 11 -3 mcts

1 0
0.83098 0.01145
0.56098 -0.025411
0.23128 -0.025411
0.0023128 -0.025411
0 -0.005544
0 0
0 0.011857
0.070747 0.063005
0.31061 0.063005
0.49819 0.063005
0.78854 0.028815
1 0

MwURbO-PbLsZEpA

points.
442
Cm error -2 2 mcts

1 0
0.28385 -0.017763
0.28385 -0.019325
0.15776 -0.019325
0.076097 -0.019325
0 -0.016653
0 0
0 0.02069
0.085997 0.088086
0.35136 0.088086
0.6143 0.088086
0.87239 0.017981
1 0

PvWal2gKKIV LlA

points.
443
Cm error 6 -17 mcts

1 0
0.87663 0.014441
0.39553 -0.019419
0.15514 -0.019419
0.039793 -0.019419
0 -0.011257
0 0
0 0.035249
0.13075 0.074594
0.35855 0.074594
0.71026 0.074594
0.93629 0.0093595
1 0

eoXigkvKSIONCrA

points.
444
Cm error 1 1 mcts

1 0
0.72109 -0.011293
0.4597 -0.034362
0.24983 -0.034362
0.0024983 -0.034362
0 -0.00068723
0 0
0 0.020922
0.059786 0.045547
0.20772 0.045547
0.40621 0.045547
0.61501 0.019549
1 0

stNQTB-QSPogGgA

points.
445
Cm error 3 4 mcts

1 0
0.62706 -0.051421
0.44691 -0.07002
0.29111 -0.07002
0.044575 -0.07002
0 -0.017557
0 0
0 0.017557
0.044575 0.07002
0.29111 0.07002
0.4462 0.07002
0.62641 0.051515
1 0

Q1TOeQ1TOeuuSgA

points.
446

1 0
0.62586 -0.047616
0.52586 -0.061816
0.34207 -0.061816
0.23297 -0.061816
0 -0.045345
0 0
0 0.031473
0.081587 0.09819
0.36842 0.09819
0.57053 0.09819
0.97852 0.0062279
1 0

VxYUpuUWSaEyamA

points.
447

1 0
1 0
0.60907 -0.05584
0.33961 -0.05584
0 -0.05584
0 -0.0050312
0 0
0 0.01662
0.053429 0.10425
0.3685 0.10425
0.48549 0.10425
0.61144 0.08537
1 0

K2YMrG WaYzAFvA

points.
448
Information: Selig S8038 (13 RMS curvature error: 66.37 67.09 %
Cm error 92 91 mcts

1 0
0.68171 -0.038906
0.42834 -0.055051
0.3464 -0.055051
0.053107 -0.055051
0 -0.012197
0 0
0 0.035178
0.084604 0.074993
0.3292 0.074993
0.58627 0.074993
0.99586 -0.00050571
1 0

evVZgO1WIXBsAVA

points.
449
Information: Selig S8052 low Reynolds number airfoil RMS curvature error: 70.85 83 %
Cm error 7 14 mcts

1 0
0.73995 -0.010188
0.63995 -0.043595
0.30894 -0.043595
0.11847 -0.043595
0 -0.023845
0 0
0 0.023208
0.064468 0.075357
0.33346 0.075357
0.62364 0.075357
0.74437 0.028792
1 0

UzVcgimUfTqtKjA

points.
450
Information: Selig S8055 (12 RMS curvature error: 46.94 46.08 %
Cm error 3 3 mcts

1 0
0.80763 -0.0072689
0.65538 -0.040558
0.30571 -0.040558
0 -0.040558
0 -0.0051379
0 0
0 0.0013841
0.0016853 0.079725
0.3745 0.079725
0.67108 0.079725
0.84898 0.016881
1 0

B YehI UgRsjKjA

points.
451
Information: Selig airfoil for Q-500 (Q500) pylon racing (12.33 RMS curvature error: 82.66 84.05 %
Cm error -3 -5 mcts

1 0
0.76587 -0.016856
0.66682 -0.049686
0.35365 -0.049686
0.10362 -0.049686
0 -0.015934
0 0
0 0.040611
0.20087 0.073899
0.41402 0.073899
0.75156 0.073899
0.83866 0.016666
1 0

igakgVsXfVpsLhA

points.
452
Information: Selig airfoil for Q-40 pylon racing (11 RMS curvature error: 40.62 39.91 %

1 0
0.80199 -0.011357
0.62904 -0.043216
0.35366 -0.043216
0.045537 -0.043216
0 -0.0073934
0 0
0 0.036206
0.18037 0.067055
0.41405 0.067055
0.71789 0.067055
0.80877 0.022835
1 0

ijagsL3XbSqhLiA

points.
453
Information: Selig airfoil for Q-40 pylon racing (10 RMS curvature error: 44.05 46.22 %
Cm error 1 -8 mcts

1 0
0.82624 -0.006086
0.62406 -0.040357
0.35408 -0.040357
0.10328 -0.040357
0 -0.017358
0 0
0 0.027583
0.13187 0.059832
0.37677 0.059832
0.70311 0.059832
0.87349 0.011199
1 0

epYhacsXbRbeIiA

points.
454
Information: Selig S9000 (9%) low Reynolds number airfoil used RMS curvature error: 33.73 34.11 %
on the Blackhawk R/C sailplane CD error 0.3 0.2 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.88935 0.012009
0.50656 -0.024895
0.18239 -0.024895
0 -0.024895
0 -0.0032519
0 0
0 0.010796
0.045728 0.066943
0.32691 0.066943
0.60125 0.066943
0.93296 0.013966
1 0

K2VasI MZLNOGuA
points.
455
Information: elig S9026 (9.5%) symmetrical horizontal stab airfoil RMS curvature error: 75.41 79.66 %
used on the Opus R/C sailplane CD error 0.6 0.5 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.86046 -0.0093913
0.50581 -0.0475
0.27273 -0.0475
0.013929 -0.0475
0 -0.0083733
0 0
0 0.0083733
0.013929 0.0475
0.27273 0.0475
0.50581 0.0475
0.86046 0.009392
1 0

L8RVUL8RVUSSJgA
points.
456
Information: Selig S9027 (8%) symmetrical vertical stab airfoil RMS curvature error: 42.73 46.49 %
used on the Opus R/C sailplane CD error 0.3 0.4 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.66932 -0.021813
0.4323 -0.04
0.22885 -0.04
0.21283 -0.04
0 -0.04
0 0
0 0.04
0.21283 0.04
0.22885 0.04
0.4323 0.04
0.66932 0.021813
1 0

EPRR EPRRkkIgA
points.
457
Information: Selig S9032 (9%) symmetrical horizontal stab airfoil RMS curvature error: 98.98 Inf %
used on the Blackhawk R/C sailplane CD error 0.2 -0.1 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.67509 -0.023439
0.44753 -0.045
0.25008 -0.045
0.0098675 -0.045
0 -0.006234
0 0
0 0.006234
0.0098675 0.045
0.25008 0.045
0.44753 0.045
0.67509 0.023439
1 0

J8QRTJ8QRTllJgA
points.
458
Information: Selig S9033 (7.5%) symmetrical vertical stab airfoil RMS curvature error: 48.29 48.63 %
used on the Blackhawk R/C sailplane CD error 0.1 0.1 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.62397 -0.020684
0.39306 -0.03749
0.22847 -0.03749
0.1942 -0.03749
0 -0.03749
0 0
0 0.03749
0.1942 0.03749
0.22847 0.03749
0.39306 0.03749
0.62397 0.020684
1 0

KPOQ KPOQnnHgA
points.
459
Information: Selig / Ashok Gopalarathnam SA7037 RMS curvature error: 30.76 30.98 %
Cm error 10 13 mcts

1 0
0.73396 0.0093416
0.2479 -0.016006
0.11828 -0.016006
0.036322 -0.016006
0 -0.0098608
0 0
0 0.021721
0.080991 0.078922
0.33009 0.078922
0.62958 0.078922
0.88891 0.016106
1 0

SvVshmrIJHTXHnA

points.
460
Profile: sa7035 Table 1824: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Cm error 9 3 mcts
Upper transition point -1.33 -1 %

1 0
0.82387 0.0058523
0.45299 -0.02135
0.19532 -0.02135
0.15988 -0.02135
0 -0.019215
0 0
0 0.028979
0.103 0.071996
0.31204 0.071996
0.64495 0.071996
0.95086 0.0032193
1 0

aqUff5MNUJJVCkA

points.
461
Cm error 7 -4 mcts

1 0
0.82881 0.0077879
0.39586 -0.020032
0.19223 -0.020032
0.10561 -0.020032
0 -0.016226
0 0
0 0.026759
0.095191 0.073927
0.31436 0.073927
0.65338 0.073927
0.94907 0.003863
1 0

XsUggzsMQJJSClA

points.
462

1 0
0.77584 0.012566
0.35767 -0.017988
0.12794 -0.017988
0.071786 -0.017988
0 -0.013756
0 0
0 0.010651
0.034285 0.077647
0.35313 0.077647
0.63505 0.077647
0.93778 0.0091499
1 0

J5XcgwcIRILWGoA

points.
463
Profile: sc1095 Table 1836: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Sikorsky/Balch SC1095 rotorcraft airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 4 8 mcts

1 -0.001729
0.95132 -0.0018036
0.6128 -0.039414
0.26945 -0.039414
0.021191 -0.039414
0 -0.014878
0 0
0 0.012079
0.015802 0.05554
0.26945 0.05554
0.62198 0.05554
0.95374 0.0025491
1 0.001729

O7RfYY6ReRIIBgJ

points.
464
Information: NASA SC(2)-0010 airfoil (NASA TP-2969) RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 5 16 mcts

1 -0.0025
0.69722 -0.032495
0.61271 -0.05
0.41 -0.05
0.00164 -0.05
0 -0.011485
0 0
0 0.046292
0.2912 0.05
0.37 0.05
0.6489 0.05
0.65853 0.034259
1 0.0025

6OYcVP aWV9xMfN

points.
465
Cm error 7 10 mcts

1 -0.003
0.69724 -0.038989
0.61273 -0.06
0.41 -0.06
0 -0.06
0 -0.013201
0 0
0 0.056133
0.29097 0.06
0.37 0.06
0.65149 0.06
0.66178 0.040423
1 0.003

7OYsaO aWa9xPfP

points.
466

1 -0.00094999
0.86219 0.010288
0.66393 -0.0084484
0.33004 -0.0084484
0.25023 -0.0084484
0 -0.0084484
0 0
0 0.010805
0.41289 0.012002
0.43995 0.012002
0.51986 0.012002
0.89238 0.012002
1 0.00094999

5EcJF PVgE aBoF

points.
467
Information: NASA SC(2)-0402 airfoil (NASA TP-2969) RMS position error: 1.299 2.418 ects
Reference: UIUC RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
CD error NaN NaN dcts

distribution.

1 -0.0012
0.86087 0.011695
0.66708 -0.01425
0.30004 -0.01425
0.2644 -0.01425
0 -0.012825
0 0
0 0.014467
0.32453 0.016075
0.42996 0.016075
0.48696 0.016075
0.8395 0.016075
1 0.0012

5QcGH5IThG bAoG

points.
468
Cm error 10 13 mcts

1 -0.001425
0.82281 0.01298
0.68761 -0.019093
0.31006 -0.019093
0.30521 -0.019093
0 -0.019016
0 0
0 0.019693
0.32117 0.021358
0.42994 0.021358
0.78976 0.021358
0.92337 0.0085392
1 0.001425

6QcnJ BUiIXjBnH

points.
469
Cm error 7 -4 mcts

1 -0.00195
0.85726 0.010501
0.64271 -0.028928
0.3301 -0.028928
0.27307 -0.028928
0 -0.027494
0 0
0 0.028554
0.28851 0.031555
0.40989 0.031555
0.56322 0.031555
0.74792 0.025753
1 0.00195

5TaRN8LVeMyaAoK

points.
470

1 -0.00245
0.82244 0.02457
0.71296 -0.049985
0.37996 -0.049985
0.23267 -0.049985
0 -0.043153
0 0
0 0.043255
0.25427 0.049715
0.38004 0.049715
0.54541 0.049715
0.74715 0.043575
1 0.00245

3VYRV2ZYhV3nBuM

points.
471

1 -0.00275
0.81847 0.028176
0.70076 -0.060204
0.36997 -0.060204
0.22899 -0.060204
0 -0.050975
0 0
0 0.048985
0.21419 0.059891
0.38003 0.059891
0.54359 0.059891
0.72809 0.053034
1 0.00275

zcYRa1YYha3mBvO

points.
472
Cm error 20 33 mcts

1 -0.003
0.80914 0.03136
0.69768 -0.070108
0.35998 -0.070108
0.19664 -0.070108
0 -0.055922
0 0
0 0.055904
0.19619 0.070086
0.38002 0.070086
0.54201 0.070086
0.71657 0.062036
1 0.003

yfYReysXhe3nCxP

points.
473
Cm error 14 30 mcts

1 -0.0034499
0.83485 0.039922
0.66006 -0.08805
0.34043 -0.08805
0.18036 -0.08805
0 -0.070297
0 0
0 0.021714
0.0011913 0.09219
0.38956 0.09219
0.50462 0.09219
0.70284 0.081542
1 0.0034499

P ZMmyeWfl3fA3R

points.
474
Cm error 2 -2 mcts

1 -0.0020498
0.8558 0.025532
0.68247 -0.02618
0.28033 -0.02618
0.23756 -0.02618
0 -0.025053
0 0
0 0.034617
0.42266 0.034967
0.46962 0.034967
0.5249 0.034967
0.83771 0.033543
1 0.0020498

-GeHP8KSjL8sAxK

points.
475
Cm error 13 0 mcts

1 -0.0024498
0.81992 0.03685
0.71992 -0.046596
0.35044 -0.046596
0.1747 -0.046596
0 -0.037233
0 0
0 0.051006
0.34308 0.053841
0.41952 0.053841
0.55913 0.053841
0.78296 0.051564
1 0.0024498

8MbPXygWjU8oAzM

points.
476
Cm error -3 -3 mcts

1 -0.0028998
0.81322 0.038873
0.70248 -0.056437
0.35056 -0.056437
0.0010888 -0.056437
0 -0.012616
0 0
0 0.059229
0.31972 0.064133
0.4094 0.064133
0.51482 0.064133
0.74625 0.064133
1 0.0028998

6OaLbO WiY nB0P

points.
477
Upper transition point 15 20.12 %

1 -0.0032997
0.80944 0.040698
0.68623 -0.066432
0.35068 -0.066432
0.0019014 -0.066432
0 -0.016092
0 0
0 0.06558
0.28569 0.074056
0.39929 0.074056
0.52295 0.074056
0.71902 0.074056
1 0.0032997

4SaNgQ Wgc mB1R

points.
478

1 -0.0019497
0.87254 0.032289
0.66052 -0.025029
0.29043 -0.025029
0.17473 -0.025029
0 -0.021476
0 0
0 0.028805
0.30872 0.036698
0.46948 0.036698
0.61829 0.036698
0.88887 0.032027
1 0.0019497

xWeSQ2ZTgL2YA3K

points.
479
Cm error -10 1 mcts

1 -0.0024497
0.82025 0.044157
0.73261 -0.044903
0.32068 -0.044903
0.20253 -0.044903
0 -0.03853
0 0
0 0.051504
0.3507 0.056095
0.45924 0.056095
0.7031 0.056095
0.87027 0.03688
1 0.0024497

6PssY2YVmToqA3M

points.
480
Cm error -3 -1 mcts

1 -0.0029995
0.8119 0.044736
0.7119 -0.05479
0.32084 -0.05479
0.19455 -0.05479
0 -0.04629
0 0
0 0.060775
0.33563 0.066261
0.43907 0.066261
0.56688 0.066261
0.78216 0.061329
1 0.0029995

6PcPc1ZVkX6pB3P

points.
481
Information: NASA SC(2)-0714 AIRFOIL RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 -0.0034996
0.80962 0.051694
0.70962 -0.065204
0.33088 -0.065204
0.20727 -0.065204
0 -0.056746
0 0
0 0.063262
0.25002 0.075214
0.43906 0.075214
0.76409 0.075214
0.93131 0.024054
1 0.0034996

1cckg3YVjcTpB5S

points.
482
Information: NASA SC(2)-1006 airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 -0.0019477
0.8298 0.041447
0.53029 -0.019017
0.17106 -0.019017
0.068746 -0.019017
0 -0.013846
0 0
0 0.025742
0.24609 0.048473
0.49829 0.048473
0.73682 0.048473
0.91347 0.031602
1 0.0019477

hggeVulLcIoXF6K

points.
483
Information: NASA SC(2)-1010 airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 -0.0030465
0.84194 0.044132
0.58147 -0.037401
0.23192 -0.037401
0.0096364 -0.037401
0 -0.011731
0 0
0 0.052155
0.31935 0.068104
0.46741 0.068104
0.53008 0.068104
0.78719 0.06659
1 0.0030465

wUeIsU8PsQ-YA6P

points.
484
Profile: sd2030 Table 1920: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Selig/Donovan SD2030 low Reynolds number airfoil RMS curvature error: 21.64 21.62 %
Cm error 1 -22 mcts

1 0
0.93052 0.0055701
0.66412 -0.022265
0.20896 -0.022265
0.02805 -0.022265
0 -0.011084
0 0
0 0.0093836
0.031596 0.064679
0.40335 0.064679
0.71627 0.064679
0.92896 0.010736
1 0

J6ahcg2NkJQNEqA

points.
485
Cm error 5 -10 mcts

1 0
0.59334 -0.0075816
0.38423 -0.020271
0.16648 -0.020271
0.004824 -0.020271
0 -0.0062042
0 0
0 0.0066725
0.037748 0.072152
0.39907 0.072152
0.67432 0.072152
0.90502 0.0088532
1 0

G5asfU9LRJTpHjA

points.
486
Cm error 4 4 mcts

1 0
0.7698 0.0052319
0.33662 -0.02918
0.16471 -0.02918
0.16471 -0.02918
0 -0.02918
0 0
0 0.0045844
0.006085 0.068598
0.33885 0.068598
0.5937 0.068598
0.88581 0.0074457
1 0

E-WZs ALNMSWDjA

points.
487
Cm error 3 7 mcts

1 0
0.86915 -0.0024136
0.67664 -0.032456
0.31325 -0.032456
0.0023139 -0.032456
0 -0.00087243
0 0
0 0.028569
0.12212 0.07127
0.33857 0.07127
0.6247 0.07127
0.84659 0.013542
1 0

aoWceC UhOaaHiA

points.
488
Cm error 1 7 mcts
Trailing Edge Gap: -2e-006 %C

1 1e-008
0.71232 0.011191
0.23676 -0.018223
0.11736 -0.018223
0.00032275 -0.018223
0 -0.0099875
0 0
0 0.016211
0.091167 0.080694
0.35301 0.080694
0.60951 0.080694
0.83784 0.02059
1 -1e-008

NuXZhi IJIbYGnA

points.
489
Cm error -4 -4 mcts

1 -1e-008
0.86922 0.0060828
0.48151 -0.027542
0.21243 -0.027542
0.072227 -0.027542
0 -0.017352
0 0
0 0.016688
0.033075 0.05792
0.28753 0.05792
0.45505 0.05792
0.77612 0.025304
1 1e-008

S4SPZnpOWMcQEnA

points.
490
Cm error -3 -5 mcts

1 0
0.82136 0.019004
0.37367 -0.01678
0.14938 -0.01678
0.017193 -0.01678
0 -0.00573
0 0
0 0.040059
0.12487 0.086503
0.30946 0.086503
0.65036 0.086503
0.90559 0.014022
1 0

elUgkW4KRHRSDrA

points.
491
Cm error 7 23 mcts

1 -2e-008
0.72442 0.01394
0.30831 -0.017846
0.11236 -0.017846
0.0033758 -0.017846
0 -0.0032195
0 0
0 0.01661
0.034749 0.092277
0.34749 0.092277
0.5886 0.092277
0.89834 0.009507
1 2e-008

M5WYmM9HOIQZDmA

points.
492

1 0
0.83578 0.010656
0.34396 -0.021883
0.15751 -0.021883
0.001445 -0.021883
0 -0.0090765
0 0
0 0.0003832
0.015448 0.073855
0.35074 0.073855
0.66028 0.073855
0.9493 0.0048202
1 0

A8Wfgb-KOJKQCnA

points.
493
Cm error 0 9 mcts

1 -1e-008
0.77942 0.023588
0.36995 -0.016102
0.11294 -0.016102
0.030822 -0.016102
0 -0.0070329
0 0
0 0.04802
0.13993 0.080331
0.35654 0.080331
0.6573 0.080331
0.91892 0.010487
1 1e-008

lmXehcuHTHPWBqA

points.
494
Cm error 0 -4 mcts

1 -2e-008
0.78534 0.013576
0.44689 -0.031005
0.18233 -0.031005
0.12884 -0.031005
0 -0.027556
0 0
0 0.059214
0.11911 0.11079
0.29737 0.11079
0.53802 0.11079
0.77687 0.044487
1 2e-008

hlTWu4TMVNfZJrA

points.
495

1 0
0.81523 0.0059147
0.46901 -0.023881
0.16396 -0.023881
0.10524 -0.023881
0 -0.020714
0 0
0 0.013166
0.04158 0.069293
0.3465 0.069293
0.62862 0.069293
0.92875 0.010186
1 0

M3Wce3XKXKMWHnA

points.
496
Cm error 11 NaN mcts

1 0
0.55521 -0.017732
0.46289 -0.025781
0.21875 -0.025781
0.16064 -0.025781
0 -0.023767
0 0
0 0.019775
0.064453 0.070313
0.34375 0.070313
0.64111 0.070313
0.88785 0.013114
1 0

SzWse6ROULU0KjA

points.
497
Cm error -8 3 mcts

1 0
0.80896 -0.0037322
0.51618 -0.031635
0.20919 -0.031635
0.17572 -0.031635
0 -0.030685
0 0
0 0.027088
0.082784 0.06883
0.29272 0.06883
0.58615 0.06883
0.96567 0.0073892
1 0

ZtTbs9KNZNHZPoA

points.
498
Cm error 9 3 mcts

1 -1e-008
0.81593 0.0027613
0.44914 -0.028824
0.21019 -0.028824
0.13242 -0.028824
0 -0.025942
0 0
0 0.018392
0.04093 0.061128
0.34058 0.061128
0.64861 0.061128
0.94584 0.0035255
1 1e-008

T3Wea5YNTMKVDjA

points.
499
Cm error 7 4 mcts

1 0
0.55213 -0.050005
0.34689 -0.05051
0.27524 -0.05051
0.052695 -0.05051
0 -0.014977
0 0
0 0.015006
0.052792 0.05051
0.27523 0.05051
0.34745 0.05051
0.55206 0.05001
1 0

TzSGWTzSGW–OgA

points.
500

1 0
0.80418 0.0043686
0.45793 -0.026939
0.16022 -0.026939
0 -0.026939
0 -0.0073028
0 0
0 0.0034077
0.0048661 0.074859
0.3429 0.074859
0.55833 0.074859
0.79478 0.033603
1 0

D-WVgR KXLeXJoA

points.
501
Profile: sg6040 Table 1988: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Selig / Giguere SG6040 wind turbine airfoil RMS curvature error: 32.64 30.11 %
Cm error 25 9 mcts

1 0
0.77586 0.010754
0.61991 -0.054508
0.3184 -0.054508
0.084514 -0.054508
0 -0.020508
0 0
0 0.060404
0.19691 0.10562
0.35297 0.10562
0.46968 0.10562
0.66816 0.092948
1 0

kcXMsYuUcX3lOuA

points.
502
Information: Selig / Giguere SG6041 wind turbine airfoil (high RMS curvature error: 51.77 59.33 %
L/D) CD error -1.8 -2.4 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.77972 -0.0025495
0.66663 -0.031378
0.34104 -0.031378
0.040925 -0.031378
0 -0.016476
0 0
0 0.0010624
0.001556 0.068728
0.38506 0.068728
0.67991 0.068728
0.90829 0.016646
1 0

B Zfsh3WgNSpMnA
points.
503
L/D) CD error 1.1 0.8 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.83449 0.018467
0.49639 -0.019871
0.11605 -0.019871
0.00015725 -0.019871
0 -0.010382
0 0
0 0.026168
0.092349 0.085408
0.40575 0.085408
0.69885 0.085408
0.94732 0.015808
1 0

Uwagjg HcIMVMyA
points.
504
L/D) CD error -2.3 -1.5 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.79858 0.046052
0.18205 -0.015493
0.050496 -0.015493
0.001131 -0.015493
0 -0.0089344
0 0
0 0.034398
0.11671 0.10215
0.42517 0.10215
0.67428 0.10215
0.92899 0.031698
1 0

Wtbcrk-DJHUQM9A
points.
505
Information: Selig / Giguere SG6050 wind turbine airfoil RMS curvature error: 68.77 71.41 %
Cm error -7 12 mcts

1 -0.0050025
0.96124 -0.0041449
0.35392 -0.051462
0.24835 -0.051462
0.065306 -0.051462
0 -0.015748
0 0
0 0.041881
0.12628 0.1114
0.38239 0.1114
0.56479 0.1114
0.73633 0.068739
1 0.0050025

YqYTvUuQJWmEOrZ

points.
506
Information: Selig / Giguere SG6051 wind turbine airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error NaN 23 mcts

1 -0.0050022
1 -0.0050022
0.3089 -0.030279
0.29371 -0.030279
0.1893 -0.030279
0 -0.026645
0 0
0 0.038235
0.15746 0.09218
0.42696 0.09218
0.64722 0.09218
0.85929 0.031301
1 0.0050022

bnbZm3XTBNaAPlZ

points.
507
Profile: sm701 Table 2012: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Somers / Maughmer SM701 airfoil RMS curvature error: 23.32 23.73 %
Cm error -5 5 mcts

1 0
0.85244 0.027227
0.5774 -0.048047
0.36764 -0.048047
0.12693 -0.048047
0 -0.024558
0 0
0 0.028582
0.054046 0.11192
0.36282 0.11192
0.44015 0.11192
0.67097 0.11192
1 0

Q1XIvgpYVV WJ3A

points.
508
Profile: sokolov Table 2016: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Sokolov R/C sailplane airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 50 35 mcts

1 -0.0035
0.45788 0.08846
0.15674 -0.0088574
0.024969 -0.0088574
0.010884 -0.0088574
0 -0.005941
0 0
0 0.015365
0.092684 0.094199
0.40033 0.094199
0.49763 0.094199
0.73998 0.067711
1 0.0035

KwaKnqjCJEsoFyS

points.
509
Profile: spicasm Table 2020: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Anderson SPICA R/C sailplane airfoil (smoothed) RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 27 15 mcts

1 0
0.13703 -0.014695
0.04 -0.01632
0.04 -0.01632
0.0098807 -0.01632
0 -0.01089
0 0
0 0.016317
0.052528 0.10583
0.35 0.10583
0.38692 0.10583
0.5285 0.10583
1 0

K1WEsqvDAH 5PpA

points.
510
Profile: ssca07 Table 2024: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Sikorsky/Flemming SSC-A07 transonic rotorcraft RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
airfoil CD error -0.2 0 dcts

distribution.

1 -0.0012484
0.93766 -0.00013018
0.68906 -0.0272
0.41674 -0.0272
0.34965 -0.0272
0 -0.023524
0 0
0 0.016513
0.045419 0.043006
0.33702 0.043006
0.75591 0.043006
0.79314 0.0094446
1 0.0012484

Z2WnS2KbeM1NBiG
points.
511
Profile: ssca09 Table 2028: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Sikorsky/Flemming SSC-A09 transonic rotorcraft RMS curvature error: 74.8 76.21 %

distribution.

1 -0.0016052
0.91901 -0.0016052
0.68906 -0.034972
0.41673 -0.034972
0.34983 -0.034972
0 -0.030256
0 0
0 0.021252
0.045541 0.055294
0.33704 0.055294
0.75593 0.055294
0.87771 0.0016052
1 0.0016052

Z2WnY2KbePgRAgI
points.
512
Profile: stcyr24 Table 2032: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: St. CYR 24 (Bartel 35-IIIC) airfoil RMS curvature error: 50.25 49.3 %
Cm error 18 29 mcts

1 0
0.39319 0.019085
0.15489 -0.023312
0.050613 -0.023312
0.050613 -0.023312
0 -0.023312
0 0
0 0.02475
0.024646 0.1186
0.39709 0.1186
0.61569 0.1186
0.82264 0.054613
1 0

N7ZXy ADHKetRuA

points.
513
Information: St. CYR 172 (Royer) airfoil RMS curvature error: 44.07 44.07 %
Cm error -8 -8 mcts

1 0
0.64306 -0.055541
0.307 -0.0678
0.3 -0.0678
0.24 -0.0678
0 -0.0678
0 0
0 0.067122
0.237 0.0678
0.3 0.0678
0.3 0.0678
0.63876 0.05621
1 0

-NTAs NTBs0zUgA

points.
514
Information: St. CYR 234 (Bartel 17-IC) airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 0
0.40432 -0.0016085
0.31121 -0.052672
0.10359 -0.052672
0.10359 -0.052672
0 -0.048985
0 0
0 0.038651
0.040791 0.12223
0.39298 0.12223
0.46653 0.12223
0.66384 0.12102
1 0

U4ZIz7AHPW-2WvA

points.
515
Profile: strand Table 2044: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Strand high lift airfoil - bad original data. RMS position error: 6.519 6.719 ects

distribution.

1 0
0.69707 0.020348
0.42777 -0.0399
0.1652 -0.0399
0 -0.0399
0 -0.010508
0 0
0 0.044444
0.15248 0.1167
0.2607 0.1167
0.41408 0.1167
0.51015 0.034582
1 0

YbRNxR LUR1hAmA

points.
516
Profile: tempest1 Table 2048: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Hawker Tempest 37.5 RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error -1 -5 mcts

1 0
0.69925 -0.0569
0.45799 -0.062396
0.37607 -0.062396
0.072306 -0.062396
0 -0.021117
0 0
0 0.030049
0.12188 0.082614
0.38328 0.082614
0.49731 0.082614
0.70391 0.069462
1 0

XrZMiWzYIb15bhA

points.
517
Profile: TSAGI R3A Table 2052: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: TSAGI R3A RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 3 -5 mcts

1 -0.0012265
0.94242 -0.0018634
0.53355 -0.028326
0.22892 -0.028326
0.036631 -0.028326
0 -0.022556
0 0
0 0.0086725
0.023077 0.092616
0.23077 0.092616
0.35071 0.092616
0.45071 0.072447
1 0.0012265

G5PKny1PZM1IJlG

points.
518
Profile: tsagi8 Table 2056: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: TSAGI 8 RMS curvature error: 30.95 32.55 %
Cm error 2 NaN mcts

1 0
0.81431 -0.0272
0.49153 -0.0272
0.4 -0.0272
0.15618 -0.0272
0 -0.019745
0 0
0 0.018654
0.13568 0.0531
0.3 0.0531
0.49771 0.0531
0.59771 0.038906
1 0

WiTSXtmaKMy PeA

points.
519
Profile: tsagi12 Table 2060: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: TSAGI 12 RMS curvature error: 29.23 28.74 %
Cm error 45 57 mcts

1 0
0.81391 -0.0407
0.48347 -0.0407
0.4 -0.0407
0.1844 -0.0407
0 -0.032089
0 0
0 0.027535
0.13308 0.0794
0.3 0.0794
0.50276 0.0794
0.62741 0.053899
1 0

WjTThxhaJRv XcA

points.
520
Profile: ua79sf18 Table 2064: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: University of Alberta/Marsden UA 79-SF-187 RMS curvature error: 80.05 78.14 %
FLAPPED sailplane airfoil CD error -4.5 -5.5 dcts

distribution.

1 0
0.80188 0.0059216
0.66874 -0.0584
0.4278 -0.0584
0.11812 -0.0584
0 -0.014646
0 0
0 0.024628
0.12767 0.1299
0.4715 0.1299
0.72855 0.1299
0.77285 0.05384
1 0

Muef2QtbbZ1lNrA
points.
521
Profile: uag8814320 Table 2068: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: UAG 88-143/20 airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 0
0.9792 -0.0011028
0.15754 -0.015182
0.10332 -0.015182
0.063158 -0.015182
0 -0.013664
0 0
0 0.045995
0.17579 0.13337
0.43474 0.13337
0.67663 0.13337
0.77663 0.071293
1 0

Wlcb45ZHEGrFXrA

points.
522
Profile: ui1720 Table 2072: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: University of Illinois UI-1720 high lift airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 76 77 mcts

1 -0.00030687
0.6173 0.02845
0.22487 -0.028794
0.084295 -0.028794
0.063222 -0.028794
0 -0.028794
0 0
0 0.045173
0.1082 0.11474
0.19014 0.11474
0.25982 0.11474
0.93051 0.019913
1 0.00030687

ZcMGw QFKMLgNvC

points.
523
Profile: ultimate Table 2076: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Carl Goldberg R/C Ultimate Bipe airfoil RMS curvature error: 49.51 50.22 %

1 -0.002902
0.95797 -0.017179
0.57578 -0.065099
0.34208 -0.065099
0.10872 -0.065099
0 -0.024091
0 0
0 0.026823
0.13561 0.063373
0.34201 0.063373
0.54011 0.063373
0.98529 0.0079
1 0.002902

bmWTbYrWXcFPpgP

points.
524
Profile: us1000root Table 2080: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Great Planes R/C Ultra-Sport 1000 airfoil RMS curvature error: 50.72 50.72 %
Upper transition point 0 0 %

1 -4.8e-005
0.621 -0.064153
0.43619 -0.093786
0.27132 -0.093786
0.054021 -0.093786
0 -0.010983
0 0
0 0.0013881
0.04417 0.091882
0.27108 0.091882
0.43766 0.091882
0.61866 0.06349
1 4.8e-005

B1RPmHyROnrqVgA

points.
525
Profile: usa22 Table 2084: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: USA 22 RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 -0.0005
0.28967 0.018594
0.19077 -0.01355
0.1002 -0.01355
0.062313 -0.01355
0 -0.013414
0 0
0 0.0034409
0.034487 0.08733
0.29873 0.08733
0.41885 0.08733
0.69277 0.056869
1 0.0005

D4TLk-YGGGp3KpD

points.
526
Information: USA-35 airfoil RMS curvature error: 77.34 95.95 %
Cm error -8 -9 mcts

1 -0.00215
0.55401 -0.0034211
0.22745 -0.03812
0.10157 -0.03812
0.045638 -0.03812
0 -0.03812
0 0
0 0.063674
0.10604 0.15
0.2937 0.15
0.41024 0.15
0.58578 0.15
1 0.00215

boTL iHJQ kWvL

points.
527
Profile: usa35a Table 2092: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: USA-35A airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 -0.00215
0.56756 -0.0029236
0.228 -0.03802
0.10157 -0.03802
0.042659 -0.03802
0 -0.03802
0 0
0 0.061366
0.10331 0.15
0.2937 0.15
0.41024 0.15
0.58663 0.15
1 0.00215

aoTL kHJQ jWvL

points.
528
Profile: usa35b Table 2096: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: USA-35B airfoil RMS curvature error: 52.13 45.88 %
Cm error 0 18 mcts

1 -0.0012495
0.55539 -0.0019498
0.23138 -0.024257
0.10067 -0.024257
0.042412 -0.024257
0 -0.024257
0 0
0 0.045837
0.14219 0.097871
0.29752 0.097871
0.39171 0.097871
0.58306 0.096914
1 0.0012495

egTJp kGJK-kPpG

points.
529
Information: USA-40 airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 17 48 mcts

1 -0.0005
0.72914 0.025602
0.41139 -0.03263
0.14999 -0.03263
0.073716 -0.03263
0 -0.03263
0 0
0 0.03031
0.077307 0.10714
0.30002 0.10714
0.53435 0.10714
0.82644 0.044313
1 0.0005

SvTVt gKUOasKvD

points.
530
Profile: usa40b Table 2104: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: USA-40B airfoil RMS curvature error: 81.18 82.26 %

1 0
0.76677 0.025447
0.38501 -0.0327
0.14998 -0.0327
0.036466 -0.0327
0 -0.025183
0 0
0 0.0063474
0 0.10579
0.30007 0.10579
0.46183 0.10579
0.8414 0.04278
1 0

E TPswvKSOaYKwA

points.
531
Information: USA-41 airfoil RMS curvature error: 60.09 61.34 %

1 0
0.39315 0.044757
0.13955 -0.00948
0.04998 -0.00948
0.007494 -0.00948
0 -0.0081453
0 0
0 0.022886
0.12227 0.07652
0.30012 0.07652
0.37011 0.07652
0.61805 0.07652
1 0

TlTGg21DGE sIsA

points.
532
Information: USA-45M airfoil RMS curvature error: 33.43 33.88 %

1 0
0.63313 -0.02989
0.34766 -0.0312
0.30051 -0.0312
0.15149 -0.0312
0 -0.0312
0 0
0 0.015736
0.045941 0.11416
0.29814 0.11416
0.29814 0.11416
0.49827 0.10964
1 0

J1TAw gTEN88TlA

points.
533
Profile: usa45m Table 2116: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: USA-45M airfoil RMS curvature error: 53.97 53.91 %
Cm error -15 0 mcts

1 0
0.79839 -0.012374
0.57357 -0.0253
0.2 -0.0253
0 -0.0253
0 -0.011432
0 0
0 0.0015241
0.02869 0.0914
0.3 0.0914
0.314 0.0914
0.52018 0.084161
1 0

B5TBms NeL6fPkA

points.
534

1 0
0.77361 0.016352
0.22384 -0.01986
0.10003 -0.01986
0.0012958 -0.01986
0 -0.00082313
0 0
0 0.011232
0.078844 0.05242
0.28993 0.05242
0.41458 0.05242
0.62293 0.04928
1 0

OuTLWD-GJI7TEoA

points.
535
Information: USA 48 RMS curvature error: 86.35 86.05 %

1 0
0.69558 -0.011426
0.52635 -0.048
0.3 -0.048
0.0073467 -0.048
0 -0.0042399
0 0
0 0.013195
0.04 0.1015
0.4 0.1015
0.50495 0.1015
0.84524 0.055152
1 0

I5aLqG9TVUioYtA

points.
536
Cm error 1 -14 mcts

1 -0.00115
0.79682 -0.0093078
0.57323 -0.019705
0.29995 -0.019705
0.0093461 -0.019705
0 -0.007038
0 0
0 0.025027
0.13321 0.052795
0.30012 0.052795
0.56475 0.052795
0.80762 0.022861
1 0.00115

ejTYXX9TZIceKjG

points.
537

1 0
0.91055 -0.0046536
0.33779 -0.0167
0.3 -0.0167
0.042 -0.0167
0 -0.010371
0 0
0 0.026711
0.17121 0.054
0.4 0.054
0.46318 0.054
0.84003 0.03361
1 0

gkaHXn2TDHnSRmA

points.
538

1 0
0.75851 -0.010697
0.50628 -0.021
0.3 -0.021
0.087578 -0.021
0 -0.01806
0 0
0 0.0073183
0.042057 0.0723
0.3 0.0723
0.41611 0.0723
0.74484 0.049027
1 0

G2TLf2sTTJqgPmA

points.
539

1 -0.0045001
0.58129 0.052331
0.25472 -0.037725
0.049831 -0.037725
0.039865 -0.037725
0 -0.037263
0 0
0 0.079851
0.22763 0.1272
0.40058 0.1272
0.57439 0.1272
0.79978 0.069155
1 0.0045001

ncaT1-NDOQhjL0X

points.
540
Profile: usnps4 Table 2144: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Jacobs USNPS4 (smoothed) 17.5 kW wind turbine RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

distribution.

1 -0.003878
0.15369 -0.010194
0.057679 -0.014564
0.038112 -0.014564
0.016779 -0.014564
0 -0.012339
0 0
0 0.0041821
0.019364 0.10978
0.34202 0.10978
0.58825 0.10978
0.88458 0.058547
1 0.003878

C7WYu1jCBGg4szU
points.
541
Profile: v13006 Table 2148: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Boeing-Vertol V13006-.7 rotorcraft airfoil RMS curvature error: 29.67 29.28 %
Cm error -3 6 mcts

1 -0.0006
0.71179 -0.017219
0.47194 -0.021769
0.40094 -0.021769
0 -0.021769
0 -0.0091087
0 0
0 0.016122
0.068748 0.038402
0.25196 0.038402
0.48432 0.038402
0.79329 0.017221
1 0.0006

buQUQb aIJcxJgD

points.
542
Information: Boeing-Vertol V(1.9)3006-1.25 rotorcraft airfoil RMS curvature error: 36.79 36.78 %

1 -0.00055
0.58977 -0.033215
0.38388 -0.033215
0.34941 -0.033215
0.0035308 -0.033215
0 -0.014285
0 0
0 0.0079712
0.0099188 0.057464
0.25101 0.057464
0.348 0.057464
0.50931 0.056956
1 0.00055

J8QIZc-WDO- MhD

points.
543
Information: Boeing-Vertol V23010-1.58 rotorcraft airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 34 46 mcts

1 0
0.66679 -0.024969
0.51551 -0.03709
0.35002 -0.03709
0.32569 -0.03709
0 -0.032639
0 0
0 0.026579
0.068728 0.06622
0.19996 0.06622
0.45218 0.06622
0.6272 0.041995
1 0

apNUc3EWQQrrMhA

points.
544
Profile: vr1 Table 2160: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Boeing-Vertol VR-1 rotorcraft airfoil RMS curvature error: 89.16 77.27 %
Cm error -6 -1 mcts

1 0
0.8711 -0.0079392
0.61061 -0.04045
0.3125 -0.04045
0.16555 -0.04045
0 -0.030038
0 0
0 0.064422
0.33413 0.06947
0.43331 0.06947
0.62017 0.06947
0.90348 0.014727
1 0

6PcVeveUcRQVOjA

points.
545
Information: Boeing-Vertol VR-7 rotorcraft airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 1 9 mcts

1 0
0.56522 -0.021755
0.46522 -0.029
0.37 -0.029
0.27618 -0.029
0 -0.0261
0 0
0 0.047482
0.1526 0.0914
0.33 0.0914
0.4883 0.0914
0.60498 0.064265
1 0

ghVPm5QYKMwzOkA

points.
546
Profile: vr7b Table 2168: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Boeing-Vertol VR-7 rotorcraft airfoil with tab RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 -0.0025
0.88319 -0.00036593
0.58904 -0.029925
0.36993 -0.029925
0.32111 -0.029925
0 -0.028129
0 0
0 0.05209
0.1737 0.090575
0.33023 0.090575
0.56716 0.090575
0.79727 0.015399
1 0.0025

keVXm7IYWNeSDjN

points.
547
Information: Boeing-Vertol VR-8 rotorcraft airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Reference: UIUC CD error 48.8 NaN dcts
Upper transition point -39.58 NaN %

1 0
0.58512 -0.020089
0.48512 -0.028
0.35 -0.028
0.23835 -0.028
0 -0.020615
0 0
0 0.021164
0.12418 0.0535
0.35 0.0535
0.46479 0.0535
0.57006 0.040406
1 0

ZoWLXuUWNMyzJhA

points.
548


1 0
0.63639 -0.017669
0.495 -0.027
0.35 -0.027
0.13778 -0.027
0 -0.013474
0 0
0 0.014496
0.13107 0.0336
0.35 0.0336
0.48659 0.0336
0.62977 0.022191
1 0

cnWNOgmWOMttHgA

points.
549
Profile: vr11x Table 2180: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Boeing-Vertol/NASA/Dadone VR-11X transonic ro- RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
torcraft airfoil CD error -7.3 -12.8 dcts

distribution.

1 -0.0015
0.9671 -0.016126
0.62363 -0.0317
0.39995 -0.0317
0.3594 -0.0317
0 -0.02853
0 0
0 0.036891
0.06369 0.078375
0.35012 0.078375
0.79936 0.078375
0.79936 0.023428
1 0.0015

ezWrg5GaYO fhSI
points.
550
Information: Boeing-Vertol/Dadone VR-12 rotorcraft airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 2 4 mcts

1 -0.0015
0.864 -0.02814
0.49934 -0.0311
0.4 -0.0311
0.0011668 -0.0311
0 -0.0079527
0 0
0 0.023281
0.03376 0.0751
0.3 0.0751
0.6785 0.0751
0.86562 0.011433
1 0.0015

U4TigQ aLNb5RaI

points.
551
Information: Boeing-Vertol/Dadone VR-13 rotorcraft airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 10 13 mcts

1 -0.001342
0.86106 -0.025702
0.496 -0.02782
0.4 -0.02782
0.0011612 -0.02782
0 -0.007113
0 0
0 0.04098
0.105 0.06718
0.3 0.06718
0.67748 0.06718
0.86221 0.010814
1 0.001342

mpTisQ aKMb6QbH

points.
552
Information: Boeing-Vertol/Dadone VR-14 rotorcraft airfoil RMS position error: 3.77 4.163 ects
CD error NaN -9.5 dcts
Cm error NaN 4 mcts

distribution.

1 -0.00113
0.86408 -0.021197
0.51221 -0.023427
0.4 -0.023427
0.0011624 -0.023427
0 -0.0059908
0 0
0 0.03451
0.10577 0.056573
0.3 0.056573
0.6785 0.056573
0.86568 0.0086055
1 0.00113

moTiYQ aMKb5NcG

points.
553
Information: Boeing-Vertol/Dadone VR-15 transonic rotorcraft RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
airfoil CD error -0.1 0.1 dcts

distribution.

1 -0.0011945
0.86372 -0.025263
0.50816 -0.027938
0.4 -0.027938
0.0014012 -0.027938
0 -0.0072355
0 0
0 0.046842
0.21048 0.052047
0.3 0.052047
0.67914 0.052047
0.86474 0.008143
1 0.0011945

5TTiWR aMMb5OaG
points.
554
Profile: wb13535sm Table 2200: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Woody Blanchard WB135/35 R/C sailplane airfoil RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %

1 0
0.45443 -0.0072753
0.35443 -0.04085
0.175 -0.04085
0.042629 -0.04085
0 -0.0072022
0 0
0 0.0059709
0.044588 0.1
0.35 0.1
0.4556 0.1
0.57898 0.1
1 0

E3WKqLvLOR 1QpA

points.
555
Profile: whitcomb Table 2204: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: Whitcomb supercritical profile RMS curvature error: Inf Inf %
Cm error 23 -6 mcts

1 -0.00025
0.79785 0.056514
0.74962 -0.054532
0.35006 -0.054532
0.055578 -0.054532
0 -0.031235
0 0
0 0.031743
0.063498 0.05542
0.39994 0.05542
0.59304 0.05542
0.85884 0.052182
1 0.00025

k1aVYk1WmX7zF8B

points.
556
Profile: ys900 Table 2208: Representation errors CL = 0.3, Re = 6·106
Information: N/A RMS position error: 4.795 5.395 ects
Reference: UIUC RMS curvature error: 44.95 44.18 %

distribution.

1 0
0.79155 -0.04503
0.72256 -0.04503
0.52491 -0.04503
0.20857 -0.04503
0 -0.013091
0 0
0 0.013091
0.20857 0.04503
0.52491 0.04503
0.72432 0.04503
0.79155 0.04503
1 0

TmhbTTmhbT bgA

points.
557
Information: YS915 hydrofoil (Shen / Eppler) RMS curvature error: 48.92 48.26 %

1 0
0.43265 -0.032099
0.33265 -0.038547
0.26367 -0.038547
0.11437 -0.038547
0 -0.013087
0 0
0 0.01688
0.17784 0.058295
0.50977 0.058295
0.74337 0.058295
0.79244 0.041245
1 0

TpgeZWjRGQz1QmA

points.
558
Information: YS930 hydrofoil (Shen / Eppler) RMS curvature error: 48.38 47.44 %
Cm error 43 49 mcts

1 0
0.63875 0.0021781
0.27051 -0.03107
0.15871 -0.03107
0.060701 -0.03107
0 -0.0096937
0 0
0 0.020183
0.17722 0.072467
0.4948 0.072467
0.69485 0.072467
0.79485 0.047457
1 0

SogZfUnKJNqgOqA

points.
559

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Cover art wing profiles are, top to bottom:

Parametric Airfoil Catalog, Part II

Visit our website at www.iei.liu.se

The lengths of the control vectors are limited to prevent

Figure 5: Definition of the top side control vector pa-

Table 4: Base 64 representation:

• Full name, if one is available

• Data source, usually the UIUC [1] database, but

• A geometry plot, showing both a scaled up y-axis

• A geometrical data table containing maximum

The optimization results is evaluated both from a geo-

MATLAB code needed for evaluating the airfoils in the

[2] E. N. Jacobs, K. E. Ward, & R. M. Pinkerton The

[3] P. Marzocca. The NACA airfoil series, Clarkson Uni-

[4] R. Von Mises, Theory of Flight, Dover Publications

[5] B. Kulfan, Universal Parametric Geometry Repre-

Table 5: Geometrical properties

Table 7: Base 64 representation:

Figure 10: Error distribution of drag- and pitching mo-

Table 10: Controlpoints

Table 11: Base 64 representation:

Figure 13: Error distribution of drag- and pitching mo-

Table 14: Controlpoints

Table 15: Base 64 representation:

Figure 16: Error distribution of drag- and pitching mo-

Table 18: Controlpoints

Table 19: Base 64 representation:

Figure 19: Error distribution of drag- and pitching mo-

Table 22: Controlpoints

Table 23: Base 64 representation:

Figure 22: Error distribution of drag- and pitching mo-

Table 26: Controlpoints

Table 27: Base 64 representation:

Figure 25: Error distribution of drag- and pitching mo-

Table 30: Controlpoints

Table 31: Base 64 representation:

Figure 28: Error distribution of drag- and pitching mo-

Table 34: Controlpoints

Table 35: Base 64 representation:

Figure 31: Error distribution of drag- and pitching mo-

Table 38: Controlpoints

Table 39: Base 64 representation:

Figure 34: Error distribution of drag- and pitching mo-

Table 42: Controlpoints

Table 43: Base 64 representation:

Figure 37: Error distribution of drag- and pitching mo-

Table 46: Controlpoints

Table 47: Base 64 representation:

Figure 40: Error distribution of drag- and pitching mo-

Table 50: Controlpoints

Table 51: Base 64 representation:

Figure 43: Error distribution of drag- and pitching mo-

Table 54: Controlpoints

Table 55: Base 64 representation:

Figure 46: Error distribution of drag- and pitching mo-

Table 58: Controlpoints

Table 59: Base 64 representation:

Figure 49: Error distribution of drag- and pitching mo-

Table 62: Controlpoints

Table 63: Base 64 representation:

Figure 52: Error distribution of drag- and pitching mo-

Table 66: Controlpoints

Table 67: Base 64 representation: