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 14
2. 15. c. kinds of signs 15
3. 16. 4 kinds of signs 1. Regulatory - if it indicates authority and is official or legal prohibitions
Examples: 16
4. 17. 2. Infrastructural - if it labels things or directs for the maintenance of a building or any
infrastructure Examples: 17
5. 18. 3. Commercial - advertises of promotes a product, an event, or a service in commerce
Examples: 18
6. 19. 4. Transgressive - if it violates (intentionally or accidentally)the conventional semiotics or
is in wrong place Examples: 19
7. 20. What is a graffiti? Graffiti is an unsanctioned urban text (Carrington, 2009; in Mooney &
Evans, 2015). It conveys power and control to the person or group behind the production of
graffiti. It is a way for disempowered people to make a visible mark, to disrupt the landscape
that is increasingly occupied by the increasingly powerful. 20
8. 21. d. online landscapes 21
9. 22. netizen ✘ These are people who go online. The term netizen is an abstraction of the
words internet and citizen. ✘ Netizens are metaphorically considered as the citizens of the
virtual world. 22
10. 23. Examples of online landscapes A. YouTube - is an American video-sharing platform
headquartered in San Bruno, California, USA. 23
24. B. Twitter - is an American microblogging and social networking service on which users post