1760 The_Three_Distinct_Knocks_(ENG_Fr) 1760 REAA

1804 Les Rituels REAA 1 à 30

1845 Carlile-Manual-of-Freemasonry
1871 Manual de la masoneria cassard

HASTA AQUÍ EL LUGAR Y LA FUNCION DE LOS DIACONOS

Expert. In Lodges of the French Rite there are two officers called First and Second Experts,
whose duty it is to assist the Master of Ceremonies in the initiation of a candidate. In lodges
of Perfection of the Scottish Rite, there are similar officers who are known as the Senior
and Junior Expert.

In a Lodge of the French Rite, the officers

are still more numerous. They are Le Venerable
or Worshipful Master, Premier and
Second Surveillants or Senior and Junior
Wardens, Orator, Treasurer, Secretary, Hospitaler
or Collector of Alms, the Expert, combining
the duties of the Senior Deacon and an
examining committee, Master of Ceremonies,
Architecte, who attends to the decoration of
the Lodge, and superintends the financial
department, Archiviste or Librarian, Keeper
of the Seal, Master of the Banquets or Steward,
and Guardian of the Temple or Tiler .
The officers in a Lodge of the Ancient and
Accepted Scottish Rite are a Master, two
Wardens, Orator, Treasurer, Secretary, Almoner,
Expert, Assistant Expert, Master of
Ceremonies, Almoner Steward, Tiler, and
sometimes a few others as Pursuivant, and
Keeper of the Seals .

Deacon. In every Symbolic Lodge, there

are two officers who are called the Senior and
Junior Deacons . In America the former is
appointed by the Master and the latter by
the Senior Warden ; in England both are appointed
by the Master . It is to the Deacons
that the introduction of visitors should be
properly entrusted. Their duties comprehend,
also, a general surveillance over the security
of the Lodge, and they are the proxies of the
officers by whom they are appointed . Hence
their jewel, in allusion to the necessity of circumspection
and justice is a square and compasses
. In the center, the Senior Deacon
wears a sun, and the Junior Deacon a moon,
which serve to distinguish their respective
ranks. In the English system, the jewel of
the Deacons is a dove, in allusion to the dove
sent forth by Noah . In the Rite of Mizraim
the Deacons are called acolytes .
The office of Deacons in Masonry appears
to have been derived from the usages of the
primitive church . In the Greek church, theDeacons were always the rvxwpol, pylori or
doorkeepers, and in the Apostolical Constitutions
the Deacon was ordered to stand at the
men's door, and the Subdeacon at the women's,
to see that none came in or went out during
the oblation .
In the earliest rituals of the last century,
there is no mention of Deacons, and the
duties of those officers were discharged partly
by the Junior Warden and partly by the
Senior and Junior Entered Apprentices, and
they were not generally adopted in England
until the Union of 1813.

Dove. In ancient symbolism, the dove

represented purity and innocence ; in ecclesiology,
it is a symbol of the Holy Spirit. In
Masonry, the dove is only viewed in reference
to its use by Noah as a messenger . Hence,
in the Grand Lodge of England, doves are
the jewels of the Deacons, because these
officers are the messengers of the Masters and
Wardens. They are not so used in America .
In an honorary or side degree formerly conferred
in America, and called the "Ark and
Dove," that bird is a prominent symbol

Jewels, Official . Jewels are the names applied

to the emblems worn by the officers of
Masonic bodies as distinctive badges of their
offices . For the purpose of reference, the
jewels worn in Symbolic Lodges, in Chapters,
Councils, and Encampments are here appended.
1 . In Symbolic Lodges .
W. . Master wears a square .
Senior Warden " a level .
Junior Warden " a plumb .
Treasurer cross keys .
Secretary " cross pens .
Senior Deacon " square and compass,
sun in the center .
Junior Deacon " square and compass,
moon in the center .
Steward
" a cornucopia .
Tiler
" cross swords .
The jewels are of silver in a subordinate
Lodge and of gold in a Grand Lodge . In
English Lodges, the jewel of the Deacon is a
dove and olive branch .