Gis Elk 04 PDF

Tripob Luangrattanacharoen, PPHV, 21 Feb 2013
Gas Insulated Switchgear ELK-04

Up to 170kV, 63kA, 4000A
© ABB Group
February 22, 2013 | Slide 1
Table of Content
 Essentials at a Glance
 Innovation by Tradition
 Merging of Portfolio
 Building Block System
 Functional Modules
 Combination of Modules
 Execution Examples
 Application Examples
© ABB Group
Essentials at a Glance (1)
Gas Insulated Switchgear and Circuit Breaker
Gas Insulated Switch- Air Insulated Switch-

gear 1- 52kV gear 52-550kV
Gas Insulated Switch- Circuit Breaker

gear 52-170kV Modules 52-800kV
Gas Insulated Switch- Generator Circuit

gear 245-1100kV Breaker
© ABB Group
Technical Data, Product Portfolio GIS
Sub-Transmission Transmission
52-170kV 245-1100kV
Type ELK-04 ELK-14 ELK-3 ELK-4 ELK-5
Three-,
Enclosure Three phase Single phase
Single phase
Rated Voltage (KV) 145/170 245/252/300 420/550 800 1100
Rated Power Frequency

275/325 460 650/740 960 1100
Withstand Voltage * (kV)
Rated Lightning Impulse
650/750 1050 1425/1550 2100 2400
Withstand Voltage* (kV)
Rated Normal Current (A) 2500/3150/4000 3150/4000 4000/6300 4000/5000 4000/6300
Rated Short Circuit Breaking

40/50/63 ** 50/63 63 50 50
Current, 3s (kA)
* Against earth, ** up to 145kV
© ABB Group
Modular, flexible Systems from 52-1100kV (Examples)
ELK-04 ELK-3
 Three phase  Single phase
 Up to 170kV,  Up to 550kV,
63kA, 4000A 63kA, 6300A
ELK-14 ELK-5
 Three- and  Single phase
single phase  Up to 1100kV,
 Up to 300kV, 50kA, 6300A
63kA, 4000A
Size of human
© ABB Group
Important Features
 Compact, Completely Encapsulated Active Parts

 No influence of environmental conditions
 Modular, flexible und volume optimized
 Minimum volume of insulating gas, high gas tightness
 Reliable function at high altitudes (> 1000m)
 High reliability and availability
 High Economic Efficiency
 Low life cycle - and maintenance costs
 Long economic life-time (> 40 years)
 Pre-fabricated, pre-tested - short project processing time
 Energy Efficient
 Flexible integration within center of power consumption
 Ideal solution for integration of renewables
 Intelligent secondary technology
 Integrated Technology
© ABB Group
ELK-04, the Reference from 52 - 170kV
Dreiphasig gekapselte Schaltanlagen
ELK-04  Completely three phase encapsulated
 Cross section
 Double bus-
 Continuous further development since market
bar bay up to launch in 1992
170kV, 50kA,  Complete bay fits in container
4000A  Worldwide experience under many different
conditions
 Already today integral part of hydro power plants
and offshore wind farms
 Many features protected by patents
ELK-04 The Reference up to 170kV

 Double bus-bar
bay 5
 Modules 4 Legend
1 Disconnecting and earthing switch (busbar)
3 2 Circuit breaker
1 3 Current transformer
6
2 4 Disconnecting and earthing switch (feeder)
5 Voltage transformer
7 6 Make-proof earthing switch
7 Cable exit
© ABB Group
Table of Content
© ABB Group
Tradition and Innovation (1)
Milestones from more than 40 Years of Experience
Pioneer & Leader in GIS-Technology

 1956 First research with SF6
 1965 First GIS, 110 kV
 1978 First GIS, 80 kA, 245/550 kV
 1992 First GIS, Container, 145 kV
 1997 First GIS, very compact, 123 kV
 1998 First GIS, 3-phase, 50kA, 170 kV
 2003 First GIS, 3-phase, 63kA, 145 kV
© ABB Group
Tradition and Innovation (2)
The Complete Story up to 170kV
ELK-01/02 EXK-01
1996 Introduction with 123kV, 2500A, 40kA

1978 Introduction, complete three phase design 2003 Upgrade to 145kV, 2500A
1980 Introduction ELK-02, modular design 2005 Upgrade to 145kV, 3150A/4000A
EBK-0 ELK-03 ELK-04
1992 Introduction with 170kV, 3150A, 40kA

1969 Introduction, three phase bus-bar 1986 Introduction 170kV, 40kA 1997 Upgrade to 50kA, 3150A
1973 Upgrade to 145kV, 2500A 1988 with self blast interrupter 2002 Upgrade to 63kA, 4000A 2007
1967 1977 1987 1997

© ABB Group
Table of Content
© ABB Group
Merging of Portfolio (1)
Consistent Further Development
Background
 GIS portfolio was continuously extended and improved since the
end of the Sixties.
 Until end of the year the 2007 ABB product portfolio covers the
ELK-04 (launched 1992) and the EXK-0 (launched 1996)
Consistent Further Development

 The initially different products have meanwhile evolved into a
highly standardized modular system.
 A great variety of technical requirements can be met with a small
number of modules (primary components and their operating
mechanisms)
Logical Consequence “Merging of Actual Portfolio”

 Due to consistent further development it is logical to incorporate
two nearly identical products into one common product.
© ABB Group
Phase out of Brand Name “EXK-0”
Phase out of Brand Name “EXK-0”

 End of 2007 ABB decided to phase out the brand name EXK-0
 Since 2009 the modular building block system is available under
the well-known brand name ELK-04.
 To cover the common product portfolio under the name of ELK-04,
all original type tests were repeated according to IEC 62271.
Important Information
 Extension of already installed substations with “EXK-0” equipment
(all variants) is still possible (and will be in future)
 Differentiation by flange diameter and by ratings (if needed)
Customer Benefit
 Requirements can be met with optimized layout (size and costs)
 Reduced spare part handling
© ABB Group
Differentiation based on Flange Diameter
Flange 735
Ik/kA
63
Flange diameter = 735mm, IN  3150A
(original ELK-04)
50
Flange 520
40
Flange diameter = 520mm, IN  2500A
(original EXK-01)
31.5
72.5 123 145 170

UR/kV
IN: maximum continuous current
© ABB Group
From Different Design to Common Design
Original Design (2 Products) New Common Design (1 Product)

ELK-04 ELK-04
• 170kV • 170kV
• 3150A • 4000A
• 40kA • 50/63kA
EXK-01 ELK-04
• 123kV • 145kV
• 2500A • 40kA
• 40kA
Left
• 2500A
Right
• 3150A
© ABB Group
Table of Content

© ABB Group
Building Block System (1)
Basic Idea of Modular Building Block Design
Example: Substation with DBB arrangement, 132kV, 40kA, 3150A bus-bar current,
all outgoing feeder with 2000A
3150A
2000A
Why use of modules with 3150A rating for outgoing feeder?

© ABB Group
Building Block System (2)
Typical Layouts (Double Bus-Bar Arrangement)
170kV, 4000A, 50kA 145kV, 3150A, 63kA
3200
2950
2550
2350
5325 4825
145kV, 3150A, 40kA 145kV, 2500A, 40kA

2900
2700
2350
2350
4300 3600
© ABB Group
Table of Content
© ABB Group
Functional Modules
 Circuit Breaker & Operating Mechanism

 Combined Disconnector and Earthing Switch
 Make-Proof Earthing Switch
 Cable End Unit, Gas-to-Air Bushings
 Current and Voltage Transformers
 Completion Modules, Gas Compartment System
 Control and Monitoring
© ABB Group
Functional Modules
Circuit Breaker (1)
Circuit Breaker Features
• 145kV, 40kA
3150A
• integrated CT  All ELK-04 circuit breakers are equipped with
self blast interrupters
- One interrupter unit per pole
- Minimum maintenance requirements
- Low amount of switching energy
- Enclosures with large and small flange
dimensions are available
 Current transformers (CT) can be integrated
into all flanges
 HMB operating mechanism is common for all
circuit breaker variants.
 Variants with single and triple pole operation
 Different switching duty cycles up to OCO-CO
without recharging
© ABB Group
Functional Modules
Circuit Breaker (2)
2 1 2 3
Legend Schematics
3
Left side Right side
1 1. Interrupter unit 1. Breaker closed
2. Current transformer 2. Interruption of operating
3. Barrier insulator currents
4. Operating mechanism 3. Interruption of short
circuit currents
© ABB Group
Functional Modules
Circuit Breaker Operating Mechanism (1)
Circuit Breaker Operating Mechanism Portfolio, 52-170kV
Circuit Breaker 50kA/63kA Circuit Breaker 40kA
Triple-pole Single-Pole Triple-pole Single-Pole
HMB-2 HMB-2s 1),2) HMB-1 HMB-1s1)
Stored energy without recharging

 OCO, CO-CO, OCO-CO for HMB-1 1) No mechanical linkage of interrupters
 OCO, CO-CO for HMB-2 2) only for 50kA
© ABB Group
Functional Modules
Storage module
Working cylinder
Charging
module
Change over valve
 HMB-1 operating mechanism for 40kA  HMB-1s operating mechanism for 40kA
 Three pole operation Application  Single pole operation
Demo
© ABB Group
Functional Modules
HMB-1
Triple pole
Features (Complete Family)
operation
 Highest power density in the market
 Modular design
 Easy and fast adaptation on new circuit
breaker applications
 Maintenance free
 High operating time consistency
 Long term stability
HMB-2
Control valves  Low noise level
 Low reaction forces
 Follow up product of successful AHMA-
mechanism family
More than 70.000 operating mechanisms

successfully in operation
© ABB Group
Functional Modules
Combined Disconnector and Earthing Switch (1)
Open view
Feeder side Features
 Two different types are available
- busbar side with 3 flanges
- feeder side with 4 flanges
 Same elements under high voltage.
 Disconnector and the earthing switch are
equipped with separate control units.
Schematics
Bus-bar side
3 Legend (schematics left side)

1. Three position switch
5 1 2. Disconnector contact
4 3. Earthing contact
2 4. Barrier insulator
5. Transverse assembly element
© ABB Group
Functional Modules
Combined Disconnector and Earthing Switch (2)
Mechanism on
feeder side Features of Operating Mechanism
 Standardized operating mechanism
Relays
 Ensures safe mechanical movement and
interlocking.
 Position indicators and auxiliary switches are
positively connected
 Manual operation of disconnector and
earthing switch with crank handle.
Open view
 No need to open the operating mechanism to
perform Translation
an interlocking
gear and
box a mechanical
operation.
 Note: Operating mechanism replaces all

other versions of operating mechanisms
© ABB Group
Functional Modules
Make-Proof Earthing Switch
Mechanical
routine test
Features
 Safely switch against full short circuit current
 Placement on the feeder side or on the bus-
bar side
 Effects of incorrect switching operation are
drastically reduced
 Equipped with spring operating mechanism to
ensure very fast switching.
Maximum security by full short circuit

current withstand capability
Legend (schematic left side)

3 1. Contact pin
4
2 2. Female contact
1 3. Insulation
4. Earthing connection
© ABB Group
Functional Modules
Cable End Unit
Plug-in dry Features
type cable
connection  Cable end units conform with IEC 62271-209
 Main elements of plug-in cable connections
- Plug-in sockets made of epoxy resin
- Cable connectors with pre-manufactured

stress-cones made of silicone rubber.
 Consistent separation of the switchgear
installation from the cable installation.
 All cable end units can optionally be equipped
Inlay of cable with
end unit
- HV detection system
type C
- Barrier insulator to separate the gas
compartment of the cable end unit
 Note: Separation of gas compartment makes

only sense in case of fluid filled cable end unit.
© ABB Group
Functional Modules
Gas-to-Air Bushings
Gas-to-air Features
bushing to
connect  Gas-to-air bushing allows the transition from
overhead lines encapsulated substation to overhead lines or
to transformers.
 Composite material bushings are
characterized by a
 Fiber-reinforced supporting bus duct
 Made of epoxy resin with vulcanized

shields, realized by silicone rubber.
 Fail-safe, explosion-proof and easy to
handle
 Hydrophobic insulation material which
show an excellent pollution layer
characteristic.
 Upon request, classical bushings with
porcelain insulation can also be provided.
© ABB Group
Functional Modules
Voltage Transformers
Typical voltage Features
transformer of
type VT2  Voltage transformers are located in a single
enclosure
 Separated from the residual part of the bay
with a barrier insulator.
 The primary sided insulation is provided by
SF6-gas
 Variants with ferro-resonance damping and
with integrated isolation device available as
well
Schematics 3
5 Legend (schematic left side)
2
1. Primary sided winding
1 2. Secondary sided windings with cores
3. Terminal boxes
4. Barrier insulator
5. Multiple bushing disk
4
© ABB Group
Functional Modules
Current Transformers
3 Legend (schematic left side)

6 1. Primary sided winding
2. Secondary sided windings with cores
1 3. Terminal boxes
2 4. Barrier insulator
4 5. Support insulator
5 6. Multiple bushing disk
© ABB Group
Functional Modules
Completion Modules
Bus ducts and
 A complete configuration of a substation may
angle pieces
require different completion modules. These
are mainly:
- Adapters (mainly to extend phased out
products)
- Bus ducts (up to 6m) and angle pieces
- T- and cross pieces with enclosures

which are identical with disconnector
modules
Three phase
transformer - Transformer direct connections
connection
- Surge arrester to protected overvoltage
sensitive components (transformers)
 Modules are equipped with support- or barrier
insulators.
 Plug-in and tulip contacts serve for to connect
of the conductors.
© ABB Group
Functional Modules
Gas Compartment System
Gas pressure
relay
 Gas compartments are partitioned by barrier
insulators.
 Gas pressure is monitored by temperature
compensated relays.
 Gas compartments are equipped with a non-
return valve, thus taking gas samples or
refilling of SF6-gas can be performed without
any problems.
Barrier
Insulator
 Note: For reasons of occupational safety and

environment protection, ABB does neither
offer nor deliver any external gas piping,
neither for permanent nor for temporary use.
© ABB Group
Functional Modules
Control and Monitoring (1)
LCC with
digital control Main Components
and monitoring
 Local control cabinet (LCC) with
- Classical wired control & protection
- Digital control and protection
- Monitoring functions
 Control cables with coded heavy duty

connectors
 Connection to
- Station control centre
- Control devices (e.g. gas density relay),
operating mechanisms
© ABB Group
Functional Modules
Digital Control based on IEC 61850
© ABB Group
Functional Modules
HMI of digital
control device Digital Control and Protection
 Several digital control and protection devices
are available, configurable according to the
desired control and protection philosophy.
 Single line diagram with position indicators
and control buttons is replaced by a digital
human-machine interface (HMI).
 Digital control devices provide the same
functions as conventional control technology.
 Additional control and protection functions:
- Synchro-check
- Auto re-closing
- Operating frequency supervision
- Fault recorder
- Backup protection
© ABB Group
Functional Modules
Architecture of Monitoring System based on IEC 61850

Optional monitoring devices Ethernet Switch Monitoring PC
Station wide
Communication IEC 61850
Circuit breaker
data acquisition
Data acquisition
with bay controller
© ABB Group
Functional Modules
Function Condition Process Data Applies to
Lifetime/Maintenance Operation Counter, Time

Operation counter All switching devices
scheduling since last maintenance
Operating mechanism Mechanical failures or Moving and Reaction

All switching devices
condition malfunction time
Contact wear caused by Fault current,
Contact wear estimation Circuit breaker
fault clearing arcing time
Leakages, Pump motor Pump starts, Circuit breaker operating
Pump condition
failures oil fill level mechanism
SF6-density
Leakages of gas
measurement & trend SF6-density Gas compartments
compartment
calculation
Arc detection Internal flash-over Optical arc detection Gas compartments
Partial discharge Partial discharge UHF Gas compartments
Device supervision (self
Device malfunction Watchdog signal All electronic devices
supervision)
© ABB Group
Table of Content
© ABB Group
Combination of Modules
Example: DBB Arrangement for 145kV, 40kA, 3150A
Single line Disconnecting/ Earthing Voltage

Switch Transformer
Flange diameter
Flange diameter 520mm
735mm
Make Proof
Earthing Switch
Cable End Unit

Control
(IEC)
Cubicle
Barrier Insulator
Circuit Breaker Integrated Current
Disconnecting/ Earthing Transformer
Switch
© ABB Group
Table of Content
© ABB Group
Execution Examples
Double Busbar Arrangements (1)
Double Bus-bar Arrangement

 Common for important key-point substations,
power plant feed-in etc.
 If both busbars are operated with the same
priority the principle of busbar separation can
be applied to reduce the short circuit current.
 Both busbars and their feeders are part of
separate sub-grids.
 Different coupling variants show a wide range
of applications:
- Simple bus coupling
- Combined sectionalizing and bus
coupling with six or eight disconnector
switches.
- Double disconnector switches allow even
subsequent high-voltage tests after
station extensions or maintenance during
partially normal operation.
© ABB Group
Execution Examples
Double Busbar Arrangements (2)
1½-breaker arrangement
 The 1½-breaker arrangement is a traditional
circuitry
 Especially the non availability of the circuit-
breaker during maintenance is taken into
consideration.
 Grids or substations are usually operated in
such a way that all switches are closed.
 Each feeder is then fed from two sides, so
that even a faulty busbar can be switched off
without any outage.
© ABB Group
Execution Examples
Single Busbar Arrangements (1)
Single Busbar Arrangement

 Smaller substations or single-feed stations
are frequently designed with single busbar
arrangement.
 Layout of a substation with single busbar
arrangement is similar to that of a double
busbar one’s.
 Either the lower or upper busbar is not
applicable.
 Single busbar arrangement can later be
upgraded to a double busbar arrangement,
© ABB Group
Execution Examples
Single Busbar Arrangements (2)
H-Busbar Arrangement
 H-busbar arrangement is often used to
supply industrial enterprises or smaller
regions.
 With respect to supply reliability two feeding
lines and two step-down transformers are
optimal.
 The station can be operated as a double-feed
station, with closed cross connection as a
ring substation as well.
 If a subsequent extension of the substation is
under consideration, a layout with single
busbar and section coupling is selected.
 Later, this substation can be upgraded to
double busbar arrangement and bus
coupling.
© ABB Group
Execution Examples
Substation Examples (3)
Double busbar 1½-breaker
arrangements arrangement
Single busbar Ring busbar

arrangement arrangement
© ABB Group
Table of Content
© ABB Group
Application Examples (1)
Advantageous Applications
Compact, High Power Density, no Influence of
Environmental Conditions
 Heavy duty ratings (63 kA / 4000 A) at minimum
gas volume
USA
Las Vegas,  Outdoor installation without influence of
nearby Bellagio environment
Ideal solution for Integration of Renewables

 Hydro power plants
 Offshore wind farms
Switzerland  Support of energy management by intelligent
Elgisau, secondary technology
nearby water
fall Rhine river
© ABB Group
Flexible Integration in Buildings in Centre of
Power Consumption
 Compact design, not visible
Abu Dhabi  Fully encapsulated active parts
Integrated in
shopping center
Container Substation, Short Delivery Times

 Movable container substation for temporary energy
demand and for industrial applications
Greece
Athena,
Olympic Games
2004
© ABB Group
Harsh Environmental Conditions
 Fully encapsulated active parts
 Outdoor installation without influence of
USA environment
Texas
Refinery
Flexible Integration in Buildings in Centre of

Power Consumption
 Compact design, not visible
 Fully encapsulated active parts
Germany
Heidelberg
Old Part of the
City
© ABB Group
© ABB Group

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Tripob Luangrattanacharoen, PPHV, 21 Feb 2013

Gas Insulated Switchgear ELK-04

Gas Insulated Switch- Air Insulated Switch-

Gas Insulated Switch- Circuit Breaker

Gas Insulated Switch- Generator Circuit

Type ELK-04 ELK-14 ELK-3 ELK-4 ELK-5

Rated Voltage (KV) 145/170 245/252/300 420/550 800 1100

Rated Power Frequency

Rated Normal Current (A) 2500/3150/4000 3150/4000 4000/6300 4000/5000 4000/6300

Rated Short Circuit Breaking

 Compact, Completely Encapsulated Active Parts

ELK-04 The Reference up to 170kV

Pioneer & Leader in GIS-Technology

1996 Introduction with 123kV, 2500A, 40kA

EBK-0 ELK-03 ELK-04

1992 Introduction with 170kV, 3150A, 40kA

1967 1977 1987 1997

Consistent Further Development

Logical Consequence “Merging of Actual Portfolio”

Phase out of Brand Name “EXK-0”

72.5 123 145 170

Original Design (2 Products) New Common Design (1 Product)

 Building Block System

Why use of modules with 3150A rating for outgoing feeder?

170kV, 4000A, 50kA 145kV, 3150A, 63kA

145kV, 3150A, 40kA 145kV, 2500A, 40kA

 Circuit Breaker & Operating Mechanism

Circuit Breaker Operating Mechanism Portfolio, 52-170kV

Circuit Breaker 50kA/63kA Circuit Breaker 40kA

Triple-pole Single-Pole Triple-pole Single-Pole

HMB-2 HMB-2s 1),2) HMB-1 HMB-1s1)

Stored energy without recharging

More than 70.000 operating mechanisms

3 Legend (schematics left side)

 Note: Operating mechanism replaces all

Maximum security by full short circuit

Legend (schematic left side)

- Cable connectors with pre-manufactured

 Note: Separation of gas compartment makes

 Made of epoxy resin with vulcanized

3 Legend (schematic left side)

- T- and cross pieces with enclosures

 Note: For reasons of occupational safety and

 Control cables with coded heavy duty

Digital Control based on IEC 61850

Architecture of Monitoring System based on IEC 61850

Function Condition Process Data Applies to

Lifetime/Maintenance Operation Counter, Time

Operating mechanism Mechanical failures or Moving and Reaction

Single line Disconnecting/ Earthing Voltage

Cable End Unit

Double Bus-bar Arrangement

Single Busbar Arrangement

Single busbar Ring busbar

Ideal solution for Integration of Renewables

Abu Dhabi  Fully encapsulated active parts

Container Substation, Short Delivery Times

Flexible Integration in Buildings in Centre of

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