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FACTOR RESULT

Tongue placement or voicing can radically change pitch.

If you’re SHARP, open up the space in your mouth by voicing


“TOE”.

VOICING
If you are FLAT, you can raise the pitch by arching the tongue
and voicing “TEE”.

Increase air support and keep air direction forward.


Slow air can cause you to play SHARP.

AIR SUPPORT
Over-playing with fast air can cause you to play FLAT.
EMBOUCHURE If your embouchure is too tight, you will play SHARP.

STRENGTH If your corners are not firm enough, then you will play FLAT.

Warm temperatures will cause your pitch to go SHARP over


TEMPERATURE time.

Cold temperatures will cause your pitch to go FLAT over time.


Playing louder dynamics will cause you to play SHARP.

DYNAMICS
Playing softer dynamics will cause you to play FLAT.
Brass instruments use the overtone series to produce notes on
the instrument. Certain partials are relatively in tune while some
can cause a certain note you play to be sharp or flat.

OVERTONE 1st, 2nd,4th, 8th, 9th, 11th - No Pitch Problem

SERIES 3rd, 6th, 12th - SLIGHTLY SHARP


5th,10th - FLAT
7th- VERY FLAT

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