STUDENT BOOK

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ISBN: 978-0-07-717956-4
 Student Book

Module 2: Theme Opener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

UNIT 4 Families . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
UNIT 5 Friends. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
UNIT 6 People in the Community . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
Use What You Know 4-6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Workbook

Module 2
Unit 4 Families
Vocabulary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Grammar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20–21
Conversation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23–24
Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Unit 5 Friends
Vocabulary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Grammar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26–27
Conversation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29–30
Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Unit 6 People in the Community

Vocabulary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Grammar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32–33
Conversation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35–36
Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Photo Credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

 4 | Families

5 | Friends

6 | People in the
Community

What is important in your life?

Look at the picture. Read the unit

topics and answer the questions.
• What do you think is important to
these two teens?
• What do you like to do online?
• What is most important to you—
friends, family, possessions,
causes, or experiences?

34 UNIT 4
CAN DO statements
After the next three units, you will be
able to . . .
• talk about the people in your family.
• describe yourself and your friends.
• talk about the people in your community
and the jobs they do.
UNIT 4 35
 UNIT 4 Families In this unit, I will learn to . . .
• talk about the people in my family.
• ask and answer questions with the
verb have.
1I Get Ready • predict what I am going to hear.

What activities do you like to do with your family?

A. Look at the people in the pictures. What family members do they show? Listen to the
audio.

Work with a partner. Ask and answer

B. Listen again and circle T for True or F for this question about the text.
False. Correct the false statements.
What’s special about Pinja’s
1. Jody has a small family. T  F
sister?

2. Pinja has a twin sister. T  F She is Pinja’s . . .

Ask and answer questions about

3. Fariz lives in Malaysia. T  F your family.

Do you have any brothers or sisters?

4. Luis has a brother and sister. T  F Who are the other people in your family?

I have . . .

36 UNIT 4
2I Vocabulary

A. Listen to the audio and read along. Guess the meaning of the words in bold.
Khalid made a family tree. A family tree shows the relationships between people in a family. Khalid’s
grandfather and grandmother, Mohamed and Rabiya, are at the top of the tree. Khalid has a brother
and a twin sister. Their names are Ali and Ayesha. They are at the bottom of the tree. Khalid’s cousin,
Basim, is at the bottom too. His picture is underneath Khalid’s uncle, Barak and aunt Aaliyah. Khalid’s
father is Mustapha. He’s married to Habiba. She isn’t Khalid’s mother—she’s his stepmother. They are a
big, happy family.

Word Box
aunt
brother
cousin
father
grandfather
grandmother
mother
sister
stepfather
stepmother
twins
uncle

B. Choose the correct words from the box to show their relationship to Khalid.
1. Ali is Khalid’s . 5. Rabiya is Khalid’s .

2. Ayesha is Khalid’s . 6. Barak is Khalid’s .

3. Habiba is Khalid’s . 7. Basim is Khalid’s .

4. Aaliyah is Khalid’s . 8. Mohamed is Khalid’s .

C. Circle the correct word.

1. My parents are my mother and (brother / father).
2. My (grandmother / aunt) is my mother’s sister.
3. My father’s brother is my (uncle / cousin).
4. My aunt and uncle have a son. He is my (cousin / brother).
5. My (uncle / grandfather) is my mother’s father.
6. My mother is married to my (stepfather / stepmother).
UNIT 4 37
3I Grammar

The verb Have

I have one sister. I don’t have a brother.
She has two uncles. She doesn’t have an aunt.
Do you have a grandmother? Does she have a twin?

Use the verb have to talk about people in your family.

A. In pairs, look at the pictures and describe these families.

She has three sisters. I have a big family.

B. Write affirmative (+) and negative (-) sentences or questions (?) with have.
1. + (he / three brothers)

2. − (she / a grandfather)

3. ? (you / two sisters)

4. + (I / a stepfather)

5. − (you / a twin)

6. ? (she / five cousins)

Quantitative Expressions
Use any before plural nouns in questions and negatives.
To talk about a large number, use a lot of / lots of.

Examples: Do you have any cousins? Yes, I have a lot of cousins!

Does he have a twin? No, he doesn’t have any brothers or sisters.

Quantifiers Affirmatives Negatives Questions

any ✓ ✓
a lot of / lots of ✓ ✓ ✓
For grammar reference, go to Grammar Appendix.
38 UNIT 4
C. Choose the correct word.
1. I have (lots of / any) cousins. 4. Does she have (lots / any) grandparents?
No, she doesn’t.
2. Do you have (any / a lot) brothers?
Yes, I have one. 5. We don’t have (any / lots) cats.
My mom doesn’t like animals.
3. He has (any / a lot of) stepbrothers.
6. She doesn’t have (any / a lot) sisters.

D. Complete the sentences. Sometimes there is more than one correct answer.
1. Do you have brothers and sisters? 4. Does he have stepsisters?

2. I don’t have brothers and sisters, 5. We have aunts and uncles!

but I have cousins. My mother has four sisters, and my father has
two sisters and three brothers.
3. She comes from a big family. She has
brothers and sisters. 6. They don’t have grandparents.

Question words: How many and Who

To ask for more information about family, we can

use How many to ask about numbers. The question
word who asks for a name or relationship. Use How
many with a noun. Use Who with the verb be.

How many sisters do you have?

Who is your favorite cousin?

E. Complete the conversations.

1. people are in the picture?
There are four people.
With a partner, ask and answer questions
2. is the woman in the picture? about your families.
She’s the mother.
Do you have any brothers
3. is the man? or sisters?
He’s the father.
Yes, I have two brothers
4. children do they have? and one sister.
They have one boy and one girl.
How many cousins do you
5. people are in your family? have?
There are five.

6. is that girl? I have . . .

She’s my cousin.

UNIT 4 39
4I Listening Listening Strategy:
Predict

Before Listening Before you listen, look at the pictures. Ask questions
about the pictures. Think of possible answers. Then
A. Look at the pictures. What family members listen and check to see if you are right.
do they show? What are they doing?

B. Listen to the audio and circle T for True or F for False.

1. It is Romek’s birthday. T  F
2. Romek is nine years old. T  F
3. There is a cake on the table. T  F
4. Monika’s grandfather has flowers for Romek. T  F
5. Tae-yong’s family is on vacation. T  F
6. Tae-yong has a brother and a sister. T  F
7. Yumi is Tae-yong’s cousin. T  F
8. Tae-yong’s aunt is in the picture. T  F

After Listening
C. Bring a family photo to the class. Share with the class a good time you and your family
had together.

5I Pronunciation

Informal speaking: a
When a is in a sentence, it makes a short, weak sound that joins with the next word.

A. Listen and underline the informal a sounds.

1. She has a lot of cousins.
2. Do you have a cat?
3. My mother works in a school.
4. This is a photo of my grandfather.
5. Is she a twin?

B. Listen to the audio and repeat.

40 UNIT 4
6I Conversation Speaking Strategy:
Use names and titles

When you speak about cousins, brothers, sisters,

and friends, use the person’s first name.
When you speak about uncles and aunts, use the
words Uncle or Aunt before the person’s first name.
When you speak about teachers and adults you
don’t know, use Mr., Mrs., or Ms. before the person’s
family name.

A. Listen to the conversations and complete the sentences. Then listen and check your
answers.

1. 3.
Lilian: Who are these people in the photo? Michael: Are they your (4) ?
Brenda: That’s your (1) Carl and Tariq: No. Those are my friends. These are
(2) Sue. my cousins.
Lilian: They look different now. Michael: What are their names?
Tariq: That’s Fatima, and that’s Turki.

2. 4.
Peter: Do you have any grandparents? Cecilia: How many (5) and
Clarice: Just my (3)  . She’s 88 years (6) do you have?
old. Christopher: I have two (7)  . Their
Peter: Who does she live with? names are Paola and Camille.

Clarice: She lives with my uncle.

B. Your Turn
Roleplay the conversation with a partner.
Invite
With ayour partner
partner, ask to
anda party.
answer He/she must
questions
How would Cecilia respond? Write your politely refuse
about your and say why.  Switch roles.
family.
answer in the blank space.
I’m having a birthday
How many aunts and uncles
Your idea: party next Saturday.
do you have?
Can you come?

I have . . .
 I’m sorry ...
C. Listen to the audio and take notes.
Prepare to ask and answer questions about Who is your favorite
your family. cousin?

My favorite cousin is . . .

UNIT 4 41
7I Reading Reading Strategy:
Make predictions
Before Reading Pictures and captions can help you get ready to read.
A. Look at the two pictures. How are • Pictures show what a text is about.
they different? What do you think the • Captions describe the pictures.
article talks about? Write two ideas. • Together, pictures and captions can help you
predict what a text is about.

In the past Today

B. Read the article. Then underline the key details.

Asian Families Today
In many Asian countries, family life is changing. Now, people don’t get married young and they don’t
have many children.

In Singapore, these days, people only have one or two children. One reason is because lots of women
now go to school and get jobs. Some people say that the country needs to have a lot of children for the
future.

Not every country is changing so fast. In Brunei, most families are big with three or four children. Women
go to college like in Singapore, but they also want three or four children.

Some families are getting bigger. Why? Because people live longer now. In Singapore, people live to 83
years old. In Japan, people live to 84. Sometimes a family lives in one house with all the brothers and
sisters, mothers and fathers, grandmothers and grandfathers, together.

42 UNIT 4
 After Reading
C. Match the paragraphs to the main ideas.
Paragraph 1 • • Families in Singapore are smaller now.

Paragraph 2 • • People are getting older.

Paragraph 3 • • Some countries are the same as in the past.

Paragraph 4 • • Family life in Asia is different from before.

D. In pairs, read your ideas from A. Are they in the article? Talk about any
differences between your ideas and what the article says.

8I Writing Writing Strategy:

Write short sentences

A. Underline the predicates below. Sentences can be long or short, but they must have
a subject and a predicate. The subject is the person
Ruby is 15 years old. She lives in Chicago. She or thing the sentence is about. A predicate tells us
runs. She likes sports. She has a big family. what the subject does or is. Begin writing with short
sentences. Then, add other details.
B. Complete the text with subjects and Examples:
predicates. Use your own ideas for the Tariq swims.
predicates. Tariq swims every day.
Tariq is a student.
I have one brother. He is 19 years old.
goes to college. He  .
He  .

I have two sisters. They are 7 years old. are twins. They  .
They  .

C. Write about someone in your family. Underline the predicates.

UNIT 4 43
 UNIT 5  Friends In this unit, I will learn to . . .
• describe myself and my friends.
• use adjectives in the correct order.
• listen for words that describe.
1I Get Ready

Who are your best friends? Why are they so special to you?

A. Look at the pictures. How do you think they feel about their friends?
Then read and listen to the audio.

My name is Solomon, and this is my best I am Anh Duc. My best friend is Thi Hoa.
friend, Biruk. We are both very active and She’s kind, and she’s also very smart. I tell
we play football together all the time. But we her all my problems. We’re good friends
are also different—he’s loud and I’m quiet. because she knows me so well. Her family
Sometimes we don’t agree, but Biruk is lives next to my house. We meet and talk
funny and he makes me laugh. together every day.

With a partner, ask and answer questions

about the pictures.

Why does Anh Duc like

being Thi Hoa’s friend?

My name is Jasmine, and my best friend is my Because she . . .

sister, Camille. She understands me, and she
is always nice to me. She is so hardworking Ask and answer questions about friends.
and creative. I’m happy that we’re sisters and
friends. What makes a good friend?
B. Read the text and answer the questions.
I think . . .
1. How are Solomon and Biruk different?
2. Why does Thi Hoa know Anh Duc so well?
3. Who is Camille?

44 UNIT 5
2I Vocabulary

A. Look at the pictures. Do you do any of these things? Which of these people are you like?

Word Box
active
brave
clever
crazy
creative
friendly
funny
hardworking
kind
polite
quiet
smart

B. Use a word from the box to describe each person.

1. Sandrine goes out every night and has lots of hobbies.

2. Anna always gets an A on tests and quizzes.

3. Dae-won likes to meet and chat with new people.

4. Lucy helps lost pets find a new home.

5. Rada always says “please” and “thank you.”

6. Jannik studies English for two hours every night.

7. Shayna jumped from a very high wall.

8. Everyone enjoys Ayodele’s jokes and stories.

C. Listen to the audio and choose an adjective from the box for each conversation. 
Conversation 1

Conversation 2

Conversation 3

Conversation 4

UNIT 5 45
3I Grammar

Order of Adjectives
When you use two or more adjectives before a noun, put the adjectives in this order: number, size,
shape, color, origin (or nationality). For example, four describes a number. Words like several and many
also describe a number. Adjectives that describe a number go first in the sequence.

number opinion size color origin noun

one kind — — Swedish girl
several — big red — cars
three — small — — dogs
some delicious — black English tea

A. Look at the pictures and read their descriptions. Look at the order of the adjectives. 

She’s a tall Spanish There are two small It’s a red

woman. brown cats. Japanese umbrella.

B. Look at the pictures and match the beginning and ending of each sentence.

1. She’s a kind • • small hotel.

2. It’s a horrible • • Spanish students.
3. He’s a short • • American man.
4. They’re expensive • • Italian bag.
5. It’s a beautiful red • • black shoes.
6. We’re two • • Chinese girl.
46 UNIT 5
C. Underline the mistakes. Then correct them.
1. I read a book really good yesterday.

2. My computer doesn’t work anymore. I have to get new a computer later today.

3. Your socks bad smell. Please wash them!

4. Do you want to watch House of Old ? I heard it’s but interesting scary.

5. Australia is a hot place very to be in the summer.

D. Write new sentences using two or more adjectives.

1. You’re a .

2. My best friend is a .

3. This is a .

4. These are .

5. I am a .

6. My teacher is a .

E. Write a description of your bedroom

using adjectives to give details. Give your
description to your partner and draw With a partner, ask and answer questions
his / her description in the space below. about your friends.
What does your best friend
look like? 

She is tall and . . .

Where is he / she from?

He / she is from . . .

UNIT 5 47
4I Listening Listening Strategy:
Listen for specific information

Before Listening  Adjectives are words that we use to describe

other words. They tell about number, shape,
A. Look at the pictures. What can you say size, and color. Listening for adjectives will tell
about these people by looking at the pictures? you what some one or something is like.
What do you think they are like?

B. Listen and complete the sentences.

1. Katy’s twin sister, Eva, is very and .

2. Sometimes twins each other without talking.

3. It’s a thing that some twins can do.

4. Geelo is and .

5. She is also because she lives in a new country.

After Listening
C. Answer the questions in pairs. Who are your best friends? What are they like?
Use as many adjectives as you can to describe them. 

5I Pronunciation
-s and -es
Verbs in the simple present tense change after he, she, and it. Usually we add -s, but sometimes we
add -es. The endings have different sounds.

I write. She writes. (/s/ sound) I learn. She learns (/z/ sound) I teach. She teaches. (/iz/ sound)

A. Listen. Circle the sound you hear each time.

1. /s/     /z/     /iz/ 3. /s/     /z/     /iz/ 5. /s/     /z/     /iz/
2. /s/     /z/     /iz/ 4. /s/     /z/     /iz/ 6. /s/     /z/     /iz/

B. Listen to the audio and repeat.

48 UNIT 5
6I Conversation Speaking Strategy:
Describe myself and others

Look at the questions with like.

What does he like? = What does he enjoy?
He likes cooking.
What is she like? = Is she friendly? Funny?
Hard working?
She’s hard working.
Are you like your dad? = Do you and your dad
look the same? Do you like the same things?
Yes, we’re both tall and we’re good at sports.

A. Listen to the conversations and complete the sentences. Then listen and check
your answers.
1. 4.
Alicia: Who’s that? Marco: Are you (4) your
Brenda: My best friend, Jan. father?
Alicia: Oh. What’s she like? Tomas: Not at all. He likes to play sports. I like
computer games. But he doesn’t like
Brenda: Very (1) . She likes to computers. He likes to be with people.
tell jokes.

2. 5.
Scott: What’s your brother like? Chris: Are you like your younger brother?
Amanda: Very clever, but a bit Sanjay: I guess I am. We both are
(2) ! (5) and we both really
like computers.

3.
Alexandra: Why are you friends with Leni?
Ester: She’s easy to get along with. And she
doesn’t tell people your
(3) . That’s why I trust
With your partner, ask and answer these
her.
questions about friends. 

Who is your best friend?

B. Your Turn
Roleplay the conversation with a partner. My best friend is . . .
How would Chris respond? Write your answer
in the blank space.
What are your friends like?
Your idea:

They’re . . .

C. Listen to the audio and take notes. Get ready

to ask and answer questions about friends.
UNIT 5 49
7I Reading Reading Strategy:
Read for specific information
Before Reading  When you are reading for specific information, use the clues
from the text to help you find what you are looking for.
A. What do you do when someone
is bad to you or your friends?  • look for questions about the text
• read titles and headings
• look for important words and phrases

B. Read the article. Underline details about what makes good and bad friends. 
Good Friends and Bad Friends

Tamazur

In school, some of the popular girls are mean to me. I don’t know why; they just don’t like me. They laugh
at my hair and clothes. But my friend, Zeinab is great! When she hears the girls, she asks them, “Are
you OK? I think you’re unhappy. Only unhappy people say bad things like that.” Then, they don’t know
how to answer. Zeinab also says to me, “You know, clothes are not important. It’s more important to be
hardworking and polite. And you are both.”

Marcus

There is a new girl in our class. Her name is Livia. She’s friendly and funny. One day, my friend, Thom
says, “I think you like Livia!” I say, “Yes, I do. But don’t tell anyone! It’s a secret.” Then I see writing on
my desk. It says, “MARCUS LOVES LIVIA.” Everyone in the class laughs at me now. I’m sad and angry
because Thom doesn’t keep my secrets. I think I need a new friend.

Sophia

My brother Tariq is my best friend because he is always there for me. When kids at school are bad to me,
my brother stops them. He helps me in good times and in bad times. He is also fun to be around. We fight
sometimes, but I know that Tariq is smart and kind. I’m happy he is my brother.

50 UNIT 5
 After Reading
C. Complete the sentences with words from the text.
1. Some girls laugh at Tamazur’s and .
2. Zeinab says that are not important.
3. The new girl’s name is .
4. Marcus is and because Thom doesn’t keep his secrets.
5. Tariq kids that are bad to Sophia.
6. Tariq is and .

D. Write two ways to respond to mean people mentioned in the text. With a partner,
write two more ways to respond. 

8I Writing Writing Strategy:

Describe people and their personalities

A. Work with a partner. Use adjectives to Adjectives tell what people are like. They
describe how we look and what we are like.
describe each other.
Adjectives show what kind of people we
B. In pairs, circle all the adjectives in the text. are. Use adjectives when you write to give
important details about people.
 My best friend is Poom. She is 16 years old, tall, and
pretty. She has a lot of hobbies—running, swimming,
and playing the drums. She’s always busy! She’s
friendly and talks a lot. Poom is smart, but she doesn’t
like school much. She likes being outside and playing
sports. She’s an active girl.

C. Write about someone you know well. Use adjectives to give more information
about the person.

UNIT 5 51
 UNIT 6 People in the Community
In this unit, I will learn to . . .
• talk about people in my community and
the jobs they do.
1I Get Ready • use there is / are and prepositions of
place.
• listen for specific information about
What do you like about your community? places.

A. Look at the people in the pictures. How do you think

they help their community? Then listen to the audio and read.

Patricia is a principal in a In Mehal’s neighborhood, there Eddie gets up early every

crowded school. Most of the are many cats without homes. morning. He’s a street cleaner.
students are boys, because a lot They need food, and they get Everyone in the community
of girls don’t go to school. cold at night. Mehal feeds the knows Eddie because he is
So Patricia visits the girls at a cats and lets them sleep in his friendly and kind. He always
library three times a week. She hallway. A lot of people think jokes with the children.
helps them with reading, writing, he’s a hero because of this.
and math.

B. Read and circle T for True or F for False.

Correct the false statements.
1. Patricia is a librarian. T F
With a partner, ask and answer questions
about people in your community.
2. She helps girls learn how to read T F
and do math. Do you know any helpers in
your community?

A woman named Natasha

3. Mehal doesn’t care about the cats T F
comes to our school. She teaches
in his neighborhood.
music after class.

4. Eddie likes talking to people. T F Ask and answer questions about yourself.

How do you help other people?

I help my little brother with his

homework.

52 UNIT 6
2I Vocabulary

A. Listen to the audio and read along. Guess the meaning of the words in bold.
Every morning as I walk to school, I meet the people in my community. First, I meet Christopher. He’s a
firefighter. He’s often outside the station house talking to people. Bob is a police officer. He stops the
cars when I cross the street. Then, there’s Sam, the cleaner in our school. He knows all the students’
names. Our school principal is Mrs. Eaton. I sometimes stop at the library and talk to the librarian, Mrs.
Henderson.

Word Box

cleaner
community
cook
crowded
doctor
firefighter
hero
librarian
neighborhood
nurse
police officer
principal

B. Choose the correct job from the box to complete the sentences.
1. A works with books. 4. A uses pots and pans.

2. A uses a thermometer. 5. A is in charge of a school.

3. A uses cleaning products. 6. A puts out fires.

C. Circle the correct word to complete each sentence. Then listen to the audio and check
your answers.
1. I work in a school. I’m a (firefighter / principal). 5. I help sick people. I’m a (librarian / doctor).

2. I work in a hospital. I’m a (nurse / librarian). 6. I make food. I’m a (cleaner / cook).

3. I keep people safe. I’m a (police officer / cleaner). 7. I help people in trouble. I’m a
(principal / firefighter).
4. I clean an office building. I’m a (doctor / cleaner).
8. I work in a library. I’m a (librarian / doctor).

UNIT 6 53
3I Grammar

There is / There are

There is / There are is used to say that something exists, usually in a specific location.

Singular Plural
Affirmative there is there are + number (or some)
Negative there isn’t there aren’t + any
Question is there (+ any / a / an) are there + any
For grammar reference, go to Grammar Appendix.

A. Look at the pictures and complete the sentences with the correct form of
there is or there are.

1. a cat in the street. two cats in the hallway.

2. a pen on the table. any books, either.

3. a school? any students?

Prepositions of Place
A preposition of place shows where something is. It goes before a noun or pronoun to show where
that thing or person is in relation to another thing or person.

54 UNIT 6
B. Look at the picture and complete the sentences using prepositions.
1.      There are three people
the room.
2.    Brad’s father is standing Brad.
3.  The doctor is Brad.
4.  There is a sink the wall
cupboards.
5. There is a jar to the sink.
6. There is a picture the wall.

C. Write the words in the correct order to make sentences.

1. a book / There’s / my desk. / on 4. There / six / my bag. / pens / in / are
2. under / cats / There / two / are / the table. 5. the hospital. / aren’t / cars / There / any / behind
3. front / a garden / in / the school. / There’s / of 6. to / a shop / next / there / your house? / Is

D. Draw your bedroom or another room in

your house. Write a description of your room
in your notebook. (Example: There’s a lamp
next to my bed). With a partner, ask and answer questions
about your school.

Is there a library?

Yes, there is.

Ask and answer questions about your

things.

Where’s your pencil?

It’s on my desk.

UNIT 6 55
4I Listening Listening Strategy:
Listen for specific information

Before Listening Sometimes, you have to listen for specific information.

For example, you might have to listen for numbers
A. In pairs, look at the pictures and talk about or names of places. When you listen for specific
the jobs. What are they? What is fun and information, focus on words that are related to the
exciting about these jobs? What is difficult? information you want.

B. Listen for words to describe places. Then complete the sentences.

1. Theodora loves her job because she often works .
2. At the end of the day, Theodora fills in forms at the .
3. In the day, Matt works .
4. At night, Matt makes food for people on the .

After Listening
C. What do you think are the good and bad things about Theodora and Matt’s jobs? In pairs,
take notes in the table below and then share with the class.

Theodora Matt
Her job: His two jobs:
Good things: Good things:
Bad things: Bad things:

5I Pronunciation
Linking Sounds
There’s a /z/ sound at the end of does and is. The /z/ sound usually joins with the next word.

Does he finish late? Is it a good job?

A. Listen. Do these questions have /z/ sounds or not?

1. Does he work outside?
2. Is she a doctor?
3. Is he in the library?

B. Listen to the audio and repeat.

56 UNIT 6
6I Conversation Speaking Strategy:
Ask for directions
When you ask for directions, say Excuse me. Then say:
Is / Are there . . . ?
Where is . . . ?
I’m looking for . . .
You learned the prepositions next to, behind, and in front
of to say where things and places are located. You can
also say:
over there
on the left or on the right

A. Listen to the conversations and complete the sentences. Then listen and check your answers.
1. 4.
Vicky: (1) . Where’s the library? Stephen: Excuse me. I need to change some money . . .
Greg: It’s over there, (2) . Lucy: There’s a bank over there, (5) .

2. 5.
Minnie: (3) the Diamond Hotel. Will: Are there any cafés near here?
Todd: The Diamond? Hmm. Oh, I know. It’s Emiko: Hmm, (6) . . . yes, there’s a café
behind the police station. next to the school.

3. 6.
Adam: Is there a pharmacy (4) ? Bryan: (7) the nearest shopping center?
Jade: Yes, it’s in front of the hospital. Belinda: Oh. Let’s see. It’s down there, behind the school.
Bryan: But where’s the school?
Belinda: Oh, sorry. It’s down this road about three
blocks on the right side.

B. Your Turn
Roleplay the conversation with a partner.
How would Bryan respond? Write your
With a partner, ask and answer questions
answer in the blank space.
about places in your neighborhood.

Your idea:
Where’s your school?

It’s next to the park.

C. Listen to the audio and take notes.
Prepare to ask about places in your
neighborhood. Is there a library near here?

Yes, it’s behind the restaurant.

UNIT 6 57
7I Reading Reading Strategy:
Read for specific information about places

Before Reading When you are reading for specific information about places,
look for words related to place. Read titles and headings.
A. In pairs, discuss which is better: Look for key words, details, and phrases about places.
the city or the countryside?

B. Read the article and underline the key details about each place.
City or Countryside?
Is it better to live in the city or the countryside? We asked two people for their ideas.
Tai: I’m Tai Yan from Guangzhou, in China. I hope to become a police officer. I love living in the city,
because it’s modern, and you can find everything you need. The shops and restaurants are fantastic. The
only problem in my city is the air. There are lots of cars, so the air isn’t very clean. My grandparents live in
a village. It’s so boring when I go there because there’s nothing to do! It’s so quiet. They don’t even have
any police officers in the village. You have to cook and eat at home every night. I think cities are better
for young people. The countryside is better for older people.

Galya: My name is Galya. I’m from Ukraine. I want to be a nurse. I live in a village, and I think the countryside
is better than the city! Sometimes, I go to Kiev, our capital city, and it’s very crowded. There are so many
people. Everything is more expensive in the city, too. In the countryside, food is cheap and healthy. And we
don’t need cars because we can walk everywhere. I know everyone in my community. When I am a nurse, I
can take care of all the people in my village. Cities aren’t friendly places. I never want to live in a big city.
After Reading
C. Read and circle T for True or F for False. Correct the false statements.
1. Tai Yan lives in China. T F   

2. Tai Yan doesn’t like city life. T F   

3. The air in Guangzhou is clean. T F   

4. Tai Yan wants to be a firefighter. T F   

5. Galya lives in Kiev. T F   

6. Gayla has a healthy life. T F   

7. Galya wants to be a nurse. T F   

8. She thinks cities are friendly. T F   

58 UNIT 6
 D. Find these details about places in the text. Match each word to its meaning.

1. modern • • with a lot of people

2. boring • • new

3. crowded • • that costs a lot of money

4. expensive • • not interesting

8I Writing Writing Strategy:

Complete an online survey

A. In pairs, talk about the most important When you fill in a form, you don’t need to write full
places in your community. Why are they sentences. You only have to write the important
words.
important?

B. Complete the online survey about your community.

Your name:

Your community:

Number of people who live there:

Number of schools:

Number of hospitals:

Number of shopping malls:

Most important place in your community:

Other information:

C. In pairs, ask and answer questions about the information in the form. Make questions with
wh- words.

UNIT 6 59
UNITS 4–6 Use What You Know

Vocabulary  
A. Who are the members of your family? Draw and label them below.
Example: This is my mother. Her name is Sandra. 

B. Write about the jobs three people in your family have. Add an extra sentence to describe
each person. Use a dictionary if you need to.
Example: My mother is a principal. She’s funny.

1.

2.

3.

60 UNITS 4–6
 Grammar 
A. What’s in your bedroom? Write six sentences using have.
Example: I have a mirror. I have lots of books. 

1.   4.  

2.   5.

3.   6.  

Work with a partner. Ask 10 questions. Can you guess the things in his or her room? 
Example: Do you have any photos? No, I don’t have any photos!

B. On a piece of paper, draw one thing from each room of your house. Write sentences to
describe them, using two or more adjectives in each sentence.
Example: It’s a comfortable white Japanese chair.

C. Look at the picture for two minutes, then cover it and write what you can remember.
Use There is / There are . . .

D. Compare this picture to the one above. Six things are different! Use Now, there
isn’t / there aren’t . . . to say what is different.

UNITS 4–6 61
 Reading: Psychology  
How Teens Can Reduce Stress 
Today’s teens have a lot of stress. Their mothers, fathers, and teachers want them to get a good job in
the future. There are difficult tests every week. This happens in schools around the world, and students
often worry about important exams. Even very clever and hardworking students worry about their
futures. In the U.K. and America, students now get ready for college entrance exams when they are
very young.

Here are some tips to help you stay happy and healthy in your teen years.

1. Eat right, exercise, and sleep for eight hours or more every night. 
2. Spend time with your best friends.
3. Spend some time doing the things you love. 
4. Try new things. 
5. Make a list of things to do. Then do some of them every day.

The important thing is to relax. Teens are getting ready to become adults, but they also need time to find
out more about life. In every school grade don’t try to be perfect or do everything. Studying too much
gives you more stress. 

A. Answer the questions.

1. Why are today’s teens under a lot of stress? 4. What do teens need to spend some time doing?
2. How much sleep do teens need? 5. Why is it important for teens to relax?
3. Who is it good to spend time with?
62 UNITS 4–6
B. Read and circle T for True or F for False. Correct the false statements.
1. Teens have stress from their friends. T F

2. Clever students worry about their exams. T F

3. To stop stress, teens need about eight hours of sleep. T F

4. Don’t try to be perfect in your school years. T F

C. Ask your partner these questions.

1. What things do you worry about?
2. What do you do to relax?
3. What does this text teach you?

D. Work with a partner. Make a list of things to do to be happier.     

E. Talk to a teacher or family member about how being a teen today is different than it
was in the past.
1. What is different now?
2. Do they think it is easier being a teen today?
UNITS 4–6 63
 Project 

In this project, you will create a poster to show what

is important in your life and talk about it. Use what
What is important in your life?
you know from Units 4 to 6 to complete the project.

Step 1 Brainstorm
Brainstorm what is most important in your life. Make a mind map with your ideas. Think about
friends, family, possessions, and experiences.

What is the most important thing in your life?  

Step 2 Plan
Write four reasons why this is the most important thing in your life.

1.
2.
3.
4.

Find a picture for each reason.

Step 3 Create Step 4 Present

Make a poster showing what is most important Present your poster to your group.
in your life. Find a picture of it. Talk about it.

Write the four reasons and put a picture of Talk about what things are the same or
them on your poster. different in your posters.

64 UNITS 4–6
 Creative Zone:  
Planning
A. What jobs can animals do? Make a list.

B. Do you think animals enjoy working? Why or why not?

Storytelling
C. Write about a day in the life of a working animal. What does it do and how does
it feel?

UNITS 4–6 65
STUDENT WORKBOOK
mheducation.com

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the country to which it is sold by McGraw-Hill Education.

ISBN: 978-0-07-719010-1 MHID: 0-07-719010-6

 UNIT 4 Families

Vocabulary

Word Box

aunt father mother stepmother

brother grandfather sister twin
cousin grandmother stepfather uncle

A. Match the words to their meaning.

1. mother • • your mother’s or father’s brother

2. father • • father of your mother or father

3. uncle • • mother of your mother or father

4. aunt • • man who has a child

5. grandmother • • woman who has a child

6. grandfather • • your mother’s or father’s sister

B. Read each sentence. Circle the correct answer.

1. Johnny and I have the same father and mother. He is my (brother / uncle).

2. Amir is married to my aunt. He’s my (uncle / stepfather).

3. My father is married to Rita. She isn’t my mom, she’s my (stepmother / aunt).

4. My mom’s brother has a child. He is my (uncle / cousin).

5. I’m 14 and Sally is 10. She is my little (sister / mother).

6. My brother and I are (twins / cousins).

C. Write about your family using words from the word box.

19 UNIT 4 FAMILIES
 Grammar
The verb Have
A. Read each sentence. Change the underlined word or words to give each sentence the opposite meaning.
1. She has a brother and a sister.

2. I don’t have an uncle.

3. He doesn’t have grandparents.

4. We have twins in our family.

5. You don’t have cousins.

B. Circle the choice that completes each sentence and explains why the answer it is correct. Some
sentences have more than one correct answer.

1. He doesn’t have uncles.

a. any, because “uncles” is a plural noun
b. any, because the sentence is negative
c. any, because the sentence is a question

2. There are twins in her family.

a. any, because “twins” is a plural noun
b. any, because the sentence is negative
c. lots of, because there are a large number of twins

3. He reads old books.

a. any, because the sentence is a question
b. a lot of, because there is a large number of books
c. any, because the sentence is negative

4. Do his cousins have holidays?

a. any, because the sentence is a question
b. a lot of, because there are many holidays
c. lots of, because the sentence is negative

5. I have two grandfathers and two grandmothers, and I get presents on my birthday.
a. any, because the sentence is negative
b. lots of, because there are many presents
c. a lot of, because there are many presents

UNIT 4 20
Who and How Many
C. Read each sentence. Circle the correct answer.
1. (Who / How many) aunts do you have?
2. (Who / How many) takes us to the park?
3. (Who / How many) mothers are in the picture?
4. (Who / How many) cooks your dinner?
5. (Who / How many) are those people over there?
6. (Who / How many) sisters does your father have?

D. Unscramble the words to make questions.

1. How many / cousins / she / does / have / ?

2. Who / that / man / is ?

3. goes / Who / to school / with you / ?

4. apples / need / How many / you / do / ?

5. is / favorite / Who / your / uncle / ?

E. Write a question for each answer. Use who or how many.

1.
There are ten people in the house.

2.
Tyler’s stepfather lives in that house.

3.
Her uncle has two cars.

4.
I have three cats.

5.
My grandfather takes me to the movies.

21 UNIT 4 FAMILIES
 Conversation
Speaking Strategy: Use names and titles
A. Complete the conversations using these words.

Aunt Mr. Ms.

Uncle cousin

Conversation 1:
Olisa: Who is that man?

Wafor: He is my father’s brother.

Olisa: What do you call him?

Wafor: I call him (1) Afiba.

Conversation 2:
Liam: The girl is my (2) . Her name

is Camille. She’s my aunt’s child.

Nathan: Do you call her (3) Camille?

Liam: No, I don’t. I call her Camille.

Conversation 3:
Elizabeth: My aunt is married to (4)

Jones, our math teacher.

Theresa: What do you call her now?

Elizabeth: I call her (5) Joyce.

B. Write a short conversation describing your parents and two other people to a friend. Tell your friend
what you call them.

A: A:
B: B:

A: A:
B: B:

UNIT 4 22
 Reading
Reading Strategy: Make predictions

Family members can be happy together at any age.

Before Reading
A. Look at the picture. What do you think this article is about? Write two ideas.

B. Read the text. Underline the main idea in each paragraph.

What are families?
Every person and animal is part of a family. We have a mother and a father, so we all start life as someone’s
child. Some people live with two parents, and some with one. Some moms and dads have many children and
others have one child. Sometimes children stay with their parents for a long time. Others go to live with other
families. Children need a family to feed them, and keep them clean and safe. Families also teach children
how to do all kinds of things from walking to talking, and how to live with other people.

Animals live in many different kinds of families, too. In many animal families, mothers stay with the babies,
and the fathers look for food. But look at penguins. They are birds, so the mother penguin has an egg—a
very big egg. Guess what happens? Every day, the mother goes away to look for food, and the father stays
with the egg and keeps it warm under his feet. Then one day, the chick—a baby penguin—comes out of its
egg, and dad helps mom bring the food home. They help the chick grow, and it learns to find food for itself.
Penguins don’t have many babies, but they live next to other penguin families. So they help each other a lot.

23 UNIT 4 FAMILIES
After Reading
C. Read each question then write your answer.
1. Look at your ideas in A. Are they correct? Say why or why not.

2. What is the first paragraph’s main idea?

3. What is the second paragraph’s main idea?

Writing
Writing Strategy: Write short sentences
A. Follow the steps to write a paragraph about someone in your family.
Steps
1. Choose a member of your family to write about. Think of someone you know a lot about.
2. Name and describe the person. Write at least three things about the person.
3. Use short sentences. Make sure every sentence has a subject and a predicate.
4. Write 20 to 40 words.

UNIT 4 24
 UNIT 5 Friends

Vocabulary

Word Box

active crazy funny polite

brave creative hardworking quiet
clever friendly kind smart

A. Write the word from the word box that matches each definition.
1. good at making new things

2. good at making people laugh

3. not talking a lot, or not making a noise

4. not afraid

5. able to understand things

B. Read each sentence. Circle the correct answer.

1. It’s very (kind / funny) to help sick animals.

2. Mom tells us to be (clever / polite) to people.

3. That joke is really (hardworking / funny). It makes everyone laugh.

4. Good artists are (brave / creative).

5. Joseph is good at math because he’s (clever / funny).

6. Mavis is (smart / active) and she never forgets things.

C. Complete each sentence using words from the word box.

1. Emma is . She does two jobs and she has three children.

2. Tanaka does lots of sports and has a lot of hobbies. She’s very .

3. Kayla is a nice person. She is polite, kind, and with everyone she meets.

4. My friends think I’m because I take cold showers in winter!

5. Godfrey doesn’t say a lot. He’s very .

6. Firefighters are because they risk their lives for people.

25 UNIT 5 FRIENDS
 Grammar
Order of Adjectives
A. Circle the correct option for each sentence.
1. I want pieces of cake, please.
a. big two
b. two big

2. That woman is our principal.

a. Vietnamese tall
b. tall Vietnamese

3. There are bugs in the kitchen.

a. two big green
b. two green big

4. The drawing has dots on top.

a. three small red
b. small red three

5. Andy is wearing pair of socks.

a. long red
b. red long

6. I see cars in the street.

a. five German black
b. five black German

B. Write the adjectives under the correct headings.

gray great happy interesting Italian

long many one purple small
Spanish tall Thai twelve yellow

number opinion size color origin

UNIT 5 26
C. Match the sentence halves.

1. They’re wearing long • • English book.

2. She’s a friendly • • Chinese cakes.

3. We have many • • white socks.

4. It’s an interesting • • American woman.

5. These are two delicious • • clever students in our class.

D. Write the adjectives in parentheses in the correct order.

1. My dog has spots on his tail. (big,
brown, two)

2. This is a funny story about an queen. (Indian, old)

3. boy is eating an ice cream.

(Chinese, little, one)

4. Look at those clouds. (gray, big)

5. We need apples for the cake. (green, small,

four)

6. I don’t want this sweater. (red, big)

27 UNIT 5 FRIENDS
 Conversation
Speaking Strategy: Describe myself and others
A. Complete the conversation using these words. Some words can be used more than once.

like funny hardworking

Conversation

Marie: Do you know the new student?

Alice: Yes. Her name is Louise. She’s from Canada.

Marie: What is she (1) ?

Alice: She studies a lot. She’s very (2) .

Marie: Does she (3) to do fun things?

Alice: Yes, she does. She likes to tell jokes. She’s very (4) .

Marie: I think she’s a lot (5) you.

B. Write a short conversation describing someone you know. Use words from Activity A.
A:

B:

A:

B:

A:

B:

UNIT 5 28
 Reading
Reading Strategy: Read for specific information

Before Reading
A. You are reading an article in a school magazine. Choose three items in this list that tell how to read
the article “My Crazy Cats” for details.

1. Read the title 4. Copy important sentences into a notebook

2. Read each sentence three times 5. Ask friends to help you
3. Look for important words 6. Look for important phrases

B. Read the article. Underline the adjectives that give details.

My Crazy Cats
You know that people are all different, but do you know cats are all different, too? There are three cats in my
house, Matilda, Toby and Rose. They’re all very different, but they’re all crazy!
Matilda and Toby are thirteen years old, and they’re twins. They’re the same orange color, but they’re so
different. Matilda, the girl, is clever—cats are ALL clever! She’s fat and round, and she sleeps a lot on the bed.
She’s friendly with me, and her brother, Toby. She also likes our dog, but she hates Rose! Matilda isn’t very
brave, and she doesn’t like meeting new people. She goes into a cupboard when new people come into the
house.
Toby is really big—he’s like a small tiger. He eats and sleeps a lot, but he’s also active. He runs around the
house and yard. Sometimes he tries to catch birds, but he never does. He’s friendly with everyone. He
likes all the other animals, and everyone loves him. He’s quiet and he sits on top of the sofa and watches
everything from there.
Rose is three years old. She isn’t from the twins’ family, so she looks different. She’s brown and black, and
she has white legs. She’s friendly with people, and with Toby. She hates Matilda because Matilda wants to
eat all the food. Rose is funny because her best friend is our dog, Fred. She’s very active, and she plays with
Fred and Toby a lot. Sometimes she sleeps on top of the TV!
Fred, the dog likes cats, and he’s friendly and kind to them. But he knows there’s something crazy about all
of them!

29 UNIT 5 FRIENDS
After Reading
C. Write your three answers from Activity A. Then give examples of them from the text.
1:

Example:

2:

Example:

3:

Example:

Writing
Writing Strategy: Describe people and their personalities
A. Follow the steps to write a description of a famous person you like.
Steps
1. Choose a famous person that you like. It can be a sportsperson or movie star, explorer, scientist, etc.
2. Write at least three sentences to describe the person and say why you like him or her.
3. Use adjectives to describe how that person looks and is.
4. Write 20 to 40 words.

UNIT 5 30
 UNIT 6 People in the Community

Vocabulary

Word Box

cleaner crowded hero nurse

community doctor librarian police officer
cook firefighter neighborhood principal

A. Match the jobs to the things they do.

1.    principal • • helps sick people

2. police officer • • is the head teacher in a school

3. cook • • makes food

4. nurse • • stops people doing bad things

B. Read each sentence. Circle the correct answer.

1. The (librarian / principal) helps me find good books.

2. The (cleaner / hero) is washing the window.

3. The (nurse / firefighter) stops fires.

4. I’m sick and I need to see the (cook / doctor).

C. Complete each sentence using words from the word box.

1. A is the part of the town that we live in.

2. A works in a library.

3. A works with the doctor to keep us healthy.

4. A place is full of people.

5. A is very brave.

6. A is a group of people that live near each other, or like the same things.

31 UNIT 6 PEOPLE IN THE COMMUNITY

 Grammar
There is / There are
A. Choose the correct phrase to complete each sentence.
1. several good shows on television this week that I want to see.
a. There is
b. There are
c. There isn’t
d. There aren’t

2. any notebooks in the drawer?

a. There is
b. There are
c. Is there
d. Are there

3. a police officer coming to help us.

a. There is
b. There are
c. There isn’t
d. There aren’t

4. a library in your town?

a. There is
b. There are
c. Is there
d. Are there

B. The underlined word in each sentence is wrong. Write the correct word.
1. There isn’t any children at that party.

2. Is there many books on the table?

3. There aren’t any chance of getting there on time.

4. There is a lot of cars in the parking lot.

5. Are there a dogs in that house?

6. There are only one door into that building.

UNIT 6 32
Prepositions of Place

C. Complete each sentence using these prepositions.

next to on in front of in behind

1. Don’t stand me. I can’t see the movie.

2. I sit my friend in class, so we can work together.

3. Grandpa is sleeping his chair.

4. She put an eraser in front of the ruler. The ruler is the erasers.

5. The birthday present is the box.

D. Look at the picture and complete the sentences

using prepositions.

1. The pants are the bed.

2. The ball is the T-shirt.

3. One shoe is on the mat the bed.

4. The teddy bear is the box.

5. One sock is the bed.

6. The toy box is the T-shirt.

33 UNIT 6 PEOPLE IN THE COMMUNITY

 Conversation
Speaking Strategy: Ask for directions
A. Complete the conversation using these words or phrases.

Is there behind

Where is next to

I’m looking for

Adam: Hi, Agnes.

Agnes: Hi, Adam. The street is so crowded today.

Adam: I know. Stand (1) me, on my left. Where are you going?

Agnes: (2) a library.

Adam: Why?

Agnes: I’m writing an article about the job librarians do.

Adam: That’s cool.

Agnes: (3) a library around here?

Adam: Let me look . . . Yes, my phone says there is.

Agnes: (4) it?

Adam: It’s (5) the City Hall. You can walk around the City Hall to get there.

B. Write a short conversation between two people. Use at least three words or phrases from Activity A.
A: B:

B: A:
A: B:

UNIT 6 34
 Reading
Reading Strategy: Read for specific information about places

Before Reading
A. This is a report about the city of Seattle, Washington. Choose three items that help you find specific
information about the city.
1. Read the title.
2. Find mistakes in the text.
3. Look for key words and phrases about Seattle.
4. Make a computer file with the facts.
5. Look for details about Seattle.

B. Read the text. Underline the specific information.

About Seattle
Seattle is in the northwest of the United States. It is in the state of Washington. It has warm, dry summers and
cool, wet winters. It is famous for its rainy winters.

Seattle is thousands of years old. It is now a large city.

Today, Seattle is about 217 square kilometers in size. About 700,000 people live there. Many big companies,
like the online company Amazon, work from there. It is a very important place in the Internet world.

35 UNIT 6 PEOPLE IN THE COMMUNITY

After Reading
C. Write the three answers from Activity A. Then give an example of those items from the text.

Example:

Example:

Example:

Writing
Writing Strategy: Complete an online survey
A. Complete the online survey about jobs.

Your name:

Name of your neighborhood:

Most important jobs in the neighborhood:

Write what job you want to do:

Write why you like this job:

UNIT 6 36
Photo Credits
Unit-1 2 (t)©Hero/Corbis/Glow Images, (b)©Spaces Images/Blend Images LLC; 5 (tl)©Corbis Super RF/Alamy Stock Photo, (bl)Phonlawat_51/
Shutterstock.com, (tr)Szefei/Shutterstock.com, (br)Caia Images/Glow Images
Unit-2 7 (tl)Takayuki/Shutterstock, (br)©Noel Hendrickson/Blend Images LLC, (tr)Zurijeta/Shutterstock, (bl)Arek_malang/Shutterstock;
10 ©Hill Street Studios/Blend Images.
Unit-3 16 Reativa Images/Shutterstock.com; 17 (l)©Peathegee Inc/Blend Images, (r)John Smith/Fancy/Glow Images.
Unit-4 23 ©ATOR: Paul Bradbury/OJO Images Ltd/Alamy.
Unit-5 28 Peathegee Inc/Blend Images.
Unit-6 35 ©Inti St Clair/Blend Images.
Unit-7 41 (l)©Isadora Getty Buyou/Image Source, (r)Plush Studios/Blend Images LLC.
Unit-8 44 (tl)Jordan Whisson/Fancy/Veer/Corbis/Glow Images, (tr)Wavebreakmedia/Shutterstock, (br)©Jasper White/Image Source,
(bl)©Jade/Blend Images; 47 Syda Productions/Shutterstock.
Unit-9 50 (l)Realistic Refl ections, (r)©Sam Edwards/OJO Images/age fotostock; 52 Javier Perini CM/Image Source.
Unit-10 58 ©Daniel Thistlewaite/Image Source.
Unit-11 65 ©Terry Vine/Blend Images LLC.
Unit-12 70 Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division [LC-USZ62-132746]; 71 Poznyakov/Shutterstock.

PHOTO CREDITS 76
   SCOPE AND SEQUENCE LEVEL 1
Photo Credits
Unit-1: 2 (t)Con Tanasiuk/Design Pics, (c)McGraw-Hill Education, (b)Photo Africa/Shutterstock.com, (bkgd)Luna Vandoorne/Shutterstock.
com; 4 (tl)Ingram Publishing, (tr)Richard Hutchings, Digital Light Source/McGraw-Hill Education, (bl)Nipol Apinun/Shutterstock.com, (br)
Con Tanasiuk/Design Pics; 5 Pixtal/age fotostock; 6 Caiaimage/Glow Images; 7 Prasit Rodphan/Shutterstock.com; 9 KidStock/Blend
Images LLC.
Unit-2: 12 (tl)©Hero/Corbis/Glow Images, (tr)Jacek Chabraszewski/Shutterstock.com, (bl)Glow Images, (br)McGraw-Hill Education; 13
(tl)©Hero/Corbis/Glow Images, (tr)Aleksandr Markin/Shutterstock.com, (bl)Glow Images, (br)UpperCut Images/SuperStock; 15 Eric
Raptosh Photography/Blend Images LLC; 16 (l)VGstockstudio/Shutterstock.com, (c)Jacek Chabraszewski/Shutterstock.com, (r)Jari
Hindstroem/Shutterstock.com; 17 Syda Productions/Shutterstock.com; 18 (l)Denniz/Shutterstock.com, (r)Africa Studio/Shutterstock.com.
Unit-3: 20 (l)SantiPhotoSS/Shutterstock.com, (c)Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock.com, (r)Photo Africa/Shutterstock.com; 21 Mike
Watson Images Limited/Glow Images; 22 ©Daniel Dempster Photography/Alamy; 23 Jack Frog/Shutterstock.com; 24 (I)Ingram Publishing,
(tc)Glow Images, (tr)Africa Studio/Shutterstock.com, (bc)Wavebreakmedia/Shutterstock.com, (br)Glow Images; 25 Pressmaster/
Shutterstock.com; 30 (l)Purestock/SuperStock, (t)Kelly Redinger/Design Pics, (cl)Melica/Shutterstock.com, (cr)©Custom Medical Stock
Photo/Alamy, (r)©Image Source; 32 Luna Vandoorne/Shutterstock.com.
Unit-4: 34 (tl)Wavebreakmedia/Shutterstock.com, (cl)Daxiao Productions/Shutterstock.com, (bl)Dmitrydesign/Shutterstock.com, (bkgd)
Peathegee Inc/Blend Images LLC; 36 (tl)Wavebreakmedia/Shutterstock.com, (tc)Big Cheese Photo/SuperStock, (tr)Fancy Collection/
SuperStock, (bl)©Hero/Corbis/Glow Images; 38 (l)Hero Images/Fancy/age fotostock, (r)Ariel Skelley/Blend Images LLC; 39 ©Hi Brow
Arabia/Alamy; 41 ©Dennis MacDonald/Alamy; 42 (l)McGraw-Hill Education, (r)McGraw-Hill Education.
Unit-5: 44 (tl)Air Images/Shutterstock.com, (tr)Dragon Images/Shutterstock.com, (bl)Peathegee Inc/Blend Images LLC; 46 (l)Marc
Romanelli/Blend Images LLC, (c)Image Source, (r)Miya227/Shutterstock.com; 48 (l)Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock.com,
(r)Michaeljung/Shutterstock.com; 49 Aleksander Rubtsov/Blend Images LLC; 50 (l)Patrick Poendl/Shutterstock.com, (r)Syda Productions/
Shutterstock.com.
Unit-6: 52 (l)©Hill Street Studios/Blend Images LLC, (c)Halfpoint/Shutterstock.com, (r)Dmitrydesign/Shutterstock.com; 53 (tl)©Mike
Kemp/age fotostock, (tcl)Olena Yakobchuk/Shutterstock.com, (tcr)Michaeljung/Shutterstock.com, (tr)©Jose Luis Pelaez Inc/Blend Images
LLC, (bl)©Jose Luis Pelaez Inc/Blend Images LLC, (bcl)Pixtal/age fotostock, (bcr)Leonard Zhukovsky/Shutterstock.com, (br)Cultura
Creative (RF)/Alamy; 56 (l)©Blend Images/Alamy, (r)Image Source; 57 Iakov Filimonov/Shutterstock.com; 58 AntartStock/Shutterstock.
com; 62 Lucky Business/Shutterstock.com; 64 Peathegee Inc/Blend Images LLC.
Unit-7: 66 (t)Onoky Photography/SuperStock, (c)Ingus Kruklitis/Shutterstock.com, (b)©Image Source, (bkgd)Oneinchpunch/Shutterstock.
com; 68 (l)©Shannon Faulk/DreamPictures/Blend Images LLC, (c)Hill Street Studios/Blend Images LLC, (r)Jose Luis Pelaez Inc/Blend
Images LLC; 70 (l)Aleksandr Markin/Shutterstock.com, (c)©Wealan Pollard/age fotostock, (r)©Custom Medical Stock Photo/Alamy; 71
Onoky Photography/SuperStock; 72 Ingram Publishing; 73 Ronnie Kaufman/Larry Hirshowitz/Blend Images LLC; 74 Image Source.
Unit-8: 76 (l)Anton_Ivanov/Shutterstock.com, (c)TeeRoar/Shutterstock.com, (r)Ingus Kruklitis/Shutterstock.com; 78 (l)©Hero/Corbis/Glow
Images, (c)McGraw-Hill Education, (r)©Dave and Les Jacobs/Blend Images LLC; 81 ©Cultura Creative/Alamy; 82 (l)©Radius/SuperStock,
(c)Don Hammond/Design Pics, (r)Ingram Publishing/Superstock.
Unit-9: 84 (l)©Image Source, (cl)©Image Source, (cr)©GoodShoot/Alamy, (r)©Andersen Ross/Blend Images LLC; 87 U.S. Air Force photo
by Staff Sgt Alan Garrison; 88 Purestock/SuperStock; 89 Image Source/SuperStock; 90 (l)Sanjungtion/Shutterstock.com, (r)Pal2iyawit/
Shutterstock.com; 91 Laurence Mouton/PhotoAlto/age fotostock; 94 Sarunyu L/Shutterstock.com; 96 Oneinchpunch/Shutterstock.com;
97 (l)Image Source, (r)Image Source.
Unit-10: 98 (t)Dragon Images/Shutterstock.com, (c)U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Tracey L. Whitley, (b)
barbsimages/Shutterstock.com, (bkgd)©Tanya Constantine/Blend Images; 100 (tl)Dragon Images/Shutterstock.com, (tr)Ariel Skelley/
Blend Images; 101 (bl)Glow Images, (bc)Purestock/SuperStock, (br)Iordani/Shutterstock.com; 102 (bl)Mai Groves/Shutterstock.com,
(bc)©Juice Images/Alamy, (br)Glow Images; 104 ©Radius Images/Alamy; 105 Hurst Photo/Shutterstock.com.
Unit-11: 108 (tl)Wavebreakmedia/Shutterstock.com, (tc)U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Tracey L. Whitley,
(tr)SpeedKingz/Shutterstock.com; 110 (bl)Eclipse Studios/McGraw-Hill Education, (bc)Brand X Pictures/Alamy, (br)Iakov Filimonov/
Shutterstock.com; 113 ©Jose Luis Pelaez Inc/Blend Images; 114 Philip A. McDaniel/US Navy.
Unit-12: 116 barbsimages/Shutterstock.com; 117 McGraw-Hill Education; 118 ©Stocktrek Images, Inc./Alamy; 122 (l)Valeriya Anufriyeva/
Shutterstock.com, Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock.com; 128 ©Tanya Constantine/Blend Images; 129 Diego Cervo/Shutterstock.com.

147