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Unit
CHEMIS
16
TRY IN
CHEMISTRY
EVERYDAY LIFE
EVERYDA
6. Salvarsan is arsenic containing drug which was first used for the treatment of
____________.
(i) syphilis
(ii) typhoid
(iii) meningitis
(iv) dysentry
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
15. Which of the following is not a target molecule for drug function in body?
(i) Carbohydrates
(ii) Lipids
(iii) Vitamins
(iv) Proteins
16. Which of the following statements is not true about enzyme inhibitors?
(i) Inhibit the catalytic activity of the enzyme.
(ii) Prevent the binding of substrate.
(iii) Generally a strong covalent bond is formed between an inhibitor and
an enzyme.
(iv) Inhibitors can be competitive or non-competitive.
17. Which of the following chemicals can be added for sweetening of food items at
cooking temperature and does not provide calories?
(i) Sucrose
(ii) Glucose
(iii) Aspartame
(iv) Sucrolose
18. Which of the following will not enhance nutritional value of food?
(i) Minerals
(ii) Artificial sweeteners
(iii) Vitamins
(iv) Aminoacids
19. Which of the following statements are incorrect about receptor proteins?
(i) Majority of receptor proteins are embedded in the cell membranes.
(ii) The active site of receptor proteins opens on the inside region of the cell.
(iii) Chemical messengers are received at the binding sites of receptor
proteins.
(iv) Shape of receptor doesn’t change during attachment of messenger.
(ii) CHI3
(iii) Boric acid
(iv) 0.3 ppm aqueous solution of Cl2
(ii) Brompheniramine
(iii) Terfenadine
(iv) Cimetidine
28. Veronal and luminal are derivatives of barbituric acid which are __________.
(i) Tranquilizers
(ii) Non-narcotic analgesic
(iii) Antiallergic drugs
(iv) Neurologically active drugs
65. With the help of an example explain how do tranquilizers control the feeling of
depression?
67. What are fillers and what role these fillers play in soap?
69. Pickles have a long shelf life and do not get spoiled for months, why?
72. Name two α-amino acids which form a dipeptide which is 100 times more
sweet than cane sugar?
74. Sodium salts of some acids are very useful as food preservatives. Suggest a
few such acids.
77. What happens when the bond formed between an enzyme and an inhibitor is
a strong covalent bond?
78. Match the medicines given in Column I with their use given in Column II.
Column I Column II
(i) Ranitidine (a) Tranquilizer
(ii) Furacine (b) Antibiotic
(iii) Phenelzine (c) Antihistamine
(iv) Chloramphenicol (d) Antiseptic
(e) Antifertility drug
79. Match the soaps given in Column I with items given in Column II.
Column I Column II
(i) Soap chips (a) dried miniature soap bubbles
(ii) Soap granules (b) small broken pieces of soap formed from
melted soaps
(iv) Scouring soap (d) soap powder + builders like Na2CO3 and
Na3PO4
80. Match structures given in Column I with the type of detergents given in Column II.
Column I Column II
(i) CH3(CH2)16COO(CH2CH2O)nCH2CH2OH (a) Cationic detergent
–
(ii) C17H35 COO Na + (b) Anionic detergent
– +
(iii) CH3—(CH2)10CH2 SO3 Na (c) Nonionic detergent
81. Match the detergents given in Column I with their uses given in Column II.
Column I Column II
– +
(iii) C17H35COONa + Na2CO3 + Rosin (c) Hair conditioners
82. Match the class of compounds given in Column I with their functions given in
Column II.
Column I Column II
(i) Antagonists (a) Communicate message between
two neurons and that between
neurons to muscles
(ii) Agonists (b) Bind to the receptor site and inhibit its
natural function
(iii) Chemical messenger (c) Crucial to body’s communication
process
(iv) Inhibitors (d) Mimic the natural messenger
(v) Receptors (e) Inhibit activities of enzymes.
83. Match the classes of drugs given in Column I with their action given in
Column II.
Column I
T Column II
ER
(i) Analgesics (a) Inhibit the growth of
microorganisms can be given orally.
(ii) Antiseptics (b) Treatment of stress
C
(i) Assertion and reason both are correct statement but reason does not
explain assertion.
(ii) Assertion and reason both are correct and reason explains the assertion.
(iii) Both assertion and reason are wrong statement.
(iv) Assertion is correct statement reason is wrong statement.
(v) Assertion is wrong statement reason is correct statement.
87. Assertion : Enzymes have active sites that hold substrate molecule for a
chemical reaction.
Reason : Drugs compete with natural substrate by attaching covalently
to the active site of enzyme.
95. Assertion : All chemicals added to food items are called food preservatives.
Reason : All these chemicals increase the nutritive value of the food.
96. Assertion : Preservative are added to food items.
Reason : Preservatives inhibit the growth of microorganisms.
97. Assertion : Artificial sweeteners are added to the food to control the intake
of calories.
Reason : Most of the artificial sweeteners are inert and do not
metabolise in the body.
ANSWERS
I. Multiple Choice Questions (Type-I)
23. (i), (ii) 24. (i), (ii), (iii) 25. (iii), (iv) 26. (ii), (iv)
27. (i), (iv) 28. (i), (iv) 29. (i), (iv) 30. (i), (iii), (iv)
31. ~100–500u.
32. Medicines are used in diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diseases.
33. Antiseptics are chemicals which either kill or prevent the growth of
microorganisms and are applied to living tissues.
34. Antiseptics, antibiotics and disinfectants.
35. Receptors are embedded in cell membrane.
36. Ulcer development in stomach.
37. Sites different from active site of enzyme where a molecule can bind and
affect the active site is called allosteric site. Some drugs may also bind at
this site.
38. Ionic bonding, hydrogen bonding, van der Waals interaction, dipole-dipole
interaction.
39. Arsphenamine possesses —As===As— linkage that resembles —N===N—
linkages in azodyes.
40. Tranquilizers
41. Aspirin prevents platelet coagulation and thus has antiblood clotting
action therefore can prevent blood clogging in heart.
42. See page no. 444 of NCERT textbook for Class XII.
43. These are potassium salts of fatty acids.
44. Acid-base titration can be used to determine the excess amount of alkali
in soap. The excess alkali left after hydrolysis of oil can be the source of
alkalinity in soap.
45. Detergents persist in water even after sewage treatment and cause foaming
in river water.
Exemplar Problems, Chemistry 240
49.
71. Sucrolose
72. Aspartic acid and phenylalanine.
73. In cold foods and soft drinks.
74. Benzoic acid, sorbic acid, propanoic acid.
75. Hint : For answer see page no. 441 of NCERT textbook for Class XII.
76. Hint : For answer see page no. 442 of NCERT textbook for Class XII.
77. Hint : For answer see page no. 442 of NCERT textbook for Class XII.