inDEx oF ExaM sKills anD tasKs

The activities in Pathways Reading, Writing, and Critical Thinking develop key reading skills
needed for success on standardized tests such as TOEFL® and IELTS. In addition, many of the
activities provide useful exam practice because they are similar to common question types in
these tests.

Key reading skills iElts toEFl® Page(s)

Recognizing vocabulary from context 14, 17, 18, 26, 36, 39, 59, 62, 63, 81, 85, 104, 109, 127, 130, 154, 155, 176,
P P
179, 196, 200, 219, 223
Identifying main ideas P P 12, 35, 58, 81, 104, 126, 150, 175, 196, 219
Identifying supporting ideas P P 12, 35, 58, 81, 104, 126, 150, 175, 176, 196, 219, 220, 221
Scanning for details P P 12, 35, 82, 105, 126, 151, 196, 219
Making inferences P P 39, 85, 127, 168, 221
Recognizing pronoun references P P 15, 19
Understanding charts and infographics P 2, 13, 72, 82, 118, 140, 164, 177, 178, 188, 201, 202, 208

common Question types iElts toEFl® Page(s)

Multiple choice P P 20, 39, 75, 81, 83, 110, 154, 177, 179, 211, 223
Completion (notes, diagram, chart) P 13, 14, 17, 35, 60, 82, 105, 154, 176, 200
Completion (summary) P 150, 196
Short answer P 12, 39, 58, 85, 106, 109, 126, 151, 175, 219, 220, 221, 223
Matching headings / information P 35, 36, 62, 104, 106, 126, 128, 218
Categorizing (Matching features) P P 62, 132, 150, 154, 219
True / False / Not Given P 17
Prose summary P 110, 111
Rhetorical purpose P 126, 127, 152, 220, 221

Level 4 of Pathways Reading, Writing, and Critical Thinking also develops key writing skills
needed for exam success.
key Writing skills unit(s)
Writing a strong introduction and conclusion 1, 2
Expressing and justifying opinions 1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 10
Giving reasons and examples 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
Paraphrasing / Summarizing 4, 5, 7, 9, 10
Making comparisons 4
Describing problems and solutions 1, 2, 8
Explaining a process 9
Expressing agreement and disagreement 3, 8
Describing a graph or chart 9

Pathways cEFr iElts band toEFl® score

level 4 c1 6.5–7.0 81–100
Level 3 B2 5.5–6.0 51–80
Level 2 B1–B2 4.5–5.0 31–50
Level 1 A2–B1
0–4.0 0–30
Foundations A1–A2

262 i n D E x o F E x a M s k i l l s a n D ta s k s

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