OBJECTIVES:

• At the end of the session, the student should be able:

Define health care system

Discuss the factors affecting the health care system

OBJECTIVES:

Describe the Philippine HealthCare Delivery System

Discuss the structure, functions activities and programs of the

Department of Health

 discuss the application of nursing informatics in nursing

practice
HEALTH CARE SYSTEM

- an organized plan of health services (Miller-Keane, 1987)

HEALTH CARE DELIVERY

-rendering health care services to the people (Williams-Tungpalan, 1981).

HEALTH CARE DELIVERY SYSTEM (Williams-Tungpalan,
1981)
-the network of health facilities and personnel which
carries outthe task of rendering health care to the people.

PHILIPPINE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM

- is a complex set of organizations interacting to provide
an arrayof health services (Dizon, 1977).
HEALTH SYSTEM (TINIO, 2008)
• A health system comprises all organizations, institutions and
resources devoted to producing actions whose primary intent is
to improve health.

• The four essential functions of a health system have been

defined as:
 service provision,
 resource generation,
 financing
 stewardship
HEALTH CARE SYSTEM MODELS (TINIO, 2008)

- PRIVATE ENTERPRISE HEALTH CARE

- SOCIAL SECURITY HEALTH MODEL

- PUBLICLY FUNDED HEALTH CARE MODEL

- SOCIAL HEALTH INSURANCE
1. PRIVATE ENTERPRISE HEALTH CARE
MODEL

• Purely private enter rise health care systems are comparatively

rare.
• Where they exist, it is usually for a comparatively well-off
subpopulation in a poorer country with a poorer standard of
health care²for instance, private clinics for a small, wealthy
expatriate population in an otherwise poor country.
• But there are countries with a majority-private health care
system with residual public service
2. SOCIAL SECURITY HEALTH MODEL

• Where workers and their families are insured by the state

• refers to social welfare service concerned with social

protection, or protection against socially recognized conditions,
including poverty, old age, disability, unemployment and
others.
SOCIAL SECURITY HEALTH MODEL

• Social security may refer to:

social insurance, where people receive benefits or services in

recognition of contributions to an insurance scheme. These
services typically include provision for retirement pensions,
disability insurance, survivor benefits and unemployment
insurance.

income maintenance mainly the distribution of cash in the

event of interruption of employment, including retirement,
disability and unemployment
• services provided by administrations responsible for social
security. In different countries this may include medical care,
aspects of social work and even industrial relations.
3. PUBLICLY FUNDED HEALTH CARE MODEL

• Where the residents of the country are insured by the state

• Health care that is financed entirely or in majority part by

citizens' tax payments instead of through private payments
made to insurance companies or directly to health care
providers
SOCIAL HEALTH INSURANCE (TINIO, 2008)

• where the whole population or most of the population is

a member of a sickness insurance company

• (SHI) is a method for financing health care costs through

a social insurance program based on the collection of
funds contributed by individuals, employers, and
sometimes government subsidies
SOCIAL HEALTH INSURANCE

• characterized by the presence of sickness funds which usually

receive a proportional contribution of their members' wages.

• With this insurance contributions these funds pay medical

costs of their members

• Affiliation to such funds is usually based on professional,

geographic, religious/political and/or non-partisan criteria
 LEVELS OF HEALTH CARE FACILITIES (WILLIAMS-
TUNGPALAN, 1981)

1. PRIMARY LEVEL OF HEALTH CARE FACILITIES

- are the rural health units, their sub-centers, chest clinics,

malaria eradication units, and schistosomiasis control units
operated by the DOH; puericulture centers operated by
League of Puericulture Centers; tuberculosis clinics and
hospitals of the Philippine Tuberculosis.
• Society; private clinics, clinics operated by the Philippine
Medical Association; clinics operated by large industrial
firms for their employees; community hospitals and
health centers operated by the Philippine Medicare Care
Commission and other health facilities operated by
voluntary religious and civic groups (Williams-Tungpalan,
1981)
• 2. SECONDARY LEVEL OF HEALTH CARE FACILITIES

• are the smaller, non-departmentalized hospitals including

emergency and regional hospitals.

• Services offered to patients with symptomatic stages of

disease, which require moderately specialized knowledge
and technical resources for adequate treatment.
3. TERTIARY LEVEL OF HEALTH CARE FACILITIES

• are the highly technological and sophisticated services

offered by medical centers and large hospitals. These are the
specialized national hospitals.

• Services rendered at this level are for clients afflicted with

diseases which seriously threaten their health and which
require highly technical and specialized knowledge, facilities
and personnel to treat effectively (Williams- Tungpalan, 1981)
NURSING INFORMATICS

• is the specialty that integrates nursing science, computer

science, and information science in identifying, collecting,
proces sing, and managing data and information to
support nursing practice, administration, educa tion,
research and the expansion of nursing knowledge. - ANA,
1994
• Hebda (1998 p. 3), defines nursing informatics as "the use
of computers technology to support nursing, including
clinical practice, administration, education, and research.
• American Nurses Association (ANA) (1994) has defines
nursing informatics as "the development and evaluation
of applications, tools, processes, and structures which
assist nurses with the management of data in taking care
of patients or supporting the practice of nursing."
 APPLICATION OF NURSING INFORMATICS:
HEBDA (1998 P. 3)

• Nursing Informatics can be applied to all areas of nursing

practice, which include; clinical practice, administration,
education, and research. Below are some examples of
how nursing informatics, information technology and
computers, are used to support various areas of nursing
practice.
• Nursing Clinical Practice (Point-of-Care Systems and
Clinical Information Systems)

Work lists to remind staff of planned nursing

interventions
Computer generated client documentation
Electronic Medical Record (EMR) and Computer-Based
Patient Record (CPR)
• Monitoring devices that record vital signs and other
measurements directly into the client record (electronic
medical record)
• Computer - generated nursing care plans and critical
pathways
• Automatic billing for supplies or procedures with nursing
documentation
• Reminders and prompts that appear during
documentation to ensure comprehensive charting
• Nursing Administration (Health Care Information Systems)
Automated staff scheduling
E-mail for improved communication
Cost analysis and finding trends for budget purposes
Quality assurance and outcomes analysis
• Nursing Education

Computerized-assisted instruction
Interactive video technology
Computerized record-keeping
• Distance Learning-Web based courses and degree
programs
• Internet resources-CEU's and formal nursing courses and
degree programs
• Presentation software for preparing slides and handouts-
PowerPoint and MS Word
• Nursing Research

Computerized literature searching-CINAHL, Medline

and Web sources
The adoption of standardized language related to
nursing terms-NANDA, etc.
The ability to find trends in aggregate data, that is
data derived from large population groups-Statistical
Software, SPSS
REFERENCES
• Arenas, J. (n.d.). The Philippine Health Care Delivery System.
Retrieved from scribd: www.scribd.com/doc/33544041/The-
Philippine-Health-Care-Delivery-System

• Christine S. Tinio, M. M. (2008). Philippine Health Care System

2008. Retrieved from scribd:
https://www.scribd.com/doc/7342850/Philippine-Health-
Care-System-2008
• Hebda. (1998). Informatics in the Health Care Professions
Hardware, Software,and Roles of Support Personnel.