BANGLADESH ARMY INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY of

SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY

Cantonment,Cumilla.

Department of Business Administration

Level-4 Term-1

Course Code: HRM-4702

Course Title : Career Management

Report Topic: Factor influencing Career Decision of Business Administration

student in BD

Submitted to; Submitted by:

Md. Ariful Haque Chowdhury Azizul Islam Abir

Assistant Professor ID: 4104008

DBA, BAIUST Major HRM

Submission Date: 23-07-2020

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 Table of content

Serial Topic Page no.

no.
1. Abstract 1

2. Introduction 2

3. literature review 3-4

4. Finding & Analysis 5-6

5. Conclusion 6

Reference 6

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 ABSTRACT
This paper attempts to investigate the career preference of business graduates of private
universities in Bangladesh. A total number of 256 final year business students, irrespective of
gender in 15 private universities located in Dhaka city have been inter-viewed. Majority of the
respondents’ preferred field for future career development are banks and multinational
companies. More than average of the total respondents plans to seek employment in their chosen
field specially after obtaining the bachelor's degree. The major business courses that have been
chosen by the business undergraduate students for specialization are finance and bank in, human
resource management, accounting and marketing. Financial benefit and social status were the
major motivations for the business graduates’ career preference. In case of major reasons of
motivation, the male respondents are highly influenced by the financial benefit, social status and
good opportunities in the chosen field. On the other hand, the female respondents identified
financial benefit, social status and job security as their most influencing reasons behind career
preference.

Introduction
Career exploration is one of the key factions of career management. The concept of career
exploration is not clear to the university students of Bangladesh. Career exploration is a long,
progressive process of choosing education, training and jobs that fit with interests and skills.
Majority students in our country confront difficulty about their ability and strength to become
successful in their chosen career path. The problem lies in the root of our social system .In our

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country student’s parents play major role in setting career goal. Parents unilaterally impose their
aspiration and don’t pay any heed inherent quality or interest of their children. And this social
misconduct later on produces an ambivalent, less confident young generation. Another process in
our country is blindly pursing the other and giving importance the career which majority student
choose without proper judging their self skill, interest and abilities .The want of interest to delve
in to the self and environment stimulates the crisis of choosing wrong career. Career exploration
is parted environment stimulates the crisis of choosing wrong career. Self exploration focuses on
ones interest, talent and work values. Environmental exploration focuses on families, job,
occupation and organization. The purpose of this study is to identify the major variables of self
and environmental awareness that influence the career choice of business undergraduate students
in Bangladesh.[ CITATION MdZ18 \l 1033 ]

Literature Review

Career Exploration: An Overview

A Career is defined as the pattern of work related experiences that span the course of person’s
life. In broad term there are two way of viewing a career. One approach views career is a
structural property of an occupation or an organization. The Other approach view career is a
property of an individual rather than occupation or organization (Greene’s, 2008).

Career management is a process by which individual develop, implement and monitor career
goal and strategies. For the time being career management can be briefly described as an ongoing
process in which an individual

1. Gathers relevant information about himself/herself and the world of work,

2 Develops an accurate picture of his/her talent, interest, value, and prefer lifestyle as well as
alternative occupation jobs and organization.

3. Develop realistic career goal based on this information,

4. Develops and implement a strategy design to achieve the goals.

5. Obtains feedback on the effectiveness of the strategy and relevance of the goal
(Greenhouse, 2008).

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Career exploration can provide an individual with a more complete and accurate picture of him
or herself. The ability to be self-aware, that is, one’s ability to reflect on and accurately assess
one’s demonstrated behavior and skills in the workplace‹: e has been linked to effective job
performance. In similar vein, knowledge of different occupation, organizations, and career
opportunities can also benefits from an active exploration of the environment (Greenhouse,
2008).

Career exploration is not the same as job searching. Job searching is a short-term pursuit of a
position that matches your financial and career goals. Career exploration is a long, progressive
process of choosing education, training, and jobs that fit your interests and skills
[www.acinet.org].

Holder (1996) in his paper points out the need of employer to have valid and reliable information
to select job applicants. Job applicants need valid and reliable information to assess the degree
that the work context matches their work preferences. In both cases, there is a need for effective
communications to ensure that both the employer and the employee get the information they
need to reduce the uncertainties and ambiguities associated with starting a new job.

Communicating positive information about the work context (Saks and Wiesner, 1994) and the
firm’s social reputation appears to influence the willingness of applicants to accept job offers
another aspect that was observed to be influential in decision making is the national culture of a
country. It was reported that factors like national cultures and values have definite influence in
career choice and career expectations of students.

There have been many attempts to classify the national culture as individualistic and
collectivistic. Individualistic cultures are characterized as emphasizing the importance of
individuals maintaining their independence and differentiating themselves from other people,
whereas collectivist cultures are characterized as emphasizing the importance of the
interdependence between people and the way in which individual identity is defined by one’s
relationship to others (Erez and Earley, 1993; Fiske et a1., 1998; Markus and Kitayama, 1991;
Triandis, 1995). The most preferred factors in job selection are having power and authority,
peaceful work environment, opportunity for career advance and pay whereas the least motivating
factors were close supervision and guidance, praise from supervisor, feedback on performance
and a sense of belonging (Aycan and Fikret-Pasa, 2003). It was observed among management
students in India that “father” was the most significant individual influencing the career choice of
Indian management students (Tanuja Agarwala, 2008). Career planning is an important activity
of high school students and they are likely to approach their parents first for help with career
planning (Witko ET a1. 2005). Many studies (Bartol, 1974; Bartol and Manhardt, 1979) have
found that women generally place more importance on extrinsic factors, such as work
environment and interpersonal relationships, while men prefer intrinsic or career factors, such as
self-expression, long-term career objectives and decision influencing.

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Earlier studies have indicated that students’ career choices were mostly affected by intrinsic
factors whereas interpersonal factors were least influential (Aycan and Fikret-Pasa, 2003).
University students were observed to be putting self-interest before societal interest and rated
money and power as primary motivators in finding a job is influenced by the market economy
(Bai, 1998). Majority of student felt income as an important component of life, yet there was
shift to less objective characteristics, such as vacation, location, and opportunities as far as the
factors that influence career decisions are concerned [ CITATION Cha07 \l 1033 ]

Finding & Analysis

No significant difference is actually observed for different genders in terms of career preference,
time period of starting career and major reasons for motivating business student’s career
preference. Near about 100 students out of 256 (39.06%), preferred career field is Banking. It
was also found that the respondents are reluctant to choose small and medium enterprise,
research organization and non-banking financial institutions. The most influencing reasons
behind these career preferences are that, today’s graduates value financial incentives and social
status and recognition more. Fascination with banking services and private service in
multinational companies has never been higher than at present. With the advent of private and
foreign banks, the interest of youth in joining banks has only increased further. There are total 47
banks in Bangladesh (Private, nationalized, foreign, and specialized), operating in total of 8522
branches all over the country (Bangladesh Bank Annual report, 2010-11). Many foreign
companies are also entering in to the country from past few decades due to the extensive
government support. The prime reasons for attracting these graduates in these fields are their
lucrative pay package, the job security and prospective career growth and above all the growing
job opportunities. The positive part of the study is that most of the sample business students
chosen their business major with a clear idea about their prospective career. But these students
seem to give less importance towards the need of post- graduation, which they will require to
hold executive position in any business organization in course of their career progress.
Moreover, the regression analysis has revealed that the career preference dependent on business
major where the value of regression coefficient is computed 0.814, which is also significant at
0%. In the regression model it is seen that the value of R2 has been 0.805 and that of adjusted R2

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has been 0.762. If we conclude with the help of the value of adjusted R2, it can be said that the
dependent variable career preference (teaching, banking, entrepreneur, Multinational
Companies-MNC, Non-Government Organization-NGO, Government Service-GOVT, Small
and Medium Enterprise-SME, Research Organization-RO, Non-Banking Financial Institute-
NBF, Others) of the business graduates is explained to the extent of 76.2% by the business
majors (Accounting, HRM, Finance, and Marketing) as taken by the students.

This study investigates the factors that influence Bangladeshi Business students while selecting
their career preference. The study also investigates any actual difference among the career
preference and factors influencing for choosing the career of male and female business students.
The collected data were processed in SPSS soft-ware. Most of the questions were of nominal and
ordinal scale characteristics, which only permit the calculation of number, frequency and the use
of cross tables. Hence we also adopted the simple regression with business major (Accounting,
HRM, Finance, Marketing) and career preference (teaching, banking, entrepreneur, Multinational
Companies-MNC, Non-Government Organization-NGO, Government Service-GOVT, Small
and Medium Enterprise-SME, Research Organization-RO, Non-Banking Financial Institute-
NBF, Others) to find out the significance of the study.[ CITATION Gre08 \l 1033 ]

Conclusion
The components of self-exploration are interest, talent, and work values. Students work values
gives priority the independence in work .provisory relation. Finding shows that students have
apathy toward the research and social work but they want to be entrepreneur. The other part of
career exploration is environmental exploration. Just exploring the self is doing the half of career
choice but to make it full there is no alternative of exploring the environment. Environmental
exploration incorporates the family, organization, occupation and job related factors. The
outcome of this study shows that the spouses’ different career aspiration doesn’t hamper the
career progress but child emotional need makes bar to build individual career. This study reveals
that the students want a challenging job; want to maintain social relationship, like to show time
commitment to work. Findings from organization perspective show that the industry outlook,
financial health of organization and business strategy affects the decision of students’ career
choice

References

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Works Cited
Gardner, C. a. (2007). factor influencing career development.

Greenhaus. (2008). factor influencing for career development.

Sakil, M. Z. (2018). hamdard university bangladesh.

Aycan, Z. and Fikret-Pasa, S. (2003), “Career choices, job selection criteria and leadership