5 the tallest d;, e v war iors yo ep, uy, at ny dinosor i! a Fil thei ae Spey iIinosaur Quiz Cards dinosaur hay ay wirichn Usborne ® Dinosaur * Quiz Cards |; How much do you know about the incredible inhabitants of the prehistoric world? Open the box to find out, and make some new and surprising discoveries too! 978-1-4095-3; £5.99 (inc. VAT) CAD$11.95 www.usborne.com JFMAMJJASON /11 02703/1LF a aa aa acct > Zee ) VLMa aoe Lei eee Dinosaurs were: a) reptiles b) amphibians c) mammals ORD only during the Jurassic period? All animals with a name ending in ‘saurus’ are dinosaurs. we True or false? 4) How many different types of dinosaurs have been identified and named so far? a) around 70 b) over 700 c) over 7,000» Did all dinosaurs live on land? } For roughly how many million years did dinosaurs exist? a) 16 b) 65 c) 165 > When did the first dinosaur appear on the planet? a) around 2 million years ago b) around 25 million years ago c) around 250 million years ago The word ‘dinosaur’ means: a) loud lizard b) terrible lizard c) giant lizard@) Ty rannoSaurus A Tyrannosaurus was a fierce predator that lived around 85 to 65 million years ago. It was one of the largest meat-eating dinosaurs that ever lived. Tyrannosaurus fossils have only ever been found in: a) Asia b) Europe c) North America ) Some scientists think Tyrannosauruses left rotting meat stuck between their teeth, that might have infected their prey with dangerous bacteria when they bit them. _ True or false? S--2--7 Was a Tyrannosaurus tall enough to peer into the top window of a double-decker bus? ) A Tyrannosaurus was as heavy as a: a) car b) bus c) plane> A Tyrannosaurus’ powerful mouth could bite off and hold a chunk of meat the weight of a rhino. True or false? 6} Roughly how many teeth did a Tyrannosaurus have? a) 16 b) 60 c) 160 } Tyrannosauruses may have hunted in packs. True or false? } The name Tyrannosaurus rex means: a) giant royal lizard b) prince of the meat-eaters c) tyrant lizard king AN3) Sauropods Sauropods were a group of large plant-eaters with bulky bodies, small heads and long necks and tails. The biggest and the least intelligent dinosaurs belonged to the sauropod family. The heaviest sauropod brain weighed around the same as: a) an apple a ( a b) a grapefruit H i c) amelon A Evropasaurus was a sauropod that was only the size of a bull. True or false? 3} Did scientists once think that sauropods lived under water? Standing on the ground, this Sauroposeidon could have peered into the os top window of a: a) three-floor building b) six-floor building c) nine-floor buildingSauropods may have walked on four legs but run on two legs. True or false? ~ This is a Mamenchisaurus. It was so huge that it had to eat at least 100,000 ~~~. calories a day to survive. ) For around how many million years were sauropods on the Earth? a) 70 b) 140 <) 210 True or false? o@ ; Which of these is the name of a real sauropod whose fossils were found near a famous river? a) Gangesaurus b) Nilesaurus ¢) AmazonsaurusA Diplodocus was a huge, plant-eating sauropod that lived between 155 and 145 million years ago. It had a small head, and a long neck and tail. aL A Diplodocus’ brain was the size of a person’s: a) toe b) fist c) head 2A Diplodocus’ neck was as long as a: a) New York taxi cab b) Venetian gondola c) London bus (3) A Diplodocus’ tail was the length of two: a) jetskis ae b) rowing boats we c) ocean liners 4 Did a Diplodocus feed from evergreen or deciduous trees?} A Diplodocus ate by: a) raking its teeth along branches b) sucking leaves from branches c) pulling leaves from branches with its tongue v (6% The amount of dung that y a Diplodocus produced : in one day could probably fill a car. True or false? Diplodocus fossils have only ever been found in: a) North America b) Asia c) Europe 8: Is it more likely that Diplodocuses lived in herds or alone?Ceratopsians @ Ceratopsians were a group of plant-eating dinosaurs that walked on four legs. They all had big heads his dinosaur is an Einiosaurus. It used its downward-curving horn to: Sg a) pick up food Soe b) scratch itself c) defend itself Were ceratopsians’ neck frills made of bone or muscle? Which of these types of dinosaurs would not have eaten Protoceratops, an ancestor of Triceratops? a) dromaeosaurs _b) stegosaurs _c) tyrannosaurs Was Triceratops the biggest ceratopsian?|} These little dinosaurs are Archaeoceratopses, one of the smallest types of ceratopsians. They were only twice the size of a: a) hamster b)cat c) i i ' 1 t ' \ \ \ (6: Were male ceratopsians’ frills and horns usually larger or smaller than females’? All ceratopsians were born with similar-shaped a heads, and they only developed their distinctive 7 horns and frills as they grew older. True or false? One type of ceratopsian had bony, snake-like growths around o3 its neck frill. Was this dinosaur called Medusaceratops or Sirenceratops? = g6) Triceratops A Triceratops was a plant-eating, rhinoceros-like ceratopsian with three horns on its face and a bony frill around its neck. It lived between 72 and 65 million years ago. In which kind of environment did Triceratops live? a) wetlands b) rainforests c) deserts Could a Triceratops charge at predators, like rhinos do? Could a Triceratops chew through a tree trunk? A Triceratops could have up to how many teeth in its mouth at any one time? a) 400 b) 800 c) 1,0005» A Triceratops is most likely to have used its neck frill for which two of these purposes? a) to reflect sunlight into predators’ eyes b) to control its body temperature c) to attract mates )) The horns above a Triceratops’ eyes were as long as: a) skateboards b) golf clubs c) surfboards > A Triceratops could weigh as much as a: a) car b) truck c) tank > Was a Triceratops two, four or six times larger than a rhino?® Stegosaurs Stegosaurs were a group of plant-eating dinosaurs that were closely related to ceratopsians. They had double rows of plates and spikes along their backs and sharp spikes on the ends of their tails. This long-necked stegosaur, called Miragaia, had at least 50 bony plates along its neck and back. True or false? ‘ Stegosaurs’ teeth were shaped like: a) leaves b) pegs q c) daggers run quickly? > Did stegosaurs use their back plates to defend themselves from attack?} Were a stegosaur’s plates attached to its bones or oe stuck in its skin? i What is a thagomizer? = a) a stegosaur’s back plate b) the arrangement of spikes on a stegosaur’s tail — ¢) a stegosaur’s hoof ie Stegosaurs used their tough beaks to break open rotting wood to reach the insects inside. True or false? 8} In which period did stegosaurs first appear? a) Triassic b) Jurassic c) Cretaceousi. @) Stegosaurus Sate: = 3} Were a Stegosaurus’ back legs the same length as its front legs? >} Stegosaurus is most likely to A Stegosaurus was a small-brained, plant-eating stegosaur that lived between 156 and 140 million years ago. It had flat, bony, triangular plates along its back, and a heavy, spiked tail. (1) The name Stegosaurus means ‘plated lizard’, True or false? (23 Only male Stegosauruses had plates on their backs. True or false? have used the plates on its back for which two of these purposes? a) to control its body temperature b) to attack other dinosaurs c) to tell its own kind from other stegosaur speciesThe older a Stegosaurus became, the more tail spikes it grew. True or false? =x, % a ) Pade | y In which two of these continents have Stegosaurus fossils been found? a) Europe b) Asia c) North America Running at top speed, a Stegosaurus could move as quickly as the world’s fastest: a) lawnmower b) sprinter c) bicycle Although a Stegosaurus was bigger than an elephant, its brain was only the size of a: a) strawberry b) lemon ¢) coconut® DromaeoSaurs Dromaeosaurs were a fierce, meat-eating group of dinosaurs that walked on two legs and had long claws, which they used to kill their prey. They were closely related to birds, and some had feathers. } Dromaeosaurs are nicknamed: a) raptors b) dinobirds c) slashers 2} Did dromaeosaurs slash their victims with the claws on their fingers or the claws on their toes? ! Might some types of dromaeosaurs have hunted in packs or did they all hunt on theirown? sy z The most intelligent dinosaur ever found was a dromaeosaur. True or false?5} A tooth belonging to this (6: At least how many times heavier 7) Have dromaeosaur fossils ever turkey-sized dromaeosaur Saurornitholestes was found ---~ stuck in a fossilized wing bone of giant flying reptile Quetzalcoatlus. True or false? was the heaviest dromaeosaur, Utahraptor, than the lightest dromaeosaur, Microraptor? a) 5 b) 50 c) 500 been found in Antarctica? : Dromaeosaurs were so intelligent, it would have been possible to train them to sit, roll over and shake hands, just like dogs. True or false?@ Velocira ptor Velociraptors were vicious, meat-eating dromaeosaurs. They had sharp claws and teeth, and lived in hot, dry environments around 85 to 80 million years ago. (1) Could Velociraptors have jumped onto the backs of bigger prey to attack them from behind? (2) Were a Velociraptor’s teeth smooth or serrated? (3) Did Velociraptors have the shortest or the longest skulls of all the dromaeosaurs? @ » Could Velociraptors grow as tall as human adults?} Did Velociraptors use their feathers to help them fly? (6) The Velociraptors shown in the Hollywood movie ‘Jurassic Park’ were actually based on Deinonychus, another type of dromaeosaur. True or false? Q S Velociraptors may have been cannibal scavengers, eating rotting flesh from the bodies of dead dinosaurs. True or false? > ? v 8» Could Velociraptors have used their claws to pull out their victims’ intestines?> @ Arkylosaurs Ankylosaurs were a group of plant-eating dinosaurs that were covered in tough, protective scales, spikes and bony plates. Some had clubs at the end of their tails, which they swung at approaching predators. } Did any kinds of ankylosaurs have more than one club at the end of their tail? 2) Crichtonsaurus was named after Michael Crichton, the author of a novel about dinosaurs called ‘Jurassic Park’ True or false? ? Ankylosaurs have the nickname: a) plated dinosaurs b) tank dinosaurs c) shield dinosaurs ¥ee 0, OE “Ne x TOC Oe \ 5} Ankylosaurs sometimes hit things so hard with their tails that their tail clubs broke off. True or false? {6} Did Ankylosaurus break wind a lot? {7 Evoplocephalus was so well covered by plates and spikes, that the only way for a predator such as Tyrannosaurus to injure it would be to: a) slash at its one unprotected ankle b) flip it onto its back and dig into its soft belly c) pierce the patch of bare skin under its chin (8) The first dinosaur fossil ever discovered in Antarctica was of an ankylosaur. True or false? | | See cece ae MON© Hadrosaurs Hadrosaurs were a group of gentle, plant-eating dinosaurs that had thick, short bodies and tough beaks. Many types of hadrosaurs lived together in large herds. ? What does the name ‘hadrosaur’ mean? a) bulky lizard b) tall lizard —_c) gentle lizard Did Tyrannosaurus hunt hadrosaurs? > Could hadrosaurs bend their tails? 4} This is an Anatotitan. How was it most likely to have used its beak? a) for digging up plants b) for hitting predators c) for making sounds ~ea ia amar aaa ak Reem eee ae CCoon aie en er etic ee >) ve used the crests on their heads to: y a a a) make sounds to communicate f RQvy) b) blow out gas from their bodies J awe c) sneeze through Ae yi Giant hadrosaur Shantungosaurus Dee ha te Wah a) 10 lions b) 10 elephants c) 10 blue whales 7 Hadrosaurs grazed on four feet NK but may have run away from predators on two feet. True or false? Pana ue Kc ierlc a baby hadrosaur to elem MMe Ce ita a) less than 6 years b) 8-12 years c) over 16 yearsPachycephalosaurs Pachycephalosaurs were a group of plant-eating dinosaurs that walked on two legs. They had thick skulls and may have roamed in herds. } What does the name ‘pachycephalosaur’ mean? a) dome-headed lizard *& b) bone-headed lizard +k c) thick-headed lizard rack (2) Why might pachycephalosaurs have head butted each other? a) as a form of greeting b) to fight for dominance in their herd c) to warn others of danger (3 Were pachycephalosaurs’ skulls so big because they housed huge brains? 4} Was Pachycephalosaurus the largest pachycephalosaur?(53 The most commonly found pachycephalosaur fossil is of which part of its body? a) its leg b) its skull Ss c) its See S 2 _——_— 5} Stygimoloch is a pachycephalosaur with a name that means ‘horned demon from the river of death’, True or false? 7D The thickest part of Pachycephalosaurus’ . ~ skull was as thick as how N many bricks? {8} Which of these, inspired by J.K. Rowling's tales of Harry Potter, is the name of a real pachycephalosaur? a) Norbertodon hagridia b) Basilisk voldemortia eS c) Dracorex hogwartsia@) Ea rly birds Most dinosaur scientists believe that birds are a type of dinosaur, and that they evolved from small meat-eaters. The first birds lived alongside dinosaurs. Could all prehistoric birds fly? to have eaten: a) plants b) insects c) other birds 3) Is Archaeopteryx likely to have made its nest in trees? y\ \ (43 Did an Ichthyornis look more like a vulture or a seagull? 85} This penguin-like early bird ‘ a is called Hesperornis. Did it use its feet more for diving or for walking? .___--7 Did all prehistoric birds have teeth? {7 Which dinosaur do many scientists think is the oldest known member of the bird family? a) Longipteryx b) Archaeopteryx c) Omnivoropteryx {8} Which of these is the name ~~ of a real prehistoric bird? a) Jumbopteryx b) Gargantuavis c) Enormornis ee or ay©) Dinosaur names Is the dinosaur Camelotia named after a camel or after King Arthur's legendary court, Camelot? 2} Which of these is the meaning of the dinosaur name Megapnosaurus? a) good happy lizard b) small hungry lizard c) big dead lizard ) One dinosaur was named Eiffelosaurus, after the Eiffel Tower in France. True or false? > These plant-eating dinosaurs that lived in herds are Lambeosaurus lambei. Were they so named because they were as gentle as lambs or were they named to recognize the work of dinosaur scientist, Lawrence Lambe?This is a Zupaysaurus, an early meat-eating dinosaur with a name that means ‘devil lizard’ Was it so named because it looked like a devil or because the area where its first fossil ' was found is called ; : Devil’s Creek? Is there a dinosaur named Irritator? 7: The name of small, feathered dinosaur Rahonavis means: a) fear from the rivers fish b) danger from the trees lizard c) menace from the clouds bird Eoraptor lunensis is one of the earliest known dinosaurs. Its name means: a) night stalker from the Volcano of the Sun b) dawn thief from the Valley of the Moon c) dusk vandal from the Forest of the StarsDinoSaur Siants Qe } Which was probably the largest dinosaur? a) Amphicoelias b) Supersaurus c) Diplodocus 2> One of the biggest dinosaurs is known as ‘The King of the Jurassic’ Is it Allosaurus or Tyrannosaurus? 3} Which dinosaur was the biggest of the meat-eaters: Spinosaurus or Velociraptor? } Argentinosaurus was a giant plant-eating dinosaur. Where were its fossils first discovered? a) Europe b) South America c) AsiaWhich of these is the name of a real dinosaur giant? a) Giraffatitan _b) Rhinocatitan _c) Elephantitan (63 Mamenchisaurus was a long-necked plant-eating dinosaur. It could grow to be as heavy as how many rhinos? a) 3 b) 10 c) 20 Shantungosaurus was a giant duck-billed dinosaur. It was the biggest animal ever known to: a) walk on two feet b) climb trees c) fly (8) The sea creature on the right is called Shonisaurus. lts eyeballs were as wide as: a) saucers b) large pizzasTiny dinos Parvicursor was a small dinosaur with long, slender legs that helped it to run quickly. Its name means: a) tiny foot b) fast lizard c) small runner + Some dinosaurs were only ( as long as matchsticks. True or false? These little lizard-eating dinosaurs are Compsognathuses. They were around the size of a: a) hummingbird \ b) pigeon c) chicken 1 1 1 ! i Is there a small dinosaur called Bambiraptor?5} This prehistoric bird is an o Iberomesornis. It was around the size of a sparrow. ---. True or false? oe low much heavier was dinosaur giant Brachiosaurus than tiny Fruitadens, which lived alongside it? a) 400 times b) 4,000 times c) 40,000 times Tiny dinosaur Mei holds the record for having the shortest dinosaur: a) legs b) tail c) name A fossil of feathered dinosaur Anchiornis is the smallest complete skeleton ever discovered. Where was it found? s a) Ireland b) China c) Brazil($) Have more fossils been found of injured meat-eaters or injured plant-eaters? \ ;) Did any meat-eating dinosaurs have straight claws? Ee 7) This giant dinosaur is a Saurophaganax. It was one of the largest meat-eating dinosaurs in North America. The name Saurophaganax means: ~. a) best of the lizard-hunters = b) fastest of lizard-chasers c) king of the lizard-eaters X ‘ v 8} All meat-eaters had three toes on each foot. True or false?Plant-eaters - ZA ‘1: How many fingers did most plant-eaters have on each hand? b) four a) three c) five ee Z 2) This is a long-necked plant-eater called Brachiosaurus. What \ s does its name mean? a) neck lizard b) arm lizard c) branch-chewing lizard 3) What did some plant-eaters swallow to help them grind up the food in their stomachs? a) tree bark b) stones c) 43 Did dinosaurs eat apples?@0) E995 and nests ) This is a Hypacrosaurus. It was the dinosaur that laid the biggest eggs. How big were they? a) the size of a melon b) the size of a car wheel c) the size of a person ' ' \ \ (Dy The first dinosaur ~ egg fossils were found in 1869 in which country? a) China b) Canada c) France £3) Were all dinosaur eggs the same shape? LOT ia 4: Some dinosaurs laid their eggs in water. True or false? Bestia a ake stl ah5» A dinosaur could lay up to how many eggs in a year? a) 50 b) 100 (63 Which of these dinosaur groups sat on their eggs to keep them warm? a) hadrosaurs b) oviraptorosaurs c) stegosaurs (73 Were all dinosaur eggs smooth or were some covered in wrinkles and bumps? {8} Some dinosaurs nested in colonies, building hundreds of nests in the same area. True or false? c) 150 ' 1 1 i 2 eo yy °@\ ee (ig) gi!{1} This is an Apatosaurus. An adult could be as tall as an eight-floor building. How long did it take to 4 grow to its full adult size? .__-- - a) up to 10 years b) 10-20 years ’ c) over 20 years } Do some scientists think that baby Velociraptors may have been able to fly? (3) A young Styracosaurus (which looked similar to its cousin, Triceratops) had long horns on its brow that shrank as it grew into an adult. True or fal} This is a flying reptile called ~~ SS a pterosaur. Young pterosaurs are known as: a) flaplings b) dactylets c) wingsters > Adult ankylosaurs were covered in bony plates. Baby ankylosaurs had plates that covered all parts of their bodies, except for their: a) heads b) backs c) legs ? Could baby oviraptors run around as soon as they hatched? (8 } Did a young ’ Tarbosaurus eat the same foods as its parents?TN 2) Walking and running >) Did dinosaurs usually walk on their toes or were they flat-footed? 2} If Diplodocus didn’t keep at least three feet on the €> ground at all times, it would topple over. True or false? } This is a Podokesaurus. It was a small, fast-moving dinosaur. What does --~__ its name mean? ne a) swift-footed lizard b) lightning speed runner c) racing demon lizard } Which were usually faster: meat-eaters or plant-eaters?Tyrannosaurus could —— run as quickly as a: : wn a) polar bear \ b) horse c) cheetah Ye 5: Some prehistoric flying creatures, such as this Hatzegopteryx, spent _ as much time walking around on land as they did flying through the air. * 1 1 ' 1 » True or false? Some prehistoric marine reptiles ran along the bottom of the sea bed. True or false? If ostrich-like insect-eater Gallimimus and fierce meat-eater Velociraptor had been in a race, who would have won?23) Fighting dinos 1} Is there evidence to suggest that teenage tyrannosaurs fought each other in gangs? f 2) Did any dinosaurs hold their victims in a tight ‘death grip’ using their claws? ( °3> Is it likely that any dinosaurs kicked their predators to death? {43 Ankylosaurus could fracture the skull of a Tyrannosaurus with a swing of its mighty tail club. True or false?5} In 1971, a fossil was found that showed a Protoceratops ~ locked in deadly combat with a Velociraptor. How are they thought to have died? a) they fought until they died of exhaustion b) another dinosaur came along and killed them both c) they suffocated when a sand dune collapsed on top of them \ H | (6) Some dinosaurs had long tusks that may have helped them fight off predators. True or false? Did any dinosaurs spit venom to defend themselves from predators? a 8) Did Tyrannosaurus prey on Stegosaurus?@) Dinosaur world Which of these prehistoric time periods is the oldest and which is the most recent? a) Triassic b) Cretaceous c) Jurassic £23 In the middle of the Jurassic period, the Earth ~~ had two continents. One was called Gondwana; the other was: a) Laurasia aad b) Ellafrica c) Annamerica {3} In the middle of the “Cretaceous period (between 100 and 95 million years ago) was the world very hot or very cold? (4) In the Jurassic period, Central Europe was a: a) dry and dusty desert b) bleak and frozen tundra c) series of tropical islands53 In the early Cretaceous period, Australia was joined to: a) Africa b) Antarctica c) Asia Flowering plants first bloomed in which period? a) Jurassic b) Cretaceous ¢c) Triassic ‘7 During the Late Triassic period, there was no ice at either the North or the South Pole. True or false? There is fossil evidence to suggest that in the middle of the Jurassic period there were extreme: wW a) hurricanes b) snowstorms c) monsoons@ Head to head } Allosaurus was a big, meat-eating dinosaur. Its skull was so strong it could have held the weight of an elephant. True or false? } Some meat-eating dinosaurs had one eye that was bigger than the other. True or false? } Did any dinosaurs have nostril openings in their foreheads? } The dinosaur on the right is a Tylocephale. |t had a very high and wide forehead. Its name means: a) dome lizard b) swelled head c) long face} There is a dinosaur with a name that means ‘knuckle head’ True or false? iB This dinosaur below is a Torosaurus. It had the longest head of all the dinosaurs. lis head was as long as a: a) baseball bat b) double bed c) tank : ”: Gallimimus was an ostrich-like dinosaur that had a strong beak. In which two ways may it have used its beak to find food? a) to crack open the eggs of other dinosaurs b) to cut leaves from branches c) to dig little animals out of mud Lipleurodon was a huge sea reptile with jaws strong enough to crush a car. True or false? ne(26) Terrific teeth 1) Flying reptile Pterodaustro had more than 1,000 teeth. True or false? (23 Long-necked plant-eating ancestors of Diplodocus had teeth shaped like: a) knives b) forks c) spoons 3; Most dinosaurs had lots of different types of teeth. | True or false? | ‘43 This buck-toothed dinosaur is an | Incisivosaurus. |s it more likely to have used its big front teeth for biting prey or for gnawing plants?Ca ee DISC Maia ou] dinosaurs used small twigs to pick Seem Coa © bila) @ yim R True or false? CPM Ore nn ry an Elasmosaurus. How did it use its long, splaying teeth? a) to chew its food ~ et b) to trap and stab its prey ( c) to inject venom into its prey 7 Did all dinosaurs have teeth? Peete ure ieee ORR UC Lael e Astrodon wounding tooth Troodon star tooth yy eee LeNE] ar Yaa) Merona]@ Neck and neck } This is a Mamenchisaurus. It had the longest neck 4 of all the dinosaurs. Its neck was half as long as a: -” a) bus — b) tennis court —_c) swimming pool } Some dinosaurs had no necks at all. True or false? Dinosaur scientists once thought that long-necked Barosaurus had hearts in its neck to help pump blood to its brain, True or false? (4) Sauroposeidon was a long-necked plant-eater. To help it lift its neck up easily, the bones in its neck were: a) honeycombed with air pockets b) streaked with deep ridges c) pitted with small dents5» Did all plant-eating dinosaurs have long necks? Stegosaurus had bony plates covering all the parts of its body, except its neck. True or false? This is an Amargasaurus. It had two rows of spiny sails along its neck which it flapped up and down to keep cool. True or false? 8} Most long-necked dinosaurs were born with short necks, which lengthened quickly as they grew older. True or false?This desert- dwelling dinosaur is called Mononykus. What is it most likely to have used its long legs for? a) jumping over sand dunes b) wading in pools of water c) running quickly away from predators 2) Saltasaurids didn’t have any fingers, just stumps. Ss = True or false? 3) How many working fingers did tyrannosaurs have? |} Did any dinosaurs have arms so small ” that they were probably useless?What did maniraptorans do with their long arms when they ran? a) they tucked them close to their body b) they flapped them up and down c) they swung them to and fro .} Brontomerus was a big, plant-eating dinosaur with very wide legs. What does its name mean? a) thick ankles b) knobbly knees c) thunder thighs YQ ’} Meat-eaters’ limbs were more muscly ___ than plant-eaters. True or false? Did any dinosaurs leave horseshoe- shaped footprints?Just claws } Is there evidence to suggest that dinosaurs kept their claws sharp by scratching them down tree trunks? Did Velociraptors have longer claws on their fingers or on their toes? 3) If a dinosaur broke a claw, would a new one grow to replace it? } This is a Therizinosaurus, the dinosaur with the longest claws. Its claws were roughly b as long as a: \ a) tennis racket b) golf club Cli c) pool cue53 Could dinosaurs draw their claws into their toes, like cats do? 6} Long-legged turkey-sized dinosaur Mononykus is thought to have used its long claws for: a) spearing small mammals b) slashing other dinosaurs c) tearing into rotten wood | Dimorphodon was a large flying reptile that may have used its claws to clamber up tree trunks and cliff faces. True or false? This is a Baryonyx. It used its claws to spear fish. What does its name mean? a) heavy claw x (ED b) fishing fingers —Z : \ By, c) spearing lizardA dinos tail } Stegosaurus had upward-pointing spikes on its tail. ° True or false? (3) This is a Leaellynasaura. It lived near the South Pole and may have used its long tail to keep warm. Was its tail as long as its body or three times as long? )) Epidexipteryx was a small, bird-like dinosaur with four, very long, ribbon-like tail feathers. What do scientists think it used these long feathers for? a) for grabbing insects to eat b) for whipping predators c) for showing off to other dinosaurs5} Most dinosaurs would have tipped head over heels if they didn’t have a tail for balance. True or false? This is a Nomingia, a human-sized dinosaur that looked like a cross between a turkeyanda \ peacock. Do scientists think it used ' its fan-like tail to attract a / ¥ mate or to keep cool? ) Could prehistoric crocodiles use their tails to pick things up? Which of these groups of dinosaurs had bony clubs at the end of their tails? a) troodontids _b) ankylosaurs —_c) maniraptorsGi) Body coverings his little Chinese dinosaur is a Sinosauropteryx. It was the = ~~~. first dinosaur known to : be covered in: a) feathers b) fur c) wool } Are any dinosaurs known to have had slimy skin? } The outlines of the bumps, scales and feathers of dinosaurs’ skin has been found preserved in: } a) wood b) shells c) rocksMicroraptor was a small dinosaur that some experts think may have lived in trees and glided from branch to branch. What did it have on its arms, tail and legs? a) feathers b) bumps __c) spikes 6: This is Agustinia, a fierce-looking dinosaur that was covered in bumps, plates and spikes. Was it a meat-eater or a plant-eater? i 7; Did dinosaurs’ skin become wrinkled in old age? 3: Some dinosaurs were covered in bony scales that grew softer and spongier as they grew older. True or false?2) Look-alikes This is an Anchiornis. It had a red crest on its head. Was this crest feathery like a woodpecker’s, or fleshy, like a hen’s? S \ ens a4 } Small, plant-eating dinosaur Kangnasaurus was so named because it had a long tail, like a kangaroo’s. True or false? > A Carnotaurus was a long-necked, meat-eating dinosaur with very small arms and two horns on its forehead. What does its name mean? a) small-armed ram b) meat-eating bull c) long-necked antelope } A Psittacosaurus had a short, sharp beak that it may have used to crack open nuts. Did this dinosaur look more like: a) an owl b) a parrot c) an eagle} Which prehistoric sea i reptiles looked like dolphins: “ ichthyosaurs or plesiosaurs? Y. } The dinosaur Equijubus was given its name (which means ‘horse mane’) because it had a mane like a horse. True or false? (7: When the first Triceratops fossil was discovered in 1887, it was thought to be a giant prehistoric: a) goat b) bison c) rhino A Dromiceiomimus was a fast-moving, big-brained dinosaur. Its name means ‘emu mimic’ and it was so named because: a) it had big eyes and long legs b) it flapped its wings when running c) it had dull brown, shaggy feathers3) DinoSaur family tree } What does the name ‘archosaur’ mean? } Are pterosaurs (flying reptiles) (3) The type of archosaur that ? As well as dinosaurs, Dinosaurs are part of a larger group of reptiles called archosaurs. One type of archosaur is the ancestor of dinosaurs. Other types didn’t evolve into dinosaurs, but did live at the same time as them. a) first lizard b) ruling lizard c) ancestor lizard a type of archosaur? evolved into dinosaurs are called dinosauromorphs. True or false? archosaurs are also the ancestors of which two of these animal groups? a) crocodiles b) birds c) lizards} The archosaur below is called Desmatosuchus. In which two ways did it use its long shoulder spikes? a) for defending itself from predators b) for impressing other archosaurs c) for killing prey Batrachotomus was an archosaur with a name that means ‘frog slicer. True or false? wl Crurotarsi is a group of archosaurs whose name means ‘crossed fingers. True or false? (8} How were archosaurs’ teeth different from the teeth of other reptiles? a) they were loosely attached to the jaw b) they were set inside the cheeks c) they were set in sockets in the jaw4) Walking with dinosaurs Fossils of some little creatures have been found in fossilized dinosaur droppings. Which one of these hasn’t? a) snails _b) dung beetles —_¢) flies id cavemen live at the same time as dinosaurs? The biggest mammals that lived alongside dinosaurs were the size of: Sai Ereaee a) hamsters b) beagle dogs c) cart horses Snakes evolved around 90 million years ago. The rliest snakes all had rattles at the end of their tails. _ True or false? ann5} The crocodile below is a Sarcosuchus, a creature that lived around 110 million years ago. How much longer was it than a modern crocodile? a) two times b) three times c) four times : A Trigona is a type of bee that evolved around 80 million years ago. Which of these things can’t it do? a) see b) sting c) } Komodo dragons, the biggest of today’s lizards, lived alongside dinosaurs and may have eaten their eggs. True or false? } Which of these animals didn’t exist at the same time as dinosaurs? a) frogs b) bats c) butterflies@ Pterosaurs Pterosaurs were flying reptiles that lived at the same time as the dinosaurs. They could fly long distances using their tough, leathery wings. } This is a Hatzegopteryx, one of the largest pterosaurs. It had the same wingspan as a: a) large bat SN b) large bird as c) small plane > Did parent pterosaurs have to teach their young how to fly? ) Pterosaurs are officially classed as dinosaurs. True or false? } Did pterosaurs have feathers?5} The name ‘pterosaur’ means: a) sky lizard _b) winged lizard cc) bird lizard {6} This flamingo-like pterosaur is a Pterodaustro. \_. ~~ It used its bristly teeth to: ‘ a) trap flying insects b) sift sand to catch sand bugs c) filter tiny creatures from water \, \ \ 1 1 a y (7s Which was the "first pterosaur to be discovered: Pterodactylus or Pteranodon? {8} Pterosaurs could reach ‘) \ a top flying speed \ of 250kph (155mph). 6: True or false?(Be) Sea creatures : Are prehistoric sea reptiles officially classed as dinosaurs? 4 (23 Leedsichthys, one of the largest fish ever known, was three times as long as a crocodile. True or false? \ oP" - This giant Sy prehistoric ae) crab is called: a) Giganzaclaurus b) Megaxantho c) Crustitan At the time of the dinosaurs, CS. prehistoric crocodiles only lived in the sea, but they moved to rivers kg after all the dinosaurs had died out. ai True or false?(63 A bone from which type of fish was found stuck 7) Woodlice-like creatures called trilobites {8} This is a giant sea turtle 5} Have fossils of giant, long-snouted sea reptile Polycotylus been found with unlaid eggs or unborn babies inside their bodies? between the teeth of a fossilized Spinosaurus? a) sawfish b) catfish c) dogfish scuttled along the ocean floors during the time of the dinosaurs. True or false? ’ called an Archelon. Its shell was as big as a: ne ee a) car b) tank c) truckitalia, ia @ Nicknames ) Due to its huge size and its heavy, reptilian skull, prehistoric sea crocodile Dakosaurus is nicknamed: a) ‘Godzilla’ b) ‘Gremlin’ c) ‘Bigfoot’ What kind of dinosaur was ‘Big Al’, a near-complete skeleton discovered in Wyoming, USA in 1991? Collies) el gt VI-tefol [ese TT ger) Cryolophosaurus is nicknamed ---_ ‘Elvisaurus’ because of its: eyes] Uy yeX-va ite) b) swivelling hips c) head crest in the shape of a quiff hairstyle oe es 5 POR ee cleo Ay complete, and best-preserved Tyrannosaurus rex fossil ever discovered is nicknamed ‘Sue’ True or false?5} The most complete fossil of a meat-eating dinosaur found in Australia was nicknamed ‘Banjo’ after a famous Australian poet. onan, m i True or false? 6} ‘Bone heads’ is the nickname of which group of dinosaurs? a) ceratopsians b) tyrannosaurs c) pachycephalosaurs ‘Duck-billed dinosaurs’ is the nickname of which dinosaur group? 1 a) sauropods ¥ b) hadrosaurs ¢) stegosaurs }} Prehistoric shark Cretoxyrhina is nicknamed ‘Ginsu shark’ after: a) a brand of knife known for its sharpness b) a type of speedboat known for its speediness c) a breed of dog known for its ferocityExtinction At different times in the Earth’s past, groups of animals have died out suddenly. Dinosaurs and e, many other types of animals became extinct : at the end of the Cretaceous period. (1) Dinosaurs died out because mammals started eating their eggs. | True or false? 4 | ) At the end of the Cretaceous period, an ie 4f/ asteroid hit the Earth at a site that is now in: ad at a) the USA b) Mexico c) Argentina | No species of land animal weighing more than about 25kg (S5lbs) survived the Cretaceous extinction. True or false? 65% of all living things died — 4 out at the end of the Cretaceous period. True or false?The asteroid that hit the Earth at the end of © the Cretaceous period was so huge that it would take a person an hour and a half to walk from one end of it to the other. True or false? (6) How many million years ago were all dinosaurs except birds wiped off the face of the Earth? a) 45.5 b) 65.5 iG) 85.5) ZS Which two of these natural disasters would have been caused by an asteroid colliding with the Earth? a) acid rain b) plagues c) tsunamis 8} Is it more likely that the Earth’s temperature rose or fell after it was hit by an asteroid at the end of the Cretaceous period?Later megabeasts After the dinosaurs died out, mammals had more 0 food and fewer predators. Some grew to enormous ° sizes. Many of these megabeasts lived between 6 eo Was the Woolly Mammoth the x ° only type of mammoth? 4 two million and ten thousand years ago. (2) Basilosaurus, a giant prehistoric whale, had two little: oO a) blowholes b) legs c) ears 3} Castoroides was a giant beaver that was the size of a modern: a) wolf b) polar bear c) hippo } Did any giant mammals live at the same time as the dinosaurs?5; Scientists think that prehistoric big cat Smilodon most likely hunted its prey by: a) chasing it down over long distances b) hiding, then jumping out at it c) pouncing on it from the low branches of trees 63 Megatherium, an elephant-sized sloth, had such huge front claws it had to walk on the sides of its feet. True or false? (7) Chalicotherium had a face like Cees uae , claws like a ......0- 5 and walked like a ......... Fill in the blanks with these words: a) sloth b) horse c) gorilla 8) Was there such a thing as a Woolly Rhino?Making fossils All the information we have about prehistoric life comes from fossils. Fossils are the remains of plant and animal parts that became stuck aX in something that turned hard, such as sand that hardened into sandstone. : Coprolites are fossilized: a) teeth b) droppings c) scales } Which is it more common to find fossilized in amber (hardened tree resin): a lizard or an insect? Can vomit become fossilized? } Is there more chance of something becoming a fossil if it is buried =~ quickly or if it is buried slowly?;} Which is more likely to contain a dinosaur fossil: a) rock that was formed in the ocean b) rock that was formed on land c) rock that was formed in a swamp ): Can eyes become fossilized? 7: Fossil bones are slightly radioactive. True or false? 3} A fossil has the same shape as the original object, but is chemically more like:2: In 1947, Coelophysis fossils were (4) The first dinosaur fossil Claws are the most commonly found fossilized dinosaur body part. True or false? discovered in New Mexico, USA, with the remains of what inside their bellies? a) prehistoric crocodiles b) their own young c) frogs eA, 3 How many millions of years old are the oldest dinosaur fossils found so far? = a) 185 b) 215 6) 235 to be found was of a: a) Tyrannosaurus b) Megalosaurus c) Stegosaurus5) The first Ankylosaurus skeleton was unearthed by an oil company drilling for oil in Saudi Arabia. True or false? 6} There are fossils of ichthyosaurs giving birth. True or false? « a ‘7 Scientists discovered traces of pigment cells Oe in a fossil of a dinosaur called Sinosauropteryx. Lge These showed that this dinosaur was: 4 wh a) bluish green fel ee 5 Y b) reddish brown aes eee be c) orangish yellow - > el Ae twee re * dinosaur footprints is roughly twice the size of: a) Central Park, New York b) Loch Ness lake, Scotland c) Paris, France(42) Record breakers The longest dinosaur teeth ever found belonged to a: a) Velociraptor b) Diplodocus c) Tyrannosaurus ); During the time of the dinosaurs, 5m (16ft) long Koolasuchus was the biggest: a) amphibian b) worm c) spider 3 The oldest known ........ made by dinosaurs were discovered in southeastern Australia in 2009. Which of these words will fill the blank correctly? a) nests b) burrows c) footprints Micropachycephalosaurus has the longest name of all the non-bird dinosaurs. True or false?5) This is the widest dinosaur. What is it called? a) Ankylosaurus b) Pentaceratops ¢) Stegosaurus {6} Mussaurus was so small it could sit comfortably in a person’s hand. It was the dinosaur with the smallest: a) eggs b) teeth c) skull (7} Tyrannosaurus had the biggest dinosaur brain. True or false? 8} Kosmoceratops is the dinosaur with the most horns and horn-like structures. How many did it have? a) 7 b) 11 alspe Resi actA [3] Myths and legends MPN No eS) eet Yelle arta tier’ Hydra, a nine-headed water Colcol hi oe discovering nine Coelophysis skulls in a dried-up riverbed. True or false? K ce Papua New Guinea is ey s Chee ate, we said to be home Maire) i : oe * pterosaur-like creatures a) that glow in the dark. a True or false? ee 3) A mythical ankylosaur-like ve creature named Muhuru is said to be roaming around the jungle in which ola a) Brazil b) India c) Kenya 4; When part of a Megalosaurus leg bone was first CT MYPAL Cle Tmt le os} giant: a) lizard b) human c) birdIn Malta, fossils of prehistoric sharks’ teeth were used in medicines as a cure for poisoning. True or false? The Loch Ness Monster (which is said to = be living in a Scottish lake) reportedly ¥ most closely resembles what type cf prehistoric sea creature? a) a pterosaur b) a plesiosaur c) a tyrannosaur A tyrannosaur-like creature known as Burrunjor is said to be living in the: a) Sahara desert b) Australian Outback c) Amazon rainforest 8. Mokele-Mbembe, a long-necked mythical creature that is said to live in the jungles of central Africa, reportedly looks like a: a) sauropod b) hadrosaur c) stegosaura) True or false? wD £3) Some prehistoric ) Parasaurolophus (4: Hadrosaurs Groups of these giant, chicken-like Gigantoraptors lived together in ‘flocks’ and fought among themselves by pecking at each other. True or false? We cet was a duck-billed dinosaur that also had webbed feet, like a duck’s, True or false? mammals preyed on baby dinosaurs. True or false? fed their babies by swallowing food, then vomiting it up for them. True or false?Prehistoric bird Andalgalornis fought like a boxer, dancing around and jabbing at its prey with its beak. True or false? The longest complete dinosaur skeleton fossil is of a Diplodocus. True or false? 7 Some scientists think that Stegosaurus could make its plates ‘blush’ turning them red by pumping blood into them. True or false? 3} This isa Masiakasaurus. Its name means ‘protruding teeth lizard’ True or false?ae aba it aaa tui: ll ein iil 8) Yes or no? 1} Can scientists find out a dinosaur’s age when it died by examining the chemicals in a fossilized tooth? Did prehistoric mosquitoes feed on dinosaur blood? 3} Did tyrannosaurs store their freshly killed prey in trees, like some of today’s birds and mammals do? |} Could dinosaurs become --""~~4 infested with lice? {5} Did plant-eating dinosaurs pick leaves from trees using their hands? {6 Do dinosaur bones have growth rings like tree rings, that form at the rate of one ring a year? (7) Did any types of dinosaurs have pot bellies? (83 Were dinosaur eggshells soft and leathery, like lizards’ eggs?Did some types of dinosaurs keep Sa their eggs warm by coverin ~ ‘99 Ye fe] S ! ‘1 them with plants? 10 Did dinosaurs normally drag their tails behind them along the ground as they walked? Have dinosaurs ever been taken into space? 2: Did meat-eating dinosaurs wrap their tails around their prey to catch them? Could small dinosaurs bring their larger prey tumbling to the ground by nipping at their toes? 14 Did dinosaurs living in cold --~., climates migrate to warmer places for the winter? Did Diplodocus flick its tail to communicate with other dinosaurs? Were all dinosaurs cold-blooded?AHNANAAAHUIANA ALMA ADO HALLMAN AA URSA HLA AR Coa Odds and ends ) Which dinosaur did some scientists once think had a second brain in its hip? a) Triceratops b) Stegosaurus ¢) Deinonychus “23 Did all known dinosaurs lay eggs rather than giving birth to live young? What is the name of the ferocious, spiny dinosaur below? a) Spinosaurus b) Carnivaurus c) Ferocisaurus ‘4 Which dinosaur made the longest fossilized dinosaur dropping discovered so far? a) Tyrannosaurus b) Diplodocus ¢) ArgentinosaurusWhich dinosaur is Brontosaurus now known as? a) Apatosaurus b) Brachiosaurus c) Cetiosaurus ood xe Scientists who study dinosaurs are called: ood a) dinosaurologists b) paleontologists c) fossilologists Py Diplodocus weighed as much as: a) 1 elephant b) 3 elephants c) 10 elephants 8) This duck-sized dinosaur is called Mei which means ‘sleep soundly’ in Chinese. It was so named because its first fossil was discovered in a sleeping position, with its head nestled under its arm. ._ True or false?Answers @ What are dinosaurs? 1.4 2, no (they lived through the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous periods) 3. false 4, b 5. yes (prehistoric flying and water reptiles aren't classed as dinosaurs) 6.¢ 7c 8b @ Tyrannosaurus 1. 2. true (some lizards have teeth that are the same shape as tyrannosaur teeth, and they infect their prey in this way) 3. yes 4.b 5, false (but it could hold a chunk of meat about the weight of a gorilla) 6.b 7 true 8c ® Sauropods loa 2. true 3. yes (they thought that sauropods would have needed water to support their huge body weight) 4.b 5. false 6. true (by comparison, humans only need 2,200 calories a day) 7b 8.c @ Diplodocus 1.5 2.¢ 3.5 (it had the longest tail of all the dinosaurs) 4, evergreen 5. a (it had pencil-like, blunt teeth that it could use like a garden rake) 6. true 7.a 8. in herds (many Diplodocus fossils have been found in groups) ® Ceratopsians 1. ¢ (it might have used its horn to stab at predators) 2. bone 3.b 4. yes 5.b 6. larger 7, true 8. Medusaceratops (it was named after a monster in ancient Greek mythology that had snakes for hair) © Triceratops l.a 2. Many scientists think it could, but others think that it would have damaged its head if it ran into an enemy at great speed. 3. yes (its powerful jaws helped it to chew the toughest plants) 4.b 5.bandc 6.b 7b 8. twoStegosaurs 1. false (scientists don’t know exactly how many plates it had, but a fossil of an incomplete skeleton has been found with 13 plates) 2.a 3. no (they were heavy with stocky legs, so would only have been able to take slow, short strides) 4. no (their plates weren't strong enough and didn’t cover enough of their bodies to be useful as protection) 5. stuck in its skin 6. b 7, false (they used them to cut plants) 8. b Stegosaurus 1. false (it means ‘roofed lizard’. It was so named because its plates were first thought to cover its back like tiles on a roof) 2. false 3. no (its back legs were twice as long as its front legs) 4.a andc 5. false (all Stegosauruses had four tail spikes) 6.aandc 7a 8.b Droma€osaurS 1. a 2, the claws on their toes 3, some might have hunted in packs 4, true (a type of dromaeosaur called a Troodon had the biggest brain compared to its body size) 5. true 6.c 7. yes 8. false (dinosaurs were very intelligent for reptiles, but not as intelligent as dogs) Velociraptor 1. yes, some scientists think they used this method to attack prey bigger than themselves 2. serrated 3. the longest 4. no (fully grown, they would have been no more than waist-high to a human adult) 5. no (they wouldn’t have been able to fly) 6. true 7. true 8. no (their claws may have been sharp enough to puncture the skin, but not to tear muscle to pull out the intestines) Ankylosaurs 1, no 2. true (it was named in 2007, after the release of a series of successful movies based on his book) 3. yes (Evoplocephalus did) 4.b 5. false 6. Yes, it probably did. Some scientists think it produced a lot of gas when it ate. 7. b 8. true (it was named Antarctopelta)C) @ Answers Hadrosaurs loa 2. yes 3.no 4.a 5. a (they may have used their crests as wind instruments, forcing blasts of air through them to make sounds) 6.a 7. true 8.b Pachycephalosaurs lc 2.b 3, no (compared to their bodies, their brdinsavere toh very big) 4s yes..5s\b 6.4126 7b Bc Early birds 1. no (some could only glide, and others couldn’t even get off the ground) 2.a 3. no (it’s more likely to have nested on the ground) 4. a seagull 5. for diving (it could hardly move on land) 6. yes 7.b 8.b Dinosaur names 1, after King Arthur's legendary court, Camelot 2.¢ 3. false 4. to recognize the work of dinosaur scientist, Lawrence Lambe 5. because it looked like a devil 6. yes (it’s so named because the people who first found an Irritator fossil added plaster to it to make it look more impressive, irritating the scientists who had to spend a long time undoing the damage) 7c 8.b DinoSaur Jiants 1. a (the size of this giant dinosaur is based on a single fossil bone that has been lost since it was discovered in 1877, so some scientists think that Amphicoelias never actually existed. If it didn’t, then there are other contenders for the title of biggest dinosaur, such as Sauroposeidon and Argentinosaurus.) 2. Allosaurus 3. Spinosaurus 4.b 5.a 6.¢ Za 8.c Ting dinos 1. 2. false 3.¢ 4. yes (it was discovered in the USA in 1993 by 14-year-old fossil hunter Wes Linster) 5. true 6.c 7c 8b@) Meat-munchers 1. b 2. plant-eaters (only 30-40% were meat-eaters) 3. yes (they had to be more intelligent to find ways to catch their prey) 4. yes 5. injured meat-eaters 6, no (all meat-eaters had curved claws) 7c 8. false (most had four) Plant-eaters 1..c 2. b (when it was discovered, it was the only dinosaur known to have front limbs longer than its hind limbs) 3.b 4. no (apples didn’t evolve until after dinosaurs had become extinct) 5.a 6. yes (they could have used them to fight off attackers) 7. 8. yes 0) Eggs and hEStTS 1.a 2.c (they were laid by a giant plant- eater called Hypselosaurus) 3, no (they varied in shape from round balls to long, thin ovals) 4, false 5.c 6.b 7. some were covered in wrinkles and bumps 8, true (21) Bakies and youngsters 1.b 2. yes 3. true 4. yes 5.0 6.a 7. yes 8. no (a young Tarbosaurus had weaker jaws than its parents, so it could only bite small prey) @ Walking and running 1. they walked on their toes 2. false 3.a 4, meat-eaters (they needed to be faster so that they could chase their prey) 5.a 6. true 7. false 8. Gallimimus @) Fighting dinos 1. no (but they probably did fight each other one-on-one, and may have hunted prey in gangs) 2. yes (most clawed meat-eaters would have pinned their victims in place with their claws whilst attacking them with their teeth) 3. yes (some scientists think that a dinosaur with large thighs called Brontomerus used its big legs to attack predators) 4. true §.c 6. true (a fox-sized dinosaur called Heterodontosaurus had long tusks) 7. no 8, no (Stegosaurus had died out by the time Tyrannosaurus had evolved)Answers @) Dinosaur world 1. a (Triassic) is the oldest, and b (Cretaceous) is the most recent 2.a 3. very hot 4.¢ 5.b 6.b 7 true 8.c @) Head to head 1. true 2. false 3. yes (some types of sauropods did) 4.b 5. true (it’s Colepiocephale) 6.b 7. band c 8. true (26) Terrific teeth 1, true 2.c 3. false (most had just one type) 4. for gnawing plants 5. false 6.b 7. no (some whole groups of dinosaurs, such as the bird-like ornithomimids, had no teeth) 8. Astrodon means ‘star tooth, Troodon means ‘wounding tooth; Deinodon means ‘terrible tooth’ Neck and neck 1.5 2. false 3. true 4. (the air pockets made its neck lighter) 5. no 6. false 7. false (the sails wouldn’t have been very flexible) 8. true @) Arms and legs l.c 2. true 3.two 4. yes (a group of dinosaur called abelisaurids) 5.4 6.c 7, false (plant-eaters were usually larger, so needed more muscle to carry their heavy bodies around) 8. yes (sauropods did) Just claws 1. no (they might have, but there’s no evidence to suggest that they did) 2. on their toes 8.no 4.b 5.no 6. (it might have done this to reach the insects inside) 7. true 8.4 Ge) A dino's tail 1, yes 2, false (the spikes pointed sideways and backward) 3, three times 4.c 5. true 6. attract a mate 7.no 8b@ Body coverings 1. yes (many dinosaurs are known to have been covered in a fluffy coating, like newborn chicks) 2.4 3.no 4,¢c 5.a 6a plant-eater 7. no 8. true (titanosaurs are a group of huge, plant-eating dinosaurs that are known to have scales that became softer as they grew older) ®) Look-alikes 1. feathery, like a woodpecker’s 2. false (it was so named because its fossils were first found on a South African farm called Kangna Farm) 3.b 4.6 5. ichthyosaurs 6. false (it was so named because the name of the mountain in China where its fossils were first found means ‘horse mane’) 7,b 8.a @ Dinosaur family tree 1.b 2. yes 3. true 4a and b 5.aand b 6. true (it’s so named because it’s likely to have eaten amphibians) 7 false (it means ‘cross ankles: They were so named because of the way their ankle bones were arranged) 8.¢ @ Walking with dinosaurs 1.< 2.no 3.b 4, fale 5.0 6.b 7. false (Komodo dragons evolved about 4 million years ago, 61 million years after the dinosaurs became extinct) 8. b Pterosaurs 1. c 2. no (baby pterosaurs could fly naturally, soon after hatching) 3. false 4. no (they were probably covered in a layer of fuzz, and had scaly feet) 5.b 6. 7. Pterodactylus lif was Giseovered ini 1784 and,sincesthen: manypeopleihave used the word ‘pterodactyl’ to describe all kinds of pterosaurs. Scientists don’t use that word, though, as really there’s no such thing as a pterodactyl.) 8. false (their top speed was probably around 120kph (75mph)) 6) Sea creatures 1. no 2. true 3.b 4, false (crocodiles lived in the seas and in rivers during the time of the dinosaurs) 5. unborn babies 6.a 7. false (they died out before dinosaurs evolved) 8.aAnswers @) Nicknames 1.0 2.b 3.c 4irue S.true 6.¢ Zb Ba {it was given this nickname because of the sharpness of its teeth) @ Extinction 1. false (some people used to think this because fossil records show that the number of mammals rose as the number of dinosaurs fell, and scientists know that some mammals ate dinosaur eggs. It’s not likely that they would have eaten enough eggs to cause the extinction of all dinosaurs, though.) 2.b 3, true 4. true 5. true 6.b 7.aandc 8. fell Later megabeasts 1. no (there were around 13 types of mammoth) 2.b 3.b 4. no (giant-sized mammals started evolving about 15 million years after dinosaurs became extinct) 5.b 6. true 7. Chalicotherium had a face like a horse (b) claws like a sloth (a) and walked like a gorilla (c). 8. yes (it lived at the same time and in the same places as Woolly Mammoths) Making fossils 1. b 2. an insect 3. yes 4. quickly (there's less chance of it being eaten or decaying before it can become preserved) 5.b 6. yes 7, true (they give off radioactive particles, but not enough to cause any harm) 8, b Dino discoveries 1. false (teeth are most commonly found) 2,a 3.c 4.b 5. false (its fossils have only ever been found in North America) 6. true 7b 8.6 Record breakers 1. c (the longest tooth found so far is 30cm (12in) long) 2,a 3.b 4. true 5.a 6.a 7. true Bc Myths and legends 1. false 2. true 8.¢ 4.b 5. true 6.5 2b Ba44) True or false? 1. false (only one Gigantoraptor fossil has been found so far, so scientists don’t know whether it lived in groups) 2, false (it had fleshy pads of skin between its toes, which scientists once thought was webbing) 3. true 4, true 5. true 6. true 7. true 8. false (it means ‘vicious lizard’) (45) Yes or no? 1. no (but they can find out the dinosaur’s body temperature) 2. yes 3,no 4, yes, some scientists think that lice would have lived in the feathers of some dinosaurs 5.no 6, yes 7. yes (therizinosaurs did) 8. no, they were crisp and brittle like hens’ eggs 9. yes, some types of dinosaurs didn’t sit on their eggs to keep them warm but covered them with plants instead 10. no, they normally waved them in the air 11. yes, Maiasaura and Coelophysis fossils have been taken into space on NASA space shuttles 12. no 13. no 14, yes, sauropods and hadrosaurs are likely to have migrated short distances to warmer climates 15. yes, some scientists think that it used its tail in this way 16. no (scientists think that some dinosaurs could keep their body temperature warm even if their surroundings were cold) @ Odds and ends 1.b 2. yes 3.0 4.4 (it was 44cm (17in) long) 5. a (after the first Brontosaurus fossil was found and named, it was discovered that this fossil was actually an Apatosaurus) 6.b 7.b 8. true Box Questions What was the tallest dinosaur? Amphicoelias (the size of this giant dinosaur is based on a single fossil bone that has been lost since it was discovered in 1877, so some scientists think that Amphicoelias never actually existed. If it didn’t, the tallest dinosaur was probably Sauroposeidon.) Could any dinosaurs fly? Yes (it’s likely that a few feathered dinosaurs could fly) Which dinosaurs had tail clubs? ankylosaurs Which dinosaur had the longest teeth? Tyrannosaurus (the longest tooth found so far is 30cm (12in) long)