Group Theory Assignment 5

Chapter 9, Pg 188

Q47. Show that the intersection of two normal subgroups of G is a

normal subgroup of G.

Let G be a group and X C G and Y C G be two normal subgroups.

Firstly, we will prove (X ∩ Y ) ≤ G
We have (X ∩ Y ) 6= φ
∵ eG ∈ X and eG ∈ Y
⇒ eG ∈ (X ∩ Y )
Since X is a group, ∴ ∀a ∈ X ∃ a−1 ∈ (X ∩ Y )
Similarly we can show for Y .
∴ ∀ a ∈ (X ∩ Y ) ∃ a−1 ∈ (X ∩ Y ) :
aa−1 = a−1 a = eG
∀ a, b ∈ (X ∩ Y ) ∃ ab−1 ∈ (X ∩ Y )
∵ both a and b−1 ∈ X, ab−1 ∈ X
Similarly we can show for Y .
∴ result is true for X ∩ Y .
Secondly, proving (X ∩ Y ) C G, (X ∩ Y ) is a subgroup of G(proved above).
∀ n ∈ (X ∩ Y ), ∀ g ∈ G : gng −1 ∈ X, and
∀ n ∈ (X ∩ Y ), ∀ g ∈ G : gng −1 ∈ Y ,
(∵ if N ≤ G, N C G :⇔ ∀ n ∈ N, ∀ g ∈ G : gng −1 ∈ N )
∀ n ∈ (X ∩ Y ), ∀ g ∈ G : gng −1 ∈ (X ∩ Y )
(X ∩ Y ) C G