Homework

 1  –  Due  Thursday,  January  20th  at  the  start  of  class  

 
1.  Very  small  particles  moving  in  fluids  are  known  to  experience  a  drag  force  proportional  to  speed.  
Consider  a  particle  of  net  weight  W  dropped  in  a  fluid.  The  fluid  experiences  a  drag  force,  FD  =  kV,  where  
V  is  the  particle  speed.  Determine  the  time  required  for  the  particle  to  accelerate  from  rest  to  95  
percent  of  its  terminal  speed,  Vt,  in  terms  of  k,  W  and  g.  Hint:  Start  with  a  force  balance!  Also,  think  
what  a  terminal  velocity  means  in  terms  of  time.  (10  pts)  

 
 
  
2.  For  each  quantity  listed,  indicate  dimensions  using  the  MLTt  system  of  dimensions.  (7  pts)  
 
a)  power  
b)  modulus  of  elasticity  
c)  angular  momentum  
d)  energy  
e)  shear  stress  
f)  momentum  
g)  specific  heat  

 
 
Note:  they  do  not  have  to  put  units  –  I’m  only  looking  for  dimensions  
 
 
3.  Non-­‐Newtonian  fluids  are  those  for  which  the  shearing  stress,  τ,  is  not  linearly  related  to  the  rate  of  
shearing  strain,  γ. Experimental data is shown below for such a fluid at 30o C:

τ (N/m2) 0 10.3 31.2 90.3 154.8

γ (s-1) 0 50 100 150 200

Plot these data and fit it to an appropriate curve. What is the apparent viscosity when the rate of shearing
strain is 120 s-1? Compare this viscosity to water at the same temperature. (20 pts)

apparent  viscosity  
180  
160   y  =  0.0042x2  -­‐  0.0585x  +  0.3429  
140   R²  =  0.99673  

120  
100  
80  
60  
40  
20  
0  
0   50   100   150   200   250  

dτ
= apparent viscosity = .0084γ-.0585
dγ
At γ = 120 s-1, µapparent = .95 N-s/m2
Water is 7.975 *10-4 at that temperature. The unknown fluid has a much larger value.
   
4.  A  Newtonian  fluid  having  a  SG  of  0.84  and  a  kinematic  viscosity  of  3  X  10-­‐4  m2/s  flows  past  a  fixed  
(stationary)  surface.  The  velocity  profile  is  shown  below.  Determine  the  magnitude  and  direction  of  the  
shearing  stress  developed  on  the  plate  in  terms  of  U  (m/s)  and    δ (m). (13 pts – 10 for the magnitude, 3
for the direction)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
   
5.  An  unknown  immiscible  liquid  seeps  into  the  bottom  of  an  open  tank.  The  specific  gravity  of  the  fluid  
is  1.34  and  the  depth  of  the  oil  (SG  =  .867)  floating  on  the  top  is  6.0  m.  A  pressure  gage  connected  to  the  
bottom  of  the  tank  reads  85  kPa.  What  is  the  depth  of  the  unknown  liquid?  (15  pts)  
Given  
 

pbottom swoil⋅ 6 + swu ⋅ h

3
swoil := .867⋅ 9.8⋅ 10 sg := 1.34
3
swu := sg ⋅ 9.8⋅ 10
3
pbottom := 85⋅ 10

Find( h) → 2.5906487968321657021