-LESSON 2 

Medical ​Concern 
 
Prepregnancy 
 
Serious medical concerns that  
affects pregnant women 
 
1. ​Blighted ovum 
(​Anembryonic Pregnancy) 
 
​Ovum 
fertilized egg 
 
​womb 
uterus 
 
1. Blighted ovum 
(​Anembryonic Pregnancy) 
 
 happens in ​early pregnancy 
after ​conception 
 
implanted fertilized egg in  
uterus fails to develop into  
embryo 
 
​Blighted ova ​- result from
chromosomal abnormalities 
 

 
 
 
 
2. ​Ectopic Pregnancy 
 
fertilized implant outside 
uterus. 
 
known as ​tubal pregnancy. 
 fertilized egg ​implanted on 
one of ​fallopian tubes 
instead walls​ of ​uterus. 
 
3. P
​ OLYCYSTIC OVARY 
SYNDROME ​(PCOS) 
 
hormonal imbalance in  
hormones estrogen ​and 
progesterone levels ​of woman 
can lead to ​OVARIAN CYSTS 
 
OVARIAN CYSTS 
benign masses on the   
ovaries and can cause 
problems with women 
 
women with PCOS ​have 
risk of miscarriage 
gestational diabetes 
 premature delivery 
 
 
4. ​MYOMA (​ PCOS) 
known as ​Fibroid 
 
 
Fibroid 
a ​benign​ - ​noncancerous 
tumor ​that develop ​in​ or 
around ​uterus 
 
How to reduce symptoms 
or ​removing ​fibroid 
medications 
hormones 
surgical procedures 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Don’t memorize. Read only 
DURING PREGNANCY 
pregnant should  
attend pre-natal appointments 
report troubling symptoms to 
doctors or midwives 
 
medical check ups and 
screening tests 
 
doctor discuss concerns – 
healthy eating and 
physical activity 
what to expect during 
labor and delivery 
 
Some medical concerns 
during Pregnancy 
1. Preeclampsia 
affects pregnant women 
during ​2nd​
​ half of pregnancy 
or 
 
after baby delivered 
 
Hypertension 
(high blood pressure) 
 
 
Proteinuria 
 (​presence of ​protein  
in the ​urine) 
 
Oedema  
swelling of  
feet 
  hands 
  face  
  caused by​ ​retention 

 
 
2. ​Placenta Previa 
obstetric complication 
 
implantation of ​placenta
 near to 
 
or 
 
overlying ​outlet of uterus
(opening of ​uterus,  
the ​cervix)

Placenta Previa 
 
cause ​morbidity​ ​and ​mortality
 
to ​fetus ​and ​mother
Placenta  
temporary ​organ  
joins​ ​mother​ ​and ​fetus 
 
transfers ​oxygen and nutrients 
 
from ​mother ​to​ fetus
3.  Gestational  
Diabetes 
 
type of ​diabetes  
affects ​women ​during 
pregnancy 
 
Diabetes 
condition too much 
glucose ​in the blood. 
 
Diatery control 
reduction​ ​fat intake 
 
substitution ​complex 
carbohydrates ​to 
refined carbohydrates  
 to maintain: 
maternal blood
glucose profile 
during 
gestation 
 
Gestation diabetes 
can harm ​mother ​and 
baby. ​Should be 
treated. 
 
 
Treatment ​for 
gestation diabetes 
aimed keeping  
blood sugar levels 
EQUAL 
 
To those ​without 
gestational diabetes 
Special meal plans 
with ​food low sugar 
content. 
 Scheduled ​physical 
activities ​and 
exercises. 
 
Daily ​blood  
glucose testing 
 
Insulin injections 
 
 
 
Suhi or  
Breech Position 
 normal and safest ​fetal 
position ​for ​BIRTH -  
Head-Down  
Position 
 
4 o​ ut of ​100 b​ irths 
baby ​is in ​breech position 
 
 
 
baby ​in ​breech position 
delivered by  
 
caesarean ​or  
 c-section 
 
3 breech positions 
Complete breech 
Footling breech
Frank breech 
 
Complete breech 
buttocks​ ​down near  
birth canal 

knees ​are ​bent 

 
feet​ near ​buttocks 
 
 
Footling breech 
one leg ​or ​both legs  
stretched out below 
buttocks 
 
leg ​or ​legs ​are in place 
to come out 
Frank breech 
buttocks ​in place to come 
out first during delivery 
 
legs ​straight up in front of 
body. ​feet ​near the ​head 
 
 
Routine Exam 
doctor ​does  
 fetal ultrasound 
to find ​position of the  
baby 
 
Doctor may know 
baby ​is in ​breech 
when ​cervix ​is 
checked. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Doctor may turn baby 
from  
breech position 

to  
normal head 
down position 
 
using 
cephalic version 
procedure 
 
Post Pregnancy 
Postpartum Disorder 
new mothers experience  
baby blues​ after childbirth 
emotional mood  

feeling of rejection 

crying spells  

loneliness 
 

​1. ​Postpartum    
  ​Depression 
 
severe long lasting 
form of depression 
 
MOTHERS  
WITH ​postpartum    
  depression 
focus on negative  
events of childcare 
 
it lasts ​several months 
or ​year 
 
2. ​Sepsis 
serious ​medical condition 
and body has immune to 
infection 
  
caused by ​viral ​or ​fungal 
infection 
 
blood poisoning  
(septicaemia) 
 
organ failure leading to septic 
shock 
 
 
 
symptoms of sepsis 
fever 
chills 
rapid breathing and heart 
rate rash 
confusion 
disorientation 
 
3. ​Tubal Ligation 
 
major surgery performed after 
childbirth through ​incision 
or ​during caesarean 
delivery. 
 
Tubal Ligation 
 
blocks the fallopian tubes. 
Prevents the egg to move to 
the tubes. 
 
BILATERAL TUBAL 
LITIGATION ​- ​BTL 
sperm cannot reach the egg in   
fallopian tube after it is 
released 
  
it involves surgeon 
 
 
 
VASECTOMY 
male surgical  
sterilization procedure. 
 
4. ​Hilot or Birth  
​Attendants 
 
pregnant women in barrios and 
municipalities rely on 
manghihilot. 

 
 
 
 
manghihilot 
traditional birth attendants 
and have no official obstetric 
training. 
 
manghihilot 
older woman considers herself as 
private health care practitioner. 
 
manghihilot 
due to lack of education 
they perform the delivery risky for  
women and babies 
 
 
 
baby blues 
Sepsis 
viral ​or 
fungal infections 
 
inflammation 
blood clots 
blood poisoning 
(septicaemia) 
 
Tubal Ligation 
small incision 
cesarian delivery 
 fallopian tubes 
bilateral tubal  
litigation 
clamp/band 
cauterizing 
vasectomy 
male surgical 
sterilization 
 
Hilot or ​Birth  
​Attendants 
manghihilot 
 
 obstetric training 
postpartum