New approach refines the Hubble's constant and age of universe -- Scie... https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/07/200727114724.

htm

Follow Subscribe

Your source for the latest research news New: Early Mars Covered in Ice Sheets, Not Rivers?

Science News from research organizations

New approach refines the Hubble's constant Most Popular this week
and age of universe
SPACE & TIME

Date: July 27, 2020 Early Mars Was

Covered in Ice Sheets,
Source: University of Oregon Not Flowing Rivers,
Researchers Say
Summary: Using known distances of 50 galaxies from Earth to refine cal-
culations in Hubble's constant, astronomers estimates the age New Approach
of the universe at 12.6 billion years. Refines the Hubble's
Constant and Age of
Universe
Share:
Mars 2020
Perseverance Rover
FULL STORY Mission to Red Planet
Successfully
Launched

MATTER & ENERGY

The Best (and Worst) Materials for

Masks

The Best Material for Homemade

Face Masks May Be a Combination
of Two Fabrics

The Problem With Microwaving Tea

COMPUTERS & MATH

Simulating Quantum 'Time Travel'

Disproves Butterfly Effect in
Quantum Realm

Quadriplegics Can Operate

Powered Wheelchair With Tongue
Drive System

Room Temperature
Andromeda Galaxy (stock image). Superconductivity Creeping Toward
Possibility
Credit: © passmil198216 / stock.adobe.com
Strange & Offbeat
Using known distances of 50 galaxies from Earth to refine
calculations in Hubble's constant, a research team led by a SPACE & TIME

NASA's Maven Observes Martian

1/5 7.8.2020 klo 18.47

New approach refines the Hubble's constant and age of universe -- Scie... https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/07/200727114724.htm

University of Oregon astronomer estimates the age of the Night Sky Pulsing in
Ultraviolet Light
universe at 12.6 billion years.

Approaches to date the Big Bang, which gave birth to the universe, rely on Hubble Uses Earth as Proxy for
mathematics and computational modeling, using distance estimates of the Identifying Oxygen on Potentially
Habitable Exoplanets
oldest stars, the behavior of galaxies and the rate of the universe's expan-
sion. The idea is to compute how long it would take all objects to return to Researchers Use InSight for Deep
the beginning. Mars Measurements

A key calculation for dating is the Hubble's constant, named after Edwin MATTER & ENERGY
Hubble who first calculated the universe's expansion rate in 1929. Another Why Shaving Dulls Even the
recent technique uses observations of leftover radiation from the Big Bang. It Sharpest of Razors
maps bumps and wiggles in spacetime -- the cosmic microwave back-
New Class of Laser Beam Doesn't
ground, or CMB -- and reflects conditions in the early universe as set by Follow Normal Laws of Refraction
Hubble's constant.
Chemists Create the Brightest-Ever
However, the methods reach different conclusions, said James Schombert, Fluorescent Materials
a professor of physics at the UO. In a paper published July 17 in the
COMPUTERS & MATH
Astronomical Journal, he and colleagues unveil a new approach that recali-
brates a distance-measuring tool known as the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation Spray-on Clear Coatings for
independently of Hubble's constant. Cheaper Smart Windows

"The distance scale problem, as it is known, is incredibly difficult because How Thoughts Could One Day
Control Electronic Prostheses,
the distances to galaxies are vast and the signposts for their distances are Wirelessly
faint and hard to calibrate," Schombert said.
Blackjack: Can a Quantum Strategy
Schombert's team recalculated the Tully-Fisher approach, using accurately Help Bring Down the House?
defined distances in a linear computation of the 50 galaxies as guides for
measuring the distances of 95 other galaxies. The universe, he noted, is
ruled by a series of mathematical patterns expressed in equations. The new
approach more accurately accounts for the mass and rotational curves of
galaxies to turn those equations into numbers like age and expansion rate.

His team's approach determines the Hubble's constant -- the universe's ex-
pansion rate -- at 75.1 kilometers per second per megaparsec, give or take
2.3. A megaparsec, a common unit of space-related measurements, is equal
to one million parsecs. A parsec is about 3.3 light years.

All Hubble's constant values lower than 70, his team wrote, can be ruled out
with 95 percent degree of confidence.

Traditionally used measuring techniques over the past 50 years, Schombert

said, have set the value at 75, but CMB computes a rate of 67. The CMB
technique, while using different assumptions and computer simulations,
should still arrive at the same estimate, he said.

"The tension in the field occurs from the fact that it does not," Schombert
said. "This difference is well outside the observational errors and produced a
great deal of friction in the cosmological community."

Calculations drawn from observations of NASA's Wilkinson Microwave

Anisotropy Probe in 2013 put the age of the universe at 13.77 billion years,
which, for the moment, represents the standard model of Big Bang cosmol-
ogy. The differing Hubble's constant values from the various techniques gen-

2/5 7.8.2020 klo 18.47

New approach refines the Hubble's constant and age of universe -- Scie... https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/07/200727114724.htm

erally estimate the universe's age at between 12 billion and 14.5 billion
years.

The new study, based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space
Telescope, adds a new element to how calculations to reach Hubble's con-
stant can be set, by introducing a purely empirical method, using direct ob-
servations, to determine the distance to galaxies, Schombert said.

"Our resulting value is on the high side of the different schools of cosmology,
signaling that our understanding of the physics of the universe is incomplete
with the hope of new physics in the future," he said.

Story Source:

Materials provided by University of Oregon. Original written by Jim Barlow.

Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

Journal Reference:

1. James Schombert, Stacy McGaugh, Federico Lelli. Using the Baryonic

Tully–Fisher Relation to Measure Ho. The Astronomical Journal, 2020;
160 (2): 71 DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/ab9d88

Cite This Page:

MLA APA Chicago

University of Oregon. "New approach refines the Hubble's constant and age
of universe." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 27 July 2020. <www.sci-
encedaily.com/releases/2020/07/200727114724.htm>.

RELATED STORIES

Oldest Galaxy Protocluster Forms 'Queen's Court'

Sep. 27, 2019 — Astronomers have discovered a collection of 12 galaxies
which existed about 13.0 billion years ago. One of the 12 galaxies is a giant
object, known as Himiko, which was named for a mythological queen ...

MUSE Probes Uncharted Depths of Hubble Ultra Deep Field

Nov. 29, 2017 — Astronomers using the MUSE instrument on ESO's Very
Large Telescope in Chile have conducted the deepest spectroscopic survey
ever. They focused on the Hubble Ultra Deep Field, measuring distances
and ...

The Universe Is Expanding Even Faster Than Expected

June 2, 2016 — Hubble Space Telescope astronomers have discovered that
the universe is expanding 5-9% percent faster than expected. They made
the discovery by refining the universe's current expansion rate to ...

3/5 7.8.2020 klo 18.47

New approach refines the Hubble's constant and age of universe -- Scie... https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/07/200727114724.htm

'Fossils' of Galaxies Reveal the Formation and Evolution of Massive

Galaxies
Sep. 25, 2015 — Astronomers have observed massive dead galaxies in the
universe 4 billion years after the Big Bang. They discovered that the stellar
content of these galaxies is strikingly similar to that of massive ...

FROM AROUND THE WEB

Below are relevant articles that may interest you. ScienceDaily shares links
with scholarly publications in the TrendMD network and earns revenue from
third-party advertisers, where indicated.

Ongoing Research Efforts in Metastatic Ocular Melanoma Could Shift

Paradigm
The Doctor's Channel, 2020

Management of Renal Carcinoma During Pregnancy

The Doctor's Channel, 2019

Dr. Kudchadkar on the Biological Differences Between Ocular and

Cutaneous Melanoma
The Doctor's Channel, 2020

Checkpoint Toxicities Tied to Better Outcomes in Melanoma

The Doctor's Channel, 2020

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Type, Dose Influence Risk for AEs in

Melanoma
The Doctor's Channel

Adjuvant Therapy Transforms Treatment in Advanced Melanoma

The Doctor's Channel, 2020

Critical Assessment and Diagnostic Strategies for HFpEF: A Stepwise

Approach for the Cardiovascular Clinician
Javed Butler et al., myCME, 2019

Effect of Anti-Angiogenesis/Immunotherapy Combo in Poor-Risk RCC

The Doctor's Channel, 2019

Powered by

I consent to the use of Google Analytics and related cookies across the TrendMD net-

work (widget, website, blog).

Yes No

4/5 7.8.2020 klo 18.47

New approach refines the Hubble's constant and age of universe -- Scie... https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/07/200727114724.htm

Free Subscriptions

Get the latest science news with ScienceDaily's free email newsletters,
updated daily and weekly. Or view hourly updated newsfeeds in your RSS
reader:

Email Newsletters

RSS Feeds

Follow Us

Keep up to date with the latest news from ScienceDaily via social networks:

Facebook

Twitter

LinkedIn

Have Feedback?

Tell us what you think of ScienceDaily -- we welcome both positive and

negative comments. Have any problems using the site? Questions?

Leave Feedback

Contact Us

About This Site | Staff | Reviews | Contribute | Advertise | Privacy Policy | Editorial Policy | Terms of Use

Copyright 2020 ScienceDaily or by other parties, where indicated. All rights controlled by their respective owners.
Content on this website is for information only. It is not intended to provide medical or other professional advice.
Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily, its staff, its contributors, or its partners.
Financial support for ScienceDaily comes from advertisements and referral programs, where indicated.
— GDPR: Privacy Settings —

5/5 7.8.2020 klo 18.47