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  • Abdul Hamid Family Tree - 1

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    Sultan Abdul Hamid II was nicknamed the "Red Sultan" due to the massacres of Armenians during his rule and use of secret police. However, supporters argue these were defamation attempts by enemies, and that citizens called him the "Grand Khaqan" for modernizing the empire and keeping it intact during difficult times. He survived many assassination attempts, notably one in 1905 by Armenian Revolutionary Federation gangs.

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    Sultan Abdul Hamid II was nicknamed the "Red Sultan" due to the massacres of Armenians during his rule and use of secret police. However, supporters argue these were defamation attempts by enemies, and that citizens called him the "Grand Khaqan" for modernizing the empire and keeping it intact during difficult times. He survived many assassination attempts, notably one in 1905 by Armenian Revolutionary Federation gangs.

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    98 views1 page

    Abdul Hamid Family Tree - 1

    Uploaded by

    kashif
    Sultan Abdul Hamid II was nicknamed the "Red Sultan" due to the massacres of Armenians during his rule and use of secret police. However, supporters argue these were defamation attempts by enemies, and that citizens called him the "Grand Khaqan" for modernizing the empire and keeping it intact during difficult times. He survived many assassination attempts, notably one in 1905 by Armenian Revolutionary Federation gangs.

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    of 1

    Abroad, Sultan Abdul Hamid II was nicknamed the Red Sultan because of the massacres of

    Armenians during his rule and the use of the secret police to silence dissent and the Young Turks.[5]
    [6]
     However, according to his supporters they were defamation attempts initiated against the sultan by
    his enemies and opponents,[7][8][9] as his nation and loyal citizens called him the
    Grand Khaqan (Turkish: Ulu Hakan) for his extraordinary efforts in modernising the empire and
    keeping it intact in difficult times.[10][11][12][13] Amongst the many assassination attempts led against him,
    the most famous is the Yıldız assassination attempt of 1905 by the rebellious gangs of the Armenian
    Revolutionary Federation.[14]

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