Why The Papaya will have Ulcer Spot or Dented Spot after Pluck from the Trees?

炭疽病 (Anthracnose)病原菌：Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penzig (無性世

代)Colletotrichum capsici (Syd.) E. J. Butler &Bisby (無性世代)Glomerella cingulata

(有性世代)病徵本病原菌可危害老葉、葉柄、果柄及果實，以成熟果實上之病
徵最明顯。果實病徵－果實成熟後，病徵初現時呈細小水浸狀斑點，繼而擴
大凹陷，病斑處凹陷，其上產生粉紅色黏狀孢子堆，病菌菌絲並可侵入果實
組織，造成組織變色、變軟，並散發異味，多數病斑融合後更加速果實腐爛 。
葉部病徵－病菌也可危害即將乾枯之老葉葉柄及葉片，在葉柄上形成圓形病
斑，其上密生暗色小黑點，為其孢子盤，使葉片提早乾枯掉落，葉柄上著生
之孢子，亦為重要之感染源。發病生態本病之病原菌常可自無任何病徵之葉
片上分離到，此等組織掉落後可產生分生孢子，應為本病的初次感染源，病
害主要靠雨水、霧水傳播。在高濕的環境下，病斑上產生多黑色稍突之小點，
由此溢出粉紅色黏狀物，為病原菌之分生孢子。雨水時分生孢子容易藉雨水
的飛濺與氣流的帶動傳播。本菌分生孢子藉雨水及風雨傳播，在降落果表後，
一遇適溫度及濕度 (游離水)，孢子即發芽形成發芽管，侵入表皮。感染任何
發育期的果實，若果實成熟或近成熟，則很快於果實上形成病斑，如果是仍
未成熟的幼果，病原菌停止生長，一直至果實成熟後，潛伏的病菌才生長造
成病斑，此為潛伏感染。防治方法1. 收集乾枯葉柄及病果燒毀降低感染源密
度或進行全果房套袋。2. 當木瓜有果實後, 每十天左右就要用(Azoxystrobin
23%SC) 亞托敏 23%水懸劑 防治 和 50%苯菌灵可湿性粉剂( Benomyl 50.0%
Racun Kulat Fungicides)等,同时也能防治茎腐病、根腐病,褐斑病和疫病

(Englisg Translation refer next slide).

Anthracnose pathogen: ( Fungus )

This pathogen can damage old leaves, petioles, fruit stalks and fruits , The most obvious symptoms are on mature fruits. Fruit
disease symptoms-after the fruit matures, the symptoms appear as small water-soaked spots at first, and then expand and
dent. The diseased spots are dented, and pink sticky spore piles are formed on them. The diseased hyphae can invade the fruit
tissues, causing the tissues to change color and change. It is soft and has a peculiar smell, and the fusion of most diseased spots
accelerates the fruit rot. Leaf disease symptoms-the pathogen can also damage old leaf stalks and leaves that are about to
wither, forming round diseased spots on the petioles with dense dark small black spots, which are spore discs, which make the
leaves dry and fall early, and the petioles are growing The spores are also an important source of infection. The pathogenic
bacteria of this disease can often be isolated from leaves without any symptoms. These tissues can produce conidia after falling,
which should be the primary source of infection of this disease.
The disease is mainly spread by rain and fog. In a high-humidity environment, there are many black and slightly protruding small
spots on the lesions, from which pink sticky substances overflow, which are the conidia of pathogenic bacteria.
Conidia are easily spread by rain splashes and air currents during rain. The conidia of this fungus are spread by rain and wind
and rain. After falling on the fruit surface, when encountering suitable temperature and humidity (free water), the spores
germinate to form germination tubes and invade the epidermis. Infects fruits at any developmental stage. If the fruits are
mature or nearly mature, disease spots will soon form on the fruits. If the young fruits are still immature, the pathogens will
stop growing. Until the fruits are mature, the latent pathogens will grow and cause diseases. Spot, this is a latent infection.
Control methods 1. Collect dried leaf stalks and burned diseased fruit to reduce the density of infection sources or carry out
bagging in the whole fruit house. 2. When the papaya has fruit, use (Azoxystrobin 23%SC) every ten days or so for the
prevention and treatment of 23% Atomin 23% suspension and 50% Benomyl 50.0% Racun Kulat Fungicides. It can also control
stem rot, root rot, brown spot and blight.
Organic Method of preventing
Anthracnose Fungus is to soak the
Papaya at 45C to 50 warm Water
for an Hour