SPSS Exact Tests 10.
0 ™
Statistically determine if a
new business opportunity
exists, even with a small
sample of data
Win new business
Use small-sample testing
analysis to determine
cause of dissatisfaction
within a small segment of
customers
Increase
customer loyalty
Break down data to the
smallest possible subset
to discover previously
unknown opportunities
Increase
cross-selling
Use Exact Tests to
accurately assess fraud,
even in cases which
fraud is rare
Detect fraud
Reach correct conclusions with small samples
and rare occurrences in large databases
With SPSS Exact Tests, you get correct
™
p-values – regardless of your data structure.
To determine if a relationship between variables exists,
researchers often first look at p-values in crosstabs and
nonparametric tests. Traditional methods for computing
them are fine if your data meet the underlying assumptions.
If you have a small number of cases, variables with a high
percentage of responses in one category, or have to subset
your data into fine breakdowns, then traditional tests
could be incorrect. SPSS Exact Tests eliminates the risk.
If you perform data mining or database marketing
analysis for direct marketing analysis, survey research,
medical research, biostatistics, social science research,
market research or conduct any type of experiment,
SPSS Exact Tests will work for you.
Use small samples credibly
With instances where a large sample size is impossible
or costly, SPSS Exact Tests enables you to use small
samples and still feel confident about the results. With
the money you save using smaller sample sizes, you can
conduct surveys or test direct marketing programs more
often. Stay ahead of your competition with more resources
to find new opportunities through larger research studies.
Get more value from your data
With SPSS Exact Tests, you can slice and dice your data
into breakdowns which can be as fine as you want, so you
learn more by extending your analysis to subgroups. You
aren’t limited by required expected counts of five or
more per cell for correct results.
With SPSS Exact Tests, you can analyze small data
sets and still get correct results! In the table above,
even though there are only 10 cases, you can still
determine that a significant relationship exists.
Keep your original categories
Don’t lose valuable information by collapsing categories
to meet the assumptions of traditional tests. With SPSS
Exact Tests, you can keep your original design or natural
categories – for example, regions, income or age groups
– and analyze what you intended to analyze.
Take the worry out of trusting traditional tests
There is no firm answer as to when traditional tests are
reliable. Even if you have a large data set, certain situa-
tions still call for exact tests. SPSS Exact Tests are so easy
to run, you can calculate them anytime with just a click of
a button – during your original analysis or when you rerun
it. You can rely on SPSS Exact Tests – even when you’re
searching for rare occurrences within large datasets.
Easily interpret and apply exact tests
With SPSS Exact Tests, there is no steep learning curve
because you don’t need to learn any new statistical theory
or procedures. You simply interpret the exact tests results
the same way you already interpret the result in SPSS.
Choose the right tool for the job
You’ll always have the right statistical test for your data
situation. More than 30 exact tests cover the entire spec-
trum of nonparametric and categorical data problems
for small or large datasets. They include one-sample,
two-sample and K-sample tests on independent or related
samples, goodness-of-fit tests, tests of independence in
RxC contingency tables and on measures of association.
®
 SPSS Exact Tests features*

The following tests and statistics are available SPSS products

with SPSS Exact Tests. SPSS Base includes the
asymptotic versions of these tests. All results are Marginal homogeneity test
produced as SPSS pivot tables/report cubes. allCLEAR ™
SPSS Conjoint ™

■ Asymptotic, exact, Monte Carlo 1-tailed and two

Amos ™
SPSS Data Entry ™

2-tailed p-values, and point probability AnswerTree ®

SPSS Exact Tests ™

Tests and statistics 2-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test Clementine ®

SPSS Maps ™

■ Exact 2-tailed p-value, and the point probability

Pearson Chi-square test Clementine Solution ®
SPSS Missing
■ Monte Carlo 2-tailed p-values and CIs
■ Exact 1-tailed, 2-tailed p-values for 2x2 table Publisher Value Analysis ™

Mann-Whitney U or Wilcoxon Rank-sum W test DecisionTime ™

SPSS Regression Models ™

■ Exact 2-tailed p-values for general RxC table ■ Exact 2-tailed p-value and exact 1-tailed p-value, and
■ Monte Carlo 2-tailed p-value and confidence DeltaGraph ®
SPSS Tables ™

the point probability GOLDMineR ®

SPSS Trends ™
interval for general RxC table ■ Monte Carlo 1-tailed and 2-tailed p-value and CIs
Likelihood ratio test NewView ®
Surveys with Confidence ™

Wald-Wolfowitz Runs test Neural Connection ®

Teleform ®

■ Exact 1-tailed, 2-tailed p-values for 2x2 table ■ Exact 1-tailed p-value and point probability
■ Exact 2-tailed p-values for general RxC table SamplePower ™
TextSmart ™

■ Monte Carlo 1-tailed p-value and its CI

■ Monte Carlo 2-tailed p-value and CI for general SmartViewer ™
Trial Run ™

Cochran’s Q test SPSS Advanced Models ™

WesVar ®

RxC table ■ Exact 2-tailed p-value, and the point probability

Fisher’s Exact test SPSS Base
®
Complex Samples ™

■ Monte Carlo 2-tailed p-values and CIs

■ Exact 1-tailed, 2-tailed p-values for 2x2 table SPSS Categories ®
WhatIf? ™

Friedman test
■ Exact 2-tailed p-values for general rxc table ■ Exact 2-tailed p-value, and the point probability
■ Monte Carlo 2-tailed p-value and CI for general ■ Monte Carlo 2-tailed p-values and CIs How to order
RxC table Kendall’s coefficient of concordance
Linear-by-linear association test ■ Exact 2-tailed p-value, and the point probability To place an order or to get more information, contact your
■ Exact 1-tailed and 2-tailed p-values and the exact ■ Monte Carlo 2-tailed p-values and CIs nearest SPSS office or visit our World Wide Web site
point probability Kruskal-Wallis test at www.spss.com
■ Monte Carlo 1-tailed and 2-tailed p-values and CIs ■ Exact 2-tailed p-value, and the point probability
Contingency coefficient ■ Monte Carlo 2-tailed p-values and CIs
SPSS Inc. +1.312.651.3000
■ Exact 2-tailed p-value Toll-free +1.800.543.2185
Median test
■ Monte Carlo 2-tailed p-value and CI ■ Exact 2-tailed p-value, and the point probability
SPSS Argentina +5411.4814.5030
Phi ■ Monte Carlo 2-tailed p-values and CIs
SPSS Asia Pacific +65.245.9110
■ Exact 2-tailed p-value
Jonckheere-Terpstra test SPSS Australasia +61.2.9954.5660
■ Monte Carlo 2-tailed p-value and CI ■ Asymptotic, exact, Monte Carlo 1-tailed and 2-tailed
Toll-free +1800.024.836
Cramer’s V p-values, and the point probability SPSS Basingstoke +01256.355899
■ Exact 2-tailed p-value SPSS Belgium +32.162.389.82
1-Sample Chi-square test
■ Monte Carlo 2-tailed p-value and CI ■ Exact 2-tailed p-value, and the point probability SPSS Benelux +31.183.636711
Goodman and Kruskal Tau ■ Monte Carlo 2-tailed p-values and CIs SPSS Brasil +55.11.5505.3644
■ Exact 2-tailed p-value
1-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test SPSS Czech Republic +420.2.24813839
■ Monte Carlo 2-tailed p-value and CI ■ Exact 2-tailed p-value, and the point probability SPSS Danmark +45.45.46.02.00
Uncertainty coefficient - symmetric ■ Monte Carlo 2-tailed p-values and CIs SPSS Federal Systems (U.S.) +1.703.527.6777
or asymmetric 1-Sample Wald-Wolfowitz Runs test Toll-free +1.800.860.5762
■ Exact 2-tailed p-value ■ Exact 2-tailed p-value, and the point probability SPSS Finland +358.9.524.801
■ Monte Carlo 2-tailed p-value and CI ■ Monte Carlo 2-tailed p-values and CIs
SPSS France +01.55.35.27.00
Kappa Binomial test SPSS Germany +49.89.4890740
■ Exact 2-tailed p-value ■ Both exact 1-tailed and 2-tailed p-values, and the
■ Monte Carlo 2-tailed p-value and CI
SPSS Hellas +30.1.72.51.925
point probability SPSS Hispanoportuguesa +34.91.447.37.00
Gamma
■ Exact 2-tailed p-value SPSS Hong Kong +852.2.811.9662
■ Monte Carlo 2-tailed p-value and CI SPSS India +91.80.225.0260
System requirements
Kendall’s Tau-b and Tau-c SPSS Ireland +353.1.496.9007
■ Exact 2-tailed p-value SPSS Israel +972.9.9526700
SPSS Exact Tests requires SPSS Base 10.0; 3.3MB hard drive
■ Monte Carlo 2-tailed p-value and CI SPSS Italia +39.51.252573
space. Other system requirements vary according to
Somer’s D - symmetric and asymmetric platform. SPSS Japan +81.3.5466.5511
■ Exact 2-tailed p-value
SPSS Kenya +254.2.577.262
■ Monte Carlo 2-tailed p-value and CI
SPSS Korea +82.2.3446.7651
Pearson’s R SPSS Latin America +1.312.651.3539
■ Exact 2-tailed p-value

■ Monte Carlo 2-tailed p-value and CI

What the experts say SPSS Malaysia +60.3.773.6477
SPSS Mexico +52.5.682.87.68
Spearman correlation “Advanced users should consider Exact Tests
■ Exact 2-tailed p-value
SPSS Norway +47.22.54.00.79
■ Monte Carlo 2-tailed p-value and CI
… for squeezing the most out of surveys and SPSS Polska +48.12.6369680
McNemar test market tests.” SPSS Russia +.7.095.125.0069
■ Exact 1-tailed and 2-tailed p-value and the SPSS Schweiz +41.1.266.90.30
– PC World
point probability February 1999 SPSS Singapore +65.324.5150
Sign test SPSS South Africa +27.11.807.3189
■ Exact 1-tailed and 2-tailed p-value and the SPSS Sweden +46.8.506.105.50
“The ability to perform exact statistical
point probability calculations for nonparametric tests frees SPSS Taiwan +886.2.25771100
■ Monte Carlo 1-tailed and 2-tailed p-values
one from the nagging worries of the quality SPSS Thailand +66.2.260.7070
and CIs SPSS UK +44.1483.719200
Wilcoxon signed-rank test of asymptotic approximations.”
In addition to these offices, SPSS has a worldwide network of distributors.
■ Exact 1-tailed and 2-tailed p-value and the
– Professor Charles E. McCulloch Contact the SPSS office nearest you for assistance.
point probability Associate Professor of Biological Printed in the U.S.A. SETSPC-0799W
■ Monte Carlo 1-tailed and 2-tailed p-values

and CIs Statistics Biometrics Unit

Cornell University

* Features subject to change based on final product release.