New Century Mathematics (Second Edition) 4A

4 Basic Knowledge of Functions

Consolidation Exercise 4A
Level 1
In each of the following function relations, identify the independent variable and the dependent variable.
[Nos. 1–2]
1. The volume V cm3 of a solid metal cube is a function of the length d cm of each side of the cube.

2. The value $C of a diamond is a function of the weight w g of the diamond.

Each of the following diagrams shows a relation between x and y. Determine whether y is a function of
x.
[Nos. 3–6]
3.
x y
2‧ ‧–3
3‧ ‧–1
5‧ ‧2
7‧ ‧6

4.
x y
‧–2
0‧
‧–1
1‧
‧1
‧2

5.
x y
‧–1
3‧ ‧0
5‧ ‧6

6.
x y
–2‧
–1‧ ‧5
4‧
7‧

7. The table shows a relation between x and y.

x –3 2 5 7 11
y 2 0 6 2 –5
(a) How many corresponding values of y are there for each value of x?
(b) Is y a function of x?

© Oxford University Press 2014 4.1 Consolidation Exercise 4A04

Refer to each of the tables below. Is the relation between x and y a function relation? Explain your answers.
[Nos. 8–10]
8. x –4 –1 0 3 7
1 3 7
y 2 0  
2 2 2

9. x –1 0 0 2 5
y 1 2 3 4 5

10. x –3 1 3 5 6
y 9 1 9 25 36

11. In each of the following,

(i) write down the number of corresponding values of y for each value of x,
(ii) hence, determine whether y is a function of x.
(a) y = –2x + 7 (b) y = x2 + 8

(c) y = 3 – 5x2 (d) y =  7 (where x  0)

x
(e) y2 = 3x (where x > 0) (f) y = 2 x (where x > 0)

12. Each of the following graphs shows a relation between x and y. Determine whether y is a function of
x.
(a) (b)
y

x x
O O

(c) (d)
y y

x x
O O

13. It is given that y is a function of x, where y = 6 – x.

(a) Complete the table below.

© Oxford University Press 2014 4.2 Consolidation Exercise 4A04

 x 1 2 3 4 5
y
(b) According to the table in (a), draw the graph of y = 6 – x.
[Unit length for both axes: 10 divisions (1 cm)]

© Oxford University Press 2014 4.3 Consolidation Exercise 4A04

14. The graph shows the function relation between x and y.
y

x
0
–2 –1 1 2
–1

–2

According to the graph,

(a) find the value of y when x = 0,
(b) find the value of y when x = 2,
(c) find the value of x when y = 0.

Level 2
15. It is given that the relation between x and y is y = 4 – 3x.
(a) Complete the table below.
x 1 2 3 4 5
y

(b) According to the table in (a), determine whether y is a function of x.

16. The graph shows the function relation between x and y.

y

x
0
–3 –2 –1 1

(a) Complete the table below.

x –3 –2 –1 0
y

(b) If the function relation between x and y can be represented by the algebraic expression
y = –mx + 3, find the value of m.

© Oxford University Press 2014 4.4 Consolidation Exercise 4A04

17. The graph shows the function relation between x and y.
y

x
0 1 2 3 4
–1

–2

–3

–4

–5

–6

–7

–8

(a) Complete the table below.

x 0 1 2 3 4
y

(b) If the function relation between x and y can be represented by the algebraic
expression
y = –x2 – px – 3, find the value of p.

© Oxford University Press 2014 4.5 Consolidation Exercise 4A04

18. The graph shows the function relation between x and y. If the function relation between x and y can be
represented by the algebraic expression y = ax2 – x – 5, find the value of a.

x
0
–1 1 2 3 4
–1

–2

–3

–4

–5

–6

© Oxford University Press 2014 4.6 Consolidation Exercise 4A04

19. The table below shows the function relation between x and y, where y = kx – 6.
x –4 –2 0 1 3
y 2 –2 –6 –8 –12
(a) Find the value of k.
(b) Using the result of (a), find the value of y when x = 4.
(c) Using the result of (a), find the value of x when y = 11.

20. The table below shows the function relation between x and y, where y = x2 + rx – 4.
x –3 –1 0 1 4
y 11 –1 –4 –5 4
(a) Find the value of r.
(b) Using the result of (a), find the value of y when x = 2.
(c) Using the result of (a), find the values of x when y = 20.

21. The table below shows the number of pages (n) of a document and the corresponding cost
of
copying the document ($C), where C = 3 + kn.
n 1 000 3 000 5 000 7 000 10 000
C 203 603 1 003 1 403 2 003
(a) Find the value of k.
(b) Using the result of (a), find the cost of copying a document with 6 500 pages.
(c) Bella claims that the cost of copying a certain document is exactly $725.5. Do you agree? Explain
your answer.

22. The table below shows the heights above sea level (h km) and the corresponding temperatures
(T C) of some locations on a mountain, where T = a – 6.5h.
h 0.8 1.4 2 2.4 2.8
T 19.8 15.9 12 9.4 6.8
(a) Find the value of a.
(b) Using the result of (a), find the temperature when the height above sea level is 3
km.
(c) When the height above sea level is less than 4 km, is it possible that the corresponding temperature
is exactly 0C? Explain your answer.

23. It is given that the relation between x and y is y = 2x – 3.

(a) (i) Complete the table below.
x –2 –1 2 3 5
y
(ii) From the table above, determine whether y is a function of x.

© Oxford University Press 2014 4.7 Consolidation Exercise 4A04

 (b) (i) According to the table in (a)(i), draw the graph of y = 2x – 3.
[Unit length for both axes: 5 divisions (0.5 cm)]
(ii) Using the graph in (b)(i), read the value of y when x = 1.

© Oxford University Press 2014 4.8 Consolidation Exercise 4A04

24. Peter goes to school by MTR every day and uses his Octopus Card for payment. Suppose after Pe
goes to school for
x days, the remaining stored value on his Octopus Card
y. The
is $ relation between
x and y can be represented by the algebraic expression y = 28 – 3.5x.
(a) (i) According to the given algebraic expression, complete the table below.
x 0 1 3 6
y

(ii) From the table above, determine whether y is a function of x.

(b) (i) According to the table in (a)(i), draw the graph of y = 28 – 3.5x.
[Unit length for x-axis: 10 divisions (1 cm)
Unit length for y-axis: 2 divisions (0.2 cm)]
(ii) U s i n g t h e g r a p h( bi n) ( i, )f i n d t h e n u m b e r o f d a y s t h a t P e t e r g o e s t o s c h o o l s u c h t h a t
remaining stored value on his Octopus Card will become $14.

25. Joanne wants to order x dresses through an online shop and the total fee is $y. The function relation
between x and y can be represented by the algebraic expression y = T + Px, where $T is the
transportation fee and $P is the selling price of each dress. It is given that T and P are constants. The
figure shows the graph of y = T + Px.
y

1 500

1 250

1 000

750

500

250

x
0
5 10 15 20

(a) Using the graph, find the value of T.

(b) Using the graph, find the value of y when x = 10. Hence, find the value of P.
(c) Joanne orders dresses through the online shop and the total fee is $1 850. Using the results of
(a) and (b), find the number of dresses that she ordered.

© Oxford University Press 2014 4.9 Consolidation Exercise 4A04