 卢敏老师微博热词汇总

 低碳生活 low-carbon lifestyle

 减排 reduce emission
 绿色发展 green development
 碳足迹 carbon footprint
 中国特色社会主义 socialism with Chinese characteristics
 民主集中制 the system of democratic centralism
 红色旅游 red tourism
 红船精神 Red Boat Spirit
 坚定信心埋头苦干 unshakable confidence and hard work with great determination
 谱写新时代中原更加出彩的绚丽篇章 write a magnificent chapter of the central region in the new era
 不断增强人民群众获得感、幸福感、安全感 give people a stronger sense of fulfillment, happiness and
security
 把制造业高质量发展作为主攻方向 focus on the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry
 把创新摆在发展全局的突出位置 give priority to innovation in overall development
 源头上解决生态环境问题 address environmental issues at the source
 同台当局断绝“外交关系”sever "diplomatic ties" with the Taiwan authorities
 台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。Taiwan is an inalienable part of China's territory.
 中国和太平洋岛国关系保持快速发展势头。 The relations between China and Pacific island countries
maintain a momentum for rapid development.
 事关中华民族伟大复兴和永续发展的千秋大计 be critical to the great rejuvenation and sustainable
development of the Chinese nation
 抑制不合理用水需求 curb unreasonable water demand
 积 极 探 索 富 有 地 域 特 色 的 高 质 量 发 展 新 路 子 explore new ways of high-quality development with
regional characteristics
 保护、传承、弘扬黄河文化 preserve, inherit and carry forward the Yellow River culture
 中华民族的根和魂 the root and soul of the Chinese nation
 在 2016 年举行公投 call the referendum in 2016
 支持留在欧盟 support remaining in the EU
 全力应对英国脱欧问题 wrestle with the Brexit issue
 共和国勋章 the Medal of the Republic
 七一勋章 the July 1 Medal
 八一勋章 the August 1 Medal
 友谊勋章 the Friendship Medal
 国家荣誉称号 national titles of honor
 功勋簿 Book of Merit
 冬季奥运会 Winter Olympics
 奥运会吉祥物  Olympic mascots
 奥运会会歌，《奥林匹克圣歌》 Olympic Hymn/Anthem
 奥林匹克精神 the Olympic spirit
 主办城市 host city
 基本医保 basic medical insurance
 社会保障体系 social security system
 社保基金 social security funds
 我将无我，不负人民。 I will work selflessly and live up to the expectations of the people./ I will fully
commit to my people and never fail the people./I am ready to set aside my own interests in service of the
people./ I will never seek my own good and never fail the people.
 共有产权住房 homes with shared ownership
 新媒体 new media
 融媒体 integrated media
 多媒体 multimedia
 全媒体 omnimedia
 精准扶贫 targeted poverty alleviation
 打赢蓝天保卫战 to make our skies blue again/ fight to keep our skies blue / fight for blue skies
 党 的 领 导 、 人 民 当 家 作 主 、 依 法 治 国 The Party as leaders, the people as masters, and law-based
governance
 中国特色大国外交 pursue diplomacy with our own characteristics as a major country
 民族地区 ethnic minority areas
 形式主义 the practice of formalities for formalities’ sake/ going through the motions
 决 不 能 “ 新 官 不 理 旧 账 ” New officials must continue to meet the commitment undertaken by their
predecessors.
 决不允许搞选择性执法、任性执法 Selective and arbitrary law enforcement is unacceptable.
 简政放权、放管结合、优化服务改革 [“放、管、服”改革] streamline the government, delegate power,
and improve government services
 三是深化供给侧结构性改革，实体经济活力不断释放。 加大“破、立、降”力度。
 Third, we continued/boosted/bolstered supply-side structural reform and steadily unleashed the dynamism of
the real economy. We strengthened work to cut ineffective supply, foster new growth drivers, and reduce
costs.
 新型城镇化 a new model/type of urbanization/new urbanization
 平安中国 a safe and secure China
 经济外交、人文交流成果丰硕。 Our economic diplomacy and cultural and people-to-people exchanges
yielded rich fruit.
 我国经济发展在高基数上总体平稳、稳中有进 Against a large base, the Chinese economy has achieved
generally stable growth while making further progress.
 着力稳就业、稳金融、稳外贸、稳外资、稳投资、稳预期 maintain stability in employment, financial
operations, foreign trade, foreign investment, domestic investment, and expectations
 大众创业万众创新 widespread entrepreneurship and innovation
 文化惠民工程 cultural programs in the public interest
 红色资源 sites and heritage related to the CPC
 深度贫困地区 severely impoverished areas/ areas of extreme poverty
 高质量发展 quality development/ high-quality development
 高水平开放 raise/drive opening up to a higher level
 这 次 减 税 ， 着 眼 “ 放 水 养 鱼 ” 、 增 强 发 展 后 劲 并 考 虑 财 政 可 持 续 。 These tax cuts aim at
accommodating the interests of companies.
 开 展 项 目 经 费 使 用 “ 包 干 制 ” 改 革 试 点 test a lump-sum project-funding scheme/ test a lump-sum
funding scheme for projects
 健全激励约束机制和尽职免责机制，营造干部愿干事、敢干事、能干成事的环境。We will improve
 the mechanisms for offering incentives, imposing constrains, and ensure no one who has fulfilled their duties
will be held liable for anything beyond their control. We should create an atmosphere in which officials are
eager to try, unafraid to fail, and able to deliver.
 国家大数据战略 the national big data strategy
 网络强国战略 the national cyber development strategy
 家政服务业 home service industry
 失独家庭 parents/families who have lost their only child
 创新、活力、 联动 、 包容 的世界经济 an innovative, invigorated, interconnected and inclusive world
economy
 个人信息泄漏 leakage of personal information
 自拍杆 selfie stick
 绿色生活方式 green lifestyle
 农产品市场准入 market access to agricultural products
 原产地规则 the country-of-origin rule
 消费模式 consumption pattern
 快递服务 express delivery service
 民间机构 non-government institutions
 绿水青山就是金山银山。 Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets.
 全面经济伙伴关系 the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP)
 东盟经济共同体 the ASEAN Economic Community
 多边贸易体制 multilateral trade system
 区域经济一体化 regional economic integration
 减少库存 reduce stock
 保持竞争 keep one's competitive edge
 优化重组产业结构 industrial optimization and reorganization
 过剩产能 excessive production capacity
 设计理念 design philosophy
 道虽迩，不行不至；事虽小，不为不成。 Even the shortest journey can't be finished without taking the
first step. Even the most trivial task can't be completed without taking action.
 钻石十年 a diamond decade
 目前经济仍然 运行在合理区 间，保持平稳较快发展。The overall economy has operated within the
reasonable range and maintained steady and fairly rapid growth.
 凡治国之道，必先富民。The key to running a country is to make its people better-off.
 人口迁徙 population migration
 智能家居 smart home appliances
 生态文明绩效评价考核和责任追究 ecological conservation performance assessment and accountability
 生态环境损害责任终身追究制 system of lifelong accountability for ecological and environmental damage
 污染物排放许可制 permit system for pollutants emissions
 就业创业 employment and entrepreneurship
 资源有偿使用和生态补偿制度 system for payment-based resource use and compensation for ecological
conservation
 气候友好型技术 climate-friendly technology
 生态保护红线 ecological conservation red line
 节 约 优 先 、 保 护 优 先 、 自 然 恢 复 为 主 give high priority to conserving resources, protecting the
 environment, and letting nature restore itself
 绿色发展、循环发展、低碳发展 green, circular, and low-carbon development
 国家英语能力等级考试 a hierarchical national English proficiency test
 中国经济融入全球金融体系 integrating the Chinese economy into the global financial system
 国际储备货币 international reserve currency
 人民币加入特别提款权货币篮子 the inclusion of China's currency in the Special Drawing Rights basket
 文职人员 administrative and non-combat personnel
 打断骨头连着筋 connected by our flesh even if our bones are broken
 为天地立心，为生民立命，为往圣继绝学，为万世开太平。 To ordain conscience for Heaven and
Earth. To secure life and fortune for the people. To continue lost teachings for past sages. To establish peace
for all future generations.
 国家生态安全 national ecological security
 生态文化 eco-culture
 生态文明 ecological progress; ecological conservation;eco-civilization
 生命共同体 a community of life
 人与自然和谐发展 humankind develops in harmony with nature; harmonious development between man
and nature
 全球网络治理 Internet global governance
 全面建成 小康社会决胜阶段 the decisive stage in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in
all respects
 国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划（“十三五”规划） the 13th Five-Year Plan for National
Economic and Socia lDevelopment (the 13th Five-Year Plan )
 商业模式 business model
 开放发展 open development
 共享是中国特色社会主义的本质要求 Sharing is the essence of socialism with Chinese characteristics
 共享发展 shared development
 大病医疗 critical illness medical care
 网络版权 Internet intellectual property rights
 协 调 是 持 续 健 康 发 展 的 内 在 要 求 。 Coordination is an integral aspect of sustained and healthy
development.
 绿色发展 green development; eco-friendly development
 坚持人民主体地位 uphold the principal position of the people
 创新发展 innovative development
 内幕交易 insider trading
 联合国会费 United Nations' dues
 “宽带中国”战略 the "Broad band China" strategy
 基于互联网的各类创新 multiple Internet-based innovations
 “互联网+”行动计划 the"Internet Plus" Initiative
 全球变暖 global warming
 气候变化 climate change
 留守儿童 left-behind children
 农村留守人口 rural left-behind population
 开 放 是 国 家 繁 荣 发 展 的 必 由 之 路 Opening up is the path China must take to achieve prosperity and
development.
 全球经济金融治理 global economic and financial governance
 中国在世界经济最困难的时刻，承担了拉动增长的重任。China shouldered the responsibility of driving
economic growth in times of the world economic hardship.
 目前，中国经济增速虽有所放缓，对世界经济增长的贡献率仍在 30%以上，仍是世界经济重要动力
源。Despite are cent slowdown, China still contributes 30 percent to world economic growth,which means
that China still acts as a major world economic powerhouse.
 摇一摇 shake one's smartphone
 剁手族 hands-chopping people
 网购消费者 online consumers
 网络强国 Internet power
 商品交易总额 gross merchandise volume
 电信诈骗 telecom fraud
 实体店 a brick-and-mortar shop
 电商巨鳄 an e-commerce giant
 光棍节 Singles Day
 双 11 购物节 the Nov. 11 Shopping Day
 难民潮 the influx of refugees
 资本市场改革 capital market reform
 信息披露 information disclosure
 人民币对美元中间价 the RMB yuan's central parity rate against the U.S. dollar
 跨 区 域 、 跨 流 域 生 态 补 偿 机 制 mechanism for trans-regional and cross-watershed compensation for
ecological conservation
 履行气候资金责任 fulfill financial obligations to combat climate change
 共同但有区别的责任原则 principle of common but differentiated responsibilities
 推动双边关系再上新台阶 lift bilateral ties to a new level
 全面两孩政策 the universal two-child policy
 断崖式下跌 a cliff-like drop/ fall off a cliff
 政治互信和经济互补 mutual political trust and economic complementarity
 生态保护红线区 ecological protection red line
 空气重污染红色预警 red alert for heavy air pollution
 养老金双轨制 dual pension system
 可再生资源回收 renewable resource recycling
 内需疲软 sluggish domestic demand
 验证码 verification code
 基 础 四 国 （ BASIC countries ） 指 巴 西 （ Brazil ） 、 南 非 （ South Africa ） 、 印 度 （ India ） 、 中 国
（China）四国
 熔断机制 circuit-breaker mechanism
 世界记忆名录 Memory of the World Register
 跨太平洋伙伴关系协定 Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPP)
 十三五规划 the 13th Five-year Plan
 网络主权 cyber sovereignty
 电子监控系统 electronic monitoring system
 电子眼 electronic eye
 强不执弱，富不侮贫。The strong should not oppress the weak and the rich should not bully the poor.
 寻求庇护者 asylum seekers
 难民危机 refugee crisis
 鞋子合不合脚，自己穿着才知道。一个国家的发展道路合不合适，只有这个国家的人民才最有发言
权。 Whether the shoe fits or not, only the wearer knows. It is the people of a country that are in the best
position to judge the path of development they have chosen for themselves.
 九•一八事变 the September 18th Incident
 犯下滔天罪行 commit horrible crimes
 南京大屠杀 Nanjing Massacre
 近代中国史上最黑暗的日子 the darkest days in the history of modern China
 超高净值人士 ultra-high-net-worth individual
 高净值人群 high-net-worth individuals
 高净值资产家庭 high-net-worth families
 净资产 net worth
 可投资资产 investable assets
 可支配收入 disposable income
 大亨 mogul
 收益 revenue
 校友 alumni /ə'lʌmnaɪ/
 功崇惟志，业广惟勤 Great accomplishments require ambition and tireless effort.
 政贵有恒 Consistency is valuable in governance.
 千里之行，始于足下 A journey of a thousand li begins with a single step.
 志合者，不以山海为远。 Nothing, not even mountains and oceans, can separate people with shared goals
and vision.
 苟 日 新 ， 日 日 新 ， 又 日 新 If you can improve yourself in a day, do so each day,forever building on
improvement.
 凡是过去，皆为序章。 What's past, is prologue.
 民本和法制思想 the concept of putting people first and following the rule of law
 大众创业 万众创新 mass entrepreneurship and innovation
 为两国各领域务实合作注入新动力 inject new impetus in practical cooperation between the two countries
in all fields
 共同开启中英全面战略伙伴关系的"黄金时代" jointly usher in a 'golden era' for China-UK comprehensive
strategic partnership
 智者创造机会，而不是等待机会。A wise man will make more opportunities than he finds.
 人民币境外交易中心 an offshore RMB trading center
 中国要强，农业必须强；中国要美，农村必须美；中国要富，农民必须富。 If China wants to be
strong, agriculture must be strong. If China wants to be beautiful, the countryside must be beautiful. If China
wants to get rich, the farmers must get rich.
 小康不小康，关键看老乡。 When defining a moderately prosperous society, the key is to observe the
condition of farmers.
 专车业务 tailored taxi service
 招标采购 bidding purchases
 追赃 recover ill-gotten gains
 整容手术 plastic surgery
 全球治理体制 global governance system
 黄金时代 a golden era
 深谋远虑 take into account both immediate and long-term interests
 远近兼顾 due attention to both short and long-range targets
 君子成人之美，不成人之恶。A gentleman helps others fulfill good deeds and never help sthem in bad
deeds.
 一万年太久，只争朝夕。Ten thousand years are too long; seize the day, seize the hour.
 相知无远近，万里尚为邻。Bosom friends make distance disappear.
 大海之阔，非一流之归也。The ocean is vast because it emits numerous rivers.
 高铁旅游 high-speed train trip
 纪念金币 commemorative gold coin
 中 国 人 民 抗 日 战 争 和 世 界 反 法 西 斯 战 争 the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese
Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War
 正义和邪恶、光明和黑暗、进步和反动的大决战 a decisive battle between justice and evil, between light
and darkness, and between progress and reaction
 职称评审 evaluation of professional titles
 铭记历史、缅怀先烈、珍爱和平、开创未来 bear history in mind, honor all those who laid down their
lives, cherish peace and open up the future
 绝不让历史悲剧重演 this historical tragedy will never repeat itself
 国企改革 SOE reforms
 举行大阅兵 stage a grand parade
 国际反法西斯统一战线 the international anti-fascist united front
 中国开辟了世界反法西斯战争的东方主战场。 The main Eastern battlefield for the Global War against
Fascism was developed in China. 蓝筹股 shares in blue chip companies
 公积金贷款 housing provident fund loans
 极客 geek
 时尚元素 fashion elements
 特赦 special amnesty
 电动汽车 electric vehicle
 国际田径联合会 the International Association of Athletics Federations(IAAF)
 名嘴 Popular TV presenter
 景区电子门票 sightseeing e-coupon
 铁腕治污 Fight pollution with an iron hand
 高能耗产业 energy-intensive industries
 持续贬值 continued depreciation
 世界经济增长动力之源 a driver of global economic growth
 战争是一面镜子，能够让人更好认识和平的珍贵。War is like a mirror. Looking at it helps us better
appreciate the value of peace.
 为了和平，我们要牢固树立人类命运共同体意识。In the interest of peace, we need to foster a keen sense
of a global community of shared future
 产能过剩 excess manufacturing capacity
 提速降费 faster and more affordable Internet connection
 黑客 hacking
 电信网络诈骗 telecom fraud
 侵犯公民个人隐私 violation of citizens' privacy
 违法犯罪行为 criminal offenses
 利益链条 profit chain
 高压态势 tough stance
 维护人民群众合法权益 safeguard legal rights and interests of the people.
 中华民族创造了具有 5000 多年历史的灿烂文明，也一定能够创造出更加灿烂的明天。Having created
a splendid civilization of over 5,000 years,the Chinese nation will certainly usher in an even brighter future.
 “ 靡 不 有 初 ， 鲜 克 有 终 。 ” As an ancient Chinese saying goes, "After making a good start, we should
ensure that the cause achieves fruition."
 鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已。 I will work heart and soul for my country to the day I draw my last breath. 兄弟齐
心，其利断金。When brothers come together, there is nothing they cannot achieve.
 应对人口老龄化 address the challenge of an aging population
 独生子女政策 one-child policy
 长风破浪会有时， 直挂云帆济沧海。 Someday, with my sail piercing the clouds; I will mount the wind,
break the waves, and traverse the vast, rolling sea.
 富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈 never be corrupted by wealth or status, depart from principle due
to poverty or humble position, or bow down to power or force
 位卑未敢忘忧国。 Whatever my status, I will never lay aside my concern forthe nation.
 优化人口结构 optimize the demographic structure
 总装下线 roll off final assembly line
 自主研制的大型客机 domestically-produced passenger aircraft
 高端制造业 high-end equipment manufacturing
 两岸关系 cross-Straits relations
 务实安排 a pragmatic arrangement
 拥 有 核 心 技 术 或 独 立 知 识 产 权 的 企 业 enterprises with core technology or independent intellectual
property rights
 增 进 互 信 ， 促 进 合 作 ， 妥 善 处 理 分 歧 enhance mutual trust, boost cooperation and properly handle
differences
 优化投资环境 optimize the investment environment
 更大程度地让市场调配 let the market have a greater say
 非知之艰，行之惟艰 Knowing is not that difficult, but doing is。
 快闪商店（临时铺位商店）a pop-up shop
 绿色发展方式和生活方式 green development and living models
 户籍改革 reform of household registration system
 文化体制改革 reform of cultural administrative system; cultural restructuring
 社交媒体文案 Social Media Copywriter; 产品总设计师 Chief Product Designer
 文化创意产业 cultural creative industry
 大厦之成，非一木之材也；大海之阔，非一流之归也。 As the saying goes, “A building isn’t made of a
single piece of timber, and an ocean isn’t created by a single river.”
 社保基金 social security fund
 拓宽投资渠道 diversify investment channels
 重大决策责任倒查机制 mechanism for retroactive investigation into accountability for major decisions
 执法责任制 accountability system for law enforcement
 网络叫车服务 ride-hailing service
 有句话叫“心诚则灵”。 There is a Chinese saying, “Sincerity can work wonders.”
 骨干文化企业 leading/key cultural enterprises
 大数据试验区 big data pilot zone
 内生性增长 endogenous growth
 杀鸡取卵、竭泽而渔式的发展是不会长久的。 Killing the goose that lays the golden eggs and draining a
pond to catch fish is no formula for sustainable development.
 当今世界，中国不可能独善其身，只有世界好，中国才能好。 In today's world, it is impossible for
China to develop on its own; only when the world thrives can China prosper.
 有 不 同 才 能 相 互 补 益 ， 找 到 问 题 的 最 佳 解 决 方 案 。 Differences are the reason why we should
complement each other and find best solutions to issues.
 中国梦是中华民族的梦，也是每个中国人的梦。 The Chinese dream is as much the dream of every
Chinese as it is the dream of the whole nation.
 中国梦不是镜中花、水中月，不是空洞的口号。 The Chinese dream is not an illusion, nor is it an empty
slogan.
 充分利用互补优势 tap the potential of their complementary advantages
 充实中美关系战略内涵 enrich the strategic connotations of Sino-U.S. relations
 物之不齐，物之情也。It's only natural for things to be different.
 义无反顾推进改革 have the resolve and the guts to press ahead and move reform forward
 存款保险制度 deposit insurance system
 交通违法行为 traffic violations
 宪法日 Constitution Day
 高耗能､高排放行业 industries with high emissions and low energy efficiency
 节能环保产业 energy-efficient and environment-friendly industries
 网络文明 online civilization
 全民网络安全意识 public awareness of Internet security
 收回非法资产 recover illicit assets
 经济犯罪逃犯 economic fugitives
 引渡条约 extradition treaty
 督查组 inspection teams
 平等的商机 equal business opportunities
 经济互补性强 economies are highly complementary
 信息消费 information consumption
 网络零售 Internet-based retailing
 结构性减税和普遍性降费 make structural tax reductions and cut fees across the board
 精准扶贫、精准脱贫 take targeted measures to help people lift themselves out of poverty
 浇花浇根，交人交心。 When watering flowers, make sure that water goes down deep to the roots; and
when making friends, remember that best friends are those whose hearts are close.
 向改革创新要动力，向结构调整要助力，向民生改善要潜力 drive growth through reform, innovation
and structural readjustment and unleash potential through improving people's lives
 法治国家、法治政府、法治社会一体建设 a holistic approach to strengthening the rule of law in the
country, in its government, and in society
 法立，有犯而必施；令出，唯行而不返 Once enacted, a law must be enforced and anyone who violates it
must be held to account.
 依法治国和以德治国相结合 combine the rule of law with the rule of virtue
 21 世纪海上丝绸之路 21st Century Maritime Silk Road
 命运共同体 community of common destiny
 一带一路 One Belt and One Road
 中国核安全观 China's approach to nuclear security
 引导更多资金用于......等领域 channel more funds to the areas of .
 网络文学 online literature
 换股 stock swap
 党风廉政建设 foster clean governance
 坚持零容忍态度 take a zero tolerance stance
 养老保险 old-age insurance
 养老金制度 pension system/scheme
 职业年金 occupational annuities
 修复安全漏洞 patch security vulnerabilities
 权力清单 clarification of the rights of various departments
 自我净化 take a "self-purifying" approach
 离境退税政策 departure tax refund scheme
 中国制造的商品 China-made commodities
 公建民营 public-private partnerships
 全球新局势 the new global context
 大众创业 mass entrepreneurship
 中高速增长 medium-to-high speed of growth
 双边本币互换协议 bilateral currency swap agreement
 提供流动性支持 provide liquidity support
 中 国 经 济 要 行 稳 致 远 ， 必 须 全 面 深 化 改 革 。 To ensure long-term and steady growth of the Chinese
economy,we need to comprehensively deepen reforms
 用 好 政 府 和 市 场 这 “ 两 只 手 ” ， 形 成 “ 双 引 擎 ” 。 We need to properly use both the hand of the
government and the hand of the market, and rely on both the traditional and new engines of growth.
 提出 “一 带 一 路” 建设 put forward the initiatives to build the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st
Century Maritime Silk Road
 创新对外投资合作方式 explore new approaches to investment cooperation with other countries
 中国经济发展虽然取得很大成就，但公共产品与服务不足仍是“短板”。China has made remarkable
economic achievements, but in adequate supply of public goods and services remains a weak link in
development.
 国际物流大通道 international logistics gateways
 有权不可任性。Powers should not be held without good reason.
 为官不为。Some government officials neglect their duties.
 新兴产业集群 clusters of emerging industries
 大众创业、万众创新 encourage people to start their own businesses and to make innovations
 个人游 individual visits
 绩效收入 performance-based income
 任期激励 incentive income during the tenure
 职务犯罪 duty-related crimes
 体制性障碍 institutional bottleneck
 书香社会 a nation of avid readers
 互联网+ Internet Plus
 环保意识弱 weak public awareness of environmental protection
 管理漏洞 administration loopholes
 “三期叠加”矛盾 deal simultaneously with slowdown in economic growth, structural imbalances and the
after-effects of previous stimulus policies
 社会信用代码制度 unified system of codes for credit rating
 数字经济 d-economy
 “中国制造 2025”战略 "Made in China2025" strategy
 “工业 4.0”战略 "Industry 4.0"project
 最惠国待遇 the most favored nation (MFN) status
 零关税进入中国市场 tariff-free access to Chinese market
 志合者，不以山海为远。Even mountains and seas cannot distance people with common aspirations.
 天高任鸟飞, 海阔凭鱼跃。The sky is unlimited for birds to fly at ease, as the ocean is boundless for fish to
leap at will.
 一花独放不是春，百花齐放春满园。A single flower does not make spring, while one hundred flowers in
full blossom bring spring to the garden.
 货币政策注重松紧适度。 The monetary policy should be neither too tight nor too loose.
 以史为鉴、面向未来 take history as a mirror and look forward to the future
 建设互信、包容、合作、共赢的亚太伙伴关系 forge a partnership of mutual trust, inclusiveness and win-
win cooperation
 尊重彼此主权和领土完整，尊重各自选择的政治制度和发展道路，不把自己的意志和模式强加于对
方 respect each other's sovereign and territorial integrity as well as political system and development path,
instead of imposing one's will and model on the other
 定向减税 targeted tax reduction
 自驾游 self-driving tours
 协商民主 consultative democracy
 碳排放强度 carbon emission intensity
 一次能源消费 primary energy consumption
 随着总量扩大，经济增长的就业容量扩大了，对波动的容忍度也提高了。 As the economic aggregate
continues to expand, growth will mean more jobs and there will be greater tolerance to fluctuations.
 我们采取的措施既利当前、更惠长远，有能力防范出现大的起伏，更不会发生“硬着陆”。 The
measures we have taken are good both for now and for longer-term interests, and will therefore enable us to
prevent major fluctuations and make a 'hard landing' even less possible.
 为中印关系奠定积极的基调 set a positive tone for Sino-Indian ties
 开弓没有回头箭。Just like an arrow shot, there will be no turning back.
 信仰缺失 loss of faith
 信誉赤字 credibility deficit
 内需潜力 d omestic demand potential
 新型城镇化 new-type urbanization
 这些新的合作必将增进两国人民福祉，给两国人民带来实实在在的利益。 These new cooperation
programs will surely deliver real benefits to our two peoples and enhance their wellbeing.
 达成广泛共识 reach broad consensus
 通关程序 customs clearance procedures
 反恐斗争 anti-terror campaign
 全国电视讲话 nationally televised address
 国会授权 congressional authority
 战略协调和配合 strategic coordination and collaboration
 各领域互利合作 mutually beneficial cooperation in various fields
 众人拾柴火焰高。Many hands make light work.
 历史性的公投 historic referendum
 寻求独立的武装叛乱分子 independence-seeking insurgents
 初步报告 preliminary report
 大屏 bigger screens
 移动支付平台 mobile payments platform
 执法一视同仁 non-discriminatory law enforcement
 海外势力的介入 the involvement of overseas forces
 “占中”运动 the Occupy Central movement
 社会主义法治国家 a country under the socialist rule of law
 中国特色社会主义法治体系 the socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics
 建设法治政府 build a law-abiding government
 飞行试验器 an experimental spacecraft
 发展势头 development momentum
 产销率 sale-to-output ratio
 精神食粮 food for thought
 消除贫困 poverty eradication
 依法治国 rule of law
 社会公正 social justice
 消除饥饿 eradicate hunger
 低就业率专业 low employment rate majors
 高失业风险专业 majors with high risk of unemployment
 治国理政 state governance
 战后重建 post-war reconstruction
 和平进程 peace process
 学术造假 commit academic cheating
 套取国家科研经费 swindle state scientific research funds
 广阔的合作前景 broad cooperation prospects
 多变的国际形势 the volatile international situation
 认知功能 cognitive function
 主要污染物 major air pollutant
 定向降准 targeted reduction of required bank reserve ratio
 与邻为善、以邻为伴的方针 the policy of enhancing good-neighborliness and partnership with neighbors
 亲、诚、惠、容的理念 the principles of amity, sincerity, mutual benefit and inclusiveness
 中 共 中 央 关 于 全 面 推 进 依 法 治 国 若 干 重 大 问 题 的 决 定 Resolution of the Central Committee of the
Communist Party of China on Major Issues Concerning the Enhancement of all-round Law-based
Governance
 坚 持 依 法 治 国 、 依 法 执 政 、 依 法 行 政 共 同 推 进 make coordinated efforts to exercise law-based
governance, political power and administration
 从我国基本国情出发 based on China’s realities
 汲取中华法律文化精华 draw on the fine legacy of the Chinese legal culture
 完善以宪法为核心的中国特色社会主义法律体系 improve the socialist system of laws with Chinese
characteristics, at the heart of which is the Constitution/ with the Constitution at its heart
 人 民 是 依 法 治 国 的 主 体 和 力 量 源 泉 。 The people are major participants in conducting law-based
governance and provide the source of strength for it.
 把贿赂犯罪对象由财物扩大为财物和其他财产性利益 expand the definition of a bribe from “property”
alone to “property or/and other things of benefits”
 坚持以事实为根据、以法律为准绳，健全事实认定符合客观真相、办案结果符合实体公正、办案过
程符 合程 序公 正的法律 制度 upholding the legal system with the following features: administration of
justice is based on facts and law, findings are consistent with facts, substantive justice is served as shown in
the outcome of cases handled and due procedures are observed in handling cases
 严格执行重大执法决定法制审核制度 intensify efforts to maintain law and order
 加快建设社会主义法治国家 press ahead with efforts to promote the socialist rule of law in China
 建 设 中 国 特 色 社 会 主 义 法 治 体 系 establish a system of socialist rule of law with distinctive Chinese
features
 坚持法治国家、法治政府、法治社会一体建设 build a country, government and society under the rule of
law
 社会主义市场经济本质上是法治经济。 The socialist market economy is a law-based economy.
 贯彻 中国特色社会主义法治理论 apply the theory of developing socialist rule of law with distinctive
Chinese features
 增强全民法治观念/推动全社会树立法治意识 heighten public awareness of the rule of law
 加强理想信念教育，深入开展社会主义核心价值观和社会主义法治理念教育 encourage people to have
faith in shared ideals and convictions, live by socialist core values and abide by the socialist rule of law
 突出政治标准，把善于运用法治思维和法治方式推动工作的人选拔到领导岗位上来。 Using political
integrity as an important criterion, we will select to positions of leadership those who observe the rule of law
in both thinking and action.
 法治人才 competent personnel for enforcing the rule of law
 法治专门队伍 Legislative, judicial and law enforcement personnel
 社会主义法治工作队伍 personnel working to enforce the socialist rule of law
 只有在党的领导下依法治国、厉行法治，人民当家作主才能充分实现，国家和社会生活法治化才能
有序推进。 Only law-based governance and the rule of law under the leadership of the Party can ensure
that the people fully exercise their power as masters of the country and that steady progress will be made in
promoting the rule of law in the country and society.
 把信访纳入法治化轨道，保障合理合法诉求依照法律规定和程序就能得到合理合法的结果。 We
should handle people’s complaints filed and concerns expressed through letters or in person in accordance
with the law to ensure that their reasonable and legitimate complaints and concerns are addressed according
to due legal procedures and provisions.
 有的法律 法规 未能全面 反映 客观 规律和人民意愿， 针对 性、可操作性不强。 Certain laws and
regulations do not fully reflect objective laws or the will of the people, are not well targeted and are weak in
terms of enforceability.
 法律是治国之重器，良法是善治之前提。 The law is vital to the governance of a country, and good laws
are a prerequisite for good governance.
 力让人民群众在每一个司法案件中感受到公平正义 We should let the people see that justice is served in
every case tried.
 坚决 惩 治 司 法 掮客 行为， 防止 利益 输送 。 We must resolutely crack down on brokering justice and
 prevent the tunneling of interests/transferring of vested interests.
 坚决破除各种潜规则，绝不允许法外开恩，绝不允许办关系案、人情案、金钱案。 We must do away
with all hidden rules and make it absolutely impermissible to grant leniency by bending the law or handle
any case under the influence of personal connections, personal favor or bribe.
 对 司 法 领 域 的 腐 败 零 容 忍 ， 坚 决 清 除 害 群 之 马 。 We must show zero tolerance towards judicial
corruption and root out corrupt elements.
 苗头性倾向性问题 emerging problems and adverse trend
 立法工作中部门化倾向、争权诿责现象较为突出。 Pursuing vested interests and vying for power while
shirking responsibilities by government departments concerned are major problems affecting law making.
 知法犯法、以言代法、以权压法、徇私枉法现象依然存在。 There are still problems of some officials
knowingly breaking the law, overriding the law with their own arbitrary views, placing power above the
authority of law and abusing the law for personal gains.
 我国宪法确立了中国共产党的领导地位。 The leadership of the CPC is established by/provided for in
China’s Constitution.
 坚决纠正不作为、乱作为 thoroughly redress acts of nonfeasance and misfeasance/address inaction and
abuse of power
 加 强 社 会 主 义 协 商 民 主 制 度 建 设 strengthen efforts to develop the system of socialist consultative
democracy
 建 立 健 全 行 政 裁 量 权 基 准 制 度 establish a sound system of benchmarks for exercising discretionary
government power
 司法公正对社会公正具有重要引领作用，司法不公对社会公正具有致命破坏作用。 Judicial justice
enhances social justice, while judicial injustice cripples it.
 要对法 律 怀 有 敬畏 之 心， 牢记 法 律红 线不可 逾越 、法 律底 线 不可 触碰 hold the law in awe and
reverence and never challenge or cross the red line of the law
 加强社会诚信建设，健全公民和组织守法信用记录，完善守法诚信褒奖机制和违法失信行为惩戒机
制，使尊法守法成为全体人民共同追求和自觉行动。 We should raise the credibility standards of the
public, keep a good record of citizens’ and organizations’ observance of law and credibility, and refine
mechanism that commend those who obey the law and have credibility and punish those who break the law
or lose credibility. This will ensure that the people willingly respect and abide by the law.
 立党为公，执政为民。The Party was founded for public good and it exercises state power/governance for
the people.
 总揽全局 exercise leadership with a holistic view
 人民日益增长的物质文化需要同落后的社会生产力之间矛盾是我国社会的主要矛盾。 The principle
problem in our society is the backward production cannot meet the ever-growing material and cultural needs
of the people.
 我们在任何情况下都要牢牢把握住社会主义初级阶段这个最大国情。 We must bear in mind under any
circumstances the paramount reality that China remains in the primary stage of socialism.
 我们必须把坚持以经济建设为中心同四项基本原则、改革开放这两个基本点统一于中国特色社会主
义伟大实践。 We must adhere to both the central task—economic development—and the two basic points
—the Four Cardinal Principles and the policy of reform and opening up—in our great endeavor to build
socialism with Chinese characteristics.
 我们要胸怀理想、坚定信念、不动摇、不懈怠，不折腾、顽强奋斗、艰苦奋斗，不懈奋斗。 We
should remain true to our ideal, be firm in our conviction, never vacillate in or relax our efforts or act
recklessly, and we should forge ahead/press forward with tenacity and resolve.
 全面把 握 机 遇 、沉 着 应对 挑战，赢得主 动 、赢得 优势 seize all opportunities, respond with cool-
headedness to challenges and gain initiative and advantages
 司法公信力应不断提高 Public trust in the judiciary should be steadily enhanced.
 社会主义核心价值体系深入人心 Core socialist values takes roots among the people.
 公民文明素质和社会文明程度明显提高 Both the level of civility and the moral and ethical standards of
the whole society should be significantly raised.
 中华文化走出去 take Chinese culture to the global stage
 破除一切妨碍科学发展的思想观念和体制机制弊端 discard all notions and remove all systemic barriers
that hinder the pursuit of development in a scientific way
 在更大程度更广范围发挥市场在资源配置中的基础作用 leverage to a greater extent and in a wider
scope the basic role of the market in allocating resources
 加快推进社会主义民主政治制度化、规范化、程序化 work harder to enhance socialist democracy in a
systemic way by adopting due standards and procedures
 实现国家各项工作法治化 ensure that all governance functions are performed in accordance with law
 基本建立现代文化市场体系 establish the basic framework of a modern cultural market system
 加快生态文明制度 move faster to set up a system for ecological improvement
 形成人与自然和谐发展现代化建设新格局 promote modernization featuring harmonious development
between man and nature
 以经济建设为中心是兴国之要，发展仍是解决我国所有问题的关键。Taking economic development as
the central task is vital to national renewal, and development still holds the key to addressing all the
problems we have in China.
 以科学发展为主题，以加快转变经济发展方式为主线，是关系我国发展全局的战略抉择。 Taking
scientific development as the underlying guideline (not theme) and accelerating the change of the growth
model (not pattern of economic development) as a major task(not main thread) is a strategic choice we have
made for promoting China’s overall development.
 .把推动发展的立足点转到提高质量和效益上来 ensure that development is based on improved quality
and performance
 激发各类市场主体发展活力 fire all types of market participants with new vigor for development
 培育开放性经济发展新优势 create new favorable conditions for developing the open economy
 城乡区域发展协调互动 coordinated and mutually reinforcing urban-rural development
 促进工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化同步发展 promoting harmonized/in step development of
industrialization, IT application, urbanization and agricultural modernization
 推动国有资本更多投向关系国家安全和国民经济的重要行业和关键领域 invest more state capital in
major industries and key fields that comprise the lifeline of the economy and are vital to national security
 保证各种所有制经济平等使用生产要素 ensure that economic entities under all forms of ownership have
equal access to factors of production
 健全中央和地方财力与事权相匹配的体制 ensure that the central and local governments have sufficient
financial resources to exercise their respective powers and responsibilities
 财税体系 the fiscal and taxation systems
 加强宏观调控目标和政策手段机制化建设 strengthen institutional procedures for setting macro-
regulation targets and employing policy tools
 完善促进基本公共服务均等化的公共财政体系 improve the public finance system to ensure equal
access to basic public services
 形成有利于结构优化，社会公平的税收制度 improve the structure of the taxation system to promote
 social equity
 建立公共资源出让收益合理共享机制 establish a mechanism for equitable sharing of proceeds from
public resources transfers
 稳步推进利率和汇率市场化改革 take steady steps to make interest rates and the RMB exchange rates
market-based
 逐步实现人民币资本项目可兑换 promote the RMB’s convertibility under capital accounts in due course
 科技创新必须摆在国家发展全局的核心位置。 We must give science and technology top priority in
overall national development.
 提高原始创新、集成创新和引进消化吸收再创新能力 increase capacity for making original innovation
and integrated innovation and for making further innovation on the basis of absorbing advances in overseas
science and technology
 着力构建以企业为主体，市场为导向，产学研结合的技术创新体系 We should establish a system of
technological innovation in which enterprises play the leading role, the market points the way, and
enterprises, universities and research institutes work together.
 完善科技创新激励机制 improve mechanisms for rewarding scientific and technological innovations
 把全社会智慧和力量凝聚到创新发展上来 ensure that the wisdom and strength of the whole society are
directed to promoting innovation-driven development
 解决制约经济健康持续发展的重大结构性问题 resolve major structural barriers to sustained and sound
economic development
 牢牢把握扩大内需这一战略基点 We should firmly maintain the strategic focus of boosting domestic
demand.
 强化实体经济的需求导向 make the real economy more demand-driven
 理布局建设基础设施和基础产业 make geographical/regional layout of the development of infrastructure
and basic industries more balanced.
 发展现代信息技术产业体系，健全信息安全保障体系 develop IT industry and better ensure
information security
 有序推进农业转移人口市民化 conduct registration of rural migrant workers as permanent urban
residents in an orderly way
 对农 民采 取 多 与少 取 放 活的 方 针 We should give more to farmers and take less from them and lift
restrictions over their business activities.
 培育新型经营主体 oster new types of business entities
 集约化、专业化、组织化、社会化相结合的新型农业经营体系 a new type of system for intensive
agricultural operations that are specialized, well organized and commercialized
 形成以技术、品牌、质量、服务为核心的出口竞争新优势 make China’s export more competitive in
terms of technology, brand, quality and service
 提高利用外资综合优势和总体效益 We should make full use of our overall advantageous position in
utilizing foreign capital and make better use of such investment.
 统筹双边、多边开放合作 make overall planning for bilateral and multilateral opening up and
cooperation
 全面深化经济体制改革 deepen economic structural reform across the board
 发展更广泛、更充分、更健全的人民民主 make people’s democracy more extensive, fuller in scope and
sounder in practice
 .必须坚持党的领导、人民当家作主，依法治国有机统一。 We must ensure the unity of the leadership
of the Party, the position of the people as masters of the country and law based governance.
 发展社会主义政治文明 promote socialist political progress/advance
 维护国家法制统一、尊严、权威 uphold the unity, sanctity and authority of the country’s legal system
 保证人民依法享有广泛权利和自由 ensure that the people enjoy extensive rights and freedoms as
prescribed by law
 要把制度建设摆在突出位置，充分发挥我国社会主义政治制度优越性，积极借鉴人类政治文明有益
成果。 We should place high importance on system building, give full play to the strength of the socialist
political system and draw on the political achievements of other societies.
 我们决不照搬西方政治制度模式 We will never copy the Western political system.
 加强对政府全口径预算决算的审查和监督 tighten examination and oversight of all government budgets
and final accounts
 优化常委会、专委会组成人员知识和年龄结构 improve the age mix and expertise of the members of
the standing committees and special committees of people’s congresses
 推进协商民主广泛、多层、制度化发展 promote the extensive, multilevel, and institutionalized
development of consultative democracy
 健全以职工代表大会为基本形式的企业事业单位民主管理制度 improve the democratic management
system in enterprises and public institutions with employees’ congress as its basic form
 严格规范公正文明执法 enforce laws in a strict, fair and civilized way according to due procedures
 提高领导干部运用法治思维和法治方式深化改革，推动发展，化解矛盾，维护稳定的能力 We
should ensure that leading officials are guided by law in both thinking and action in their effort to deepen
reform, promote development, solve problems and maintain stability.
 任何组织和个人都不得有超越宪法和法律的特权。 No organization or individual has the privilege of
overstepping the Constitution and laws.
 绝不允许以言代法、以权压法、徇私枉法。 No one in a position of power is allowed in any way to
take his own words as the law, place his own authority above the law or abuse the law.
 纪念 911 事件 18 周年 commemorate the 18th anniversary of 9/11 attacks
 19 名 男 子 劫 持 了 4 架 满 载 燃 油 的 美 国 商 用 飞 机 。 Nineteen men hijacked four fuel-loaded U.S.
commercial airplanes.
 这次袭击是由基地组织领导人奥萨马•本•拉登精心策划的。 The attack was orchestrated by al Qaeda
leader Osama bin Laden.
 朋友如真金，百炼色不回。 True gold never loses its color even after repeated smelting; and the same
remains true for real friends.
 以 基 础 设 施 建 设 为 牵 引 ， 以 产 能 合 作 为 抓 手 ， 以 金 融 合 作 为 支 撑 with focus on infrastructure
development and cooperation in production capacity, underpinned by financial cooperation
 黄色重污染预警 the yellow alert for smog
 网格细胞 grid cells
 独行快，众行远。If you want to go fast, go alone; if you want to go far, go together.
 把“改革的红利”转化为“发展新动能”、“民生新福祉” turn the gains of reform into new dynamism
of development that would bring more benefit to the people
 给人民带来切实利益 bring tangible benefits to the people
 位置细胞 place cells
 中国经济提质增效升级 upgrade the Chinese economy and improve its performance
 新兴业态 emerging industries
 招聘会 job fair
 目标高度契合 highly compatible targets
 白领生活方式 white-collar lifestyle
 校园踩踏 school stampede
 解决各方关切 address the concerns of all parties
 不论国际风云如何变幻 whatever changes may take place in the international landscape
 牢牢把握两国关系大方向 keep in mind the overall interests of the bilateral relations
 中国经济发展离不开世界，世界经济的繁荣也需要中国。The Chinese economy cannot develop without
the world, and prosperity of the global economy also needs China.
 红牌专业 red card warning majors
 贫困人口 impoverished population
 中 国 的 发 展 需 要 和 平 的 国 际 环 境 和 稳 定 的 周 边 环 境 。 China’s development requires a peaceful
international environment and a stable neighboring environment.
 人民币业务清算行 a clearing bank for RMB business
 路遥知马力，日久见人心。Just as distance tests a horse's strength, time will reveal a person's sincerity.
 人类良知和国际公理 human conscience and international justice
 近水楼台先得月。One gets a better view of the rising moon at a waterfront pavilion or a favorable position.
 物华天宝 naturally endowed abundance
 贯彻落实“一国两制”、“港人治港” implement the principles of "one country, two systems," "Hong
Kong people administering Hong Kong" 两国关系健康稳定发展 bilateral relations have been developing
in a healthy and stable manner
 中国经济有巨大韧性、潜力和回旋余地。China's economy is highly resilient and has much potential and
ample space to grow.
 民主不是装饰品而是要用来解决人民要解决的问题的。Democracy is not a decoration but a means of
solving problems.
 进入全面建成小康社会的决定性阶段 We have entered the decisive stage of completing the building of a
moderately prosperous society in all respects; We have entered the decisive stage of achieving a moderately
prosperous society in all respects.
 凝聚力量，攻坚克难 pool our strength to overcome all difficulties
 世情、国情、党情 global, national and Party conditions
 更加奋发有为，兢兢业业地工作 aim higher and work harder
 作出全面部署 adopt a comprehensive/an overall action plan
 作出总体安排 adopt steps for general implementation
 关系全局的重大问题 issues of underlying/ overarching/overriding importance
 新形势下党的建设 Party building in a new environment/under new conditions
 综合国力大幅提高 China’s overall strength has grown considerably.
 临时禁制令 interim injunction
 禁止任何人非法、故意阻碍或干扰机场的正常使用
 restrain persons from unlawfully and willfully obstructing or interfering with the proper use of the airport
 确认起飞时间 confirmation of departure time
 强烈的愤慨和谴责 strong indignation and condemnation
 激进示威者 radical protesters
 使机场瘫痪 paralyze operations of the airport
 新时代中国特色社会主义外交思想 the thought on diplomacy of socialism with Chinese characteristics
for a new era
 中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦 the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation
 人类命运共同体 a community with a shared future for humanity.
 中国特色大国外交 major country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics
 形 成 全 方 位 、 多 层 次 、 立 体 化 的 外 交 布 局 advance China's diplomatic agenda in a comprehensive,
multilevel, multifaceted way
 为我国发展营造了良好外部条件 create a favorable external environment for China's development
 玷污香港国际声誉 stain the international reputation of Hong Kong
 以香港经济支柱作赌注 gambling at the expense of Hong Kong’s economic pillar
 做出破坏行为，损害香港法治 commit vandalism and damage rule of law
 制造混乱 create chaos
 航班取消 cancellations of flights
 滞留的乘客 stranded passengers
 不断升级的暴力活动 ever-escalating violence
 开放型经济新体制 new institutions of the open economy
 对外贸易和投资方式 models of foreign trade and outbound investment
 对外贸易由量的扩张转向质的提升 the shift from quantitative to qualitative improvement in trade.
 贸易新业态新模式 new models and forms of trade
 贸易强国 a trader of quality
 生 态 文 明 建 设 扎 实 展 开 Solid steps have been taken to promote ecological progress/raise ecological
awareness.
 宏观调控体系 system of macro-regulation
 衣食住行用条件明显改善 People’s need for daily necessities such as clothing, food, housing and transport
is better met.
 农村扶贫标准大幅度提高 Rural poverty line was raised by a big margin.
 政治体制改革 reform of the political structure; political structural reform
 基层民主不断发展 Community-level democracy has steadily developed.
 文化建设迈上新台阶 Development of the cultural sector has reached a new stage.
 文化体制改革全面推进 Comprehensive progress has been made in the reform of the cultural system.
 人民精神文化生活更加丰富多彩 People have richer intellectual pursuit and cultural entertainment.
 基本公共服务均等化程度明显提高 Access to basic public services has become much more equitable.
 免费义务教育全面实现 Free compulsory education is now available across the country.
 军事斗争准备不断深化 Military preparedness is enhanced.
 开创两岸关系和平发展新局面 usher in a new stage of peaceful growth of cross-Straits relations
 在国际事务中的代表性和话语权进一步增强 We have secured more representation and a greater say for
China in international affairs.
 有利的国际环境 favorable international conditions/environment
 加强党的干部队伍 strengthen the ranks of Party officials
 发 展 中 不 平 衡 、 不 协 调 、 不 持 续 问 题 仍 然 突 出 Unbalanced, uncoordinated and unsustainable
development remains a big/major/prominent problem.
 资源环境约束加剧 Resources and environmental constraints have become more serious.
 关系群众切身利益的问题 problems affecting people’s immediate interests
 一些领域消极腐败现象易发多发 Some sectors are prone to corruption and other misconduct/malpractices.
 反腐败斗争形势依然严峻 The fight against corruption remains a challenging task for us.
 战胜一系列重大挑战 successfully met major challenges
 国际局势风云变幻 We face a volatile international environment.
 准确把握我国发展的阶段性特征 We have gained a good understanding of the essential/salient features of
China’s development in the current stage.
 应对外部经济风险冲击 defuse/stand external economic risks
 所有这些彰显了中国特色社会主义的巨大优越性和强大生命力 All this shows the superiority and
vitality of socialism with Chinese characteristics.
 时代特征 the underlying trend of our times
 牢牢扭住经济建设这个中心，坚持聚精会神搞建设，一心一意谋发展 We must pursue economic
development as the central task and concentrate on it with every determination.
 实施科教兴国、人才强国战略 We must implement the strategies for making China strong by developing
science and education and training competent personnel.
 全面落实经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设五位一体总体布局 We must
fully implement the overall plan for promoting economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress.
 开拓生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路 expand the path of sound development that leads
to increased production, prosperity and a good ecosystem
 把统筹兼顾作为落实科学发展观的根本方法 take a holistic/ integrated approach as the fundamental way
of applying the Scientific Outlook on Development
 统筹 balance/coordinate relations between
 坚持一切从实际出发 We should base our-selves on reality in everything we do.
 充分调动各方面的积极性 keep all parties fully motivated
 形成全体人民各尽所能、各得其所而又和谐相处的局面 to ensure that all people do their best, find their
proper places in society and live in harmony
 解放思想、实事求是、与时俱进、求真务实，是科学发展观最鲜明的精神实质 Freeing up the mind,
seeking truth from facts, keeping up with the times and being realistic and pragmatic—these are the
salient/essential features of the Scientific Outlook on Development.
 实践发展永无止境，认识真理永无止境，理论创新永无止境 There is no end to practice, to seeking
truth, or to making theoretical innovation.
 把握时代发展要求 respond to the call of the times
 探索和把握中国特色社会主义规律 to explore and master laws governing socialism with Chinese
characteristics
 历经千辛万苦 endure untold hardships and sufferings
 开创生动的新局面 create a dynamic new environment in which...
 开创全面改革开放的新局面 usher in a new phase/open a new horizon in carrying out all-round reform and
opening up
 加 快 生 态 文 明 建 设 promote ecological progress; speed up ecological conservation; raise ecological
awareness
 我们既不走封闭僵化的老路，也不走改旗易帜的邪路 We reject both the old and rigid closed-door
policy and any attempt to abandon socialism and take an erroneous path.
 逐渐实现全体人民共同富裕 achieve prosperity for all over time/in due course
 它以全新的视野深化了对共产党执政规律的认识 It offers from new perspectives a deeper understanding
of the laws of governance by the Communist Party.
 回 答 了 建 设 什 么 样 的 社 会 主 义 的 根 本 问 题 It has addressed the fundamental issue of what kind of
socialism to build.
 中国特色社会主义是当代中国发展进步的根本方向 Socialism with Chinese characteristics is what we
must pursue if we are to achieve development and make progress in contemporary China.
 我们要把握住以下基本要求 We should have a firm grasp of the following basic requirements...
 我 们 必 须 坚 持 人 民 主 体 地 位 We must ensure that the people maintain their principal position in the
country.
 最广泛地动员和组织人民管理国家事务 mobilize and organize as many people as possible to manage
state affairs
 要始终把改革开放精神贯彻到治国理政的各个环节 We should always apply the spirit of reform and
innovation to all aspects of governance.
 社会公平正义 social fairness and justice
 逐步建立以权利公平、机会公平、规则公平为主要内容的社会公平保障体系 establish in due course a
system for ensuring fairness in society featuring, among other things, equal rights, equal opportunities and
fair rules for all
 公平正义是中国特色社会主义的内在要求 Fairness and justice are an inherent requirement of socialism
with Chinese characteristics.
 社会和谐 是中国特色社会主义的本质 属性 Social harmony is an inherent attribute of socialism with
Chinese characteristics.
 保证人民平 等 参与 、平 等 发展权 利 ensure people’s equal right to participation in governance and to
development
 分配制度 system of income distribution
 团结一切可以团结的力量 rally all the forces that can be rallied
 确保人民安居乐业、社会安定有序、国家长治久安 We should ensure that the people live and work in
contentment, the society is stable and orderly, and the country enjoys enduring peace and stability.
 和平发展是中国特色社会主义的必然选择 Peaceful development is the sure choice of socialism with
Chinese characteristics.
 我们要坚持开放的发展，合作的发展，共赢的发展 We should pursue development through opening up
and cooperation to benefit all.
 人工智能开放创新平台 open and innovative artificial intelligence platforms
 智能设备 intelligent devices
 全面深化改革 comprehensively expand in-depth reform
 加强改革系统集成、协同高效 strengthen the synergy, coordination and efficiency in advancing reform
 推动各方面制度更加成熟更加定型 make institutions in all areas more mature and in better shape
 体制性障碍 institutional obstacles
 增强社会治理能力 enhance social governance capacity
 批准法案阻止“无协议脱欧” give approval to a piece of legislation blocking a no-deal Brexit
 御准 Royal Assent
 举行临时选举 hold a snap election
 人生自古谁无死， 留取丹心照汗青。 Everyone will one day die; When my day comes, may my loyalty
be inscribed in the pages of history.
 先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐。 I wish to be the first to worry about the nation’s woes and the last to
share in its prosperity.
 位卑未敢忘忧国。 Whatever my status, I will never lay aside my concern for the nation.
 法者, 治之端也。Law is the very foundation of governance.
 排放作弊丑闻 emissions cheating scandal
 在发展中谋共赢，在合作中同进步 seek common progress through win-win cooperation
 网络安全 cyber security
 网络大国 major players in cyberspace
 厚植支持两国关系的社会基础 consolidate the social basis for bilateral relations
 保持各级别密切交往 maintain close exchanges and communication at all levels
 为国际社会提供更多公共产品 provide the international community with more public goods
 商业遥感卫星 commercial remote-sensing satellite
 跨太平洋伙伴关系协议 Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement（TPP）
 消费者投诉 consumer complaints
 不法经营 unlawful business operations
 文献遗产 documentary heritage
 政府主导方式 government-dominated approach
 贫困地区家庭 families in poverty-stricken areas
 脱贫 lift people out of poverty
 环境影响评价 environmental impact assessment (EIA)
 亚洲基础设施投资银行 Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank
 货币政策工具 monetary tools
 中国人讲“大河有水小河满，小河有水大河满”。 Chinese people say that when big rivers have water,
the small ones are filled; and when small rivers have water, the big ones are filled.
 中国 经济 体量大、 韧性好、 潜力足、 回旋空间大、 政策 工具多。 The Chinese economy is highly
resilient and has much potential, which gives enough room to leverage a host of policy tools.
 互补共进、协调发展 complementary and coordinated development
 首付款 down payment
 改善性住房 improved housing
 廉价旅馆 Budget hotel
 首要污染源 major pollution source
 机关事业单位工作人员职业年金 annuity for government employees
 缴费基数 payment base
 干预司法 meddle/interfere in judicial activities
 隐性就业 unregistered employment
 优进优出 quality imports and quality exports
 网络售彩 online lottery sale
 以和为贵。Harmony is the most valuable.
 协和万邦。Peace and harmony should prevail.
 四海之内皆兄弟也。 All men under heaven are brothers.
 国际市场需求乏力 sluggish global demand
 战后国际秩序 the post-war international order
 司法公信力 judicial credibility
 巴 中 友 谊 比 山 高 、 比 海 深 、 比 蜜 甜 、 比 钢 硬 。 The Pakistan-China friendship is higher than
mountains,deeper than oceans, sweeter than honey, and stronger than steel.
 以释放市场活力对冲经济下行压力 invigorate the market to offset downward economic pressure
 移动互联网 mobile Internet
 "互联网+" 行动计划 Internet plus initiative
 以市场为导向的价格机制 a market-driven pricing system
 医药市场 pharmaceutical market
 共同利益远大于分歧。Common interests far outweigh differences
 建设社会主义法治国家 build a socialist country under the rule of law
 “两个一百年”奋斗目标 “two centennial” goals
 亚太的全球经济引擎地位 the Asia-Pacific's position as the engine of the global economy
 二十国集团 the Group of Twenty (G20)
 后国际金融危机时期 the post-global-economic-crisis era
 区域经济合作碎片化 regional economic integration goes fragmented
 亚太自贸区 Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific (FTAAP)
 新常态 new normal
 谋求新的增长动力 seek new growth momentum
 全方位互联互通 comprehensive connectivity
 国会选举 congressional elections
 中期选举 midterm elections
 境外剧 foreign TV shows
 市场壁垒 market barriers
 全家福 family photo
 成员经济体 member economies
 APEC 领导人非正式会议 Informal Leaders' Meetings of the APEC
 破冰之旅 an ice-breaking journey
 国家安全机关 national security agencies
 反间谍法 Counterespionage Law
 空气净化器 air purifier
 防雾霾口罩 anti-smog mask
 减免税 tax cuts and exemptions
 互补 complement each other
 宪法宣誓 pledge allegiance to the Constitution/take an oath of allegiance to the Constitution
 纪念封 commemorative envelope
 双 11 the November 11 online shopping festival
 海淘 buy products from overseas websites
 直邮 direct delivery service
 世界工程巨头 global engineering behemoths
 徇私枉法 bend the law for personal gain
 终身责任追究制度 a life-long accountability system
 权力设租寻租 power rent-seeking
 政府权力清单 a list of government powers
 探月工程 the lunar exploration program
 适用死刑的罪名 crimes subject to the death penalty
 基础设施筹资 infrastructure financing
 公私合作制 public-private partnership（PPP）
 公共产品投入 input in public goods
 相向而行 work together in the same direction
 互利共赢的开放战略 win-win strategy of opening-up
 调结构、促升级 achieve structural adjustment and upgrading
 打造新亮点 foster new highlights
 适应经济发展新常态 adapt to the new normal of our economy
 监护责任 the responsibilities of guardianship
 未成年人权益 the rights of minors
 建设用地和宅基地使用权 rights to use construction land and homesteads
 集体土地所有权 collective ownership of land
 浇花浇根，交人交心。 When watering flowers, make sure that water goes down deep to the roots; and
when making friends, remember that best friends are those whose hearts are close.
 虽然在地理上是“远亲”，但在心灵上是“近邻”。 Though we are geographically distant, we make
each other's close neighbours in heart.
 创新机制 make innovations in mechanism
 国之交在民相亲，民相亲则事易成。The key to sound relations between states lies in amity between their
peoples, and amity between peoples heralds successful cooperation.
 我们推出一系列激活力、补短板、强实体的改革措施，就是要释放改革这一发展的巨大红利。 We
have put in place a number of reform measures to incentivize market entities, strengthen weak links and
boost the real economy,releasing the massive dividend of reform for development.
 培育新增长点 develop new growth points
 对外投资 outbound investment
 新股发行注册制改革 IPO registration system reform
 右翼势力 the right-wing forces
 深化各领域互利合作 deepen mutually beneficial cooperation in all fields
 产学研深度融合 deep integration of industry, education and research
 适应新常态 adapt to the economic new normal
 从高速增长转为中高速增长 a shift from high-speed growth to a medium-to-high one
 电商小贷 E-commerce micro credit
 充分认识面临的新挑战 be fully aware of challenges ahead
 反腐、追逃、追赃 combat corruption, bring fugitives to law and seize their illegal proceeds
 生态教育 ecological education
 遗产保护 heritage conservation
 文化传承 cultural continuity
 休闲服务 recreation services
 竞赛性饮食 competitive eating
 参加了 200 多场大胃王比赛。compete in more than 200 eating contests
 在八分钟内吃掉了超过 13 磅的蔓越莓酱 eat more than 13 pounds of jellied cranberry sauce in eight
minutes
 饥饿计划 the Hunger Project
 秋分 Autumn Equinox
 农历二十四节气 the 24 solar terms
 中国农民丰收节 Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival
 喜获丰收 reap a bumper harvest
 中国农村振兴战略 China's rural rejuvenation strategy
 民间借贷 private lending
 加快 发展 现 代 农 业 ， 促 进农 民持 续增 收 Speed up efforts to develop modern agriculture and ensure
sustained increases in rural incomes
 首套房贷款 loans for first-time home buyers
 卖出汇率 selling rate
 买入汇率 buying rate
 浮动汇率机制 floating exchange rate system
 汇率中间价 central parity rate/reference rate
 创客空间 makers' space
 传导、放大效应 spillover or magnifying effect
 定向调控、相机调控、精准调控 targeted, discretionary and precision macro regulation,
 时至今日，距离国际金融危机爆发已近 8 年，但其深层次影响尚未消除。Eight years have passed since
the occurrence of the international financial crisis, but its profound impacts have not been eliminated.
 因此亚洲有理由增强信心，但是需要激发活力，形成动力，这就可以不仅为亚洲自己，也为世界经
济 复 苏 发 挥 更 大 作 用 。 We have reason to be more confident, but we must foster further growth
momentum, and play a more important role in the economic recovery of Asia itself and the world at large.
 地下钱庄 underground/illegal banks
 高速增长阶段 a phase of rapid growth
 习 近 平 新 时 代 中 国 特 色 社 会 主 义 经 济 思 想 Xi Jinping Thought on Socialist Economy with Chinese
Characteristics for a New Era
 供给侧结构性改革 supply-side structural reform
 叫车软件 car-hailing app
 独董 independent director
 短线交易 short-swing trading
 改革动力 momentum for reform
 官商勾结 collusion among officials and businessmen
 高息回报 high-interest returns
 电子货币 electronic currency/money
 虚拟货币 virtual currency/money
 和平、创新、引领、治理、交融的行动理念 the guiding principles of peace, innovation,
guidance,governance and integration
 文明交流互鉴 cultural exchanges and mutual learning
 中国将在“优进优出”中实施更加积极的进口政策，今后进口商品的数量还会更多。 China will
adopt a more proactive import policy and place greater emphasis on the quality of imports and exports. And
China will only buy more from the world to meet its growing domestic demands.
 现金红包 cash-filled red envelope
 分级诊疗制度 hierarchical medical system
 朋友多了路好走。More friends make the journey easier.
 世上没有包治百病的万能灵药，也没有普世皆准的发展模式。There is no panacea in the world, nor a
universal model for development.
 你中有我、我中有你，大家都在同一条船上。 We live in the same globalized world. Like passengers
riding in the same boat, we all have a stake in each other's future.
 民族振兴 national rejuvenation
 民族复兴 national renewal
 发展道路 development path
 政府不唱“独角戏”，鼓励社会资本、外商投资一起干。 Instead of acting on its own, the government
encourages the participation of private capital and foreign investment.
 人的创造力是发展的最大本钱。 Creativity of the people is the greatest asset for development.
 剩男 leftover men
 服务 业已 占 GDP 的“ 半壁江山 ”， 消费 对经济增 长的 贡献率达到了 60% 。 The services sector
already accounts for half of China's GDP, and consumption contributes 60% to growth.
 现在中国经济的走势是缓中趋稳、稳中向好，但稳中有难，总体是机遇大于挑战。 Despite the
moderation in speed, the performance of the Chinese economy is stable and moving in a positive direction.
Although difficulties remain, there are more opportunities than challenges.
 中国开放的大门永远不会关上，欢迎各国搭乘中国发展的“顺风车”。 The door of China's opening up
will never shut and China welcomes all countries to ride on its development.
 公车私用 personal use of government vehicles
 徇私枉法 bend laws for personal ends
 利用职务便利为多人谋取利益 take advantage of one's posts to seek profit for others
 高质量增长 high-quality growth
 春运 Spring Festival travel rush
 纪念邮票 commemorative stamp
 建立多边、民主、透明的全球互联网治理体系 put in place a multilateral, democratic and transparent
global Internet governance system
 社交媒体 social media
 促进互联网和 经济 社会融合发展 promote the integration of Internet development with economic and
social progress
 互联网让世界变成了“鸡犬之声相闻”的地球村，相隔万里的人们不再“老死不相往来”。The
Internet has turned the world into a global village where distance no longer prevents people from interacting
with each other.Communication is made easier than ever before.
 安全和发展是一体之两翼、驱动之双轮。Security and development are like the two wings of a bird or the
two wheels of a cart.
 寨卡病毒 the Zika virus
 购物券红包 coupon-filled red envelope
 电子红包 digital/electronic red envelope
 医患纠纷 doctor-patient dispute
 集资诈骗 fund-raising fraud
 虚构融资租赁项目 fabricated financing and leasing projects
 环岛高铁 island-looping high-speed train
 中国人民解放军战略支援部队 the PLA Strategic Support Force
 中国人民解放军陆军领导机构 the PLA Army general command
 中国人民解放军火箭军 the PLA Rocket Force
 房地产“去库存” real estate destocking
 网络空间命运共同体 a community of shared future in cyberspace
 去库存 destocking
 病毒携带者 carrier of the virus
 资本外流 capital outflow
 第三方支付 third-party payments
 在线理财 online wealth management
 注入流动性 inject liquidity
 审慎监管标准 prudential regulatory standards
 客流高峰 passenger flow peak
 股票发行注册制 a registration-based initial public offering (IPO) system
 企业发展前景 corporate prospects
 积分落户制 a points-based household registration system
 公租房 public rental houses
 分享经济 Sharing Economy
 网络犯罪 cyber crime
 基于互联网的各类创新 Internet-based innovation in all forms
 推进“数字中国”建设 advancing the building of "Digital China"
 生育登记服务制度 birth registration service system
 互联网是传播人类优秀文化、弘扬正能量的重要载体。 The Internet is an important carrier to spread
mankind's fine cultures and promote positive energy.
 互联网虽然是无形的，但运用互联网的人们都是有形的，互联网是人类的共同家园。 While the
Internet is invisible, Internet users are visible.The Internet is the common home of mankind.
 智慧旅游 smart tourism
 网上医院 online hospital
 网络创客 online maker
 离岸人民币 offshore RMB
 技术社群 technology communities
 价格上限 price ceiling
 价格下限 price floor
 战略规划办公室 strategic planning office
 改革和编制办公室 reform and organizational structure office
 国际军事合作办公室 international cooperation office
 军委审计署 audit office
 机关事务管理总局 administration office
 军委办公厅 the general office
 联合参谋部 joint staff department
 政治工作部 political work department
 后勤保障部 logistical support department
 装备发展部 equipment development department
 训练管理部 training department
 国防动员部 national defense mobilization department
 军委纪委 commission of discipline inspection
 军委政法委 commission of politics and law
 军委科技委 commission of science and technology
 社会公德 social morality
 商业道德 business ethnics
 诚信网络 honest cyberspace
 失信行为 dishonest behavior
 网络公信力 online credibility
 在合理均衡水平上保持基本稳定 keep basically stable at a reasonable and balanced level
 单边主义和贸易保护主义措施 unilateral and protectionist measures
 宏观层面 macro perspective
 财政状况 fiscal position
 跨境资本流动 cross-border capital movement
 外汇储备 foreign exchange reserves
 全球资金的“洼地” hotspot for global capital
 坚决打击短期投机炒作 crack down on short-term speculation
 贸易争端 trade dispute
 附加关税 additional tariffs
 人民币贬值 the yuan depreciation
 棚改 renovation of shanty towns
 实现了“十二五”时期良好开局 got the 12th Five-Year Plan period (2011-15) off to a good start
 努力做到调控审慎灵活、适时适度 conduct prudent and flexible macro-control on a moderate scale and
in a timely fashion
 适时适度预调微调 carry out timely and appropriate anticipatory adjustments and fine-tuning
 加强环境保护重点工作的意见 the Guidelines on Strengthening Key Environmental Protection Tasks
 淘汰落后产能 close down outdated production facilities
 基层医疗卫生机构 community-level medical and health care institutions
 建立社会救助和保障标准与物价上涨挂钩的联动机制 institute a mechanism to increase social aid and
social security benefits when consumer prices rise
 三公经费 spending on official overseas trips, official vehicles and official hospitality
 全面提升开放型经济水平 make comprehensive improvements to China’s open economy
 企业“走出去”步伐加快 Chinese companies expanded overseas presence.
 主权债务危机短期内难以缓解 It will be hard to ease the sovereign debt crisis any time soon.
 用好重要战略机遇期 make the most of this important period of strategic opportunities
 全面推进社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设以及生态文明建设 We will
comprehensively advance socialist economic development, political, cultural and social progress, and raise
ecological awareness.
 对行政事业性收费和政府性基金进行清理 investigate the collection and use of administrative fees and
operations of government-managed funds
 为市场主体提供更多的汇率避险工具 provide more tools for market participants to hedge foreign
exchange risks
 统筹兼顾 adopt a holistic approach
 及时解决苗头性、倾向性问题 promptly resolve emerging issues that signal unfavorable trends
 走出一条生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路 take a path of civilized development which
ensures that production increases, people’s living standards rise, and we live in a good ecological
environment
 资源环境和人口承载能力 the carrying capacity of China’s resources, environment and population
 大力实施素质教育 energetically implement well-rounded education
 择校 pay to enroll one’s children in better schools
 倡导学术诚信 advocate academic integrity
 深化人才体制改革 deepen reform of the personnel management system
 实现好、维护好、发展好最广大人民的根本利益是以人为本理念的具体体现 Putting people first is
about realizing, upholding, and promoting their fundamental interests.
 政务诚信、商务诚信、社会诚信 government, business, and public integrity
 文化是人类的精神家园 Culture gives human beings a sense of belonging.
 优秀文化传承是一个民族生生不息的血脉 Passing on fine culture is essential in maintaining the
everlasting vitality of a nation.
 努力形成知荣辱、讲正气、守诚信、作奉献、促和谐的良好风尚 strive to create a social atmosphere
that promotes morality, integrity, dedication and harmony
 推动多种所有制经济共同发展 promote the common development of economic entities under diverse
forms of ownership
 规范收入分配秩序 ensure that income distribution is governed by proper standards
 人民的知情权、参与权、表达权和监督权 people’s rights to stay informed about, participate in, express
views on, and oversee government affairs, and corrupt practices in law enforcement
 国际传播 international communication
 讲好中国故事 tell China's stories well
 传播好中国声音 make the voice of China heard
 向世界展现真实、立体、全面的中国 present a true, multi-dimensional, and panoramic view of China to
the world
 增强国际话语权 amplify their voices on the international stage
 优化战略布局 optimize strategic planning
 具有较强国际影响的外宣旗舰媒体 flagship media groups with strong global influence.
 在世界率先实现经济回升向好 China was among the first in the world to see the economic turnaround.
 抚今追昔，伟大祖国的辉煌成就极大地激发了全国人民的自信心和自豪感 The outstanding
achievements in the past six decades have greatly boosted the confidence and pride of the people.
 自住性住房消费 owner-occupied homes/houses
 保障性住房 low-income housing
 经济适用房 affordable housing
 抑制部分行业产能过剩和重复建设 to restrict excess production capacity and redundant development in
some industries
 节能产品惠民工程 project to promote energy-efficient products for the benefit of the people
 国家补贴节能产品 Government-subsidized energy-efficient products
 高效照明灯具 compact fluorescent lamp
 灾害防御能力 disaster preparedness
 体制机制 institutions and mechanisms
 体制障碍 institutional barriers
 创业板 The ChiNext stock market
 集体林权制度改革 the reform of tenure in collective-owned forests
 对外工程承包营业额 receipts from overseas project contracts revenue from overseas contracted projects
 经贸金融合作 economic, trade and financial cooperation
 包括农民工在内的城镇企业职工养老保险关系转移接续办法 method to ensure portability and
continuity of pension accounts for urban enterprise workers, including rural migrant workers
 棚户区 run-down areas
 进一步促进教育公平 We made education more equitable.
 社会正常秩序 maintain order in society
 统筹国内国际两个大局 consider both domestic and international situations
 既强调统一思想、顾全大局，又鼓励因地制宜、探索创新 While stressing unity in thinking and
keeping overall interests in mind, we also need to encourage localities to be innovative and act in line with
their own conditions.
 世界经济格局大变革、大调整 major changes in the global economic landscape
 扩大股权和债券融资规模 increase financing by selling equities and issuing bonds
 企业退休人员 enterprise retirees
 整顿和规范市场秩序 overhaul and better regulate the market
 家电下乡产品 government subsidized home-appliances-for-the-countryside
 推动经济进入创新驱动、内生增长的发展轨道 put economic development onto the track of endogenous
growth driven by innovation.
 抢占经济科技制高点 capture the economic, scientific and technological high ground
 物联网 the Internet of Things
 打好节能减排攻坚战和持久战 strive to conserve energy and reduce emissions
 促进基本公共服务均等化 ensure fair access to basic public services
 强农惠农政策 policies to aid agriculture and benefit farmers
 保障“米袋子”、“菜篮子”安全 secure food supply
 促进农民就业创业 help rural residents find jobs or start their own businesses
 实施好转基因生物新品种培育科技重大专项 carry out a major project to breed genetically modified
varieties
 有计 划有 步 骤 地解 决 好 农 民 工在 城 镇 的就 业和 生活 问题 We will promote employment for rural
migrant workers in urban areas and address their problems in a planned and step-by-step manner.
 再解决 6000 万农村人口的安全饮水问题 provide safe drinking water to another 60 million rural people
 科教兴国战略和人才强国战略 the strategies of reinvigorating China through science and education and
strengthening the nation through human resources development
 只有一流的教育，才能培养一流人才，建设一流国家 First-class education is a prerequisite for
cultivating high-caliber personnel and building a great country.
 坚持育人为本，大力推进素质教育 We will continue to give top priority to ensuring the healthy growth
of students and promote well-rounded education.
 加强师德教育 to improve the professional ethics of our teachers
 推动以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研相结合的技术创新体系建设 develop a system of
technological innovation in which enterprises play the leading role, the market provides orientation, and the
efforts of enterprises, universities and research institutes are integrated
 建设人力资源强国 make our country strong in human resources.
 视力健康 visual health
 纸质作业 written homework
 个人信息安全 personal information security
 在线教育 online education
 用户体验 user experience
 海量数据采集 massive data collection
 新业态新模式 new forms and models
 大数据的创新应用 innovative application of big data
 数字版权 digital copyrights
 数据产权 data property rights
 简政放权 streamline administration and delegate powers
 双随机、一公开 an oversight model of random inspection and public release
 证照分离 separate operating permits and business licenses
 互联网+政务服务 the Internet Plus government services model
 政府公信力 the government's public credibility
 互联网泡沫 Dot.com Madness
 日本资产泡沫 Japanese Asset Bubble
 远东国际军事法庭 the International Military Tribunal for the Far East
 日本侵略者 Japanese invaders
 反人类的暴行 atrocities against humanity
 南京大屠杀死难者国家公祭日 the National Memorial Day for Nanjing Massacre Victims
 抗日战争 the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression(1931-1945)
 南京大屠杀 the Nanjing Massacre
 私人旅行线路定制师 personal travel designer
 度假房产咨询师 vacation home consultant
 电竞游戏指导 e-game coach
 运动治疗师 exercise therapist
 时尚买手 fashion buyer
 共享单车运维员 shared bike maintenance personnel
 网络营销专员 internet marketing specialist
 化妆师 make-up artist
 专业角色扮演者 Cosplayer
 直播平台主播 host of livestreaming sites
 声优 character voice/CV
 网红 internet celebrity
 互联网创业项目 Internet-related entrepreneurship program
 汤剂 TCM herbal soup
 中医 traditional Chinese medicine
 针灸 acupuncture
 拔罐 cupping
 艾灸 moxibustion
 推拿 massage
 把脉 feel the pulse
 脉象 pulse pattern
 大数据核心技术 core big data technology
 中华民族伟大复兴，绝不是轻轻松松、敲锣打鼓就能实现的。Achieving national rejuvenation will be
no walkin the park, and it will take more than drum beating and gong clanging to get there.
 中国共产党人的初心和使命，就是为中国人民谋幸福，为中华民族谋复兴。 The original aspiration
and the mission of Chinese Communists is to seek happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the
Chinese nation.
 经过长期努力，中国特色社会主义进入了新时代，这是我国发展新的历史方位。 With decades of
hard work, socialism with Chinese characteristics has crossed the threshold into a new era. This is a new
historic juncture in China's development.
 近代以来久经磨难的中华民族迎来了从站起来、富起来到强起来的伟大飞跃，迎来了实现中华民族
伟大复兴的光明前景。The Chinese nation, which since modern times
 began has endured so much for so long, has achieved a tremendous transformation -
 it has stood up, grown rich, and become strong, and it now embraces the brilliant prospects of rejuvenation
 新时代我国社会主要矛盾是人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾。 The
principal contradiction in the new era is the contradiction between unbalanced and inadequate development
and the people's ever-growing needs for a better life.
 杠杆率 leverage ratio
 消费者和商业信用评分 consumer and business credit scoring
 不忘初心，牢记使命，高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，决胜全面建成小康社会，夺取新时代中国
特色社会主义伟大胜利，为实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦不懈奋斗。 Remain true to our original
aspiration and keep our mission firmly in mind, hold high the banner of socialism with Chinese
characteristics, secure a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, strive for
the great success of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era, and work tirelessly to realize the
Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation.
 决胜全面建成小康社会　夺取新时代中国特色社会主义伟大胜利 secure a decisive victory in building a
moderately prosperous society in all respects and strive for the great success of socialism with Chinese
characteristics for a new era
 中国梦是我们这一代的，更是青年一代的。It is a dream of our generation, but even more so, a dream of
the younger generations.
 不管腐败分子逃到哪里，都要缉拿归案、绳之以法。Wherever offenders may flee, they will be brought
back and brought to justice.
 人民群众反对什么、痛恨什么，我们就要坚决防范和纠正什么。 We must guard against and correct
with resolve the practices the people oppose and resent.
 我们有坚定的意志、充分的信心、足够的能力挫败任何形式的“台独”分裂图谋。 We have the
resolve, the confidence, and the ability to defeat separatist attempts for "Taiwan independence" in any form.
 持续实施大气污染防治行动，打赢蓝天保卫战。We will continue our campaign to prevent and control
air pollution to make our skies blue again.
 坚持房子是用来住的、不是用来炒的定位，加快建立多主体供给、多渠道保障、租购并举的住房制
度，让全体人民住有所居。We must not forget that housing is for living in, not for speculation. With this
in mind, we will move faster to put in place a housing system that ensures supply through multiple sources,
provides housing support through multiple channels, and encourages both housing purchase and renting. This
will make us better placed to meet the housing needs of all of our people.收
 中华民族将以更加昂扬的姿态屹立于世界民族之林。The Chinese nation will become a proud and active
member of the community of nations.
 把人民对美好生活的向往作为奋斗目标，依靠人民创造历史伟业。We must regard as our goal the
people’s aspirations to live a better life, and rely on the people to move history forward.
 扫码打赏 tipping via QR code
 矩阵条形码 matrix barcode
 创新安全理念 develop new approaches to security
 儿童福利组织 child welfare organization
 国家公园体制 the national park system
 自然生态系统的原真性和完整性 the authenticity and integrity of natural ecosystems
 生物多样性 biological diversity
 生态安全屏障 ecological buffer zones
 珍贵的自然资产 precious natural assets
 国际知名名牌 world-renowned brand
 共享充电宝 sharable chargers
 租购同权 equal rights for home tenants and owners
 人类命运共同体 a community with a shared future for mankind.
 中国有句古语：聚沙为塔，积土成山。 We have an ancient adage in China, "A pagoda can be piled up
 with grains of sand, and a mountain can be formed with heaps of stones."
 中国制造 2025 Made in China 2025
 核心技术 core technology
 先进制造业 advanced manufacturing
 特殊材料 special materials
 开启经贸合作的新时代 usher in a new era of economic and trade cooperation
 次贷危机 Subprime Crisis
 中央和地方国有及国有控股大中型企业 large and medium-sized central and local SOEs
 生态系统功能退化 functional deterioration of ecosystem
 院线 theater chain
 周末票房 weekend box office
 政策信息 policy-related message
 注入新的强劲动力 inject new and strong impetus to
 礼尚往来 courtesy calls for reciprocity
 在前进道路上和衷共济、共谋发展 work hand in hand to achieve common prosperity and seek common
development on the road forward
 弘扬风雨同舟的优良传统 carry forward the fine tradition of weathering hard times together
 山水相连的好邻居 close neighbors connected by mountains and rivers
 传统睦邻友好历久弥坚 time-testing traditional and good-neighborly friendship
 预告片 trailer
 剧透 spoiler
 首映 premiere
 特效 special effect
 票房 box office
 大片 blockbuster
 影评网站 film rating/review site
 视觉特效 visual effect
 影片配音 film dubbing
 电影发行公司 film distribution corporation
 软件开发人员 software developer
 把美元兑换成人民币 convert U.S. dollars into Renminbi yuan
 中国开发者收入大幅增长 dramatic increase in Chinese developers’ incomes
 天下一家。All under heaven are one family.
 易地扶贫搬迁 relocated from poverty-stricken areas
 安得广厦千万间，大庇天下寒士俱欢颜！How I wish I could have ten thousand houses, to provide shelter
for all who need it!
 身份认证 identity authentication
 科技创新 scientific and technological innovation
 知识产权管理服务体系 management and service system of intellectual property rights
 不忘初心，方得始终 remain true to our original aspiration and continue marching forward
 高质量发展 high-quality development
 保持健康、稳定的经济发展 sustain healthy and stable economic development
 适应中国主要社会矛盾的变化 adapt to changed principal contradiction of the Chinese society
 初创企业 startup business
 工业转型 industrial transformation
 技术创新 technological innovation
 “双一流” "Double First-Class" initiative
 产教融合 integration of enterprises with vocational schools and universities
 产业链 industrial chain
 迪士尼动画电影 Disney animation movie
 前沿研究 leading-edge research
 无人公交车 self-driving bus
 无前例可鉴、无经验可循 no precedents or past experience to draw from
 自动、人工两种驾驶模式 self-driving and conventional driving modes
 电子身份证 electronic ID
 微信身份证网证 WeChat electronic identity authentication certificate
 系统性金融风险 systemic financial risk
 海洋生态环境损害 marine ecological and environmental damage
 环境监测 environmental monitoring
 非法排污 illegal discharge of pollutants
 环保警察 environmental police
 水污染 water contamination
 指定路段 designated road section
 道路测试 road test
 重振经济 energize the economy
 使美国与发达国家的税率平均水平相当 bring the US into line with the developed-world average
 地区热点问题此起彼伏 regional hotspot issues crop up one after another
 延迟退休 delay/postpone retirement
 养老保险 pension insurance
 养老金缺口 shortfalls in pension provisions
 公益类企业 enterprises of public interest
 我们还是希望域外国家和有关方面尊重域内国家的努力，不要无事生非，不要兴风作浪。 Therefore
we hope non-regional countries and the relevant party will respect the efforts of regional countries and
refrain from stirring troubles.
 视觉计算 visual computing;
 监控装置 monitoring devices
 推 动 经 济 全 球 化 朝 着 更 加 开 放 、 包 容 、 普 惠 、 平 衡 、 共 赢 的 方 向 发 展 push for an economic
globalization that is more open and inclusive, more balanced, more equitable and beneficial to all
 全面开放新格局 a new pattern of all-round opening up
 退化的生态环境 degraded landscapes
 开庭审理 hold a hearing
 加强发展战略对接 combine development strategies
 独善其身 self-concern mindset
 奢侈品消费外流 outflow of luxury consumption
 进出口平衡 balance of exports and imports
 戒毒中心 drug rehabilitation center
 药物依赖 drug dependence
 生育游 birth tour
 医疗游 medical tour
 跟游 package tour
 可再生能源 renewable energy
 不可再生能源 non-renewable energy
 资产负债表 assets and liabilities balance sheet
 健身休闲活动 fitness and leisure activities
 一次性包装 disposable package
 人才流向 talent flow
 代购 private overseas shopping representative/procurement service
 减免 money-off
 甲级战犯 Class-A war criminal
 重点制造业领域 key manufacturing sector
 中华人民共和国外交部 Ministry of Foreign Affairs
 中华人民共和国国防部 Ministry of National Defense
 中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会 National Development and Reform Commission
 中华人民共和国教育部 Ministry of Education
 中华人民共和国科学技术部 Ministry of Science and Technology
 中华人民共和国工业和信息化部 Ministry of Industry and Information Technology
 中华人民共和国国家民族事务委员会 State Ethnic Affairs Commission
 中华人民共和国公安部 Ministry of Public Security
 中华人民共和国国家安全部 Ministry of State Security
 中华人民共和国民政部 Ministry of Civil Affairs
 中华人民共和国司法部 Ministry of Justice
 中华人民共和国财政部 Ministry of Finance
 中华人民共和国人力资源和社会保障部 Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security
 中华人民共和国自然资源部 Ministry of Natural Resources
 中华人民共和国生态环境部 Ministry of Ecological Environment
 中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部 Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development
 中华人民共和国交通运输部 Ministry of Transport
 中华人民共和国水利部 Ministry of Water Resources
 中华人民共和国农业农村部 Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs
 中华人民共和国商务部 Ministry of Commerce
 中华人民共和国文化和旅游部 Ministry of Culture and Tourism
 中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会 National Health Commission
 中华人民共和国退役军人事务部 Ministry of Veterans Affairs
 中华人民共和国应急管理部 Ministry of Emergency Management
 中国人民银行 People's Bank of China
 中华人民共和国审计署 National Audit Office
 “两个维护”（坚决维护习近平总书记党中央的核心、全党的核心地位，坚决维护党中央权威和集中
统一领导）resolutely uphold General Secretary Xi Jinping’s core position on the Party Central Committee
and in the Party as a whole, and resolutely uphold the Party Central Committee’s authority and its
centralized, unified leadership
 四个意识（政治意识、大局意识、核心意识、看齐意识） consciousness of the need to maintain political
integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment
 四个自信（中国特色社会主义道路自信、理论自信、制度自信、文化自信） confidence in the path,
theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics
 工业革命 industrial revolution
 信息技术 information technology
 创新成果 innovation achievement
 试验田 test field
 高速列车 high-speed train
 导航系统 navigation system
 能源消耗 energy consumption
 可替代燃料 alternative fuel
 科学探索 scientific exploration
 市场经济 market economy
 计划经济 planned economy
 可持续发展战略 strategy of sustainable development
 消费观 consumption concept
 改革开放 reform and opening up
 经济特区 special economic zone
 社会主义市场经济 socialist market economy
 合作论坛 Cooperation Forum
 资本主义 capitalism
 证券市场 stock market
 印刷 printing
 造纸 paper-making
 路线图 road maps
 医疗保健 health care
 贸易伙伴 trading partner
 文化桥梁 cultural bridge
 丝路精神 Silk Road spirit
 共同安全 common security
 人类文明 human civilization
 共同发展 shared development
 金融合作 financial cooperation
 互利共赢（互利互惠）mutual benefit
 人文交流 people-to-people exchange
 经济全球化 economic globalization
 经济开发区 economic development zone
 过度依赖资源 over-relying on resources
 基础设施建设 infrastructure construction
 历史文化遗产 historic and cultural heritage
 消除投资和贸易壁垒 remove investment and trade barriers
 传承和弘扬友好合作精神 carry forward the spirit of friendly cooperation
 包装垃圾 packaging waste
 过度包装 excessive packaging
 快递包裹 express parcel
 红海行动 Operation Red Sea
 监察法草案 a draft law on supervision
 人才评价 talent evaluation
 服务发展 development-oriented
 语音电话 voice calls
 优质教育资源 quality education resources
 智能汽车 intelligent vehicles
 现代化经济体系 modernized economy
 断绝外交关系 sever diplomatic relations
 恢复外交关系 resume diplomatic relations
 建立领事关系 establish consular relations
 建立大使级外交关系 establish diplomatic relations at ambassadorial level
 中断外交关系 suspend diplomatic relations
 引渡程序 extradition proceedings
 出示重要信息 reveal important information
 否认所有指控 deny any wrongdoing
 被非法逮捕 be unlawfully arrested
 引发外交危机 spark a diplomatic crisis
 全心全意为人民服务 serve the people wholeheartedly
 重温入党誓言 review the oath of the CPC
 红船精神 the Red Boat spirit
 优惠政策 favorable policies
 教育公平 education equality
 素质教育 all-round education
 高等教育 higher education
 终身学习体系 an education system of lifelong learning
 港独分子 “Hong Kong Independence” activists
 美国总领馆 U.S. Consulate General
 提出严正交涉 lodge stern representations
 表达强烈不满和坚决反对 express strong disapproval and firm opposition
 要求澄清 require clarification
 恪守国际法和国际关系基本准则 abide by international law and basic norms
 停止插手香港事务 refrain from meddling with Hong Kong affairs
 省教育厅 Provincial Department of Education
 外专局 local department of foreign expert affairs
 培训机构 training agency
 工作许可 work permit
 居留许可 residence permit
 遵守法律法规 abide by laws and regulations
 以邻为壑的汇率贬值 beggar-thy-neighbor currency devaluation
 人民币汇率形成机制 the exchange rate formation mechanism of the Renminbi
 保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定 keep the Renminbi exchange rate generally
 加强国际传播能力建设 improve our ability to communicate effectively with international audiences
 从制造大国转向制造强国 transform China from a manufacturer of quantity to one of quality
 税收法定原则 the principle of law-based taxation
 偷拍 stealthie
 经济发展进入新常态，精神面貌要有新状态。China’s economic development has entered a new normal,
meaning we must adopt a new mindset.
 经 济 结 构 互 补 ， 发 展 战 略 契 合 mutually supplementary economic structures and shared development
strategy
 中国的周边外交政策旨在奉行“亲、诚、惠、容”理念，实现睦邻、安邻、富邻。 China’s policy
towards the neighborhood is guided by the principle of sincerity, amity, mutual benefit and inclusiveness. It
aims to bring harmony, stability and prosperity to the neighborhood.
 立国之道，惟在富民。The only way to build a country is to enrich its people.
 履不必同，期于适足；治不必同，期于利民。 As the saying goes, “One pair of shoes need not be the
same as another; it need only fit the wearer’s feet. Governance need not be of only one kind; it need only
benefit the people.”
 为者常成，行者常至。 There is a saying that those who keep up their efforts often achieve their goal, and
those who keep on walking often reach their destination.
 网警 Internet/cyber police
 治安警察 public security police
 户籍警察 household registration police
 刑事警察 criminal police
 交通警察 traffic police
 巡逻警察 patrol police
 外事警察 foreign affairs police
 硬骨头 tough issue
 保 持 中 高 速 增 长 和 迈 向 中 高 端 水 平 双 目 标 。 We must focus on achieving the dual objectives of
maintaining a medium-high rate of growth and moving toward a medium-high level of development.
 人口红利 demographic dividend
 人才红利 talent dividend
 数字媒体 digital media
 通勤列车 commuter train
 债务风险评估和预警机制 debt risk assessment and early warning mechanism
 人脉资源 friend sourcing
 网友 online peers
 债券/信贷资产 bond/credit assets
 微商 Wechat Business
 大额存单 a large-denomination certificate of deposit
 二级市场 the secondary market
 普惠金融 inclusive finance
 创新是人类发展进步的不熄引擎。Innovation is the perpetual engine driving development and progress of
humanity.
 保持战略定力 maintain strategic focus
 经济行稳致远 maintain sustainable economic growth
 动漫形象 animated image
 超级旅游团 super tour group
 企业宣传活动 enterprise publicity campaign
 强农惠农富农 strengthen agriculture, benefit farmers, and raise rural living standards
 健康稳定的大国关系框架 a sound and stable framework for major-country relations
 存贷款基准利率 the benchmark deposit and loan interest rates
 为公平竞争搭好舞台 level the playing field for fair competition
 织密织牢民生保障网 develop a tightly woven and sturdy safety net
 卫国战争 the Great Patriotic War
 胜利日 Victory Day/V-Day
 欧亚经济联盟 The Eurasian Economic Union
 让更多的金融活水流向实体经济 allow more financial resources to be channeled into the real economy
 民之疾苦，国之要事。 Ensuring people's wellbeing is a top priority for the government.
 求同存异、包容互鉴、合作共赢 work together to expand common ground while accepting differences,
and seek win-win progress through inclusive cooperation and mutual learning
 运 动 员 及 随 行 人 员 有 责 任 尊 重 国 际 泳 联 规 定 。 Our athletes and their entourages are aware of their
responsibilities to respect Fina regulations.
 不利用国际泳联的赛事发表个人声明或表态 not use Fina events to make personal statements or gestures
 拒绝登上领奖台，也不与孙杨握手 refuse to step onto the podium or shake Sun’s hand
 欢迎仪式 welcome ceremony
 阿联酋阿布扎比 Abu Dhabi of the United Arab Emirates
 王储 crown prince
 围堵香港中联办 blockade the Liaison Office of the Central People's Government
 向国徽投掷黑色油漆弹 throw black paintball to the national emblem
 在外墙喷涂侮辱性字句 paint insulting words on the exterior wall
 试图冲进办公大楼 attempt to break into the building
 对 部 分 激 进 示 威 者 的 恶 劣 行 径 表 示 强 烈 谴 责 condemn the vicious behaviors of some radical
demonstrators
 公然挑战中央政府权威 blatantly challenge the authority of the Central Government
 触碰“一国两制”原则底线 touch the bottom line of the principle of"one country, two systems"
 坚定支持特区政府依法采取一切必要措施 firmly support the HKSAR Government in taking all necessary
measures in accordance with law
 维护香港法治 safeguard the rule of law in Hong Kong
 中国将坚持对外开放基本国策，大幅度放宽市场准入，加大保护知识产权力度，创造更具吸引力的
投 资 和 营 商 环 境 。 China will continue to pursue its fundamental policy of opening-up by significantly
expanding market access, better protecting intellectual property rights, and making our investment and
business environment more attractive.
 海外留学 overseas study
 学伴项目 buddy program
 留学签证 student visa
 “两不愁三保障”（农村贫困人口不愁吃、不愁穿，义务教育、基本医疗、住房安全有保障） Rural
poor people are free from worries over food and clothing and have access to compulsory education, basic
medical services and safe housing.
 解决同新时代、新使命、新体制不相适应的政策性问题 address the incompatibility of policies with the
new era, new missions and new institutions
 解放思想 emancipate the mind
 不合时宜的思想和行为 outdated mentalities and acts
 军事政策制度 military policies and institutions
 依法治国 law-based governance of the country
 依法执政 law-based exercise of state power
 依法行政 law-based administration of government
 依宪治国 governance of the country on the basis of its Constitution
 软实力 soft power
 艺术杰作 great artwork
 弘扬奉献、友爱、互助、进步的志愿精神 promote the volunteer spirit of dedication, friendship, mutual
help and progress
 贺信 congratulatory letter
 中国志愿服务联合会 China Volunteer Service Federation
 人民是历史的创造者，是时代的雕塑者。广大文艺工作者要关照人民的生活、命运、情感，表达人
民的心愿、心情、心声，立志创作出在人民中传之久远的精品力作。People are the creators of history
and sculptors of time. Artists should care about people's lives, voices and emotions, and create works that
inspire the people and are appreciated by the people.
 拒绝参加合照 refuse to partake in a group picture
 火上浇油 add fuel to the fire
 受够了 be fed up with
 国际泳联对二人发出警告。Fina admonishes both swimmers.
 200 米自由泳夺冠 win the 200-meter freestyle
 获得世锦赛第十一枚个人金牌 earn his 11th individual world title in the Fina competition
 打击宗教极端势力 fight religious extremists
 通过对话协商解决分歧，化解冲突 resolve disputes and conflicts through dialogue and consultation
 第三方市场 the third-party markets
 少数民族 ethnic minorities
 加强发展战略对接 strengthen the alignment of development strategies
 全面战略伙伴关系 comprehensive strategic partnership
 取得新成果 yield new results
 维护国家主权 safeguard national sovereignty
 “河海不择细流，故能就其深。”如果人为阻断江河的流入，再大的海，迟早都有干涸的一天。我们
要促进贸易和投资自由化便利化，旗帜鲜明反对保护主义，推动经济全球化朝着更加开放、包容、
普惠 、平 衡、共赢的方向发展。 As a Chinese saying goes, "The ceaseless inflow of rivers makes the
ocean deep." However, were such inflow to be cut, the ocean, however big, would eventually dry up. We
need to promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, say no to protectionism, and make
economic globalization more open, inclusive, balanced and beneficial to all.
 发出警告信 send a warning letter
 妇女全面发展 women's overall development
 保障和改善妇女民生 safeguard and improve women's livelihoods
 性别平等 gender equality
 全网络售票 online-only ticket booking
 热门景点 tourist hotspots
 以人为本的发展观 people-centered philosophy of development
 不忘初心，牢记使命 keep the original aspiration and mission firmly in mind
 一体化综合交通枢纽 integrated transportation hub
 自助办理登机 self check-in
 自助托运行李 self baggage check-in
 视频识别技术 radio frequency identification (RFID)technology
 电子设备 electronic devices
 实体经济 real economy
 支柱产业 pillar industry
 消费升级 consumption upgrading
 调整产业结构 industrial restructuring
 刺激国内需求 stimulate domestic demand
 按照兜底线、织密网、建机制的要求，全面建成覆盖全民、城乡统筹、权责清晰、保障适度、可持
续的多层次社会保障体系。全面实施全民参保计划。 We will act on the policy requirements to help
those most in need, to build a tightly woven safety net, and to build the necessary institutions, as we work to
develop a sustainable multi-tiered social security system that covers the entire population in both urban and
rural areas, with clearly defined rights and responsibilities, and support that hits the right level. We will work
to see that everyone has access to social security.
 主要经济指标 the main economic indicators
 高质量经济发展 high-quality economic growth
 大水漫灌式强刺激 a “flood-like” stimulus package
 逆周期调节政策 counter-cyclical adjustment policies
 抵御经济风险 fend off economic risks
 刺激内需 stimulate domestic demand
 促进互联互通 enhance connectivity
 完善社会保障措施 improve social security
 提倡国际创新合作 champion international collaboration on innovation
 全球治理 global governance
 系统性金融风险挑战 systemic financial risks and challenges
 多边贸易体制 multilateral trading system
 求同存异 seek common ground
 扩大共识 build greater consensus
 非关税贸易壁垒 non-tariff trade barriers
 推动经贸谈判 advance trade talks
 中国共产党领导是中国特色社会主义最本质的特征，中国共产党是国家最高政治领导力量，是实现
中华民族伟大复兴的根本保证。东西南北中，党政军民学，党是领导一切的。 The leadership of the
Communist Party of China is the defining feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics. The Party is the
highest force for political leadership and the fundamental guarantee of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese
nation. The Party exercises overall leadership over all areas of endeavor in every part of the country.
 强军 strengthen the military
 预备役 reserve force
 军队备战 combat preparedness of the armed forces
 民族团结 ethnic unity
 中华民族复兴 rejuvenation of the Chinese nation
 历史悠久的文明 time-honored civilization
 市场主体 market entity
 连带责任 joint liability
 营商环境 business environment
 党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一 the organic unity of Party leadership, the running of the
country by the people and law-based governance
 结合地方实际做好立法监督工作 improve legislation and supervision based on local conditions
 地方人大及其常委会 local people’s congresses and their standing committees
 民营企业 private businesses
 减税降费 slash taxes and fees
 简政放权、放管结合、优化服务（放管服） streamline the government, delegate powers, and improve
government services
 公平透明、可预期的营商环境 a stable, fair, transparent and predictable business environment
 激发市场活力和社会创造力 stimulate market vitality and the creative power of the whole society.
 要为民营企业发展营造良好的法治环境和营商环境，依法保护民营企业权益，鼓励、支持、引导非
公有制经济继续发展壮大。We should put more efforts to create a sound legal and business environment
for private enterprises, protect their rights and interests in accordance with the law and work to encourage,
support, and guide the development of the non-public sector.
 人口金子塔 population pyramid
 老龄社会 aging society
 低出生率 low birthrate
 纵向社会 vertical society
 猎头 headhunting
 求职活动 job hunting
 求职面试 job interview
 工作签证 working visa
 工作条件 working conditions
 垃圾收集 garbage collection
 垃圾处理 garbage disposal
 下水处理 sewage disposal
 垃圾填埋处理 landfill
 过度包装 excess packaging
 污染土壤无害化处理技术 technology for cleaning contaminated soil
 超低排放汽车 ultra-low emission vehicle
 混合动力汽车 hybrid car
 实验研究 empirical study
 上网费 connection fees
 劳动力市场 labor market
 劳动人口 work force
 就业率 employment rate
 (录用)试用期 trial period
 终身雇佣 lifetime employment
 论资排辈制 seniority system
 就职率 hiring rate
 中国人民抗日战争 the Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression
 中国人民解放战争 the Chinese People's Liberation War
 保卫国家主权、安全和领土完整 safeguard national sovereignty, security and territorial integrity
 中华人民共和国成立 the founding of the PRC in 1949
 劳动模范 Model Workers
 先进工作者 Advanced Workers
 五一劳动奖章 May 1 Labor Medals
 人民健康是民族昌盛和国家富强的重要标志。要完善国民健康政策，为人民群众提供全方位全周期
健 康 服 务 。 A healthy population is a key mark of a prosperous nation and a strong country. We will
improve the national health policy, and ensure the delivery of comprehensive lifecycle health services for our
people.
 无偿付能力个人的破产制度 a bankruptcy system for insolvent individuals
 个人破产 personal bankruptcy
 僵尸企业 zombie companies
 解决企业破产产生的自然人连带责任担保债务问题 resolve the joint liabilities arising from corporate
bankruptcy
 获得感、幸福感、安全感 sense of fulfillment, happiness and security
 立 党 为 公 、 执 政 为 民 the Party's commitment to serving the public good and exercising powers in the
interests of the people
 企业破产 corporate bankruptcy
 横向社会 horizontal society
 贫困线 poverty line
 社会保障卡 social security card
 外交使节 diplomatic envoys
 习近平外交思想 Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy
 全面贯彻对外工作重要部署 fully carry out the plans and arrangements of diplomatic work
 整改问题 rectification of problems
 打赢“三大攻坚战” fight the “three critical battles”
 开展“不忘初心、牢记使命”主题教育，归根结底就是中国共产党必须始终为中国人民谋幸福、为
中华民族谋复兴。只有这样，我们党才能长期执政，国家才能长治久安，老百姓才能生活更加幸福。
By launching the "staying true to our founding mission" campaign, it should be clear that the CPC must
always seek happiness for the Chinese people and strive for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Only by
doing so can the Party maintain long-term governance, the country enjoy enduring peace and stability and
the people live better lives
 湿地保护和恢复 wetland conservation and restoration
 地质灾害防治 prevent and control geological disasters.
 合乘公交 bus pooling/sharing
 定制公交 customized shuttle bus
 低碳出行 low-carbon means of transport
 和平分手 break up on good terms
 分道扬镳 go part ways
 恋爱虽易，婚姻不易，且行且珍惜。Being in love is easy, being married is not. It is to be cherished.
 希望广大志愿者、志愿服务组织、志愿服务工作者立足新时代、展现新作为，弘扬奉献、友爱、互
助、进步的志愿精神，继续以实际行动书写新时代的雷锋故事。 I hope the volunteers, volunteer
service organizations and volunteer service work staff will make new achievements in the new era, push
forward the volunteer spirit of dedication, friendship, mutual help and progress, and carry on their good
deeds.
 特大山体滑坡 a deadly landslide
 全力搜救失踪人员 all-out effort in the search for people still missing
 险情监测 monitor risks
 次生灾害 secondary disasters
 汛期 flood season
 自然灾害隐患 natural disaster hazards
 排查险情隐患 comb the areas for potential problems
 保护人民群众生命财产安全 protect the safety of people’s lives and property
 减少伤亡 reduce casualties
 一周工作时间 workweek
 加班 overtime
 无薪酬加班 unpaid overtime
 弹性工作时间制 flextime
 远程工作/在家工作制 telecommuting
 兼职工作 part-time job
 全职工作 full-time job
 新兴产业 emerging industry
 开放型经济新体制 a new system of open economy
 知识产权归属 intellectual property (IP) ownership
 自主知识产权 independent intellectual property rights (IPR)
 禁烟令 smoking ban
 健康中国行动 Healthy China initiative
 被动吸烟 passive smoking
 二手烟 second-hand smoking
 稳健的货币政策 a prudent monetary policy
 把国有企业降杠杆作为重中之重 prioritize reducing leverage in state-owned enterprises.
 增强信心、保持定力 heighten confidence and maintain strategic focus
 供给侧改革 supply-side structural reform
 培育新的增长点 foster new growth points
 脚踏实地 in a down-to-earth manner
 激发微观主体活力 unleash the vitality of economic entities
 开拓新局 open new ground
 中国经济航船一定能够乘风破浪、行稳致远。 The ship of the Chinese economy is bound to ride the
waves and sail forward steadily
 主持会议 preside over a symposium
 征集意见和建议 solicit opinions and suggestions
 中国首部 3D IMAX 动画电影 the first Chinese 3D animated film in the IMAX format
 横扫中国票房 sweep the Chinese box office
 摇钱树 money spinner
 打破票房纪录 shatter the box office record
 绿水青山 lucid waters and lush mountains
 金山银山 invaluable assets
 创新 、 协 调 、 绿色 、 开 放 、 共 享 的发 展理 念 the vision of innovative, coordinated, green and open
development that is for everyone
 节 约 资 源 和 保 护 环 境 的 空 间 格 局 、 产 业 结 构 、 生 产 方 式 、 生 活 方 式 spatial patterns, industrial
structures, production and living modes that are resource-saving and environmental-friendly
 给自然生态留下休养生息的时间和空间 provide time and space for the natural ecology to rehabilitate.
 久经考验的忠诚共产主义战士 a time-tested and loyal communist soldier
 杰出的无产阶级革命家 an outstanding proletarian revolutionary
 参加葬礼 attend the funeral
 表示哀悼 offer condolences
 送花圈 send a wreath
 八宝山革命公墓 Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery
 工作评定 job assessment
 绩效评估 performance evaluation
 绩效工资 performance-based pay
 在职培训 on-the-job training
 外部培训 off-the-job training
 缺勤率 absentee rate
 危险工作 hazardous work
 荒漠化防治 combat desertification
 携手努力 make concerted efforts
 全球环境治理保护 global environmental governance and protection
 2030 年可持续发展议程 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
 开展国土绿化行动 promote afforestation
 荒漠化、石漠化、水土流失 desertification, stony deserts, and soil erosion
 脸部特征 facial features
 身份识别 identity recognition
 生物识别技术 biological recognition technology
 弱鸟先飞 weak birds take flight early
 滴水穿石 constant dropping wears away a stone
 巩固脱贫成果 consolidate achievements made in poverty relief
 努 力 走 出 一 条 具 有 闽 东 特 色 的 乡 村 振 兴 之 路 work hard to embark on a path of rural vitalization
reflecting the characteristics of eastern Fujian Province
 路怒 road rage
 掉头 perform a U-turn
 大檐帽 a wide-rimmed hat
 衣着寒酸 in shoddy clothes
 斑马线 zebra crossing
 肆无忌惮的举止 unscrupulous gestures
 嚣张跋扈的行为 imperious deeds
 病毒式传播 go viral
 带薪休假 paid leave
 过劳死 death from overwork
 定期提薪 regular pay raise
 退职金 retirement allowance
 跳槽 change jobs
 频繁跳槽 job-hopping
 有法可依，有法必依，执法必严，违法必究 ensure that laws are put in place, observed, and strictly
enforced and that anyone who violates the law is held to account
 一国两制 one country, two systems
 香港特别行政区 Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
 港人治港 the people of Hong Kong governing Hong Kong
 理财 wealth management
 互联网金融服务 online financial services
 不合理消费 unreasonable consumption
 量入为出 live within one's means
 临时收入 occasional income
 不动产收入 income from real estate
 可课税收入 taxable income
 税前收入 pretax earnings
 税后收入 after tax earnings
 积极的财政政策 a proactive fiscal policy
 国内生产总值增长 GDP growth
 财政赤字 fiscal deficit
 收入分配 income distribution
 经济去杠杆 deleverage the economy
 人民币贬值 the RMB yuan depreciation
 宏观层面 macroperspective
 财政状况 fiscalposition
 跨境资本流动 cross-bordercapital movement
 商业道德 business ethics
 信息基础设施建设 information infrastructure
 产业互联网 industrial internet
 军民融合战略 the strategy of military-civilian integration
 对恶劣行径予以严厉谴责 strongly condemn the egregious acts
 将中国国旗扔入海中 fling the Chinese national flag into the sea
 公然冒犯国家、民族尊严 blatantly offend the state and national dignity
 肆意践踏“一国两制”原则底线 wantonly trample on the bottom line of the “one country, two systems”
principle
 司法机构 judicial organs
 侮辱国旗的丑陋行径 ugly flag-insulting acts
 滑进犯罪的深渊 slip into the abyss of criminality
 兄弟齐心，其利断金 When brothers come together, there is nothing they cannot achieve.
 君子一言，驷马难追 A word spoken is a word that must be honored.
 网络实名购票 real-name online ticketing
 刷脸进站 face-scanning check-in
 自动检票机 automatic fare-collection gate
 脸部信息 facial information
 票证信息相符 ticket information conforms to ID card information
 人脸识别技术 facial recognition technology
 新一代人工智能 new-generation AI
 新一轮科技革命和产业变革 the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation
 致慰问电 send a message of condolences
 严重恐怖袭击 the grave terrorist attack
 对遇难者表示深切的哀悼 express deep condolences over the victims
 向伤者和遇难者家属表示诚挚的慰问 convey heartfelt sympathy to the injured and the bereaved families
 坚决反对一切形式的恐怖主义 firmly oppose terrorism in all its forms
 对这次恐怖袭击予以强烈谴责 strongly condemn the terrorist attack
 一线城市 first-tier cities
 政府补助 government subsidies
 汇率操纵国 a currency manipulator
 量化标准 quantitative criteria
 任性的单边主义和保护主义行为 arbitrary unilateral and protectionist practice
 加征关税 impose additional tariffs
 良好经济基本面 sound fundamentals
 准切入点 find the best way
 大力推进结构性改革 advance structural reform
 发展数字经济 promote the digital economy
 适 应 未 来 发 展 趋 势 的 产 业 结 构 、 政 策 框 架 、 管 理 体 系 a future-oriented industry structure, policy
framework and management system
 提升经济运行效率和韧性，努力实现高质量发展 enhance the efficiency and resilience of the economy
and strive for high-quality development
 就业是最大的民生。要坚持就业优先战略和积极就业政策，实现更高质量和更充分就业 。
Employment is pivotal to people's wellbeing. We must give high priority to employment and pursue a
proactive employment policy, striving to achieve fuller employment and create better quality jobs.
 家和万事兴 harmony in a family makes everything successful
 兴家立业 make one's family prosper and establish a career
 齐家治国 regulate one's family and rule the country
 大众创业万众创新 mass entrepreneurship and innovation
 港独分子 “Hong Kong Independence” activists
 美国总领馆 U.S. Consulate General
 提出严正交涉 lodge stern representations
 维护国家主权安全的意志坚定不移 rock-firm in upholding national sovereignty
 恪守 国际 法和 国 际 关系 基本 准 则 abide by international law and basic norms governing international
relations
 与各种反中分子划清界限 make a clean break from anti-China forces
 保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定 keep the Renminbi exchange rate generally stable on a
reasonable and balanced level
 工作许可 workpermit
 居留许可 residence permit
 强台风利奇马席卷中国东部。The powerful typhoon Lekima churns through China’s east coast.
 装填沙袋 stack sandbags
 清理街道积水 drain water off the street
 断电 power cuts
 通讯中断 disruption of telecommunications
 暴雨 torrential downpours
 直接经济损失 direct economic losses
 再次登陆 make a second landing
 发布暴雨红色预警 issue a red alert for heavy rain
 撤离到安全地带 evacuate to safe places
 民营企业 private enterprises
 经贸摩擦 trade frictions
 贸易和投资自由化便利化 trade and investment liberalization and facilitation
 要真诚尊重各种人才，充分激发他们创新创造活力。要倾听基层干部心声，让敢担当有作为的干部
有干劲、有奔头。We must show our sincere appreciation to talent of all kinds, and stimulate their creative
energy. We must lend an ear to our officials at the grassroots, and bring energy and greater purpose to those
who are ready to commit to making a difference.
 5 次踏出国门 make five overseas visits
 出席四场多边会议 attend four multilateral gatherings
 缔造广泛共识 forge broader consensuses
 共同构建人类命运共同体 jointly build a community with a shared future for mankind
 引起抗议 spark a backlash
 尊重中国主权和领土完整 respect China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity
 公然挑战底线 blatantly challenge the bottom line
 政治动机 political motives
 品牌声誉 brand prestige
 西部大开发 western development
 中部崛起 the rise of Central China
 东北振兴 revitalization of northeast China
 京津冀协同发展 integrated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region
 高速增长阶段 a phase of rapid growth
 高质量发展阶段 a stage of high-quality development
 转变发展理念 a change in development concepts
 优化经济结构 optimization of economic structure
 转换增长动力 a shift in growth drivers
 中国经济发展长期向好的基本面没有变 China’s positive economic fundamentals
 经济韧性 long-term trajectory
 回旋余地大 ample room for maneuver
 经济持续增长的良好支撑基础和条件 the strong support and conditions favorable for continued growth
 经济结构调整优化的前进态势 the forward movements of the country’s economic restructuring and
upgrading
 社会事业 social services/programs
 不断 提高 政策 的针对性 、灵 活性 和前瞻性 make our policies more targeted, flexible, and forward-
looking
 扎实推进教育公平 make solid progress in making education more equitable
 理顺能源价格体系 base the energy pricing system on market supply and demand
 理顺政府与市场的关系 clearly define the roles/functions of the government and the market
 理顺 政府 与公民和社会 组织 的关系 the government should properly handle its relationship with the
public and social organizations
 逐步理顺煤电价格关系 make the price of electricity better reflect the price of coal
 清理、规范行政审批事项 review and standardize procedures of administrative approval
 开展债务清理整顿 clear up debt obligations
 提高基本公共服务均等化水平 make delivery of basic public services more equitable; to ensure equal
access to public service
 放宽落户条件 relax restrictions on granting permanent residency
 发挥他们的积极作用 fully motivate them in doing sth.; keep them motivated in doing sth.
 衔接和落实好支持港澳经济社会发展的系列政策措施 implement coordinated policies and measures for
supporting the economic and social development of Hong Kong and Macao
 建立社会救助和保障标准与物价上涨挂钩的联动机制 increase social aid and security to offset price
rises
 纠正有法不依、执法不严、违法不究、粗暴执法、渎职失职和执法腐败等行为 resolve the problems
of laws not being abided by or fully enforced, lawbreakers not being prosecuted, abuses in law enforcement,
dereliction and neglect of duty, and corrupt practices in law enforcement
 开展劳动关系争议排查 settle labor disputes
 完善人才培养、任用、评价、激励机制 improve the mechanism for training, employing, evaluating, and
giving incentives to talented personnel
 发 挥 各 地 特 色 和 优 势 fully tap the distinctive strengths of each region; to optimize local distinctive
strengths
 囤积居奇、操纵价格、恶意炒作 hoarding and profiteering, manipulating prices, and speculation
 优抚对象 entitled group; recipient of government relief
 提高城乡低保补助水平 increase subsistence allowances for rural and urban residents
 一次性生活补贴 one-off living allowances
 基本药物安全性提高、价格下降 Basic drugs became safer and more affordable.
 挂职 to work on secondment
 选任 election-based appointment
 委任 direct appointment
 考任 examination-based appointment
 聘任 contract-based appointment
 双向进入、交叉任职 cross appointment
 基层锻炼 have community-level working experience; get tempered on a community-level post
 到……挂职 take up provisional post in
 非政府组织 / 民间组织 / 群众组织 /人民团体 NGOs / civil society / people's organizations / civic
organizations
 巡视员 inspector
 调研员 researcher
 主任科员 principal staff
 副主任科员 senior staff
 科员 staff member
 编内职工 permanent staff
 中编办 Central Staffing Department
 编制人数 staff size
 国家行政编制 government staff status
 事业编制 staffing of government affiliated institutions
 党政正职领导干部 chief Party and government officials
 大火正在以前所未有的速度肆虐。 Fires are raging at a record rate.
 被誉为“地球之肺”be referred to as the planet's lungs
 产生了地球大气中 20%的氧气 produce 20% of the oxygen in the earth's atmosphere
 减缓全球变暖 slow global warming
 科学发展观 scientific outlook on development
 倡导公正、合理的新秩序观 call for the establishment of a new just and equitable order
 以平等互利为核心的新发展观 new thinking on development based on equality and mutual benefit
 推动树立以互信、互利、平等和协作为主要内容的新安全观 foster a new thinking on security featuring
mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination
 主张形成以尊重多样性为特点的新文明观 foster a new thinking on civilization that respects diversity
 新能源观 new thinking on energy development
 古为今用、洋为中用旧译 let the ancient serve the present, let the foreign serve the national，现译 draw
from past and foreign achievements
 文艺工作 cultural and art work; work in the cultural field
 牢牢把握先进文化的前进方向 firmly keep to the direction of an advanced culture/cultural advancement
 文化 与经济和 政治互相 交融 interaction between cultural work, and economic and political activities /
cultural elements/factors intermingle with economic and political factors
 民族的科学的大众的社会主义文化 a socialist culture that is distinctly Chinese, pro-science and people-
oriented
 弘扬主旋律，提倡多样化 promote mainstream values and uphold cultural diversity
 以科学的理论武装人，以正确的舆论引导人，以崇高的精神塑造人，以优秀的作品鼓舞人
Equip/empower people with scientific theories, guide them with correct opinions/ convey to them right
messages/provide them with correct media guidance, imbue them with a noble spirit and inspire them with
excellent/fine works
 具有中国气派的社会主义文化 Chinese-style socialist culture; socialist culture with Chinese appeal
 越是民族的，越是世界的 The pride of a nation is also the pride of the world. / What's unique for a nation
is also precious for the world. / When you are unique, the world comes to you.
 文艺应当贴近群众，贴近生活，贴近实际。Culture and arts should be/keep close to the people, their
lives and reality.
 艺术滋润心灵，文化陶冶情操。Art nurtures the soul and culture cultivates the mind.
 文化是维系中华民族生生不息、蔓延不断的精神纽带。 Culture is the spiritual bond that ensures the
continuity of our Chinese nation.
 我们不能割断民族的文化血脉。We must never sever the cultural vein of our nation.
 树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观 to foster a right/correct outlook/view on the world, life and values
文化市场，文化贸易 cultural market, cultural trade
 始终把社会效益放在首位 always put social benefit first
 扶持体现民族特色和国家水准的重大文化项目和艺术院团 support major/top-notch cultural projects and
art troupes that represent national characteristics and national level
 科技成果转化 the commercialization of scientific research findings; the application of advances in science
and technology
 入境签证、居留许可和就业许可 entry visa, permanent residence and employment permit
 强调生态文明建设的重要性 underscore the importance of ecological conservation
 沙漠化防治 desertification control
 生态恢复 ecological restoration
 生态屏障 ecological shield
 消除绝对贫困 eliminate absolute poverty
 因病返贫 slip back into poverty due to illness
 柔性电子设备 flexible electronics
 高分辨率触摸屏 high-resolution touch screen
 柔性显示屏 flexible display screen
 网贷 online loan
 构成犯罪 constitute a crime
 保险索赔 an insurance claim
 为世界和亚太经济发展与合作提供中国方案、贡献中国智慧 offer China's wisdom and approaches to
achieving economic development and cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region and the world at large
 学术不端行为 academic misconduct
 中国知识基础设施工程（中国知网）China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI)
 国产科幻大片 homegrown sci-fi blockbuster
 《流浪地球》The Wandering Earth
 喜剧小品 comic skits
 合家团圆 family reunion
 “两弹一星”勋章 Two Bombs, One Satellite Achievement Medal
 国家最高科学技术奖 State Preeminent Science and Technology Award
 自由贸易试验区 pilot free trade zones
 外资准入负面清单 negative lists for foreign investment market access
 贷款基准利率 benchmark lending rate
 个人住房贷款利率 personal mortgage loan rate
 贷款市场报价利率 loan prime rate
 市场化改革 market-driven reform
 房住不炒 houses for living and not for speculative investment
 以航站楼、轨道交通、城际铁路、高速公路为主体的综合陆空联运枢纽 a comprehensive air-ground
combined transportation hub composed of terminal, rail transit, inter-city railway as well as an expressway.
 吞吐量 throughput
 无障碍设施 barrier-free facilities
 “刷脸”进站 “face swiping” check-in
 能 源 资 源 节 约 和 生 态 环 境 保 护 energy and resources conservation and ecological and environmental
protection
 农村综合改革 comprehensive reforms in rural areas
 农 业 税 、 牧 业 税 、 特 产 税 全 部 取 消 Agricultural tax, livestock tax and taxes on special agricultural
products were rescinded throughout the country
 支农惠农政策 policies to support and benefit agriculture, rural areas and farmers
 非公有制经济 the non-public sector of the economy
 城乡居民最低生活保障制度 the system of basic living allowances for urban and rural residents
 衣食住行用水平不断提高 enjoy better food, clothing, housing, transport and other daily necessities / better
access to…
 政治体制改革 reform of political institutions
 民族区域自治制度 the system of autonomy of ethnic regions
 基层民主 community-level democracy
 中国特色社会主义法律体系 a socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics
 依法治国基本方略扎实贯彻／深入落实 The rule of law was effectively implemented / will be carried out
as a fundamental principle. reform of the government administration system and the judicial system
 行政管理体制、司法体制改革 reform of the government administration system and the judicial system
 推 动 形 成 优 势 互 补 高 质 量 发 展 的 区 域 经 济 布 局 improve regional economic planning featuring
complementary advantages and high-quality development
 提升产业基础能力和产业链水平 upgrade basic industries and industrial chains
 我国制造业规模居全球首位，是全世界唯一拥有全部工业门类的国家。China is the world's largest
manufacturer and is the only country owning all industrial categories worldwide.
 中 央 财 经 委 员 会 第 五 次 会 议 the fifth meeting of the Central Committee for Financial and Economic
Affairs
 租赁房源 rental houses
 快递行业 the courier industry
 拓展多元化进口渠道 diversify importing channels
 乡村特色产业 rural industries with local characteristics
 创业支撑服务平台 service platforms to encourage business startups
 双层动车组 double-decker bullet train
 全面推进乡村振兴 push forward rural revitalization in all respects
 智慧农业 smart agriculture
 倡导命运共同体意识 highlight the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind
 各国应该坚持创新引领，加快新旧动能转换。 All countries should stick to innovation and accelerate the
transition with traditional growth drivers being replaced by new ones.
 密集恐惧症 trypophobia
 公安干警 police officers
 快递小哥 deliverymen
 注册制 registration-based IPO mechanism
 科创板 the science and technology innovation board
 生态移民 ecomigration/ecological migration
 自提柜网点 self-service sites for package delivery
 战略自信和战略定力 strategic confidence and resolve
 劳务报酬 remuneration for personal service
 经济全球化是不可逆转的历史大势, 为世界经济发展提供了强劲动力。Economic globalization is an
irreversible historical trend and provides strong momentum for the world economic development.
 中国 开放 的大 门不会关 闭， 只会 越开越大。 China will not close its door to the world and will only
become more and more open.
 新型城镇化 a new model/type of urbanization
 经济外交、人文交流成果丰硕。 Our economic diplomacy and cultural and people-to-people exchanges
yielded rich fruit.
 37 个主要城市第二季度的平均月薪为 8452 元。The average monthly salary was 8,452 yuan in 37 major
cities during the second quarter of this year.
 环比增长 5％ represent a 5 percent increase compared with last quarter
 北京高居榜首，平均月薪达到 11204 元，上海与深圳紧随其后。Beijing ranked first with its average
monthly salary reaching 11,204 yuan, followed by Shanghai and Shenzhen.
 平均工资最高的行业是金融业。Payment for people involved in the financial industry ranks first.
 基金、保险和期货 funds, securities and futures
 我国经济发展的空间结构正在发生深刻变化。China’s structure of economic development is undergoing
profound changes.
 中心城市和城市群正在成为承载发展要素的主要空间形式。Central cities and city clusters are becoming
the major vessels for development.
 坚持政府引导和市场机制相结合 combine government guidance with the market mechanism
 剽窃指控 allegations of plagiarism
 开卡 creating account
 充值 topping up
 正当防卫 justifiable defense
 妨害公务罪 crime of endangering public affairs
 医疗纠纷和风险防范机制 medical dispute and risk prevention mechanism
 共享护士 nurse sharing
 信用记录 credit record
 社会治理体制 social governance system
 社会信用体系 social credit system
 追梦人 dream chasers
 医保目录 medical insurance list
 预选着陆区 the preselected landing area
 世界民族之林 among the nations of the world
 与时俱进 keep abreast of the times
 第四次工业革命 the Fourth Industrial Revolution
 构建全球架构 shape a global architecture
 辅助生殖技术 assisted reproductive technology
 季节性人口迁移 seasonal migration of people
 大学英语考试 College English Test, CET
 全国英语等级考试 Public English Test System, PETS
 占用应急车道 emergency lane occupancy
 核心指标 core indicator
 数据传输速度 data transmission speed
 智慧家居 smart home
 北京城市副中心 Beijing’s subsidiary center
 英语专业考试 Test for English Majors, TEM
 以人为本 human-centered
 错峰休假 leave on non-public holidays/off-peak vacations
 医疗、医保、医药 medical services, health insurance, and the medicine industry
 民办医疗机构 private hospital
 偷拍裙底 upskirting
 寻衅滋事行为 causing disturbances
 微型生态系统 mini biosphere
 商务英语证书 Business English Certificate
 促进世界和平是中国追求的长期目标。Promoting world peace is China's consistent objective.
 相通则各进，相闭则各退。Countries make progress through exchanges and fall behind due to isolation.
 着陆在月球背面 touch down on the far side of the moon
 台湾问题是中国的内政，不容任何外来干涉。 The Taiwan question is China's internal affair and allows
no external interference.
 中华民族伟大复兴 the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation
 重要改革举措 important reform measures
 岁月不居，时节如流。Time stops for no one, and the seasons keep changing.
 情绪控制 emotional control
 环保品牌 eco-friendly brands
 政府资产净值 government's net wealth
 药品采购政策 pharmaceutical procurement policies
 药品集中采购 pooled procurement of medicines
 医药分开 separate medical treatment from drug sales
 是 当 代 中 国 发 展 进 步 的 旗 帜 ， 是 全 党 全 国 各 族 人 民 团 结 奋 斗 的 旗 帜 the banner guiding the
development and progress of China and rallying the whole Party and people of all ethnic groups in the
country in our common endeavor
 当 代 中 国 正 在 发 生 广 泛 而 深 刻 的 变 革 China now is going through a wide-ranging and deep-going
transformation
 抓住和用好重要战略机遇期 seize and make most of the opportunities in this important strategic period
 锐意进取 forge ahead with determination
 就 关 系 全 局 的 重 大 问 题 作 出 决 定 和 部 署 make decisions and action plans on issues of overriding
importance
 提出并贯彻科学发展观等重大战略思想 formulate and apply the Scientific Outlook on Development and
other major strategic thoughts
 经济效益明显提高 Economic performance improved markedly / remarkably.
 区域发展协调性增强 Regional development became more balanced.
 自主创新能力 capacity for independent innovation
 载人航天飞行成功实现 Manned spaceflights were successfully conducted
 海洋资源 marine resources
 海底资源 sea bottom resources
 土壤保持 soil conservation
 环境评估 environmental assessment
 环境工程学 environmental engineering
 环境核算 environmental accounting
 有害垃圾 Hazardous Waste/harmful waste
 可回收垃圾 Recyclable Waste
 湿垃圾（厨余垃圾）Household Food Waste
 干垃圾 Residual Waste
 广东自由贸易试验区 the Guangdong pilot free trade zone
 自主创新 independent innovation
 创新发展主动权 the initiative of innovative development
 脱贫 get out of poverty/ be lifted out of poverty
 贫困线 poverty threshold/poverty line
 野生动物园 safari park
 国家公园 national park
 工业废弃物 industrial waste
 核废弃物 nuclear waste
 有害废弃物 hazardous waste
 有毒废弃物 toxic waste
 一个以稻作农业为经济基础，并拥有统一信仰体系的区域性国家 a regional state with a unified belief
system and supported economically by rice-cultivating agriculture
 新石器晚期 late Neolithic
 石器 stone artifacts
 大规模调查发掘 extensive surveys and excavations
 良渚古城遗址 Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City
 世界文化遗产名录 World Cultural Heritage List
 关注 following
 粉丝 follower
 互粉 mutual following
 收容无家可归的动物 shelter the homeless animals
 用动物做实验 do experiments with animals
 在马戏团表演 do performances in the circus
 运送货物 carry goods
 帮助警察找到嫌疑犯或毒品 help policemen find suspects or drugs
 陪伴人们 keep people company
 帮助弱智或残障的人 help the handicapped or the disabled
 生态链 ecological chain
 保护自然环境 protect the natural environment
 动物保护 animal protection
 制定严格的法律 stipulate strict laws
 未成年人权益 minor's rights and interests
 未成年人身心健康 physical and mental health of youngsters
 校园欺凌 school bullying
 抚养能力 childrearing capacity
 我们国家发展一个新动力源 a new impetus for the growth of our country
 跨海公铁大桥 cross-sea road-rail bridge
 六车道高速公路 six-lane expressway
 高铁 high-speed railway
 抑制部分行业产能过剩和重复建设 restrict excess production capacity and redundant development in
some industries
 婚检 premarital health checkup
 民政部 the Ministry of Civil Affairs
 活禽 live poultry
 呼叫转移 call forwarding
 来电显示 caller ID
 呼叫等待 call waiting
 虹膜识别 iris recognition
 互联网从业者 internet professional
 汇率中间价 central parity rate
 国家最高科技奖 State Preeminent Science and Technology Award
 生理学 physiology
 东北虎 Siberian tiger
 国庆花坛 National Day floral displays
 号贩子 hospital appointment scalper
 汗血马 blood-sweating horse
 红色通缉令 red notice
 奉子成婚 shotgun wedding
 抚恤金 comfort fund
 辅警 auxiliary police
 付费订阅 pay-to -read
 副中心 subcenter
 放生 release of captive animals
 寄宿制小学 boarding primary school
 矫情 be affectedly unconventional;use lame argument
 博眼球 gain publicity;attract people’s attention
 "鸵鸟“心态 ostrich mentality/gain publicity;attract people's attention
 舆情漩涡 the whirlpool of public opinion
 赶时髦 try to be in the swim;follow the fashion
 活灵活现 lifelike
 锦鲤 fancy carp
 素描 line drawing
 井喷式发展 explosive development
 人机界面 human-to-computer interface
 斜杠青年 youth slash
 复合型人才 inter-disciplinary talent;versatile talent
 双失青年 non-engaged youth
 插画师 illustrator
 刚需 rigid demand
 细分垂直平台 segment vertical platform
 千载难逢的机会 once-in-a-lifetime opportunity
 向祖国献上衷心的感谢和美好的祝愿 extend gratitude and best wishes to the motherland
 夜经济 nighttime economy
 消费展 consumption fairs
 连锁便利店 chain convenience stores
 民俗艺术表演 folk-art performances
 商业步行区 commercial pedestrian zones
 加强市场价格监管 strengthen the supervision of market prices
 保持物价基本稳定，保障基本民生 keep prices stable to ensure that people's basic living needs are met
 取消不合理禁养限养规定 remove unreasonable bans on pig farming
 中央储备 central reserves
 冻肉库存 frozen meat inventory
 生猪生产 hog production
 饲料供应 fodder supply
 政府补贴猪肉 government-subsidized pork
 一次性补贴 one-off subsidies
 大庆油田 Daqing Oilfield
 翻开了中国石油开发史上具有历史转折意义的一页 opening a new chapter of historic significance in the
country's oil exploration and development history
 镌刻在伟大祖国的历史丰碑上 be engraved on the historical monument of the great motherland
 为实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦作出新的更大的贡献 make new
and greater contributions to the realization of the Two Centenary Goals and the Chinese Dream of national
rejuvenation
 应用基础研究 basic research in applied sciences
 国家重大科技项目 major national science and technology project
 共性技术 generic technologies
 前沿引领技术 cutting-edge frontier technologies
 颠覆性技术 disruptive technologies
 数字中国 a digital China
 智慧社会 a smart society
 改革创新、奋发有为 pursue reform and innovation with great endeavor
 开展国际援助 carry out international assistance
 危害国家和人民根本利益 jeopardize the core and fundamental interests of the country and the people
 软件开发人员 software developer
 把美元兑换成人民币 convert U.S. dollars into Renminbi yuan
 承担全部责任 take all the responsibility
 无缘直通东京奥运会 fail to qualify for the Tokyo Olympics
 中国篮球和世界先进水平的差距越来越大。 The gap between China and the world leading basketball
countries has been enlarged.
 职业联赛 professional league
 教育系统先进集体和先进个人代表 outstanding units and individuals in education circles
 尊重宽容 、严 爱相 济 display respect and tolerance towards students and treat them with both love and
strict rules
 增强职业吸引力 increase the appeal of the profession
 获得广泛认同 win broad endorsement
 高素质劳动者和技术技能人才 high-quality workers and skilled technical personnel
 弘扬精益求精的工匠精神 carry forward craftsmanship with the pursuit of excellence
 共和国勋章 Medal of the Republic
 友谊勋章 Friendship Medal
 国家荣誉称号 national honorary titles
 男女同工同酬 equal pay for equal work between men and women
 杂交水稻 hybrid rice strain
 核潜艇 nuclear submarine
 首航 maiden voyage
 抗疟剂治疗 anti-malarial treatment
 主席令 presidential decree
 世界技能大赛 World Skills Competition （WSC）
 高度重视对英雄模范的表彰 attach great importance to honoring heroes and role models
 弘扬他们身上展现的忠诚、执着、朴实的鲜明品格 promote their qualities of loyalty, perseverance and
humbleness
 伟大出自平凡，平凡造就伟大。 Greatness comes out of the ordinary.
 崇尚英雄才会产生英雄，争做英雄才能英雄辈出。When people respect and advocate heroes, more
heroes will come to the fore.
 坚定的理想信念 firm ideals and convictions；
 不平凡的成就 extraordinary achievement
 世界级先进制造业集群 world-class advanced manufacturing clusters
 创新驱动发展战略 innovation-driven development strategy
 纪念那些为中国人民解放事业和共和国建设事业英勇献身的烈士 commemorate those who sacrificed
their lives for national independence and prosperity
 向先烈致敬 pay tribute to deceased national heroes
 烈士纪念日 Martyrs’ Day
 各界 all walks of life
 民族团结进步 ethnic unity and progress
 无党派爱国人士 patriotic persons without party affiliations
 由…主持 preside over by
 森林公园 forest parks
 自然保护区 nature reserves
 湿地 wetlands
 国家级风景名胜区 national scenic areas
 地质公园 geological parks
 世界遗产地 world heritage sites
 外卖 food delivery service
 体育强国 a leading sporting nation
 卫冕冠军 defending champion
 中华体育精神 sportsmanship with Chinese characteristics
 中华人民共和国的成立彻底改变了近代以后 100 多年中国积贫积弱、受人欺凌的悲惨命运，中华民
族走上了实现伟大复兴的壮阔道路。 The founding of the People's Republic of China (PRC) completely
changed China's miserable fate of being poor and weak and being bullied and humiliated in over 100 years
since the advent of modern times. The Chinese nation has since then embarked on the path of realizing
national rejuvenation.
 中国的昨天已经写在人类的史册上，中国的今天正在亿万人民手中创造，中国的明天必将更加美好。
China's yesterday had been inscribed in human history while China's today is being created in the hands of
hundreds of millions of Chinese people, China will surely have an even brighter future.
 阅兵式 military parade
 群众游行 mass pageantry
 “因俗而治”“因事而治” special policies based on "special local customs and conditions"
 人工智能工程技术人员 artificial intelligence technicians
 物联网安装调试员 Internet of Things technicians
 云计算工程技术人员 cloud computing technicians
 电子竞技运营师 electronic sports specialists
 无人机驾驶员 unmanned aerial vehicle pilots
 隆重集会 grand rally
 全国各族人民 Chinese people of all ethnic groups
 革命先辈 revolutionary forefathers
 满足人民对美好生活的向往 meet people's aspirations for a better life
 互利共赢的开放战略 a mutually beneficial strategy of opening up
 “鬼镇”，被废弃的城镇 ghost town
 购物中心 shopping mall
 美容院 beauty salon
 美甲店 nail bar
 仓储式商店 warehouse-style store
 （郊外的）购物区，零售商业区 retail park
 商业税 business rate
 实体店里，商店里 shop floor
 固定成本 fixed costs
 中国梦 Chinese dream
 和平统一 peaceful reunification
 中华民族大团结 the great unity of the Chinese nation
 中国特色社会主义道路 a path of socialism with Chinese characteristics;
 人类命运共同体 a community with a shared future for humanity;
 中华民族伟大复兴; great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation
 新时代中国特色社会主义思想 the thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era;
 中国特色社会主义道路自信、理论自信、制度自信、文化自信 confidence in the path, theory, system,
and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics
 人才红利 talent dividends
 人口红利 demographic dividends
 人与自然和谐共处 harmonious coexistence between man and nature
 走生态优先、绿色发展之路 give priority to ecology and green development
 团结一切可以团结的力量 unite all the forces that can be united
 走向中华民族伟大复兴的光明前景 progress toward the brilliant future of national rejuvenation
 红色旅游 red tourism or revolutionary-themed tourism
 中国票房新纪录 set a new record at the Chinese box office;
 口碑良好的大片 well-acclaimed blockbusters
 跟团游 package tour
 自由行 independent tour
 定制旅游 customized tour
 当地游玩 local sightseeing
 数字经济 digital economy
 数字平台公司 digital platform companies
 市值 market capitalization value
 世界第二大经济体 the world's second largest economy
 制造业、货物贸易、外汇储备第一大国 the largest manufacturer, the largest trader in goods, and holder
of the largest foreign exchange reserves
 假日经济 holiday economy
 出境游 outbound tourism
 国内游 domestic tourism
 生态文明 ecological civilization
 生态治理 ecological governance
 室内展览 indoor displays
 室外园艺 outdoor gardening
 生态文明教育基地 an education center for displaying achievements in ecological civilization
 脱贫 lift poor people out of poverty
 易地搬迁的群众 relocated residents
 开发式扶贫 development-orientated poverty reduction
 深度贫困地区 severely impoverished areas
 零团费出游 free-of-charge tours
 价格欺诈 price fraud
 旅游不文明行为 inappropriate tourism behavior
 粮食自给率 food self-sufficiency rate
 农业综合产业 agribusiness
 专职农户 full-time farmhouse
 可追溯性 traceability
 美国职业篮球联赛 National Basketball Association
 采用双重标准 apply double standards
 借保护言论自由之名 in the name of protecting “free speech rights”
 干涉国家内政 interference in the country's internal affairs
 对中国领土主权的威胁 a threat to China's territorial sovereignty
 取消了两场表演赛的转播 cancel broadcasting of two exhibition games
 终止业务合作 terminate business cooperation
 和平发展道路 the path of peaceful development
 澳门特别行政区 Macao Special Administrative Region
 交通强国 a country with strong transportation network
 铁路营运里程 mileage of operational railway
 通过跨桥下方 pass under the overpass
 312 国道 312 National Road
 压中桥下三两小车 collapse and crush three cars beneath it
 无人车辆 unoccupied car
 涉事企业法人被警方带走 A company’s legal representative was taken away by police.
 超载货车 overloaded truck
 封锁现场 The site was cordoned off.
 重型起重机 heavy-duty crane
 搜救工作 search and rescue work
 中巴经济走廊 China-Pakistan Economic Corridor
 好朋友、好邻居、好伙伴、好兄弟 good friends, partners, neighbors, and brothers
 全天候战略合作伙伴 all-weather strategic cooperative partners
 友谊始终牢不可破、坚如磐石 the friendship has always been unbreakable and rock-solid
 外交优先方向 a diplomatic priority
 保障和改善民生 ensure and improve people's wellbeing
 公租房 public rental housing
 多谋民生之利、多解民生之忧 do more to improve the lives and address the concerns of the people
 补齐短板 strengthen areas of weakness
 幼有所育、学有所教、劳有所得、病有所医、老有所养、住有所居、弱有所扶 ensuring people's
access to childcare, education, employment, medical services, elderly care, housing, and social assistance
 企业文化 corporate culture
 卖点 selling point
 差异化战略 differentiation strategy
 顾客忠诚度 customer loyalty
 顾客维系 customer retention
 顾客满意度 customer satisfaction
 台风海贝思 Typhoon Hagibis
 山体滑坡和泥石流 landslides and mudflows
 21 条河流决堤 Embankments of 21 rivers collapsed.
 被洪水吞没 engulfed by floodwater
 暴雨预警 downpour warning
 温带气旋 an extratropical cyclone
 微塑料 microplastics
 纳米塑料颗粒 nanoplastic particles
 背景音乐 background music
 臭氧空洞 ozone hole
 客户服务中心 call center
 售后服务保证书 product warranty
 免费通话号码 toll-free number
 消费者协会 consumers' association
 中国与尼泊尔将建立中尼面向发展与繁荣的世代友好的战略合作伙伴关系 China and Nepal agreed to
upgrade their relations to a strategic partnership of cooperation featuring ever-lasting friendship for
development and prosperity
 中尼友好在尼泊尔拥有广泛共识和扎实根基 China-Nepal friendship enjoys broad consensus and solid
foundation in Nepal
 中尼两国人民心意相通、休戚与共，是邻国友好交往的典范。The two peoples have shared weal and
woe, and set an example of friendly exchanges between neighboring countries
 跨喜马拉雅立体互联互通网络建设 the construction of a trans-Himalayan connectivity network
 和平共处五项原则 the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence
 世代友好 enjoy a long-standing friendship
 互尊互信的好朋友 good friends sharing mutual respect and trust
 《联合国宪章》Charter of the United Nations
 睦邻友好原则 principles of good neighborliness
 休戚与共 share weal and woe
 党和国家机构改革 reform of Party and state institutions
 服务型政府 service-oriented government
 黑社会性质组织 mafia-natured organizations
 再审 conduct a retrial
 强制侮辱妇女 insult women by forcible means
 故意伤害 intentionally inflict injury upon others
 寻衅滋事 create disturbances
 监察机关 supervisory organs
 耕地保护制度 farmland protection system
 国家粮食安全战略 national strategies for food security;
 坚持立足国内保障粮食基本自给的方针 abide by the principle of basic food self-sufficiency based on
domestic grain production
 整笔支付 lump-sum payment
 分期付款 installment payment
 公司业绩 business performance
 拖欠款项 outstanding payment
 中美 双 方 在 达 成经 贸协 议 问 题上 是一 致的 。 China and the United States hold the same position on
reaching an economic and trade deal.
 中美经贸高级别磋商 China-U.S. high-level economic and trade consultations；
 结果符合各方期待。This outcome is in line with the expectations of all parties.
 实质性进展 substantial progress
 加征关税 impose levies on
 缓解贸易冲突 de-escalate tensions
 生活垃圾管理 domestic waste management
 一次性餐具 disposable cutlery
 环保材料 environment-friendly materials
 可再生资源 renewable resources
 职业教育 vocational education
 工匠精神 craftsmanship
 表示强烈愤慨和坚决反对 express strong indignation on and firm opposition to
 止暴制乱、恢复秩序、维护法治 end violence, restore order and safeguard the rule of law
 坚定维护自身主权、安全、发展利益 defend its sovereignty, security and development interests
 美方打“香港牌”绝不会得逞 playing Hong Kong as a card will get the US nowhere
 罔顾事实，颠倒黑白 ignore the facts and confound right with wrong
 趁 火 打 劫 ， 遏 制 中 国 发 展 ， 其 险 恶 用 心 昭 然 若 揭 fish in troubled waters and hold back China's
development. Such evil intentions have been laid bare.
 任何外部势力企图分裂中国都是痴心妄想！Any attempt by foreign forces to split China is pipe dream.
 搬起石头砸自己的脚 end up shooting yourselves in the foot
 大气污染防治行动计划 Action Plan for Prevention and Control of Air Pollution
 煤改气、煤改电项目 coal-to-gas and coal-to-electricity projects
 水污染防治 prevent and control water pollution
 这次庆祝活动充分展示了新中国成立 70 年来的辉煌成就，有力彰显了国威军威，极大振奋了民族精
神，广泛激发了各方面力量。 The celebrations had showcased China’s glorious achievements over the
past 70 years, demonstrated China’s national and military strength, boosted the morale of the Chinese nation
and generated momentum across the board.
 活动能够取得圆满成功，根本在于党中央的坚强领导，在于全党全军全国各族人民的共同努力。The
success of the celebrations lies in the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the concerted
efforts of the whole Party, the entire military and the Chinese people of all ethnic groups.
 加强爱国主义教育 strengthen patriotic education
 厨余垃圾 kitchen waste
 可回收物 recyclables
 其他垃圾 other waste
 奥斯卡 2020 年最佳国际电影 the best international feature film category at the 2020 Oscars
 3D 动画电影 3D animated film
 票房赢家 box-office juggernaut
 一夜成名 become an overnight inspiration
 本土大片 home-grown blockbuster
 产教融合 integration between industry and education
 校企合作 cooperation between enterprises and colleges
 实现高等教育内涵式发展 bring out the full potential of higher education
 精准扶贫 targeted poverty alleviation
 脱贫摘帽 lift out of poverty
 贫困线 poverty threshold/line/limit
 中国智慧 China's wisdom
 中国方案 China's approach
 网络空间命运共同体 a community with a shared future in cyberspace
 国家扶贫日 National Poverty Relief Day
 当前，脱贫攻坚已到了决战决胜、全面收官的关键阶段。 The country’s battle against poverty has
reached a crucial stage of securing a decisive and complete victory.
 务必咬定目标 must stick to poverty relief goals
 一鼓作气，坚决攻克深度贫困堡垒 make continuous efforts to tackle extreme poverty
 着力补齐贫困人口义务教育、基本医疗、住房和饮水安全短板 improve weak links in compulsory
education, basic medical care, housing and drinking water safety for the impoverished population；
 确保农村贫困人口全部脱贫，同全国人民一道迈入小康社会 ensure that all rural poor can be lifted out
of poverty and step into a moderately prosperous society by next year
 非法食品添加剂 illegal food additives
 农药残留 pesticide residues
 假冒伪劣药品 fake or substandard medicine
 国际军事体育理事会 (International Military Sports Council -- CISM)
 世界军人运动会 CISM World Games
 小微企业 micro and small firms
 科技型初创企业 technology startups
 行政事业性收费 administrative fees
 一般性支出 general expenditures
 互联网 迎 来 了 更加强 劲 的发展 动 能和更加 广阔 的发展 空间。 The Internet is embracing a stronger
development momentum and broader development space.
 全球治理 global governance
 构建网络空间命运共同体 build a community with a shared future in cyberspace
 发展好、运用好、治理好互联网 develop, use and govern the Internet well
 顺应时代潮流 follow the trend of the times
 数字时代 the digital age
 创新、绿色、包容和共享理念 innovative, green, inclusive and shared perception
 数字制造业 digital manufacturing
 工业互联网 industrial internet
 智慧企业 intelligent enterprises
 工业互联网平台 industrial internet platforms
 “智能+” Intelligence Plus initiatives
 制造业转型升级 transformation and upgrading in manufacturing
 工业互联网创新发展 innovative development of the industrial internet
 垃圾分类 garbage sorting/classification
 无废城市 no-waste/waste-free cities
 固体垃圾 solid waste
 生活垃圾 domestic waste
 世界互联网大会 World Internet Conference
 尊重网络主权 respect internet sovereignty
 促进开放合作 promote openness and cooperation
 构建良好秩序 cultivate good order
 屠呦呦团队开展的抗疟科研工作具有卓越性，贡献不可估量。 The antimalarial research work carried
out by Tu Youyou’s team is groundbreaking, outstanding and immeasurable.
 致力于寻找疟疾的治疗方案长达五十年 dedicate towards finding a cure for malaria for more than five
decade
 中国已消灭疟疾。The epidemic has been eradicated in China.
 青蒿素抗药性 artemisinin resistance；
 虫媒传染病 insect-borne infectious disease
 辅助药物 partner drug
 防沉迷系统 anti-addiction system
 筹措资本 capital raising
 资产价值 property value
 资产周转率 asset turnover
 直接融资 direct financing
 注册会计师 certified public accountant
 数字服务供应商 digital service providers
 预防未成年人沉迷网络 prevent the minors from indulging in cyberspace
 独角兽企业 unicorn companies
 谷物基本自给 basic self-sufficiency of grain
 口粮绝对安全 absolute security of staple food
 港珠澳大桥 Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge
 跨海大桥 cross-sea bridge
 通车 open to traffic
 粤港澳大湾区 Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area
 通关 pass through customs checkpoints
 货车 cargo vehicle
 联合国宪章宗旨和原则 the purposes and principles of the UN Charter
 国际关系基本准则 the basic norms of international relations
 单边主义和霸凌行径 unilateralism and bullying
 多边主义最基本的道理，就是国际上的事情，要由各国商量着办，要按大家同意的规矩办，要兼顾
各 国 利 益 和 关 切 。 The most fundamental principle of multilateralism is to address international issues
through consultation in accordance with the collectively agreed rules, with each country's interests and
concerns taken into consideration.
 坚持公平正义，在维护世界和平、促进共同发展，特别是在深化全球合作解决全球性挑战方面，发
挥引领作用 play a leading role in upholding fairness and justice, safeguarding world peace and promoting
common development, especially in deepening global cooperation and in tackling challenges facing the
world
 超速 speeding
 超载 overloading
 疲劳驾驶 fatigue driving
 肇事逃逸 hit-and-run
 沉痛哀悼 deep grief and mourning
 难者是否为中国国籍尚有待核实。Further checking is needed to know whether they are Chinese citizens.
 启动尸检 post-mortem examinations take place
 调查事故原因 establish the chain of events that led to the tragic incident
 货车货柜 truck container
 犯罪团伙 organized crime groups
 当前，经济全球化遇到一些曲折困难，但经济全球化潮流不可逆转，各国利益日益交融、命运更加
休戚与共是大势所趋，不断创造更加美好的生活是各国人民的共同期待。 Economic globalization is an
irreversible trend despite some difficulties it has encountered, the interests and future of different countries
are becoming increasingly interconnected, and creating a better life is a common aspiration of people around
the world.
 中国是经济全球化的受益者，更是贡献者，将坚定不移走和平发展道路，奉行互利共赢开放战略，
继续为开放型世界经济发展增添动力，同世界各国人民一道，推动经济全球化朝着更加开放、包容、
普惠、平衡、共赢的方向发展，让经济全球化更好造福世界各国人民。 As a contributor to and a
beneficiary of economic globalization, China will remain steadfast in pursuing the path of peaceful
development and an opening-up strategy of mutual benefit to continue adding impetus to an open world
economy. China will work with other countries to promote economic globalization and make it more open,
inclusive, balanced and beneficial to all.
 教育资源的分配不均 the uneven distribution of educational resources
 高考移民 national college entrance exam migrant
 海归 overseas returnee
 自主招生 independent recruitment
 更加开放、基于规则的自由贸易体制 a more open and rule-based free trade system
 开展海上搜救和反恐等联合演习 conduct joint exercises in fields such as counterterrorism and maritime
search and rescue
 广泛交流 extensive exchanges
 民意调查 public opinion polls
 “僵尸企业”处置 disposal of "zombie enterprises"
 释放大量沉淀资源 unleash untapped resources
 混合所有制改革 mixed-ownership reform
 优化公司治理结构 optimize corporate governance structure
 辨认受害者 identify the victims
 目前已有 24 个越南家庭报案称家庭成员失踪。Up to 24 Vietnamese families have since reported missing
relatives.
 掩盖身份 obscure their identities
 过失杀人 manslaughter
 串谋贩卖人口 conspiracy to traffic people
 非法移民 unlawful immigration
 洗钱 money laundering
 区块链技术应用 application of blockchain technology
 分布式账本 distributed ledger
 去中心化 decentralization
 加密货币 cryptocurrency
 代币发行融资 Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs)
 协同攻关 coordinated key-task tackling
 核心技术突破 breakthroughs in key technologies;
 区块链应用发展 blockchain development and application
 区块链标准化研究 standardization of blockchain
 咸猪手 groping;
 地铁站内涂鸦 graffiti on subway stations
 解放和发展社会生产力 unleash and develop productive forces
 对标国际先进水平 align with advanced international levels
 营商环境只有更好，没有最好。 Improvement of the business environment is an on-going process, and
there is always room for things to become better.
 投资环境 investment environment
 自由贸易试验区 pilot free trade zones
 科学技术是人类的伟大创造性活动，发展科学技术必须具有全球视野、把握时代脉搏。 Science and
technology are great creative activities of mankind, and the development of science and technology requires
a global perspective and must stay up to date with the times.
 科技前沿领域 frontier fields of science and technology
 中国将以更加开放的态度加强国际科技交流，依托世界顶尖科学家论坛等平台，推动中外科学家思
想 智 慧 和 研 究 成 果 转 化 为 经 济 社 会 发 展 的 强 大 动 力 。 China will strengthen international sci-tech
exchanges with a more open attitude, and help transform the wisdom and research achievements of Chinese
and foreign scientists into a powerful momentum for economic and social development on the basis of
platforms such as the World Laureates Forum.
 第二届中国国际进口博览会 the second China International Import Expo (CIIE)
 国家展 country exhibitions
 企业展 business exhibitions
 开放型世界经济 open global economy
 互利共赢的开放战略 a win-win strategy of opening-up
 投资自由化便利化政策 policies to advance trade and investment liberalization and facilitation
 放宽市场准入 broaden market access
 交通运输部发布新规，在全国范围内禁止乘客在列车内进食（婴儿、病人除外）。 The Ministry of
Transport introduced a new regulation that bars passengers nationwide, with exceptions for infants and
people with certain medical conditions, from eating or drinking in subway cars.
 禁止乘客使用电子设备听音乐或看视频时外放声音，禁止卧躺或踩踏座席 forbid subway riders from
playing music or videos on speakers, lying down or stepping on seats
 禁止不文明行为 deter uncivilized conduct
 车厢 train cars
 长途通勤 long commutes
 10 月 31 日：
 减轻学习负担 academic burden reduction；
 课后培训机构 after-school training institutions；
 应试教育 exam-oriented education；
 公布成绩和班级排名 make grades and class rankings public；
 入学率 enrollment rates；
 考试分数 test scores

 11 月 1 日:
 防病治病 disease prevention and treatment;
 中医药现代化、产业化 modernization and industrialization of TCM;
 中西医并重 equal importance should be placed on both TCM and Western medicine
 中国共产党第十九届中央委员会第四次全体会议 the fourth plenary session of the 19th
Central Committee of the Communist Party of China；
 发布公报 release a communique；
 国 家 治 理 体 系 和 治 理 能 力 现 代 化 modernization of China’s system and capacity for
governance；
 确保实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标进而实现伟大复兴 ensure the realization of the two
centenary goals toward the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation；
 中国特色社会主义制度 the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics

 11 月 3 日：
 世园会 the Beijing International Horticultural Exhibition；
 国家公务员考试 national civil servant exam；
 政治素质 political integrity；
 未成年人保护法 Minors Protection Law；
 5G 商用 commercialization of 5G services

 11 月 4 日:
 乡村振兴 rural revitalization;
 农 业 农 村 农 民 问 题 （ “ 三 农 ” 问 题 ） issues relating to agriculture, rural areas, and
farmers;
 农业农村现代化 modernization of agriculture and rural areas
 农耕文化蕴含的思想观念、人文精神、道德规范 concepts, humanism and moral codes
in traditional rural culture;
 文明乡风、良好家风、淳朴民风 rural civilization, good family virtues and simple folkways
 文明乡风 social civility in rural areas;
 产业兴旺、生态宜居、乡风文明、治理有效、生活富裕 thriving businesses, pleasant
living environments, social etiquette and civility, effective governance, and prosperity
 中国自主研发的阿尔茨海默药物获批上市，填补了过去 17 年来 AD 治疗领域的空白。
China’s self-developed drug for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) has been greenlighted for sales,
filling a 17-year blank in this field.
 改善轻度至中度阿尔茨海默病患者的认知功能 improve cognitive function in mild-to-
 moderate AD patients；
 药理机制 pharmacological mechanism；
 心血管疾病和恶性肿瘤 cardiovascular diseases and malignant tumors
 提高社会主义现代化国际大都市治理能力和治理水平 improve the capacity and level of
governance of modern socialist international metropolises；
 无论是城市规划还是城市建设，都要坚持以人民为中心，聚焦人民群众的需求。Urban
planning and development must be committed to a people-centered approach and focus on
people's needs.
 设立科创板并试点注册制要坚守定位，提高上市公司质量。The science and technology
innovation board and the pilot registration system must stay committed to their roles, and
the quality of listed firms should be improved.
 畅 通民 意反 映渠 道， 丰富 民主 形式 make it easier for residents to express their views
through established channels and continue to explore diverse forms of democracy
 认知障碍 cognitive impairment;
 临床实验 clinical trials;
 食品药品安全 food and drug safety;
 电子追溯制度 electronic tracking system

 11 月 5 日:
 基层党建 primary-level Party building;
 城市管理 urban management;
 社区治理 community governance
 以人民为中心 people-centered;
 国家治理体系和治理能力现代化 the modernization of China's system and capacity for
governance;
 配套资源 supporting resources
 顺应各国人民对美好生活的向往 meet the common aspirations of people around the
world to live a better life；
 加强国际合作 intensify international cooperation；
 进入广阔的中国市场 access the vast Chinese market；
 第二届中国国际进口博览会 the Second China International Import Expo

 [70 周年大会词汇]

 中华人民共和国成立 70 周年

 the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China(PRC)

 中国特色社会主义道路 path of socialism with Chinese characteristics

 民族独立 national independence

 全国各族人民 Chinese people of all ethnic groups

 同心同德 concerted efforts

 艰苦奋斗 arduous struggle

 主体地位 principal status

 和平发展道路 path of peaceful development

 开放战略 strategy of opening-up

 和平统一 peaceful reunification

 人类命运共同体 a community with a shared future for humanity

 [国家勋章和国家荣誉称号词汇]

 共和国勋章 the Medal of the Republic

 国家最高荣誉 the highest state honor

 友谊勋章 the Friendship Medal

 国家荣誉称号 national titles of honor

 共和国史册 the history of the PRC

 英雄模范 heroes and role models

 [向人民英雄敬献花篮词汇]

 人民英雄纪念碑 the Monument to the People’s Heroes

 烈士纪念日 Martyrs’ Day

 历史性成就 historic accomplishments

 革命先辈 revolutionary forefathers

 世界和平 world peace

 重大贡献 great contributions

 理想信念 ideals and convictions

 社会主义革命 socialist revolution

 捍卫国家主权 safeguard China’s sovereignty

 [国庆阅兵词汇]

 阅兵 military parade

 联合军乐团 military band

 空中护旗梯队 airborne flag-guarding echelons

 徒步方队 foot formations

 装备方队 armament formations

 空中梯队 air echelons

 中国人民解放军 Chinese People’s Liberation Army(PLA)

 仪仗方队 formations of guards of honor

 维和部队方队 formations of peacekeepers

 女兵方队 servicewomen formations

 军备方队 formations for military equipment

 陆上作战 land combat operation

 海上作战 maritime combat operation

 防空反导 air defense and missile defense

 高科技武器装备 high-tech weapons and equipment

 反舰导弹 anti-ship missiles

 防空导弹 anti-aircraft missiles

 运输机 transport planes

 喷气式战斗机 fighter jets

 高空高速无人侦察机 high-altitude high-speed reconnaissance drone

 武警特警 special armed police forces

 武官 military attaches

 [群众游行词汇]

 群众游行 mass pageantry

 大事件 epoch-making event

 社会经济成就 socioeconomic accomplishments

 伟大复兴 great rejuvenation

 青春记忆 memory of youth

 毛泽东思想 Mao Zedong Thought

 新民主主义革命 New Democratic Revolution

 邓小平理论 Deng Xiaoping Theory

 历史性决策 historic decision

 社会主义初级阶段 the primary stage of socialism

 上下一心的国家 nation of one mind

 三个代表重要思想 Theory of Three Represents

 习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想

 Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era

 伟大飞跃 great leap

 竞技体育 competitive sports

 全民健身 nationwide fitness campaign

 冰雪运动 ice and snow sports

 中国梦 Chinese Dream

 [国庆招待会词汇]

 国庆招待会 National Day reception

 改革开放 reform and opening-up

 民族复兴 national rejuvenation

 一国两制 One Country, Two Systems

 港人治港 the people of Hong Kong governing Hong Kong

 九二共识 the 1992 Consensus

 合作共赢 cooperation and win-win

 “两个一百年”奋斗目标 the two centenary goals

 [联欢活动词汇]

 主题表演 theme performances

 文艺演出 art performances

 即兴表演 improvisation

 新时代 new era

 新面貌 new look

 视听盛宴 visual and acoustic feast

 传统舞蹈 traditional dance

 非物质遗产元素 intangible cultural heritage elements

 舞龙舞狮 lion and dragon dance

 2022 冬奥会和残奥会吉祥物 2022 Winter Olympic and Paralympic mascots

 [外国领导人贺词词汇]

 最具活力的经济体 the most dynamic economies

 民生 people’s livelihoods

 国际舞台 international stage

 重大全球问题 major global problems

 战略伙伴 strategic partners

 综合国力 overall national strength

 国际影响力 international influence

 国际地位 international status

 必然选择 inevitable choice

 根本保障 fundamental guarantee

 摆脱贫困 out of poverty

 小康社会 moderately prosperous society

 伟大征程 great journey

 社会主义现代化强国 great modern socialist country

 积极贡献 positive contributions

 双边关系 bilateral relation

 11 月 6 日：
 第二届中国国际进口博览会于 2019 年 11 月 5 日在上海开幕。中国国家主席习近平出
席开幕式并发表主旨演讲。以下是讲话的双语摘编：

 Chinese President Xi Jinping attended the opening ceremony of the Second China
International Import Expo in Shanghai on November 5, where he announced the opening of
the expo and delivered a keynote speech. The following is an edited excerpt of Xi’s remarks:

 我们要以更加开放的心态和举措，共同把全球市场的蛋糕做大、把全球共享的机制做
实、把全球合作的方式做活，共同把经济全球化动力搞得越大越好、阻力搞得越小越
好。

 We must have a more open mindset and take more open steps, and work together to make
the pie of the global market even bigger. We need to strengthen the mechanisms for sharing
benefits globally and explore new ways of international cooperation. The goal is to give
more impetus to economic globalization and remove impediments as much as we could.

 我们应该坚持以开放求发展，深化交流合作，坚持“拉手”而不是“松手”，坚持
“拆墙”而不是“筑墙”，坚决反对保护主义、单边主义，不断削减贸易壁垒，推动
全球价值链、供应链更加完善，共同培育市场需求。

 We need to promote development through opening up and deepen exchanges and

cooperation among us. We need to “join hands” with each other instead of “letting go” of
each other’s hands. We need to “tear down walls”, not to “erect walls”. We need to stand
firm against protectionism and unilateralism. We need to continually bring down trade
barriers, optimize global value and supply chains, and jointly foster market demand.

 中国将更加重视进口的作用，进一步降低关税和制度性成本，培育一批进口贸易促进
创新示范区，扩大对各国高质量产品和服务的进口。

 China will give greater importance to import. We will continue to lower tariffs and
institutional transaction costs,develop demonstration zones to promote import trade by
creative means, and import more high-quality goods and services from around the world.


 我们将坚持对外开放的基本国策，坚持以开放促改革、促发展、促创新，持续推进更
高水平的对外开放。

 第一，继续扩大市场开放；

 第二，继续完善开放格局；

 第三，继续优化营商环境；

 第四，继续深化多双边合作；

 第五，继续推进共建“一带一路”。

 China will adhere to its fundamental state policy of opening up and stay committed to
opening up to promote reform,development and innovation. This will bring about opening
up at an even higher level.

 First, China will continue to open up its market.

 Second, China will continue to optimize its opening-up structure.

 Third, China will continue to improve the business environment.

 Fourth, China will continue to deepen multilateral and bilateral cooperation.

 Fifth, China will continue to advance Belt and Road cooperation.

 “一花独放不是春，百花齐放春满园。” 各国经济，相通则共进，相闭则各退。

 摘自 2013 年 9 月 5 日习近平在二十国集团领导人峰会第一阶段会议上关于世界经济形
势的发言

 “A single flower does not make spring while one hundred flowers in full blossom bring
spring to the garden.” Countries will grow if their economies are open, and conversely
decline if their economies are closed.

 开放带来进步，封闭导致落后，这已为世界和我国发展实践所证明。党的十八大以来，
我们乘势而上，加快构建开放型经济新体制，更高水平的开放格局正在形成。

 摘自 2014 年 12 月 5 日习近平在主持第十八届中共中央政治局第十九次集体学习时的
讲话要点
 Opening up brings progress, while isolation leads to backwardness. International
development and China’s development both prove this to be true. Since the 18th CPC
National Congress, we have taken the opportunity to speed up building an open economic
system, and now a higher-level pattern of opening up is taking shape.

 中国开放的大门永远不会关上，利用外资的政策不会变，对外商投资企业合法权益的
保障不会变，为各国企业在华投资兴业提供更好服务的方向不会变。

 摘自 2015 年 12 月 16 日习近平在第二届世界互联网大会开幕式上的讲话

 China’s door of opening up will never close. Our policy toward foreign investment will not
change. Our protection of the legitimate rights and interests of foreign-invested enterprises
will not change. And our commitment to providing better services to foreign companies in
their investment and business activities in China will not change.

 中国对外开放，不是要一家唱独角戏，而是要欢迎各方共同参与；不是要谋求势力范
围，而是要支持各国共同发展；不是要营造自己的后花园，而是要建设各国共享的百
花园。

 摘自 2016 年 7 月 1 日习近平在庆祝中国共产党成立 95 周年大会上的讲话

 China’s opening up is not a one-man show; it welcomes joint efforts from other countries; it
is not a fight for spheres of influence, or a means of building a “garden“ in its own backyard,
but to support the common development of all countries or build a “park“ that can be
shared by the international community.

 我们要坚定不移发展全球自由贸易和投资，在开放中推动贸易和投资自由化、便利化，
旗帜鲜明反对保护主义。搞保护主义如同把自己关进黑屋子，看似躲过了风吹雨打，
但也隔绝了阳光和空气。打贸易战的结果只能是两败俱伤。

 摘自 2017 年 1 月 17 日习近平在世界经济论坛 2017 年年会开幕式上的主旨演讲

 We must remain committed to developing global free trade and investment, promote trade
and investment liberalization and facilitation through opening up, and say no to
protectionism. Pursuing protectionism is like locking oneself in a dark room. While wind and
rain may be kept outside, the dark room will also block light and air. No one will emerge as a
winner in a trade war.


 中国有句古语叫“落其实思其树，饮其流怀其源”。中国发展得益于国际社会，中国
也为全球发展作出了贡献。中国将继续奉行互利共赢的开放战略，将自身发展机遇同
世界各国分享，欢迎各国搭乘中国发展的“顺风车”。

 摘自 2017 年 1 月 18 日习近平在联合国日内瓦总部的演讲

 As an old Chinese saying goes, “When you reap fruits, you should remember the tree; when
you drink water, you should remember its source.” China has benefited from the world in its
development,and China has also contributed to the world’s development. We will continue
to pursue a mutually beneficial opening-up strategy, share our development opportunities
with other countries and welcome them on board the train of China’s development.

 对一个国家而言，开放如同破茧成蝶，虽会经历一时阵痛，但将换来新生。

 摘自 2017 年 5 月 14 日习近平在“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛开幕式上的演讲

 For a country to open itself to the outside world, it is like a silk moth breaking free from its
cocoon. There will be short-term pains, but one gets a new life afterwards.

 回顾历史，开放合作是增强国际经贸活力的重要动力。立足当今，开放合作是推动世
界经济稳定复苏的现实要求。放眼未来，开放合作是促进人类社会不断进步的时代要
求。

 摘自 2018 年 11 月 5 日习近平在首届中国国际进口博览会开幕式上的主旨演讲

 History tells us that openness and cooperation are a major driving force behind dynamic
international economic and trade activities. The current situation calls for openness and
cooperation to foster steady global recovery. Looking ahead, openness and cooperation will
remain essential for continued human progress.

 主旨演讲 a keynote speech；

 坚决反对保护主义、单边主义 resolute opposition to protectionism and unilateralism；
 共建开放合作的世界经济 jointly build a world economy of openness and cooperation
 全球价值链、供应链 value and supply chains；
 你中有我、我中有你 countries are inter-connected with each other；
 开放创新的世界经济 an open world economy with innovation；
 开放共享的世界经济 an open world economy for mutual benefits；
 更高水平的对外开放 bring about opening-up at a higher level
 飞行期间允许女乘客进入驾驶舱 allow a female passenger in the cockpit during a flight；
被终身停飞 be suspended for life ；
 与民航局沟通建议吊销机长的飞行执照 suggest the civil aviation authority revoke the
pilot's license；
 涉事机组人员受到停飞 12 个月的处分。 On-duty crew members were suspended from
flying for 12 months.

 在线直播 streaming online；

 直播答题 live streaming quiz；
 直播经济 live streaming economy；
 粉丝经济 fan economy
 “ 双 11” 购 物 节 the Nov. 11 shopping festival — popularly known as “Singles’ Day” or
“Double Eleven”

 11 月 7 日:
 网红带货（social）influencer marketing;
 网红 internet celebrity/social media influencer/influencer

 跨行政区域共建共享 cross-administrative cooperation and sharing;

 生 态 文 明 与 经 济 社 会 发 展 相 得 益 彰 ecological progress and economic and social
development complement each other;
 顺应自然 harmony with nature;
 保护生态的绿色发展 eco-friendly progress

 正 式 启 动 6G 技 术 研 发 工 作 officially launching the 6G technology research and

development；
 处于探索阶段 in an exploratory stage；
 关键指标和应用场景还未有统一的定义。Key indicators and application scenarios have
not been uniformly defined
 .5G 商用 5G commercialization；
 移动运营商 telecom operators
 11 月 7 日: 文化遗产 cultural heritage; 文化多样性 cultural diversity; 世界遗产名录
World Heritage List; 申遗 bid for the World Heritage List

 11 月 7 日: Openness and Cooperation for a Shared Future

Keynote Speech by H.E. Xi Jinping

President of the People’s Republic of China
At the Opening Ceremony of the Second China International Import Expo

Shanghai, 5 November 2019

Your Excellency President Emmanuel Macron,
Your Excellencies Prime Minister Andrew Holness, Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis, and Prime
Minister Ana Brnabic,
Your Excellencies Speakers of Parliament,
Your Excellencies Heads of International Organizations,
Your Excellencies Heads of Delegations,
Distinguished Guests,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Friends,

In this lovely season tinted with deep autumn hues, it gives me great pleasure to get together
with you by the Huangpu River. I now declare open the second China International Import Expo!

At the outset, on behalf of the Chinese government and people as well as in my own name, a
hearty welcome to all the distinguished guests from afar! To the many old and new friends
gathered here from across the world, I give you my warm greetings and best wishes!

A year ago in this same place, the inaugural China International Import Expo was successfully
held. Today, we are happy to be joined by even more friends in the second Expo that carries on
the theme of “New Era, Shared Future”. I trust that you will all find your participation in the event
worthwhile and rewarding!

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Friends,

At last year’s Expo, I announced the initiatives China was to take in the five areas of further
opening-up and spelt out three specific steps for Shanghai to open wider to the world. One year
on, these initiatives and steps have been by and large put in place. The Shanghai Pilot Free Trade
Zone now has a Lingang special area, and six other new pilot free trade zones have been set up in
other provinces of the country. The Shanghai Stock Exchange launched a sci-tech innovation
board, with a registration system being piloted for the listing of companies. In the Yangtze River
Delta area, a plan for integrated development of the region has been introduced as a national
strategy. At the national level, a Foreign Investment Law will enter into force on 1 January next
year. A management system combining pre-establishment national treatment and the negative
list has been effected nationwide. Major progress is being made in increasing imports to boost
consumption and in bringing down the tariff level. For last year’s Expo, during my bilateral events
with foreign leaders, 98 initiatives were agreed upon, of which 23 have now been completed, 47
are making good progress, and 28 are on track of steady implementation.

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Friends,

Economic globalization represents the trend of history. Like the world’s great rivers, the Yangtze,
the Nile, the Amazon and the Danube — they all surge forward in relentless flow, and nothing can
stop their mighty movement, not the current of undertows or hidden shoals or rocks beneath the
water.

Of the problems confronting the world economy, none can be resolved by a single country alone.
We must all put the common good of humanity first rather than place one’s own interest above
the common interest of all. We must have a more open mindset and take more open steps, and
work together to make the pie of the global market even bigger. We need to strengthen the
mechanisms for sharing benefits globally, and explore new ways of international cooperation. The
goal is to give more impetus to economic globalization and remove impediments as much as we
could.

For that to happen, I want to propose the following:

First, let us work together to build an open world economy through cooperation. As global value
and supply chains continue to develop, countries are inter-connected with each other, and
integration of their economies is the order of the day. Distances between countries are getting
shorter, and interactions among countries are growing, hence the probability of differences and
frictions. The right solution lies in consultation and cooperation. All problems could be settled in
the spirit of equality, mutual understanding and accommodation. We need to promote
development through opening-up and deepen exchanges and cooperation among us. We need to
“join hands” with each other instead of “letting go” of each other’s hands. We need to “tear
down walls”, not to “erect walls”. We need to stand firm against protectionism and unilateralism.
We need to continually bring down trade barriers, optimize global value and supply chains, and
jointly foster market demand.

Second, let us work together to build an open world economy with innovation. Innovation-driven
development is essential to sustained growth of the world economy. What we are seeing is a new
round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation. It has reached a
historic juncture when major breakthroughs are within sight. Countries need to step up
cooperation in innovation. We need to facilitate integration of science and technology with
economic growth, and increase the sharing of innovation results. We need to remove barriers
that hamper the flow of knowledge, technology, talents and other factors of innovation, and
support our businesses in technical exchanges and cooperation on their own accord. This is a way
to unleash the potential for innovation. And, to benefit mankind with the better use of
knowledge, we need to tighten the protection of intellectual property. The least desirable is for
us to stifle the flow of knowledge, or to create or even widen the technology divide among us.

Third, let us work together to build an open world economy for mutual benefits. We need to
work toward the vision of inclusive and mutually beneficial development. We need to work
together to safeguard the international order underpinned by the purposes and principles of the
UN Charter, uphold the core values and basic principles of the multilateral trading system,
promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, and make economic globalization
more open, inclusive, balanced, and beneficial to all. We need to work in real earnest to
implement the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and increase support for the Least
Developed Countries so that the benefits of development will reach more countries and peoples.

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Friends,

Standing at a new historical starting point, China will open its door only wider to the world. The
Communist Party of China has just concluded the fourth plenary session of the 19th Central
Committee. A decision has been made to further uphold and improve the socialist system with
Chinese characteristics and to modernize the country’s system and capacity for governance. That
included a host of significant measures to deepen reform and opening-up. China will adhere to its
fundamental state policy of opening-up and stay committed to opening-up to promote reform,
development and innovation. This will bring about opening-up at an even higher level.

First, China will continue to open up its market. China has a population of 1.4 billion. Its middle-
income population is the biggest in the world. The huge Chinese market points to a potential that
is simply unlimited. The Chinese people often say, “The world is a big place, and I want to see just
more of it.” What I want to say to you today is that the Chinese market is such a big one that you
should all come and see what it has to offer. China will better leverage the fundamental role of
domestic consumption in economic development and foster a more robust domestic market to
boost growth at home and create more room for global growth. China will give greater
importance to import. We will continue to lower tariffs and institutional transaction costs,
develop demonstration zones to promote import trade by creative means, and import more high-
quality goods and services from around the world. We will take steps to promote balanced
development of both imports and exports, of trade in goods and services, of two-way trade and
investment, and of trade and industry. This way, we will ensure a free yet orderly flow of both
international and domestic factors of production, improve the efficient allocation of resources,
and deepen integration of markets.

Second, China will continue to optimize its opening-up structure. China’s opening-up is all-
dimensional and all-sectoral. A new structure of all-out opening-up is quick in the making. China
will continue to encourage bold trials and experiments in pilot free trade zones and quicken the
development of the Hainan Free Trade Port as pacesetters of opening-up in China. China will
continue to implement integrated regional development strategies for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei
region, the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the Yangtze River Delta region, and the Guangdong-Hong
Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and draw up a new national strategy for environmental protection
and high-quality development in the Yellow River basin. The purpose is to seek greater synergy of
opening-up among different parts of the country.

Third, China will continue to improve the business environment. Proper business environment
provides the necessary condition for enterprises to survive and thrive. On 24 October, the World
Bank released its Doing Business Report 2020, which ranks China 31st, up by 15 places from last
year’s ranking of 46th. Last month, China issued a regulation on optimizing the business
environment. Going forward, China will continue to remove major constraints on economic
development, gear up reforms regarding key links and areas, and modernize the system and
capacity for governance as an institutional support for high-standard opening-up and high-quality
development. China will continue to foster an enabling business environment that is based on
market principles, governed by law, and up to international standards. We will give foreign
investments greater market access to more sectors, shorten the negative list further, and improve
institutions for investment promotion and protection and for information reporting. With regard
to IP protection, we will cultivate an environment that appreciates the value of knowledge,
improve the legal framework, step up law enforcement, and enhance protection through both
civil and criminal justice systems.

Fourth, China will continue to deepen multilateral and bilateral cooperation. China is a champion
for international cooperation and a supporter of multilateralism. China supports necessary
reforms to the WTO so that the organization can play a bigger role in promoting openness and
development and the multilateral trading regime can be more authoritative and effective. Later
this afternoon, the Chinese side will host an Informal WTO Ministerial Meeting. We look forward
to candid exchanges that will lead to joint actions to improve global economic governance. I am
happy to note that yesterday, 15 countries taking part in the Regional Comprehensive Economic
Partnership (RCEP) concluded text-based negotiations, and I hope the agreement will be signed
and enter into force at an early date. China will be happy to conclude high-standard free trade
agreements with more countries. We will speed up negotiations on a China-EU investment
agreement, a China-Japan-ROK FTA, and a China-Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) FTA. We will stay
actively engaged in cooperation within the United Nations, the G20, APEC, and BRICS to move
economic globalization forward.

Fifth, China will continue to advance Belt and Road cooperation. To date, China has signed 197
documents on Belt and Road cooperation with 137 countries and 30 international organizations.
China will follow the principle of extensive consultation, joint contribution, and shared benefits,
the philosophy of open, green, and clean cooperation, and a high-standard, people-centered, and
sustainable approach to promote high-quality Belt and Road cooperation.

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Friends,

Looking forward, China will follow the new development approach and the strategy of
innovation-driven development, and redouble our efforts to foster new growth drivers by shifting
the growth model, improving the economic structure, and creating new growth momentum. We
believe such efforts will not only bring China high-quality development but also new growth
opportunities for the global economy.

I have faith in the bright prospects of China’s economic development. China’s development,
viewed through the lens of history, is an integral part of the lofty cause of human progress. China
will reach out its arms and offer countries in the world more opportunities of market, investment
and growth. Together, we can achieve development for all.

Ladies and Gentlemen,

 Friends,

The Chinese civilization has always valued peace under heaven and harmony among nations.
Let us all work in that spirit and contribute to an open global economy and to a community with
a shared future for mankind.

Thank you.

 11 月 8 日：
 前冬季奥运会冠军 former Winter Olympic champion；
 世界反兴奋剂机构 World Anti-Doping Agency；
 短道速滑比赛 short track speed skating events；
 国际社会的认可 international society’s recognition
 区域全面经济伙伴关系协定 Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership （RCEP）；
文本谈判 text-based negotiations
 多边贸易体制 multilateral trading system；
 区域一体化 regional integration

 11 月 8 日：
 10 月 7 日

 2019#诺贝尔奖揭晓#：生理学或医学奖被三位研究细胞感知和适应氧气变化机制的英
美学者斩获

 1 ： 关 于 细 胞 如 何 感 应 氧 气 变 化 的 研 究 research into how human cells respond to

changing oxygen levels；

 2：三人的研究成果为贫血、癌症及其它多种疾病的治疗开辟了新途径。 The trio's

discoveries have paved the way for "promising new strategies to fight anaemia, cancer and
many other diseases."

 3：#2019 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖#2019 Nobel Prize for Medicine；

 4：获奖者 laureate

 10 月 8 日

 #最强国庆档#：#三部国产大片票房破 50 亿#

 1：歌颂爱国主义、英雄主义 celebrate patriotism and heroism；

 2：中国票房新纪录 set a new record at the Chinese box office；

 3：我和我的祖国是由 7 个短篇故事组成的多段式电影，不同导演执导。Me and My
Motherland is a portmanteau film of seven short stories directed by different directors. :

 4：#攀登者#讲述了 1960 年第一支中国登山队征服珠穆朗玛峰的故事。 The Climbers

tells the story of the first Chinese team to conquer Mount Qomolangma in 1960.

 5：#中国机长#讲述的是川航飞机因故障迫降，确保机上全部人员生命安全的故事。In
The Chinese Pilot, a Sichuan Airlines crew lands a damaged plane and saves the flight's
passengers.

 6：口碑良好的大片 well-acclaimed blockbusters

 10 月 10 日

 莫雷言论挺“港独”，陷#休斯顿火箭#和#NBA#于困境

 1：美国职业篮球联赛 National Basketball Association；

 2：采用双重标准 apply double standards；

 3：破坏了数十年来的关系 roiling the decades-long relationship；

 4：借保护言论自由之名 in the name of protecting “free speech rights”；

 5：干涉国家内政 interference in the country's internal affairs；

 6：对中国领土主权的威胁 a threat to China's territorial sovereignty；

 7：取消了两场表演赛的转播 cancel broadcasting of two exhibition games；

 8：终止业务合作 terminate business cooperation

 10 月 11 日

 #无锡高架坍塌#，初查车辆超载所致

 1：通过跨桥下方 pass under the overpass；

 2：312 国道 312 National Road；

 3：压中桥下三两小车 collapse and crush three cars beneath it；

 4：无人车辆 unoccupied car；

 5：涉事企业法人被警方带走 A company’s legal representative was taken away by police.

 6：超载货车 overloaded truck；

 7：封锁现场 The site was cordoned off.

 8：重型起重机 heavy-duty crane；

 9：搜救工作 search and rescue work

 10 月 14 日

 #台风海贝思#肆虐：#5 名中国籍船员遇难#

 1：台风海贝思 Typhoon Hagibis；

 2：山体滑坡和泥石流 landslides and mudflows；

 3：21 条河流决堤 Embankments of 21 rivers collapsed.

 4：被洪水吞没 engulfed by floodwater；

 5：暴雨预警 downpour warning；

 6：温带气旋 an extratropical cyclone

 10 月 14 日

 #孙小果案再审开庭审理#

 1：当地人民检察院对孙小果等 13 名被告人以组织、领导、参加黑社会性质组织罪提
起公诉。Local prosecutors have filed an indictment against Sun Xiaoguo and the other 12
suspects for organizing, leading and participating in mafia-natured organizations.

 2：再审 conduct a retrial；

 3：强制侮辱妇女 insult women by forcible means；

 4：故意伤害 intentionally inflict injury upon others；

 5：寻衅滋事 create disturbances；

 6：监察机关 supervisory organs；

 7：职务犯罪 duty-related crimes

 10 月 15 日

 习近平访问尼泊尔：推动两国关系更上一层楼

 1：中国与尼泊尔将建立中尼面向发展与繁荣的世代友好的战略合作伙伴关系 China
and Nepal agreed to upgrade their relations to a strategic partnership of cooperation
featuring ever-lasting friendship for development and prosperity；

 2：中尼友好在尼泊尔拥有广泛共识和扎实根基 China-Nepal friendship enjoys broad

consensus and solid foundation in Nepal；

 3：中尼两国人民心意相通、休戚与共，是邻国友好交往的典范。The two peoples have

shared weal and woe, and set an example of friendly exchanges between neighboring
countries；

 4：跨喜马拉雅立体互联互通网络建设 the construction of a trans-Himalayan connectivity

network

 10 月 16 日

 第十三轮中美经贸高级别磋商近日举行：#外交部确认中美达成第一阶段协议#

 1：中美双方在达成经贸协议问题上是一致的。 China and the United States hold the

same position on reaching an economic and trade deal.

 2：中美经贸高级别磋商 China-U.S. high-level economic and trade consultations；

 3：结果符合各方期待。This outcome is in line with the expectations of all parties.

 4：实质性进展 substantial progress；

 5：加征关税 impose levies on；

 6：缓解贸易冲突 de-escalate tensions

 10 月 17 日

 #习近平#亲切会见#新中国成立 70 周年#庆祝活动筹办工作有关方面代表

 1：这次庆祝活动充分展示了新中国成立 70 年来的辉煌成就，有力彰显了国威军威，
极大振奋了民族精神，广泛激发了各方面力量。The celebrations had showcased China’s
glorious achievements over the past 70 years, demonstrated China’s national and military
strength, boosted the morale of the Chinese nation and generated momentum across the
board.

 2：活动能够取得圆满成功，根本在于党中央的坚强领导，在于全党全军全国各族人民
的 共 同 努 力 。 The success of the celebrations lies in the strong leadership of the CPC
Central Committee and the concerted efforts of the whole Party, the entire military and the
Chinese people of all ethnic groups.

 3：加强爱国主义教育 strengthen patriotic education

 #哪吒进入奥斯卡最佳动画初选#

 1：奥斯卡 2020 年最佳国际电影 the best international feature film category at the 2020
Oscars；

 2：3D 动画电影 3D animated film；

 3：票房赢家 box-office juggernaut；

 4：因为预言说他将毁灭世界，哪吒发现其他人都害怕和排斥自己。 Ne Zha finds

himself a feared outcast because of a divine prophecy that he will bring destruction to the
world.

 5：一夜成名 become an overnight inspiration；

 6：本土大片 home-grown blockbuster



 10 月 18 日

 习近平对脱贫攻坚工作作出重要指示

 1：#国家扶贫日# National Poverty Relief Day；

 当前，脱贫攻坚已到了决战决胜、全面收官的关键阶段。 The country’s battle against

poverty has reached a crucial stage of securing a decisive and complete victory.

 2：务必咬定目标 must stick to poverty relief goals；

 3 ： 一 鼓 作 气 ， 坚 决 攻 克 深 度 贫 困 堡 垒 make continuous efforts to tackle extreme

poverty；

 4：着力补齐贫困人口义务教育、基本医疗、住房和饮水安全短板 improve weak links in

compulsory education, basic medical care, housing and drinking water safety for the
impoverished population；

 5：确保农村贫困人口全部脱贫，同全国人民一道迈入小康社会 ensure that all rural

poor can be lifted out of poverty and step into a moderately prosperous society by next year

 10 月 21 日

 习近平向第六届世界互联网大会致贺信

 1 ： 互 联 网 迎 来 了 更 加 强 劲 的 发 展 动 能 和 更 加 广 阔 的 发 展 空 间 。 The Internet is
embracing a stronger development momentum and broader development space.

 2：全球治理 global governance；

 3：构建网络空间命运共同体 build a community with a shared future in cyberspace；

 4：发展好、运用好、治理好互联网 develop, use and govern the Internet well；

 5：顺应时代潮流 follow the trend of the times

 10 月 22 日
 #泰国王妃被剥夺全部头衔#

 1 ： 泰 国 国 王 宣 布 褫 夺 贵 妃 诗 尼 娜 所 有 王 室 头 衔 和 军 衔 。 The King of Thailand has

stripped his royal consort of Sineenat’s royal titles and military ranks.

 2：企图阻止王后的加冕仪式 attempt to obstruct the Queen from being crowned；

 3：试图与王后平起平坐的野心 her ambition in wanting to be equivalent with queen；

 4：她的行为被视为忘恩负义和对国王仁慈的无礼 Her actions are considered as disloyal,

ungrateful, and ungracious of His Majesty’s kindness.

 5：在皇室官员之间造成纷争和裂痕 cause division among the royal servants；

 6：在公众之间造成误会 lead to misunderstanding among the public；

 7：王室护卫队 royal bodyguard unit；

 8：少将 major general

 10 月 23 日

 屠呦呦获联合国教科文组织国际生命科学研究奖

 1：屠呦呦团队开展的抗疟科研工作具有卓越性，贡献不可估量。 The antimalarial

research work carried out by Tu Youyou’s team is groundbreaking, outstanding and
immeasurable.

 2：致力于寻找疟疾的治疗方案长达五十年 dedicate towards finding a cure for malaria for

more than five decades；

 3：中国已消灭疟疾。The epidemic has been eradicated in China.

 4：青蒿素抗药性 artemisinin resistance；

 5：虫媒传染病 insect-borne infectious disease；

 6：辅助药物 partner drug

 10 月 24 日
 #港珠澳大桥开通一周年#：2018 年 10 月 24 日正式通车运营

 1：港珠澳大桥 Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge；

 2：跨海大桥 cross-sea thoroughfare；

 3：通车 open to traffic；

 4：粤港澳大湾区 Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area；

 5：通关 pass through customs checkpoints；

 6：货车 cargo vehicle

 10 月 25 日

 中国驻英国大使馆：#尚无法确定 39 名遇难者是中国国籍#

 1：沉痛哀悼 deep grief and mourning；

 2：遇难者是否为中国国籍尚有待核实。 Further checking is needed to know whether

they are Chinese citizens.

 3：启动尸检 post-mortem examinations take place；

 4：调查事故原因 establish the chain of events that led to the tragic incident；

 5：货车货柜 truck container；

 6：犯罪团伙 organized crime groups

 10 月 27 日

 第十五届#北京-东京论坛#10 月 27 日闭幕：构建契合新时代要求的中日关系

 1：更加开放、基于规则的自由贸易体制 a more open and rule-based free trade system；

 2 ： 开 展 海 上 搜 救 和 反 恐 等 联 合 演 习 conduct joint exercises in fields such as

counterterrorism and maritime search and rescue；
 3：广泛交流 extensive exchanges；

 4：民意调查 public opinion polls

 10 月 28 日

 #习近平#向 2019 年#读懂中国#广州国际会议致贺信

 1 ： 经 济 全 球 化 遇 到 一 些 曲 折 困 难 ， 但 经 济 全 球 化 潮 流 不 可 逆 转 。 Economic
globalization is an irreversible trend despite some difficulties it has encountered. :2 ：中国
是经济全球化的受益者，更是贡献者，将坚定不移走和平发展道路，奉行互利共赢开
放战略，继续为开放型世界经济发展增添动力。As a contributor to and a beneficiary of
economic globalization, China will remain steadfast in pursuing the path of peaceful
development and an opening-up strategy of mutual benefit to continue adding impetus to
an open world economy.

 3：开放、包容、普惠、平衡、共赢 open, inclusive, balanced and beneficial to al

 10 月 29 日

 #英警方确认遇难者多为越南人# 已有 24 个越南家庭报案

 1：辨认受害者 identify the victims；

 2：目前已有 24 个越南家庭报案称家庭成员失踪。Up to 24 Vietnamese families have

since reported missing relatives.

 3：掩盖身份 obscure their identities；:

 4：过失杀人 manslaughter；

 5：串谋贩卖人口 conspiracy to traffic people；

 6：非法移民 unlawful immigration；

 7：洗钱 money laundering

 10 月 30 日

 #习近平#向#世界顶尖科学家论坛#致贺信

 1：科学技术是人类的伟大创造性活动，发展科学技术必须具有全球视野、把握时代脉
搏。Science and technology are great creative activities of mankind, and the development
of science and technology requires a global perspective and must stay up to date with the
times.

 2：科技前沿领域 frontier fields of science and technology；

 3：中国将以更加开放的态度加强国际科技交流，依托世界顶尖科学家论坛等平台，推
动 中 外 科 学 家 思 想 智 慧 和 研 究 成 果 转 化 为 经 济 社 会 发 展 的 强 大 动 力 。 China will
strengthen international sci-tech exchanges with a more open attitude, and help transform
the wisdom and research achievements of Chinese and foreign scientists into a powerful
momentum for economic and social development on the basis of platforms such as the
World Laureates Forum.

 #交通部规定地铁内禁食# 两类人除外 2020 年 4 月施行

 1：交通运输部发布新规，在全国范围内禁止乘客在列车内进食（婴儿、病人除外） 。
The Ministry of Transport introduced a new regulation that bars passengers nationwide,
with exceptions for infants and people with certain medical conditions, from eating or
drinking in subway cars.

 2：禁止乘客使用电子设备听音乐或看视频时外放声音，禁止卧躺或踩踏座席 forbid
subway riders from playing music or videos on speakers, lying down or stepping on seats；

 3：禁止不文明行为 deter uncivilized conduct；

 4：车厢 train cars；

 5：长途通勤 long commutes

 10 月 31 日

 #浙江拟规定小学生晚 9 点后不作业#：教育局称将减轻不合理负担

 1：减轻学习负担 academic burden reduction；

 2：课后培训机构 after-school training institutions

 3：应试教育 exam-oriented education；

 公布成绩和班级排名 make grades and class

 4：rankings public；

 5：入学率 enrollment rates；

 6：考试分数 test scores

 共享汽车 car-sharing；
 拼车 car pooling；
 叫车软件 car-hailing app
 顺风车 ride sharing/hitchhiking service；
 专车 tailored taxi service；
 快车 fast ride；
 出租车 taxi hailing；
 单车 bike sharing；
 代驾 chauffeuring；
 自驾租车 car rental

 11 月 10 日：
 扩大外资市场准入 expand market access for foreign investment；
 准入前国民待遇 pre-establishment national treatment

 11 月 10 日：
BEIJING, Nov. 10 (Xinhua) -- A signed article by Chinese President Xi Jinping titled "Let Wisdom of
Ancient Civilizations Shine Through the Future" was published Sunday on Greek newspaper
Kathimerini (The Daily) ahead of his state visit to the European country.

An English version of the full text of the article is as follows:

Let Wisdom of Ancient Civilizations Shine Through the Future

Xi Jinping

President of the People's Republic of China

It is my great pleasure to pay a state visit to the beautiful country of Greece at the invitation of
President Prokopis Pavlopoulos. In 2014, I made a stopover on Rhodes, and was deeply
impressed by the ancient and rich Greek civilization and the hard-working and talented Greek
people. It is with great respect for civilizations and high expectations for a bright future that I will
once again visit this beautiful country, something I very much look forward to.

Great civilizations have much in common to offer each other. More than 2,000 years ago, ancient
Chinese and Greek civilizations shone brightly in Asia and Europe. Greek's golden era produced
many of its great philosophers and literary giants. That coincided with a period in China when "a
hundred schools of thought contended with each other" and flourished together. Nikos
Kazantzakis, a giant of modern Greek literature who had visited China twice, commented that
"Confucius and Socrates were two masks that covered the same face of human logic."
Humanism, which traces its origin to the Sophists of ancient Greece, resonates with the
Confucian teaching that "people are the roots of a country." One can also find much similarity
between the lifestyle and philosophy of Diogenes and Zhuangzi, a leading Daoist philosopher
who lived around the 4th century BC in China.

Great civilizations understand each other better. As early as the 4th century BC, China was known
to the Greeks by a beautiful name: Sērikḗ. In the 16th century, Euclid's Elements was introduced
into China, paving the way for scientific exchanges between China and the West. The story of
Prometheus narrated by Aeschylus was an inspiration to many Chinese revolutionaries. The
Republic by Plato and Politics by Aristotle are also among those Greek classics that have long
made names for themselves in China.

Great civilizations always stand by each other. After the founding of the People's Republic of
China in 1949, Greek shipowners were among the first to break through the blockade and send
much-needed supplies and equipment to New China. When Greece was plagued by economic
and debt woes a decade ago, China provided wholehearted assistance to help our Greek friends
emerge from the hard time. When conflict and war raged in Libya in February 2011, hoteliers on
Crete, though in winter recess, provided accommodation to thousands of Chinese citizens
evacuated from Libya. For over sixty years, year in and year out, the Greece-China Association has
been committed to advancing the friendly exchanges between our two nations. The late Prof. Luo
Niansheng, a renowned Chinese scholar and translator, is remembered for his life long dedication
to the translation and research of Greek literature and for his important contribution to
furthering our friendship, a legacy carried on by his son and granddaughter.

Since we entered into diplomatic ties in 1972 and particularly since we established a
comprehensive strategic partnership in 2006, China and Greece have always treated each other
with respect and trust, and developed our relationship from a strategic, long-term perspective.
We have pursued mutually beneficial cooperation, achieved fruitful outcomes in trade,
investment and infrastructure cooperation, and worked together to turn Piraeus into the largest
port in the Mediterranean. We have learned from each other through cultural exchanges and
shown to the world the harmony of two great and celebrated civilizations. The growth of China-
Greece relations is testimony that ancient civilizations are capable of dynamic, mutually
beneficial cooperation in modern times.

China and Greece have both been through trials and tribulations in history. This nurtures in our
people a great resilience and a determination to strive forward. Today, China and Greece have
both reached a new stage of development, which presents a golden opportunity for expanding
our ties. During my visit, I hope to work with your leaders to map out a brighter future for our
relations.

We need to raise the strategic level of China-Greece relations in all respects, maintain the strong
momentum of engagement, continually enhance mutual understanding and trust, and render
further support for each other's core interests and major concerns. This will make us strategic
partners engaged in all-round cooperation.

We need to improve all areas of our practical cooperation with concrete efforts, broaden
cooperation areas and upscale our investment ties with the Port of Piraeus as a flagship project.
China is ready to import more quality agricultural products from Greece to provide our
consumers with more choices. We hope Greece will open its market wider to Chinese companies
and products. This will make our partnership one of mutual benefit.

We need to step up Belt and Road cooperation with down-to-earth efforts, make the most of the
location and shipping capacity of Greece, seize the opportunities brought by Greece's joining the
China-CEEC cooperation, actively advance practical projects under the China-Europe Land-Sea
Express Line, and contribute to the China-EU Connectivity Platform. This will make us front-
runners in China-Europe cooperation.

We need to strengthen our cultural exchanges and cooperation, ensure the continued success of
the Confucius Institute and China Cultural Center in Athens, and expand people-to-people
exchanges to draw further strength from our time-honored civilizations. This will make us a
model of dialogue between civilizations.

This year we celebrated the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China.
For 70 years, particularly since the start of reform and opening-up over four decades ago, the
over one billion Chinese people have worked hard and made phenomenal progress. Through its
own peaceful development, China is trying to answer the great question of our time: What
should the future of our world look like? The international landscape is undergoing profound and
complex transformation amid growing uncertainty and instability. China and Greece, each with a
strong sense of history and responsibility, can tap our civilizations for wisdom and build a new
type of international relations featuring mutual respect, equity, justice and mutually beneficial
cooperation. Together, we can usher in a community with a shared future for all mankind.

新华社北京 11 月 10 日电 11 月 10 日，在对希腊共和国进行国事访问之际，国家主席习近
平在希腊《每日报》发表题为《让古老文明的智慧照鉴未来》的署名文章。文章如下：

让古老文明的智慧照鉴未来

中华人民共和国主席　习近平
　　很高兴应帕夫洛普洛斯总统邀请，对美丽的希腊进行国事访问。 2014 年我曾过境罗德
岛，希腊古老厚重的文明、勤劳智慧的人民给我留下了深刻印象。我将怀着对文明的尊重
和对未来的期许，再次踏上希腊这个美丽的国度，我对此感到由衷的高兴。

　　伟大的古老文明都是相似的。2000 多年前，古代中国、古代希腊的文明之光就在亚欧
大陆两端交相辉映。古希腊哲学和文学泰斗辈出的黄金时代，恰恰也是中国“百家争鸣”
的思想迸发期。曾两次访问中国的希腊文学巨匠卡赞扎基斯有一句名言，“苏格拉底和孔
子是人类的两张面具，面具之下是同一张人类理性的面孔”。古希腊“智者学派”萌发的
人本主义思想同中国儒家坚持的“以民为本”理念有异曲同工之妙。第欧根尼同中国道家
代表人物庄子倡导类似的生活方式和生活理念。

　　伟大的古老文明都是相知的。公元前 4 世纪，古希腊人给遥远的中国起了一个美丽的
名字“丝之国”。16 世纪欧几里德的《几何原本》传入中国，成为中西科学交流的先导。
古希腊戏剧家埃斯库罗斯塑造的普罗米修斯形象曾经激发中国革命志士仁人的昂扬斗志。
柏拉图的《理想国》、亚里士多德的《政治学》也早就传入了中国。

　　伟大的古老文明更是相亲的。新中国成立后，是希腊船东率先冲破封锁，为中国送来
宝贵物资和设备。当希腊面对经济和债务问题时，中国全心全意帮助希腊朋友渡过难关 。
2011 年 2 月利比亚战火纷飞时，克里特岛的朋友们克服冬歇期的困难，重开酒店接待自利
比亚撤离的数千名中国公民。希腊中国友好协会 60 年如一日坚持“为两国人民的友好交往
工作到老”，中国翻译家罗念生一家三代致力于希腊文学、戏剧的翻译和研究，为增进两
国人民友谊作出了重要贡献。

　　1972 年中希建交，特别是 2006 年两国建立全面战略伙伴关系以来，双方坚持互尊互

信，从战略高度和长远角度坚定发展双边关系；坚持合作共赢，推动贸易投资、基础设施
建设等合作取得丰硕成果，将比雷埃夫斯港打造为地中海第一大港；坚持交流互鉴，向全
世界展示了伟大古老文明的和合之美。中希关系发展彰显了文明古国在现代社会互利合作
的勃勃生机。

　　中国和希腊都曾经历艰难困苦，但两国人民始终保持着自强不息的奋斗精神。当前，
两国都处在国家发展新的历史时期，双边关系面临新的历史机遇。我愿通过这次访问，同
希腊领导人一道，共同描绘中希关系发展的新蓝图。

　　我们要全面提升中希关系战略水平，保持密切交往势头，不断增进相互了解和信任，
继续支持彼此核心利益和重大关切，做全面合作的战略伙伴。

　　我们要扎实提升各领域务实合作水平，以比雷埃夫斯港口项目为龙头，不断拓宽合作
领域、扩大投资规模。中方愿进口更多希腊优质农产品，丰富中国消费者的选择，也希望
希腊市场对中国企业和产品继续敞开大门，做互利共赢的伙伴。

　　我们要加紧提升共建“一带一路”合作水平，充分利用希腊区位和海运能力优势，把
握希腊加入中国－中东欧国家合作机制的机遇，积极推进中欧陆海快线等务实合作，助力
中欧互联互通平台发展，做中欧合作的典范。
　　我们要促进文化交流合作，办好雅典孔子学院和雅典中国文化中心，持续扩大两国人
员交往，从两国悠久的文明中汲取源源不断的滋养，做文明对话的表率。

　　今年是中华人民共和国成立 70 周年。70 年来，特别是改革开放 40 多年来，亿万中国

人民不懈奋斗，取得了举世瞩目的发展成就。同时，中国也以自身的和平发展积极回应着
世界如何发展的时代命题。当前，国际形势正在发生深刻复杂变化，不稳定性不确定性增
多。中希应该挖掘古老文明的深邃智慧，展现文明古国的历史担当，共同推动构建相互尊
重、公平正义、合作共赢的新型国际关系，共同推动构建人类命运共同体。

 11 月 11 日：
 文化遗产保护合作 cooperation in cultural heritage protection

 1 为期两天的访问 a two-day visit

 2 构建新型大国关系 build a new model of big power relations
 3 深入探讨细节 dig into the detail
 4 联合开发页岩气 joint exploration for shale gas
 5 释放正能量 unleash the positive energy
 6 建立统一的养老保险制度 establish an integrated pension system
 7 有利于实现社会公平 conducive to realizing social equality
 8 消除主要障碍 eliminate major obstacles
 9 促进人口自由流动 facilitate the free flow of people
 10 联合军演 joint military drills
 11 难以想象的灾难 an unimaginable disaster
 12 朝韩关系 inter-Korean ties
 13 停止诽谤和中伤 the end of slander and calumny
 14 双边投资协定 bilateral investment treaty
 15 闭门磋商 closed-door negotiations
 16 减让时间表 the schedules of concessions
 17 “负面清单” a "negative list"
 18 准入前国民待遇 pre-establishment national treatment
 19 进入实质阶段 enter a substantive stage
 20 雷打不动的项目 an annual fixture
 21 减少繁文缛节，杜绝铺张浪费 cut extravagance and reduce red tape
 22 提倡节俭 promote frugality
 23 小品和相声 witty skits and crosstalk comedy
 24 高档娱乐会所 high-end recreational venues
 25 降低价位 downgrade to an acceptable level
 26 消除官员奢靡之风 curb officials' extravagance
 27 会所不正之风 unhealthy practices in clubs
 29 文化古迹 cultural relics
 30 群众路线活动 "mass-line" campaign

 1 分 36 秒破百亿元 sales hit 10 billion yuan in just 1 minute 36 seconds；

 众星云集的倒计时晚会 a star-studded countdown gala celebration；
 随着竞争加剧，阿里巴巴正在探索促进销售和留住用户的新策略。As competition
intensifies, Alibaba is searching for fresh ideas to drive sales and keep users hooked to its
sites.
 成交额 gross merchandise volume；
 购物盛宴 shopping bonanza；
 刺激购物需求 spur consumption demands；
 限量版产品 limited-edition products；
 犒劳自己的一天 a day to treat yourself；
 之所以叫“光棍节”是因为日期里四个 1 连写让人联想到“光棍”。 The festival’s
name originates from the calendar date 11/11, with the four ones referencing being single.

 开放型世界经济 open global economy；

 互利共赢的开放战略 a win-win strategy of opening-up；
 贸易投资自由化便利化政策 policies to advance trade and investment liberalization and
facilitation；
 放宽市场准入 broaden market access

 11 月 12 日：
 强化责任担当 a stronger sense of responsibility；
 “空天一体、攻防兼备”战略空军架构 a strategic air force that integrates aviation and
space power, and strike and defense capabilities；
 空降作战 airborne operations；
 战略投送 strategic projection
 常住人口 population of long-term residents/permanent residents population；
 户籍人口 household registered population；
 现有人口 current population；
 积分落户制 points-based household registration system；
 居住证 residence permit；
 流动人口 migrant population

 11 月 14 日：
 炒作假新闻 hyping fake news；
 通讯技术设备 communications technology equipment；
 侵入电脑系统并转移数据 hacking the computer system and transferring data;
 这种西方媒体捏造出来的“假新闻”，早已被非洲扔进“垃圾箱”。Such fake news
was made up by some Western media, and it has been tossed into the garbage by Africa.
 美方不应高估自己的造谣能力，也不要低估别人的判断能力。The United States should
not overestimate its ability to slander others and underestimate others' judgment.
 恶意造谣 malicious slander
 欧 盟委 员会 正式 批准 抗埃 博拉 病毒 疫苗 “ Ervebo” 上 市。 The European Commission
granted marketing authorization to Merck’s vaccine, known as Ervebo.
 这是一个历史性的里程碑，也是科学、创新和公私合作力量的证明。It is a historic
milestone and a testament to the power of science, innovation and public-private
 partnership.
 埃博拉疫苗 Ebola vaccine；
 临床试验 a clinical trial；
 监管机构 regulatory agency；
 传染病 infectious disease；
 体温 body temperature；
 血管 blood vessel；
 免疫系统 immune system
 战斗力 combat capability；
 听党指挥；obey the Party's command；
 新时代军事战略方针 the military strategic guideline for a new era
 政治生态 political ecology；
 战略布局 comprehensive strategy；
 全面从严治党 comprehensively strengthen Party discipline
 港澳企业家、收藏家何鸿燊将一尊马首铜像捐赠给国家文物局。 A bronze horse-head
statue was donated by Macao-based tycoon and collector Stanley Ho Hung-sun to the
National Cultural Heritage Administration.
 当时十二生肖兽首喷泉依每日对应时辰顺序喷水，唯中天午时十二喷泉同时喷涌 。
These animal-head taps took turns to spray water during different hours within a day, but a
salvo would happen only at noon.
 文化遗产 cultural relics；
 皇室园林 imperial resort；
 兽首雕像 animal-head statue；
 在浩劫中流到国外 taken abroad in the havoc；
 民族屈辱 national stigma

 11 月 15 日：携手努力共谱合作新篇章
 Together for a New Chapter in BRICS Cooperation

——在金砖国家领导人巴西利亚会晤公开会议上的讲话
（2019 年 11 月 14 日，巴西利亚）
中华人民共和国主席　习近平

Remarks by H.E. Xi Jinping

President of the People's Republic of China
At the Plenary Session of the BRICS Brasilia Summit
Brasilia, 14 November 2019

尊敬的博索纳罗总统，
尊敬的普京总统，
尊敬的莫迪总理，
尊敬的拉马福萨总统：
Your Excellency President Jair Bolsonaro,
Your Excellency President Vladimir Putin,
Your Excellency Prime Minister Narendra Modi,
Your Excellency President Cyril Ramaphosa,

很高兴同大家相聚在巴西利亚，首先我要感谢博索纳罗总统盛情邀请和热情周到安排。
It gives me great pleasure to join you in this meeting in Brasilia. Let me first thank President
Bolsonaro for the kind invitation and gracious hospitality.

这是我 10 年来第三次到访巴西。再次踏上这片充满活力的热土，巴西广袤的土地、丰富的
资源、热情的人民、巨大的潜力使我印象深刻。
This is my third visit to Brazil in ten years. Stepping once again on this land of vibrancy, I am
deeply impressed by its vastness and natural endowment, by the friendly people, and by the
great promise the country holds.

这次会晤是在世界经济发展和国际格局演变的关键时刻举行的。环顾全球，新科技革命和
产业变革方兴未艾，为各国实现跨越式发展提供更多机遇。新兴市场国家和发展中国家的
崛起势头不可逆转，为全球经济治理体系变革注入强劲动力。令人担忧的是，保护主义、
单边主义愈演愈烈，治理赤字、发展赤字、信任赤字有增无减，世界经济中不稳定不确定
因素明显上升。
We are meeting at a time when crucial developments are taking place in the world economy and
international landscape. A burgeoning round of technological revolution and industrial
transformation has created more opportunities for countries across the globe to achieve leapfrog
development. Meanwhile, the unstoppable rise of emerging markets and developing countries
has injected strong impetus to the reform of the global economic governance system.
Nevertheless, there are also causes for concern: rising protectionism and unilateralism; greater
deficit of governance, development and trust; and growing uncertainties and destabilizing factors
in the world economy.

面对百年未有之大变局，作为重要的新兴市场国家和发展中国家，我们应该顺应时代潮流
回应人民呼声，展现应有的责任担当，在追求发展道路上矢志不移，在团结合作历程中携
手奋进，为人民谋幸福，为世界谋发展。
Faced with profound changes rarely seen in a century, major emerging markets and developing
countries like us must grasp the trend of the times. We must respond to the call of our people,
and shoulder our responsibilities. We must remain true to our unwavering commitment to
development and strengthen solidarity and cooperation for the well-being of our people and for
the development of our world.

——营造和平稳定的安全环境。当今世界并不太平，地区安全局势持续紧张，热点问题层
出不穷，传统和非传统安全威胁相互交织，全球性挑战更加突出。
-- Let us work to foster a security environment of peace and stability. Our world has yet to
achieve full peace. As we speak, tensions continue in regional security situations; hotspot issues
keep emerging; traditional and non-traditional security threats are interwoven. Challenges of a
global nature are becoming more prominent.

我们应该以维护世界和平、促进共同发展为目标，以维护公平正义、推动互利共赢为宗旨
以国际法和公认的国际关系基本准则为基础，倡导并践行多边主义。要维护联合国宪章宗
旨和原则，维护以联合国为核心的国际体系，反对霸权主义和强权政治，建设性参与地缘
政治热点问题解决进程。要通过金砖国家外长会晤、安全事务高级代表会议以及反恐工作
组、网络安全工作组、常驻多边机构代表定期磋商等机制，密切战略沟通和协作，发出金
砖共同声音，推动国际秩序朝着更加公正合理的方向发展。
We need to take it as our aim to safeguard peace and development for all; we need to uphold
fairness and justice and promote win-win results; we need to base our efforts on international
law and widely recognized norms of international relations; we need to champion and put into
practice multilateralism. It is important that we uphold the purposes and principles of the UN
Charter and the UN-centered international system, oppose hegemonism and power politics, and
take a constructive part in settling geopolitical flash points. We can use BRICS mechanisms,
including the meetings of our ministers of foreign affairs/international relations and high
representatives for security issues, the working groups on counter-terrorism and cybersecurity,
and the regular meetings among our permanent representatives to multilateral institutions, to
maintain close strategic communication and coordination and speak in one voice for a more just
and equitable international order.

——谋求开放创新的发展前景。发展才是硬道理。当今时代的许多问题，追根溯源都是发
展不平衡不充分造成的。我们应该把握改革创新的时代机遇，深入推进金砖国家新工业革
命伙伴关系，在贸易和投资、数字经济、互联互通等领域不断打造合作成果，助力五国经
济发展，努力实现高质量发展。
-- Let us pursue greater development prospects through openness and innovation. Development
is what really matters to all. Many of the world's problems are rooted in unbalanced and
inadequate development. We must therefore seize the opportunities that come with reform and
innovation. We need to deepen the BRICS Partnership on New Industrial Revolution, and strive
for more productive cooperation in such fields as trade and investment, digital economy, and
connectivity. These efforts will surely lend impetus to economic growth and high-quality
development in our five countries.

当前，经济全球化遭遇挫折，一定程度反映出现行全球治理体系的缺陷。金砖国家应该发
挥负责任大国作用，积极倡导共商共建共享的全球治理观，推动全球经济治理体系变革。
要坚决反对保护主义，维护以世界贸易组织为核心的多边贸易体制，提升新兴市场国家和
发展中国家在国际事务中的发言权和影响力。要推动将发展问题置于全球宏观政策框架核
心位置，坚定落实联合国 2030 年可持续发展议程和应对气候变化《巴黎协定》，实现经济、
社会、环境各领域协同发展。
At present, economic globalization is encountering setbacks, which reveal, to a certain degree,
the flaws existing in the global governance system. We the BRICS countries need to play our role
as responsible major countries. We need to advocate extensive consultation, joint contribution
and shared benefits in global governance, and push for reform of the global economic
governance system. We need to stand firm against protectionism, uphold the WTO-centered
multilateral trading system, and increase the voice and influence of emerging markets and
developing countries in international affairs. We need to prioritize development in the global
macro policy framework, follow through the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and
the Paris Agreement on climate change, and promote coordinated progress in the economic,
social and environmental spheres.

——促进互学互鉴的人文交流。人类社会发展史是一部多元文明共生并进的历史。不同国
家、地区、民族，不同历史、宗教、习俗，彼此交相辉映、相因相生，共同擘画出这个精
彩纷呈的世界。
-- Let us promote mutual learning through people-to-people exchanges. Human history is one of
civilizations living and prospering together in diversity. Countries, regions and ethnic groups with
varied histories, religions and customs have offered inspirations to each other and together
contributed to a diverse and colorful world.

金砖国家为世界文明交流提供了最佳实践。近年来，五国人文交流如火如荼，电影节、运
动会、合拍电影和纪录片等老百姓喜闻乐见的活动逐渐铺开，正在五国间架起一座坚实的
民心之桥。我们应该保持势头，再接再厉，不断拓展人文交流广度和深度。在这个基础上
我们要以“金砖+”合作为平台，加强同不同文明、不同国家的交流对话，让金砖的朋友圈
越来越大，伙伴网越来越广。
We the BRICS countries have many best practices to offer when it comes to cultural interactions.
Over recent years, we have carried out flourishing cultural exchanges. Film festivals, sports games
as well as film and documentary co-production have rolled in to the delight of our people, thus
creating a bridge for our people to be brought still closer together. We need to sustain and build
up this momentum to take our people-to-people exchanges to greater breadth and depth. On
that basis, we can leverage "BRICS Plus" cooperation as a platform to increase dialogue with
other countries and civilizations and win BRICS more friends and partners.

各位同事！
Dear Colleagues,

今年是中华人民共和国成立 70 周年。70 年来，在中国共产党领导下，中国人民自力更生、

艰苦奋斗，在实践中开辟出中国特色社会主义道路，踏上了中华民族伟大复兴的时代征程。
This year marks the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China. Over the
past seven decades, working under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the resilient
and assiduous Chinese people have blazed a trail of socialism with Chinese characteristics and
embarked on an epic journey toward national rejuvenation.

中国将坚持扩大对外开放，增加商品和服务进口，扩大外资市场准入，加强知识产权保护
形成全方位、多层次、宽领域的全面开放新格局。
Going forward, China will open up still wider. We will import more goods and services, ease
market access for foreign investments, and step up intellectual property protection. With these
efforts, we will break new ground in pursuing all-dimensional, multi-tiered and all-sectoral
opening-up in China.

中国将遵循共商共建共享原则，秉持开放绿色廉洁理念，追求高质量、惠民生、可持续目
标，与各国一道，推进高质量共建“一带一路”。
China will continue to act in the principle of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared
benefits, and pursue open, green, and clean cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative. We
will continue to follow a high-standard, people-centered, and sustainable approach to promote
high-quality Belt and Road cooperation with partner countries.

中国将继续奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，始终不渝走和平发展道路，在和平共处五项原
则基础上发展同各国友好合作关系。我们致力于落实中非合作论坛成果，共筑更加紧密的
中非命运共同体。我们致力于在政治、经贸、人文、国际和地区事务等领域加强同拉美地
区合作，努力构建携手共进的中拉命运共同体。我们将着眼未来，深化亚太伙伴关系，致
力于构建开放包容、创新增长、互联互通、合作共赢的亚太命运共同体。总之，我们愿同
国际社会一道努力，朝着构建新型国际关系、构建人类命运共同体的目标不断迈进！
China will stay committed to an independent foreign policy of peace and to the path of peaceful
development. We will continue to enhance friendship and cooperation with all other countries
on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. To be more specific, China will deliver
the follow-ups to the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) and work with Africa for an
even stronger China-Africa community with a shared future; China will pursue closer cooperation
with Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) in political, economic, trade, cultural, and regional
and international affairs and build a China-LAC community with a shared future and common
progress; and China will take a long-term perspective, deepen the Asia-Pacific partnership, and
work for an Asia-Pacific community with a shared future of openness and inclusiveness,
innovation-driven growth, greater connectivity, and mutually beneficial cooperation. All in all,
China will work with the rest of the international community toward the goal of building a new
type of international relationship and of building a community with a shared future for mankind.

各位同事！
Colleagues,
历史可鉴，未来可期。让我们在打造第二个“金色十年”征程中，携手努力、砥砺前行，
共同谱写金砖合作、南南合作、世界各国互利合作的新篇章！
A review of historic achievements gives ample room of expectation for the future. As we enter
the second "Golden Decade" of BRICS cooperation, let us work in concert and with continued
efforts to write a new chapter in not only BRICS cooperation but also South-South cooperation
and the mutually beneficial cooperation of countries around the world.

谢谢大家。
Thank you.

 11 月 15 日：
 友好互信互利共赢的典范 an example of friendship, mutual trust, mutual benefits and
win-win results；
 开放务实促进中欧合作的典范 an example that promotes China-Europe cooperation in an
open and practical manner；
 文化交流文明互鉴的典范 an example of cultural exchanges and mutual learning among
civilizations；
 协 调 配 合 维 护 多 边 主 义 的 典 范 an example of coordination and cooperation in
safeguarding multilateralism
 正当防卫 justifiable defense；
 紧急避险 emergency measures‘；
 公共秩序 public order；
 社会治安 social security
 中国制药企业 China-based drugmaker；
 加速批准 accelerated approval；
 罕见病 rare diseases；
 临床试验 clinical trials；
 新药 novel drugs

 11 月 16 日：
 进入实质阶段 enter a substantive stage；
 雷打不动的项目 an annual fixture；
 减少繁文缛节，杜绝铺张浪费 cut extravagance and reduce red tape;
 提倡节俭 promote frugality;
 小品和相声 witty skits and crosstalk comedy;
 高档娱乐会所 high-end recreational venues;
 降低价位 downgrade to an acceptable level;
 消除官员奢靡之风 curb officials' extravagance;
 会所不正之风 unhealthy practices in clubs;
 文化古迹 cultural relics;
 群众路线活动"mass-line" campaign;
 严重污染时学校停课 suspend classes on heavily polluted days;
 应急预案 emergency response plan;
 四级污染预警系统 a four-tier color alert system;
 停产 halt production;
 暂停建筑工地作业 construction sites to be closed temporarily;
 南水北调中线工程 the middle route of the south-to-north water diversion project;
 最大的基础设施工程之一 one of the country's largest infrastructure schemes;
 干旱地区 drought prone areas;
 试运行 trial operations;
 进入关键阶段 enter a key phase

 11 月 17 日：
 广义货币 broad measure of money supply (M2)；
 货币流通量 cash in circulation；
 定期存款 fixed deposits;
 外汇储备 foreign exchange reserves;
 新增人民币贷款 new yuan-denominated lending;
 同比下降 a year-on-year decrease;
 社会融资 social financing;
 狭义货币 narrow measure of money supply (M1);
 无座火车票 seatless train tickets;
 黄牛党 scalpers;
 高速公路收费 charging tolls on highways;
 团聚 reunite with family members

 11 月 18 日：
 金砖国家新工业革命伙伴关系 BRICS partnership on new industrial revolution；
 新一轮科技革命和产业变革
 a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation
 壮士断腕 cut off one's own snake-bitten wrist to save his life;
 把反腐败斗争进行到底 fight against corruption until the end;
 公私分明 divide public and personal matters clearly;
 密报 a tip-off;
 缴获百余万张假火车票及假发票 seize more than one million fake train tickets and fake
invoices;
 “抢票”软件 "ticket snatching" plugins;
 网络倒票 online scalping;
 严厉打击 a complete crackdown;
 严厉打击暴力恐怖破坏活动 act tough on violent terrorist attacks;
 维护国家安全 safeguard national security

 11 月 19 日：
 中国特色社会主义法治道路 the path of socialist rule of law with Chinese
characteristics；
 中国特色社会主义法治体系
 the system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics；
 全面依法治国 law-based governance in all fields
 创新社会治理方式 be innovative in social governance；
 户籍制度改革 reform the management of household registration；
 用电不慎 careless use of electricity；
 消防栓被冻 fire hydrants have frozen；
 未与输水管相连 no connection to water pipes；
 “重中之重”a "priority of priorities"；
 检查消防措施漏洞 inspect loopholes in fire control measures；
 证监会 The China Securities Regulatory Commission；
 发行人和主承销商 issuers and major underwriters；
 路演 road shows
 中国特色社会主义法治道路 the path of socialist rule of law with Chinese
characteristics；
 中 国 特 色 社 会 主 义 法 治 体 系 the system of socialist rule of law with Chinese
characteristics；
 全面依法治国 law-based governance in all fields
 创新社会治理方式 be innovative in social governance；
 户籍制度改革 reform the management of household registration；
 用电不慎 careless use of electricity；
 消防栓被冻 fire hydrants have frozen；
 未与输水管相连 no connection to water pipes；
 “重中之重”a "priority of priorities"；
 检查消防措施漏洞 inspect loopholes in fire control measures；
 证监会 The China Securities Regulatory Commission；
 发行人和主承销商 issuers and major underwriters；
 路演 road shows

 我 国 将 在 2020 年 前 后 完 成 空 间 站 建 造 并 开 始 运 营 。 China plans to complete the

construction of a space station and have it put into operation around 202
 .规模为 100 吨 designed to weigh 100 tons；
 可载 3 人 accommodate three astronauts；
 独立掌握近地空间长期载人飞行技术 independently master the technology for long-term
manned flight in near-Earth space；
 长期开展近地空间有人参与科学实验 carry out long-term manned scientific experiments
in near-Earth space

 11 月 20 日：
 世界反兴奋剂组织 World Anti-Doping Agency （WADA）；
 禁赛 match ban；
 药检 doping test；
 公平竞争 fair play
 网上申购 online subscription；
 发布投资风险特别公告 publish timely investment risk reports；
 进行抽查 carry out spot checks；
 危害国家安全 endanger national security；
 打压犯罪行为 wage a war against crimes；
 维稳 safeguard stability；
 利用宗教影响力 make use of religious influence

 11 月 21 日：
 问题导向 a problem-oriented approach；
 美丽宜居乡村 a countryside that is beautiful and pleasant to live in；
 厕所革命 toilet revolution；
 城乡发展一体化 urban-rural integration
 献血 blood donation；
 输血 blood transfusion；
 血型 blood type；
 无偿献血 non-remunerated blood donation

 11 月 22 日：
 新兴市场国家 emerging markets；
 开放型世界经济 an open world economy；
 贸易和投资自由化 trade and investment liberalization
 以世界贸易组织为核心的多边贸易体制 the WTO-centered multilateral trading system；
 制度性安排 institutional arrangements；
 合作共享平台 cooperation and sharing platforms
 移动终端 mobile Internet；
 购买力 spending/purchasing power;
 网上支付平台 online payment platform;
 购物狂欢节 shopping gala
 人口老龄化 population aging；
 高龄津贴 old age allowance；
 社区养老服务 community-based elderly care；
 老有所养 care for the elderly
 违反《中华人民共和国治安管理处罚法》break the Public Security Administration Punishment Law；
 英国驻香港总领馆前雇员 a former employee at the British Consulate General in Hong Kong；
 郑文杰因嫖娼被深圳警方处以行政拘留 15 日。Simon Cheng Man-kit was detained for 15 days by police
in Shenzhen for soliciting prostitutes.
 他最近在接受 BBC 采访时声称在拘留期间遭受酷刑。He told the BBC in a recent interview that he was
tortured in police custody.
 他的合法权益得到保障。His lawful rights and interests were guaranteed.
 对所有罪行供认不讳 confess to all his offenses；
 为自己的行为感到羞耻 feel disgraced and ashamed of his behavior
 人口老龄化 population aging；
 高龄津贴 old age allowance；
 社区养老服务 community-based elderly care；
 老有所养 care for the elderly
 11 月 23 日：
 尊重彼此核心利益和重大关切 respect each other's core interests and major concerns；
 保持经常性对话 maintain regular dialogues；
 重新启动医疗改革 reboot healthcare overhaul；
 政治支持率受挫 political approval rating has taken a beating；
 长期有争议的问题 long-time controversial issue

 11 月 24 日：
 推动产业向价值链中高端跃进 move upward in the industrial value chain；
 培育竞争新优势 foster a new competitive edge；
 营造公平环境 create an environment that promotes fair play；
 放手让市场“说话” let the market speak

11 月 25 日:
 老龄化社会 aging society;
 保护老年人合法权益 protect the lawful rights and interests of senior citizens;
 全国人口普查 national census
 深度贫困地区 areas in deep poverty;
 消除绝对贫困 eradicate absolute poverty
 教育公平 education equality;
 素质教育 all-round education;
 缩小城乡教育差距 narrow the gap between urban and rural schools

11 月 26 日:
 传播手段 means of communication;
 新闻舆论传播力、引导力、影响力、公信力 the penetration, guidance, influence, and credibility of the
media;
 网络综合治理体系 a system for integrated internet management;
 清朗的网络空间 a clean cyberspace
 媒体融合 integrated media;
 拓展新闻传播广度; expand the breadth of news transmission;
 提高新闻生产效率 increase the efficiency of news production
 被保安强行驱赶 being violently frog-marched by security guards；
 被主管强迫辞职 forced by his supervisor to resign；
 迟迟不给予他应得的赔偿 withhold severance compensation to which he was legally entitled;
 绩效考核结果为 D D-level performance rating；
 被诊断为扩张型心肌病 diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy；
 游戏策划 game planner
 校园安全 campus safety;
 校园霸凌 school bullying;
 纪律处分 disciplinary punishment
 载人航天工程 manned space program;
 载人空间站 manned space station;
 自主快速交会对接 autonomous fast docking;
 长期自主飞行能力 capability of long-term autonomous flight

11 月 27 日:
 人文渊源深厚 deep historical and cultural connections;
 百年未有之大变局 profound changes unseen in a century;
 把握大势、顺应潮流 grasp and conform to the trend of the times
 中日关系 China-Japan relations;
 人文交流 people-to-people and cultural exchanges;
 夯实民意基础 consolidate the foundation of public opinion
 探月工程 lunar exploration program;
 月球背面 the far side of the Moon;
 太阳辐射 solar radiation;
 重型运载火箭 heavy-lift carrier rocket;
 在轨测试 in-orbit test;
 公转周期 period of revolution;
 自转周期 rotation period

11 月 29 日：
 干涉中国内政 interfere in China’s internal affairs；
 表示极大愤慨和坚决反对 express strong indignation and firm opposition；
 中方将采取有力措施予以坚决反制，一切后果必须由美方完全承担。 The U.S. side must bear all the
consequences resulting from China's resolute countermeasures.
 美方罔顾事实、颠倒黑白，公然为疯狂打砸烧、残害无辜市民、践踏法治、危害社会秩序的暴力犯
罪分子撑腰打气，性质极其恶劣，用心十分险恶。 The intention of the U.S. is very vicious, bolstering
violent criminals who smashed facilities, attacked innocent residents and trampled on the rule of law and
social order.
 不要低估中国维护国家主权、安全、发展利益的能力和手段 They should not underestimate China's
capability and means to defend its national sovereignty, security and development interests.
 药品采购政策 pharmaceutical procurement policies;
 药品集中采购 pooled procurement of medicines;
 医药分开 separate medical treatment and drug sales;
 仿制药 generic medicines;
 药品加成 medicine markups;
 药品流通 medicine distribution
 要素市场化配置 market-based allocation of factors of production；
 市场化定价 market-oriented pricing
 知识产权使用费 intellectual property royalties；
 专利侵权 patent infringement；
 版权保护 copyright protection

12 月 1 日：
 参赛嘉宾 guest contestant；
 中国年轻观众的偶像 a nationwide sensation with young Chinese viewers
 国家医保药品目录 the catalog of medicines covered by national medical insurance system；
 基本医疗保险 basic medical insurance；
 工伤保险 work-related injury insurance；
 生育保险 maternity insurance；
 西药 Western medicine；
 中成药 Chinese patent medicine；
 中药饮片 prepared ready-for-use traditional Chinese medicine

12 月 2 日:
 获得感、幸福感、安全感 sense of fulfillment, happiness and security;
 以人民为中心的发展思想 the people-centered philosophy of development
 长江三角洲区域一体化发展 integrated development of Yangtze River Delta
 自然环境 natural environment;
 社会环境 social environment;
 环境破坏 environmental destruction;
 生态系统 ecosystem
 信息安全 information security;
 防沉迷系统 anti-addiction system;
 信息收集 information collection;
 信息泄露 information leak;
 隐私政策 privacy policy
 携号转网 mobile number portability
 啃老族 NEET (Not in Employment, Education or Training);
 换工作, 跳槽 job hopping

12 月 3 日：
 长江三角洲区域一体化发展规划纲要 an outline of the integrated regional development of the Yangtze
River Delta
 构建高质量发展的区域城市群 build a regional cluster of high-quality development
 我国经济发展最活跃、开放程度最高、创新能力最强的区域之一 one of China's most economically
active, open and innovative regions
 长三角在国家现代化建设大局和全方位开放格局中具有举足轻重的战略地位。 The Yangtze River
Delta boasts strategic significance in China's modernization and further opening up.
 建设协同创新产业体系 establish a coordinated innovative industrial system
 提升基础设施互联互通水平 enhance connectivity of infrastructure

12 月 3 日：
 在内地就业、居住和就读的港澳台居民 Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan residents who work, study or
live on the Chinese mainland
 可参加社保 eligible for the national social insurance
 社会保险暂行办法 interim measures for social insurance
 与内地居民享有同等权利 be granted the same rights as their mainland counterparts
 职工基本养老保险 basic old-age insurance for employees
 基本医疗保险 basic medical insurance
 工伤保险 work injury insurance
 失业保险 unemployment insurance
 生育保险 maternity insurance
 缴纳社保金 pay social insurance contributions

12 月 3 日：
 2019 年度十大网络用语：
 1、不忘初心 remain true to the original aspiration
 2、道路千万条，安全第一条 On countless roads ahead, safety comes first.
 3、柠檬精 green with envy
 4、好嗨哟 be so high/get really high
 5、是个狼人 someone is a badass/crackerjack
 6、雨女无瓜 none of your business
 7、硬核 hardcore  
 8、996  the 996 work schedule  
 9、14 亿护旗手 1.4 billion guardians of the national flag
 10、断舍离 simplifying life

12 月 3 日：
 防范化解风险 prevent and defuse risks
 风险评估 risk assessment
 应急救援队伍 emergency rescue teams

12 月 4 日：
 削减贸易壁垒 bring down trade barriers
 降低关税和制度性成本 lower tariffs and institutional transaction costs
 贸易和投资自由化便利化 trade and investment liberalization and facilitation

12 月 4 日：
 双边贸易和双向投资 two-way trade and investment
 国 际 国 内 要 素 有 序 自 由 流 动 a free yet orderly flow of both international and domestic factors of
production
 资源高效配置 the efficient allocation of resources
 市场深度融合 deepen integration of markets

12 月 4 日：
 新能源汽车（new energy vehicles，NEVs）
 智能网联汽车（intelligent connected vehicles，ICVs）

12 月 5 日:
 全面依法治国 law-based governance in all fields
 以宪法为核心的中国特色社会主义法律体系 the Chinese socialist system of laws with the Constitution at
the core
 12 月 5 日:
 依法治国 law-based governance
 依宪治国 constitution-based governance
 宪法监督 constitutional oversight
 把实施宪法提高到新水平 elevate constitutional enforcement to a new level

12 月 5 日:
 表示强烈愤慨、坚决反对 express strong indignation and firm opposition
 诋毁中国新疆的人权状况 smear the human rights situation in Xinjiang
 去极端化和打击恐怖主义 crack down on extremism and terrorism
 干涉中国内政 interfere in China's internal affairs
 涉疆问题根本不是人权、民族、宗教问题，而是反暴恐和反分裂问题。What Xinjiang faces is not
about ethnicity, religion or human rights. Rather, it is about fighting violence, terrorism and separatism

12 月 5 日:
 被争吵、分歧和谩骂所困扰 be dogged by squabbles, differences and the hurling of insults
 成 员 国 之间 的 紧 张关 系会 给 纪 念 北 约成 立 70 周 年的 峰 会 蒙上 阴影 。 Tensions between members
threatened to overshadow a summit marking the military alliance's 70th birthday.
 日益严峻的网络攻击和太空安全威胁 growing threat of cyberattacks and security in space
 与中国为敌 make an enemy out of Beijing；北大西洋公约组织(北约) North Atlantic Treaty Organization
(NATO)

12 月 5 日:
 中国英语能力等级量表 China's Standards of English Language Ability（CSE）
 语言理解能力 language comprehension
 全国英语等级考试 Public English Test System, PETS
 大学英语考试 College English Test, CET
 英语专业考试 Test for English Majors, TEM
 商务英语证书 Business English Certificate

12 月 6 日:
 八项规定 eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct
 反腐倡廉 fight corruption and build a clean government
 从严治党 strict governance over the Party
 开除党籍 be expelled from the CPC; be stripped of CPC membership

12 月 6 日:
 成文法 written law
 不成文法 unwritten law
 习惯法 customary law
 永久法 permanent law
 时限法 limited-time law
 12 月 6 日:
 冬季奥运会 Winter Olympics
 奥运会吉祥物  Olympic mascots
 奥运会会歌，《奥林匹克圣歌》 Olympic Hymn/Anthem
 奥林匹克精神 the Olympic spirit
 主办城市 host city

12 月 7 日：
 逐步提高退休年龄 progressively raise the retirement age
 提前退休 retirement in advance
 退休返聘 rehiring someone after retirement
 符合中国劳动力市场实际 in line with China's labor market realities
 延迟退休必须提上议事日程 raising the retirement age must go on the government agenda

12 月 8 日：
 “两个一百年”奋斗目标

中共十八大描绘了全面建成小康社会、加快推进社会主义现代化的宏伟蓝图，发出了向“两个一百
年”奋斗目标前进的时代号召。该奋斗目标是，到 2021 年中国共产党成立一百年时全面建成小康社
会，国内生产总值和城乡居民人均收入比 2010 年翻一番；到 2049 年中华人民共和国成立一百年时
建成富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家，达到中等发达国家水平。这一目标，既是中华民族
的宏伟目标，也把每个人、每个家庭、各方面群众的愿望和利益结合起来。这一奋斗目标将中国梦
的蓝图和光明前景具体化，成为实现中国梦的基础。实现这一目标，对中国这样一个拥有 13 亿多人
口、发展还不平衡的国家来说并非易事，必须坚持以经济建设为中心，需要继续长期艰苦奋斗。

The Two Centennial Goals

The Two Centennial Goals were proposed at the 18th National Congress of the CPC, which unveiled a
roadmap for completing the building of a moderately prosperous society and accelerating socialist
modernization.

Specifically, the first goal calls for completing the building of a moderately prosperous society, and doubling
China's 2010 GDP and per capita income, by the time the CPC celebrates its centenary in 2021, and the
second goal calls for building China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic,
culturally advanced, and harmonious, and reaches the level of moderately developed countries, by the time
the People's Republic celebrates its centenary in 2049.

Ambitious on a national level, these goals also reflect the wishes and expectations of individuals, families
and communities. They embody the grand vision and ideals the Chinese Dream represents, and their
realization paves the way for making the Chinese Dream a reality. It is however a tall order to achieve these
goals for a country like China with a population of more than 1.3 billion and uneven levels of development
across regions. Sustained long-term efforts are needed, with an unswerving focus on economic development.

12 月 9 日:
 新发展理念 new development philosophy
 更高起点的深化改革和更高层次的对外开放 higher standards for reform and opening-up
 中国改革开放空间布局 the overall layout of China’s reform and opening-up

12 月 9 日:
 碳排放交易 carbon emission trading
 碳足迹 carbon footprint
 温室气体减排 reduce greenhouse gas emissions

12 月 9 日:
 总体国家安全观

2014 年 4 月，习近平在主持召开中央国家安全委员会第一次会议时强调，坚持总体国家安全观，以
人民安全为宗旨，以政治安全为根本，以经济安全为基础，以军事、文化、社会安全为保障，以促
进国际安全为依托，走出一条中国特色国家安全道路。

贯彻落实总体国家安全观，必须既重视外部安全，又重视内部安全，对内求发展、求变革、求稳定 、
建设平安中国，对外求和平、求合作、求共赢、建设和谐世界；既重视国土安全，又重视国民安全 ，
坚持以民为本、以人为本，坚持国家安全一切为了人民、一切依靠人民，真正夯实国家安全的群众
基础；既重视传统安全，又重视非传统安全，构建集政治安全、国土安全、军事安全、经济安全、
文化安全、社会安全、科技安全、信息安全、生态安全、资源安全、核安全等于一体的国家安全体
系；既重视发展问题，又重视安全问题，发展是安全的基础，安全是发展的条件，富国才能强兵，
强兵才能卫国；既重视自身安全，又重视共同安全，打造命运共同体，推动各方朝着互利互惠、共
同安全的目标相向而行。

A holistic view of national security

In April 2014, while presiding over the first meeting of the National Security Commission of the CPC
Central Committee, Xi Jinping emphasized the need to take a holistic view of national security. Through
such an approach, a full spectrum of security issues are assessed, ranging from human security, which is the
ultimate concern, political security, which is of overarching importance, and economic security, which
underpins all other considerations, to military, cultural and social perspectives, which reinforce efforts in
other areas, and the promotion of international security, which provides support for measures taken in a
national context. Along this line of thinking we are setting out to build a national security system with
Chinese characteristics.

Such a holistic approach calls for a focus on both internal and external security. Internally, it is essential to
promote development, continue reform, maintain stability, and create a safe environment. Externally, we
should promote international peace, seek cooperation and mutual benefit, and strive to bring harmony to the
world. Homeland security and the security of our citizens are both of paramount importance. All initiatives
taken in this respect will be people-centered, and implemented for the people, on the basis of the people’s
needs, and with the support of the people. Security issues, both traditional and non-traditional, will be taken
into account. The national security system we envisage will integrate not only political security and
homeland security, but also security-related military, economic, cultural, and social concerns, science and
 technology, and information, ecological, resource, and nuclear security. Development issues will be
considered in tandem with security issues. Development provides a basis for security, whereas security
constitutes a necessary condition for development. Only a prosperous country can build a strong military, and
only a strong military can defend our country. Our national security must also be viewed in the context of
international security. For the sake of our international community with a shared future, we should all work
towards our goal of satisfying the world’s security needs in a way that is beneficial to all.

12 月 9 日:
 简体字 simplified Chinese characters
 繁体字 traditional Chinese characters
 普通话 Mandarin Chinese
 中国书法 Chinese calligraphy

12 月 9 日:
 甲骨文 oracle bone script
 金文 Chinese Bronze Inscriptions
 楷书 regular script
 草书 cursive writing style
 行书 running hand

12 月 9 日:
 身陷行贿指控 be dogged by bribery allegations
 伪造帐簿和记录 falsify books and records
 未能实施合理的内部会计控制 fail to implement reasonable internal accounting controls
 认罪 plead guilt
 交付 12 亿美金达成贿赂案和解 pay US$1.2 billion to resolve a bribery case
 瑞典电信巨头 Swedish telecommunication giant

 We laughed and kept saying"see you soon",but inside we both knew we'd never see each other again.
我们笑着说再见，却深知再见即永别。

 Life isn't like in the movies. Life is much harder.

生活不是电影，生活比电影更苦。

 A real woman can do everything on her own; but a real man won't let her.
有能力的女人，什么都能自己来；但有能力的男人，不会让她这么做。

 I don't understand the God who'd let us meet if we could never be together.
我不理解为什么上帝安排我们相识，却不能让我们相守。

 Love can only be encountered, never envisioned.

爱只能遇见，不能预见。

 When you're with me, you're with me .

 跟我在一起时，你的心里只能有我。

 The closer you look, the less you see.

越往近看，看到的越少。

 You can't say, there are things worth trying.

世事不能说死，有些事情总值得尝试。

 Never give up, always have hope in front of waiting.

永不轻言放弃，前方总有希望在等待。

 A day is a miniature of eternity.

一日是一生的缩影。

 Without you, who would I admire all the beautiful things with.
没有你，良辰美景又能与何人述说。

 You have to believe in yourself. That's the secret of success.

人必须相信自己，这是成功的秘诀。

 Never underestimate your power to change yourself!

永远不要低估你改变自我的能力！

 A man is not old as long as he is seeking something.

只要一个人还有追求，他就没有老。

 A man is not old until regrets take the place of dreams.

直到后悔取代了梦想，一个人才算老。

 A man can fail many times, but he isn't a failure until he begins to blame somebody else.
一个人可以失败很多次，但是只要他没有开始责怪旁人，他还不是一个失败者。

 Do not , for one repulse , give up the purpose that you resolved to effect .
不要只因一次失败，就放弃你原来决心想达到的目的。

 Try not to become a man of success but rather try to become a man of value.
不要为成功而努力，要为做一个有价值的人而努力。

 Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.
成功的秘诀就是四个简单的字：多一点点。

 The secret of success is constancy to purpose.

成功的秘密在于始终如一地忠于目标
 One needs 3 things to be truly happy living in the world: some thing to do, some one to love, some thing to
hope for.
在这个世界我们只需拥有三件事便可真正快乐：有自己向往的事业；有自己爱的人；还有希望。

 You cannot improve your past, but you can improve your future.
你不能改变你的过去，但你可以让你的未来变得更美好。

 Once time is wasted, life is wasted.

一旦时间浪费了，生命就浪费了。

12 月 10 日:
 家庭联产承包责任制 household contract responsibility system
 土地经营权 right of land management
 农地流转 rural land transfer

12 月 10 日:
 承包地“三权”分置制度 the system for separating the ownership rights, contract rights, and
management rights for contracted rural land
 农村集体产权制度改革 reform of the rural collective property rights system

12 月 10 日:
 打破窠臼 break the mold
 接手掌管国家 take the reins of the country
 世界上最年轻的现任政府首脑 the world’s youngest sitting head of government
 性别平等 gender equality

12 月 10 日:
 不忘初心

2016 年 2 月初，习近平在调研考察时强调，“行程万里、不忘初心”；2016 年 7 月 1 日，他在中国

共产党成立 95 周年庆祝大会上号召全党： “面向未来，面对挑战，全党同志一定要不忘初心、继
续前进。”此后，“不忘初心”迅速成为社会各界高度关注的热词。简单来说，“初心”就是中国
共产党人自建党之初就树立的奋斗精神和对人民的赤子之心。“不忘初心”，就是不能忘记党的理
想、信念、宗旨。坚持不忘初心，就要坚持马克思主义的指导地位，就要牢记中国共产党从成立起
就把为共产主义、社会主义而奋斗确定为自己的纲领，就要坚持中国特色社会主义道路自信、理论
自信、制度自信、文化自信，就要统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局，协调推进“四个全面”战略布
局，就要坚定不移高举改革开放旗帜，就要坚信党的根基在人民、党的力量在人民，就要始终不渝
走和平发展道路、奉行互利共赢的开放战略，就要保持党的先进性和纯洁性。

Remain True to Our Original Aspiration

During a study and inspection tour in early February, 2016, Xi Jinping emphasized that "no matter how long
the journey, we should remain true to our original aspiration".
 In his speech of July 1, 2016 at the celebration of the 95th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese
Communist Party, he called upon all the members of the entire Party to "remain true to our original aspiration
and keep moving forward as we face the future and face our challenges".

Subsequently, "remaining true to our original aspiration" rapidly became an axiom which attracted a great
deal of attention throughout society. Put simply, the "original aspiration" was the fighting spirit which was
formed when its members founded the Party, and their devotion to the people. To "remain true to our
aspiration" is to never forget the Party's ideas, beliefs and mission. To always remain true to our aspiration
means always having Marxism as our guide.

It means remembering that from its very beginnings the Chinese Communist Party fought for communism
and socialism, and making that one's own creed. It means remaining confident in the path, theory, system and
culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics. It means promoting the Overall Plan for Development in
Five Areas and the Four-pronged Strategy. It means firmly upholding reform and opening up. It requires a
firm belief that the Party is rooted in the people and that its strength comes from them. It means never
deviating from the path of peaceful development and following a strategy of opening up which is beneficial
to all. It means keeping the Party advanced and free of corruption.

12 月 10 日:
 禁赛 match ban
 药检 doping test
 公平竞争 fair play
 操控实验室数据 manipulate laboratory data
 廉洁体育 clean sport

12 月 10 日:
 文化资源整合 integration of cultural resources
 国家级非物质文化遗产继承人 inheritor of national intangible cultural heritage
 传统文化教育 traditional cultural education
 国粹 the quintessence of Chinese culture

12 月 11 日:
 六稳（稳就业、稳金融、稳外贸、稳外资、稳投资、稳预期） keep employment, the financial sector,
foreign trade, foreign and domestic investments, and expectations stable
 经济社会持续健康发展 sustained and sound economic and social development
 宏观政策要稳、微观政策要活 keep macroeconomic policies stable and microeconomic policies flexible

12 月 11 日:
 我 国 经 济 稳 中 向 好 、 长 期 向 好 的 基 本 趋 势 the basic trend of steady long-term growth for China's
economy
 集中精力办好自己的事 focus on running China's own affairs well
 下岗职工、农民工 laid-off and rural migrant workers
 返乡人员 those returning to rural areas
 防范化解金融风险 prevent and defuse financial risks
 坚持“拉手”而不是“松手”，坚持“拆墙”而不是“筑墙” “ join hands” with each other instead of
“letting go” of each other’s hands
 全方位、多层次、宽领域的全面开放新格局 all-dimensional, multi-tiered and all-sectoral opening-up

 “中国制造 2025”

“中国制造 2025”，是根据中国目前的工业化水平、放眼未来制定的，核心内容是要提高中国产品和
中国装备的质量和水平。2015 年 5 月 8 日，国务院正式印发《中国制造 2025》，成为中国实施制造
强国战略第一个十年的行动纲领。“中国制造 2025”的总体思路是，坚持走中国特色新型工业化道路，
以促进制造业创新发展为主题，以加快新一代信息技术与制造业深度融合为主线，以推进智能制造
为主攻方向，强化工业基础能力，提高综合集成水平，完善多层次人才体系，实现中国制造业由大
变强的历史跨越。它的目标是：到 2020 年，基本实现工业化，制造业大国地位进一步巩固，制造业
信息化水平大幅提升；到 2025 年，制造业整体素质大幅提升，创新能力显著增强，全员劳动生产率
明显提高，工业化和信息化融合迈上新台阶。围绕实现制造强国的战略目标，《中国制造 2025》还
明确了提高国家制造业创新能力、推进信息化与工业化深度融合等 9 项战略任务和重点。

"Made in China 2025"

"Made in China 2025" is a forward-looking initiative designed to build on China's current level of
industrialization and enhance the quality of products and equipment made in China. The initiative was
officially launched on May 8, 2015 by China's State Council as the country's first 10-year plan of action for
transforming China's manufacturing. It aims to put China on a new path to industrialization, with a greater
emphasis on innovation, with expanded use of new-generation information technology, intelligent
manufacturing, consolidation of the industrial base, integration of industrial processes and systems, and with
a robust multilayer talent development structure. Measures taken in this respect will facilitate China's
transformation from a manufacturing giant with a focus on quantity to one with a qualitative edge.

Specifically, it envisions the successful completion by 2020 of the process of basic industrialization, further
consolidating China's position as a manufacturing powerhouse that increasingly relies on cutting-edge
information technology. It also foresees a significant leap in China's overall manufacturing capability by
2025, characterized by much greater innovative ability, much improved overall productivity, and a much
higher level of integration of industrial processes and information technology.

To achieve the goal of transformation in the manufacturing sector, "Made in China 2025" has listed nine
specific objectives, including enhanced capability in innovation and further integration of information
technologies with industrial processes.

12 月 11 日:
 空气质量指数 air quality index
 沙尘天气 sand and dust weather
 可吸入颗粒物 PM10
 可入肺颗粒物 PM2.5
 颗粒物质 particulate matter
 建筑扬尘 construction dust
 道路扬尘 road dust
 汽车排放 vehicle emission

12 月 11 日:
 机密文件 confidential documents
 检视战争的主要失败之处 examine "the root failures" of the war effort
 蓄意误导公众 deliberate efforts to mislead the public
 扭曲统计数字 distort statistics
 操控舆论 manipulate public opinion

12 月 12 日：
 国家文化公园 national culture parks
 中 华民 族的 代 表 性符 号和 中华 文 明 的 重 要 象 征 an important symbol of the Chinese nation and the
Chinese civilization
 革命文化 revolutionary culture
 坚定文化自信 build stronger cultural confidence

 亚太经济合作组织
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation

亚太经济合作组织是亚太地区层级最高、领域最广、最具影响力的经济合作机制，现有 21 个成员以
及东盟秘书处、太平洋经济合作理事会、太平洋岛国论坛秘书处 3 个观察员。
The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum is the highest-level mechanism for economic
cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region. With 21 member economies and three observers – ASEAN
Secretariat, Pacific Economic Cooperation Council, and Pacific Islands Forum – it covers an extensive part
of the world and wields significant influence.

1989 年 11 月，澳大利亚、美国、日本、韩国、新西兰、加拿大及当时的东盟六国在澳大利亚首都堪
培拉举行 APEC 首届部长级会议，标志着亚太经合组织的正式成立。
The forum was formally established in November 1989 at a ministerial meeting in the Australian capital of
Canberra, attended by Australia, the US, Japan, South Korea, New Zealand, Canada, and the then six
ASEAN countries.

作为经济论坛，亚太经合组织主要讨论与全球和区域经济有关的议题，如贸易和投资自由化、区域
经济一体化、互联互通、经济结构改革和创新发展、全球多边贸易体系、经济技术合作和能力建设
等，旨在维护本地区成员的共同利益，促进成员间的经济相互依存，加强开放的多边贸易体制，减
少区域贸易和投资壁垒。
As an economic forum, APEC focuses on global and regional economic issues such as trade and investment
liberalization, regional economic integration, connectivity, economic structural reform and innovative
development, global multilateral trade systems, economic and technological cooperation, and capacity of
development. Its primary goal is to safeguard the common interests of its member economies in the Asia-
Pacific, increase their economic interdependence, create an open multilateral trade system, and reduce
regional trade and investment barriers.
 亚太经合组织共有 5 个层次的运作机制：领导人非正式会议、部长级会议、高官会、委员会和工作
组、秘书处。中国于 2001 年和 2014 年先后在上海和北京成功举办过两届亚太经合组织领导人非正式
会议， 为促进区域贸易和投资自由化便利化、推动全球和地区经济增长发挥了积极作用。
APEC operates at five institutional levels: meetings of economic leaders, ministerial meetings, meetings of
senior officials, committees and working groups, and the Secretariat. China hosted the 2001 and 2014 APEC
economic leaders meetings in Shanghai and in Beijing respectively, and has played an active role in
promoting free and open regional trade and investment and stimulating regional and global economic
growth.

12 月 12 日：
 发表辱华言论 make an insulting remark about China
 对其进行纪律处分 start a disciplinary proceeding against him
 短道速滑队 short track speed team
 递交辞呈 hand in resignation
 帮助匈牙利赢得 150 多枚短道速滑奖牌 help Hungary win over 150 short-track medals

12 月 12 日：
 语言能力量表 language proficiency scale
 全国英语等级考试 Public English Test System, PETS
 大学英语考试 College English Test, CET
 英语专业考试 Test for English Majors, TEM
 商务英语证书 Business English Certificate
 外语能力测评 foreign language assessment system

12 月 13 日:
 南水北调中线一期工程 the first phase of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project
 水质监测 water quality monitoring
 受水区 water-receiving area
 水资源保障 water resources preservation

 健康中国

2015 年 10 月，中共十八届五中全会通过的《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规
划的建议》，提出推进建设健康中国的新目标。健康是促进人的全面发展的必然要求，是经济社会
发展的基础条件，是民族昌盛和国家富强的重要标志，也是广大人民群众的共同追求。没有全民健
康，就没有全面小康。2016 年 10 月，中共中央、国务院印发了《“健康中国 2030”规划纲要》，提
出共建共享是建设健康中国的基本路径，全民健康是建设健康中国的根本目的。力争到 2030 年实现
以下目标：人民健康水平持续提升，健康服务能力大幅提升，健康产业规模显著扩大，促进健康的
制度体系更加完善。健康中国的内涵，不仅是确保人民身体健康，更是涵盖全体人民健康身体、健
康环境、健康经济、健康社会在内的大健康。建设健康中国，要把维护人民健康权益放在重要位置 ，
坚持预防为主，推行健康文明的生活方式，营造绿色安全的健康环境，减少疾病发生。要调整优化
健康服务体系，强化早诊断、早治疗、早康复，坚持保基本、强基层、建机制，更好满足人民群众
健康需求。要坚持共建共享、全民健康，坚持政府主导，动员全社会参与，突出解决好妇女儿童、
老年人、残疾人、流动人口、低收入人群等重点人群的健康问题。要强化组织实施，加大政府投入 ，
深化体制机制改革，加快健康人力资源建设，推动健康科技创新，建设健康信息化服务体系，加强
健康法治建设，扩大健康国际交流合作。

“Healthy China”

In a proposal toimplementthe13th Five-year Plan for Economic and Social Development adoptedat its fifth
plenary session in October 2015,the 18th National Congress of the CPC defined new goals towards building
a healthy China. Promoting Health is crucial to human development, and provides a basis for economic and
social development. Improvement in healthcare represents an important success story in our efforts to build a
stronger nation and achieve greater prosperity. It is also a shared expectation of the public. Without universal
access to healthcare, there can be no prosperity for all.

In October 2016, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council jointly issued an outline for the “Healthy
China 2030” initiative. The document emphasizes a participatory approach to improving China’s healthcare
and the fundamental goal of proving universal access to healthcare. The initiative aims to achieve the
following by 2030:

–a continued improvement in public health;

–a substantial improvement in healthcare services;

–a significant expansion of the healthcare industry; and

–the establishment of a sound health promotion system.

In essence, the initiative seeks to promote the people’s physical, social and economic wellbeing, as well as a
healthy environment, not simply improving physical health. It places front and center the people’s right to
health, emphasizing the importance of prevention and a healthy lifestyle, together with efforts to create an
eco-friendly, safe and healthy environment to reduce the incidence of diseases.

It is important in this regard to change the way healthcare services are provided and improve these services,
putting more emphasis on early diagnosis, treatment and recovery. It is also essential to ensure basic health
coverage, strengthen community-level medical services, and build necessary mechanisms to better address
the health needs of the general public. A participatory approach is indispensable to universal access to
healthcare. Special efforts should be launched under the guidance of the government and with public
participation to better assist vulnerable groups such as women and children, older people, people with
disabilities,transient population, and low-income groups.

Implementation will be stronger, with increased government funding and in tandem with expanded
institutional reform. Other measures include promoting health-related human resource development and
technological innovation, building a health information service system, promoting rule-based practices in the
health industry, and expanding international cooperation on health issues.
 12 月 13 日:
 南京大屠杀死难者国家公祭日 National Memorial Day for Nanjing Massacre Victims
 下半旗致哀死难者。National flags flew at half-mast for the victims.
 一分钟默哀 a minute’s silence
 种族灭绝 genocide
 大屠杀 holocaust
 和平是不可抗拒的趋势。Peace is an irresistible trend.

12 月 13 日：
 粮食短缺 food shortage
 经济难民 economic refugee
 环境难民 environmental refugee
 偷渡/非法入境 illegal immigration
 签证身份 visa status

12 月 14 日：
 人脸识别 facial identification
 创新型人才 innovative talent
 实名认证 real-name authentication
 饥饿营销 hunger marketing
 互联网保险 online insurance
 过度包装 excessive packaging
 个人信用记录 personal credit records
 分级医疗制度 hierarchical medical system
 二孩经济 second-child economy
 创新型政府 pro-innovation government
 带薪休假 paid leave
 可载人无人机 passenger-carrying drone
 网红经济 internet celebrity economy
 智能制造 smart manufacturing
 一小时通勤圈 one-hour commuting circle
 互联网金融 online finance
 提现 cash withdrawal
 宜居城市 habitable city
 点赞 give a like
 二维码支付 two-dimensional barcode payment
 扫脸支付 face scan payment
 无现金支付 cashless payment

12 月 14 日：
 国产航母 domestically built aircraft carrier
 国产客机 homemade passenger jet
 数字家庭 digital homes
 第五代移动通信 5G mobile communications
 新思想 new thought
 新增长目标 new growth target
 中国梦 the Chinese Dream

12 月 16 日:
 稳中求进工作总基调 the underlying principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability
 保持战略定力 maintain strategic focus

12 月 16 日:
 稳字当头 make ensuring stability a top priority
 坚持宏观政策要稳、微观政策要活、社会政策要托底的政策框架 uphold the policy framework of stable
macro policies, flexible micro policies, and social policies that ensure basic needs are met
 乘风破浪、行稳致远 ride the waves and sail forward steadily

12 月 16 日:
 油气市场体系 oil and gas market system
 天然气管道网络 natural gas pipeline networks

12 月 16 日:
 以人民为中心的人权理念 people-centered approach in human rights protection
 人权法治保障 the rule of law for human rights
 世界人权事业 international cause of human rights

 上海合作组织

上海合作组织（简称“上合组织”）是由中国、俄罗斯、哈萨克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、塔吉克斯坦 、
乌兹别克斯坦于 2001 年 6 月 15 日在上海宣布成立的永久性政府间国际组织。上合组织旨在加强成员
国间的友好与信任，鼓励成员国在政治、经贸、文化等领域的有效合作，致力于共同维护地区和平
与稳定，推动建立公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序。上合组织对内遵循“互信、互利、平等、协商 ，
尊重多样文明、谋求共同发展”的“上海精神”，对外奉行不结盟、不针对其他国家和地区及开放
原则。上合组织最高决策机构是成员国元首理事会， 该会议每年举行一次，决定本组织所有重要问
题。政府首脑理事会每年举行一次，讨论本组织框架下多边合作和优先领域的战略。上合组织有两
个常设机构，分别是设在北京的上合组织秘书处和设在塔什干的上合组织地区反恐怖机构执行委员
会。除 6 个成员国外，目前上合组织还包括阿富汗、白俄罗斯、印度、伊朗、蒙古、巴基斯坦 6 个观
察员国，以及阿塞拜疆、亚美尼亚、柬埔寨、尼泊尔、土耳其、斯里兰卡 6 个对话伙伴。2018 年 6
月 9 日至 10 日，上海合作组织成员国元首理事会第十八次会议在山东省青岛市举行，中国国家主席
习近平主持会议并出席相关活动。青岛峰会上，各方一致同意要为构建命运共同体加强各方面合作 ，
并在组织发展、安全合作、经济合作、人文合作、对外交往等领域取得重要成果。

Shanghai Cooperation Organization

The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is an inter-governmental organization comprising China,

Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan founded in Shanghai on June 15, 2001.
 The SCO's mission is to build friendship and trust among member states, encourage effective cooperation in
political, economic, trade, cultural and other areas, safeguard regional peace and stability, and promote a new
international political and economic order that is fair and rational.

Between themselves the SCO members have developed the "Shanghai Spirit," which is based on mutual
trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for cultural diversity, and pursuit of common prosperity.
Externally they follow the principle of openness and non-alignment, and their strategies and policies are not
directed against any third party or any other region.

The top decision-making body of the SCO is the Council of Heads of State, which meets once a year to
decide on major issues. Its Council of Heads of Government also meets once a year to discuss priorities and
issues of multilateral cooperation. Its two permanent bodies are: the Secretariat in Beijing (China) and the
Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure in Tashkent (Uzbekistan).

Six states have observer status with the SCO: Afghanistan, Belarus, India, Iran, Mongolia and Pakistan; and
there are six dialogue partners: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Cambodia, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Turkey.

The Council of Heads of State held its 18th meeting in China's Qingdao on June 9-10, 2018. President Xi
Jinping chaired the meeting and attended several activities. The participants agreed to reinforce cooperation
to build a global community of shared future, and achieved important progress regarding organization
development, security, economic, cultural and humanitarian cooperation, and foreign relations.

12 月 16 日:
 非物质文化遗产 Intangible Cultural Heritage
 口头传统 oral traditions
 表演艺术 performing arts
 社会惯例 social practices
 仪式 rituals
 节日活动 festive events
 与本土或全球有关的知识及惯例 knowledge and practices concerning native and the universe
 制作传统工艺品的知识和技能 the knowledge and skills to produce traditional crafts
 人类非物质文化遗产名录 the list of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
 急需保护的非物质文化遗产名录 the list of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding

12 月 16 日:
 房地产评估师 real estate appraiser
 二手住宅 existing home
 租赁合同 lease contract
 房租 rental fee
 押金 refundable deposit
 中介费 realtor's fee
 管理费 management fee

12 月 16 日:
 中方已暂停 12 月 15 日起对原产于美国的部分进口商品加征关税的计划。
China suspended extra tariffs on certain products from the United States that had been scheduled on
December 15.
 对原产于美国的汽车及零部件继续暂停加征关税
refrain from implementing tariffs on vehicles and auto parts from the United States
 对美加征关税商品排除工作继续开展。
Work on tariff exemptions for imports from the U.S. will proceed.
 第一阶段贸易协议文本达成一致 agree on the text of a phase one trade deal
 贸易战的缓和 de-escalation of the trade war
 在平等和相互尊重的基础上 on the basis of equality and mutual respect

12 月 17 日:
 创造就业 job creation
 人才流动市场机制 market mechanisms for the flow of talents
 高技能人才 highly-skilled personnel

12 月 17 日:
 常住人口 permanent residents population/population of long-term residents
 积分落户制 points-based household registration system
 居住证 residential permit
 流动人口 migrant population
 人口承载能力 population capacity
 户口迁移政策 household registration transfer policy

12 月 17 日:
 局面最为严峻复杂的一年 the most grim and complex year
 坚守“一国两制”原则底线 stick to the bottom line of the “one country, two systems” principle
 依法施政 govern in accordance with the law
 恪尽职守 scrupulously fulfill the duty
 积极回应社会关切 actively respond to social concerns
 纾缓民困 mitigate difficulties for the people
 社会深层次矛盾和问题 deep social tensions and problems
 勇气和担当 courage and sense of mission
 维护国家主权 safeguard China’s sovereignty
 反对任何外部势力干涉香港事务 oppose any external force interfering in Hong Kong affairs

12 月 18 日:
 区域经济布局 regional economic planning
 养老保险全国统筹 bring pension schemes under national unified management
 财政转移支付 fiscal transfer payments

 长江经济带

2016 年 3 月 25 日，中共中央政治局召开会议，审议通过了《长江经济带发展规划纲要》。长江经济
带涉及 11 个省市，即上海、江苏、浙江、安徽、江西、湖北、湖南、重庆、四川、云南和贵州。推
动长江经济带发展的目标是：到 2020 年，生态环境明显改善，水资源得到有效保护和合理利用；长
江黄金水道瓶颈制约有效疏畅、功能显著提升；创新驱动取得重大进展，培育形成一批世界级的企
业和产业集群，参与国际竞争的能力显著增强；基本形成陆海统筹、双向开放，与“一带一路”建
设深度融合的全方位对外开放新格局；发展的统筹度和整体性、协调性、可持续性进一步增强；重
点领域和关键环节改革取得重要进展，协调统一、运行高效的长江流域管理体制全面建立，统一开
放的现代市场体系基本建立；经济发展质量和效益大幅提升，基本形成引领全国经济社会发展的战
略支撑带。到 2030 年，水环境和水生态质量全面改善，生态系统功能显著增强，水脉畅通、功能完
备的长江全流域黄金水道全面建成，创新型现代产业体系全面建立，上中下游一体化发展格局全面
形成，生态环境更加美好、经济发展更具活力、人民生活更加殷实，在全国经济社会发展中发挥更
加重要的示范引领和战略支撑作用。

The Yangtze River Economic Belt

At its meeting on March 25, 2016, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee approved the
Guidelines for Development Along the Yangtze River Economic Belt, which covers 11 cities and provinces –
Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Chongqing, Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou. The
Guidelines set the following goals to be achieved by 2020:

– marked improvement in environment, with effective protection and proper use of water resources;

– more efficient utilization of the Yangtze River waterway, with major constraints removed and
transportation capacity enhanced;

– significant progress in innovation-driven growth as a large number of world-class businesses and industrial
clusters take shape, with enhanced capability to compete in international markets;

– greater openness to the outside world on all fronts, with overall planning for regional and marine economic
activities, emphasis on both domestic and international markets, and close integration with efforts in the Belt
and Road Initiative;

– greater coordination and sustainability, with development activities in different areas well-planned and
properly implemented;

– significant progress in reform in key areas, with a well-coordinated and efficient management system and
an open and unified market for the Yangtze River basin; and

– considerable qualitative improvement in economic development, with an initial capacity established that
will allow the region to provide important support to national economic and social development.

In addition, the Guidelines also set the goals for 2030:

–overall improvement in the quality of water environment and the aquatic ecosystem;
 –markedly enhanced ecological functions;

–completion of the development of the Yangtze River with navigable rivers and waterways;

–an innovation-intensive industrial system;

–integrated development in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River;

–a better environment and dynamic economic activities;

–higher living standards; And

–a stronger position for the region to play a role of pilot and provide important support to national economic
and social development.

 12 月 16 日，国家语言资源监测与研究中心发布了“2019 年度中国媒体十大新词语”。

 本次发布的十大新词语依次是：夜经济、5G 元年、极限施压、止暴制乱、接诉即办、夸夸群、基层
减负年、冰墩墩/雪容融、杀猪盘、乡字号/土字号。



 以下为“2019 年十大新词语”解读



 夜经济 nighttime economy




 夜经济指从当日 18 时至次日凌晨所发生的，以当地居民、工作人群、游客为消费主体，以购物、餐
饮、娱乐、休闲等服务消费为主要形式的经济活动（business activities between 6 pm and 6 am in the
service sectors including shopping, catering, entertainment and leisure）。

 夜经济可以提高设施使用率、激发文化创造、增加社会就业、延长游客滞留时间、提高消费水平、
带动区域发展，是城市消费的“新蓝海”，为当前经济发展注入了新动能，被称为“中国经济新兴
活力源（new impetus for China's economy）”。

 相关阅读

 “五一”假期点燃北京夜间经济

 北京推“夜间经济 13 条” 这些地标将点亮夜京城




 5G 元年 epoch-making year for 5G




 2019 年，是当之无愧的“5G 元年”。6 月 6 日，中国移动、中国联通、中国电信三大运营商和中国
广电获颁 5G 牌照（5G licenses）。此后约 5 个月的时间里，8.6 万座基站（base stations）开始发射
5G 信号，20 款 5G 手机终端入网测试，5G 产业链进一步成熟。11 月 1 日，三大运营商 5G 套餐（5G
data plans）正式启用，5G 开始真正走进人们的生活。

 相关阅读

 什么时候能用上 5G 手机？权威说法来了




 极限施压 exert maximum pressure




 极限施压意为施加最高限度的压力，一般指中美贸易战以来，美国通过加征关税等（impose tariffs）
方式对我国施加压力，进行贸易霸凌（trade bullying）。中美贸易问题应在平等和相互尊重的基础上
妥善解决。运用极限施压的手段，只会加剧贸易摩擦（trade friction），无助于问题的解决。

 相关阅读

 关于中美经贸磋商的中方立场（双语全文）




 止暴制乱 bring violence and chaos to an end

 国家主席习近平在巴西利亚出席金砖国家领导人第十一次会晤时，就当前香港局势明确指出，止暴
制乱、恢复秩序是香港当前最紧迫的任务（ it remains the most pressing task for Hong Kong to bring
violence and chaos to an end and restore order）。这既清晰宣示了中央政府对香港局势的基本立场和坚
定态度，也为当前香港工作指明了方向和路径。

 相关阅读

 习近平：止暴制乱 恢复秩序是香港当前最紧迫的任务

 外交部发言人耿爽就美国国会参议院通过“香港人权与民主法案”发表谈话





 接诉即办 handling a complaint upon receipt

 接诉即办指北京市为促进基层民生服务（ to improve services for the people's livelihood at the primary
level）而采取的一种重要举措和创新机制，即以 12345 市民服务热线为主渠道的群众诉求快速响应
机制（quick response mechanism）。通过该机制，找准了服务群众“最后一公里”的痛点和难点，大
大提高了为民办事的效率，真正回应群众的诉求，提升了群众的幸福感和获得感。


 夸夸群 praise group




 夸夸群指一种以“全方位地用华丽的辞藻疯狂地夸奖吹捧（ overwhelming compliments and praise）”
为主要内容的微信群。在夸夸群中，群成员可以享受到“夸人服务”，获得各种花式的称赞。这既
是一种新兴的社交模式，也反映当今部分网民的一种情感需要。

 支 持 者 认 为 ， 赞 美 的 话 是 正 能 量 ， 能 让 人 增 加 信 心 （ boost confidence ） ， 减 轻 压 力 （ relieve
pressure）；反对者则称，夸张的互相吹捧，会让人盲目自信，甚至迷失自我（lose themselves）。

 相关阅读

 “夸夸群”风靡高校 今天你被夸了吗？




 基层减负年 the year to reduce burdens on community-level officials

 2019 年 3 月，中共中央办公厅印发的《关于解决形式主义突出问题为基层减负的通知》，将 2019 年
作为“基层减负年”，旨在贯彻落实习近平总书记重要指示批示精神，解决一些困扰基层的形式主
义问题（the practice of formalities for formalities' sake），切实为基层减负，激励广大干部担当作为、
不懈奋斗。这表明了党中央坚定不移全面从严治党（comprehensively strengthen Party discipline）、持
之以恒狠抓作风建设的坚定决心。

 相关阅读

 中办明确 2019 年为“基层减负年”




 冰墩墩/雪容融 Bing Dwen Dwen/Shuey Rhon Rhon




 2022 年北京冬奥会和冬残奥会吉祥物（mascots for the 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics）。“冰
墩墩”意喻敦厚、健康、活泼、可爱，象征着冬奥会运动员强壮的身体、坚韧的意志和鼓舞人心的
奥林匹克精神。

 “雪容融”中的“雪”，象征洁白、美丽，是冰雪运动的特点（ indicative of the snow and ice of winter
sports ）； “容 ”， 意 喻包容 、 宽容 、交 流互 鉴（ inclusiveness, tolerance and mutual learning ）；
“融”，意喻融合、温暖（integration and warmth），相知相融。“容融”，表达了世界文明交流互
鉴、和谐发展的理念，体现了通过残奥运动创造一个更加包容的世界和构建人类命运共同体的美好
愿景。

 相关阅读

 冰墩墩、雪容融来了！北京 2022 年冬奥会和冬残奥会吉祥物揭晓




 杀猪盘 pig-butchering scam

 一种网络诈骗（online fraud）方式，指诈骗分子在以恋爱交友为手段获取被害人信任后，伺机将其
拉入博彩理财等骗局（win the trust of victims through a romantic relationship before tricking them into a
gambling or financing trap），骗取受害人钱财。不同于其他骗局的“短、平、快”，杀猪盘最大的特
点是放长线，这个过程犹如把猪养肥后再宰杀，故称。


 乡字号/土字号 bucolic brands/agriculture business names

 乡字号特指乡村特色产品品牌。2019 年 6 月，国务院在《关于促进乡村产业振兴的指导意见》中明
确 提 出 ， 要 实 施 农 业 品 牌 提 升 行 动 （ a government initiative aiming to foster brands for agricultural
products or services）,鼓励地方培育品质优良、特色鲜明的区域公用品牌，引导企业与农户等共创企
业品牌，培育一批“土字号”“乡字号”产品品牌。
 12 月 18 日:
 稳定生猪生产 stabilize hog production
 生猪存栏 the stock of hogs
 猪肉供应 pork supply
 回升迹象 signs of recovery
 高峰期 a peak season
 非洲猪瘟 African swine fever
 投放储备冻猪肉 release frozen pork reserves
 供需平衡 balanced supply and demand

12 月 19 日:
 航母战斗群 aircraft carrier strike/battle group
 强国兴军 build a strong country with a strong military
 和平发展道路 the path of peaceful development

12 月 19 日:
 网络教育 online education
 用户体验 user experience
 终身学习 lifelong learning

12 月 19 日:
 全 面 准 确 贯 彻 “ 一 国 两 制 ” 方 针 fully and faithfully implement the principle of “one country, two
systems”
 巩固和发展了澳门繁荣稳定的良好局面 consolidate and promote prosperity and stability in Macao
 依法执政 law-based governance
 促进澳门繁荣稳定和经济适度多元发展 advance Macao’s prosperity and stability while developing an
appropriately diversified economy

12 月 20 日：
 以人民为中心的工作导向 people-centered approach at work
 国际视野 international perspective
 人民群众的关切和期待 people's concerns and expectations
 舆论监督 oversight through public opinion
 讲好中国故事 tell China's stories well
 传播中国声音 spread China's voice
 凝聚民族力量 raise national morale

 打好扶贫攻坚战

改革开放 30 多年来，中国经济社会发展取得很大成就，人民生活水平总体上发生很大变化，几亿贫
困人口脱贫，完成这期间全世界超过 70%的减贫任务。但由于中国还处在社会主义初级阶段，由于
国家大、各地发展条件不同，中国还有为数不少的困难群众，扶贫开发依然任重道远。按照农民年
人均纯收入 2300 元的扶贫标准，到 2015 年底，中国农村贫困人口还有 5575 万人。可见，中国扶贫
 的工作已经进入“啃硬骨头”阶段。这种背景下，从 2014 年开始，中国将每年 10 月 17 日设立为
“扶贫日”。中国将加大投入力度，动员社会各方面力量共同向贫困宣战，深入推进扶贫开发，继
续打好扶贫攻坚战，帮助困难群众早日脱贫致富，稳定实现扶贫对象不愁吃、不愁穿，保障其义务
教育、基本医疗、住房，努力推动贫困地区经济社会加快发展。

Making Decisive Efforts to Combat Poverty

There have been great achievements in China's socioeconomic development over the 30 years of reform and
opening up. The overall living standard of the people has improved significantly, and several hundred million
people have been lifted out of poverty, accounting for over 70% of global poverty alleviation during this
period.

However, because China is still in the primary stage of socialism and because it is a large country where
different areas have different conditions for development, there are still considerable numbers living in
poverty, and much remains to be done in poverty alleviation. Using an alleviation standard of an annual net
income of RMB 2,300 per capita for farmers, there are still 55.75 million poor people in China's rural areas.
This shows that poverty alleviation work has entered the stage of tackling the hardest tasks.

In light of this, China has designated October 17 of each year as "Poverty Alleviation Day". It will step up its
efforts and mobilize all sectors from across society to combat poverty. It will promote in-depth anti-poverty
development, make continued efforts on poverty alleviation, and help the poor to lift themselves out of
poverty as soon as possible. It will steadily work toward ensuring that the poor need not worry about basic
necessities, ensure their access to mandatory education, basic health care and housing, and strive to
accelerate socioeconomic development in impoverished areas.

 12 月 20 日，国家主席习近平出席庆祝澳门回归祖国 20 周年大会暨澳门特别行政区第五届政府就职
典礼并发表重要讲话。
以下为讲话要点摘录：

澳门开创了历史上最好的发展局面

Over the past 20 years Macao has achieved the best ever development in history.
20 年来，澳门开创了历史上最好的发展局面

The president attributed the achievement to the concerted effort made by the Macao Special Administrative
Region government together with people from all walks of life, the support of the central government and the
mainland, as well as the leadership of Ho Hau-wah and Chui Sai-on.
20 年来，在中央政府和祖国内地大力支持下，在何厚铧、崔世安两位行政长官带领下，澳门特别行
政区政府和社会各界人士同心协力，开创了澳门历史上最好的发展局面。

Macao's economy has grown by leaps and bounds since its return to the motherland, with its per capita GDP
soaring to the world's second highest.
澳门回归祖国 20 年来，经济实现跨越发展，人均地区生产总值大幅增长，跃居世界第二。
Macao has firmly established a constitutional order based on the Constitution and the Basic Law, and
improved its governing system since its return to the motherland in 1999.
澳门回归祖国 20 年来，以宪法和澳门基本法为基础的宪制秩序牢固确立，治理体系日益完善。

The Macao Special Administrative Region (SAR) has ensured the central authorities exercise overall
jurisdiction while accurately implementing the high degree of autonomy.
澳门特别行政区坚决维护中央全面管治权，正确行使高度自治权。

“一国两制”实践一定能够取得更大成功

Macao compatriots have always had firm confidence in "one country, two systems".
广大澳门同胞发自内心拥护“一国两制”。

The vitality and strength of "one country, two systems" will fully show as long as there is a firm belief in the
principle and earnest practice of it.
只要对“一国两制”坚信而笃行，“一国两制”的生命力和优越性就会充分显现出来。

"One country" is the prerequisite and basis of "two systems."

“一国”是“两制”的前提和基础。

Only by ensuring no distortion of the "one country, two systems" practice can the cause of "one country, two
systems" go far and steady.
确保“一国两制”实践不变形、不走样，才能推动“一国两制”事业行得稳、走得远。
希望进一步提升特别行政区治理水平

President Xi Jinping expressed the hope that the Macao Special Administrative Region (SAR) government
will keep a pace with the times and improve governance of the SAR.
坚持与时俱进，进一步提升特别行政区治理水平。

He called for steady efforts to improve the set of institutions for the law-based governance of Macao and
ensure that the decision making by the government is well-conceived and public services are efficient.
不断健全完善依法治澳的制度体系，提高政府管治效能，促进公共服务高效化。

Macao should focus on selected aspects and projects based on the region's conditions and well-conceived
procedures to appropriately diversify its economy.
要结合澳门实际，在科学论证基础上，选准经济适度多元发展的主攻方向和相关重大项目。

Macao should grasp the opportunity brought by the building of the Belt and Road and the Guangdong-Hong
Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.
把握共建“一带一路”和粤港澳大湾区建设的机遇。

中国绝不允许任何外部势力干预香港、澳门事务
 The Chinese government and the Chinese people's will to safeguard national sovereignty, security and
development interests are rock hard.
中国政府和中国人民维护国家主权、安全、发展利益的意志坚如磐石。

I want to stress here that, after the return of Hong Kong and Macao to the motherland, the affairs of the two
special administrative regions are completely China's internal affairs, which need no finger-pointing from
any external forces.
我要在此强调的是，香港、澳门回归祖国后，处理这两个特别行政区的事务完全是中国内政，用不
着任何外部势力指手画脚。

12 月 22 日：
 经济作物 cash crops
 减贫 poverty reduction
 袋泡茶 tea bag
 发酵茶 fermented tea
 茶园 tea plantation

12 月 23 日:
 具有澳门特色的“一国两制”实践 the practice of "one country, two systems" with Macao characteristics
 澳人治澳 the people of Macao governing Macao

12 月 23 日:
 “两不愁三保障”：农村贫困人口不愁吃、不愁穿，义务教育、基本医疗、住房安全有保障
Rural poor people are free from worries over food and clothing and have access to compulsory education,
basic medical services and safe housing.
 消除绝对贫困 eliminate absolute poverty

12 月 23 日:
 教育惩戒 school discipline
 校园安全 campus safety
 师德师风 professional ethics of teachers

12 月 23 日:
 行政主导体制顺畅运行 the executive-led system functioning smoothly
 积极作为和团结奋斗 active performance of duties and concerted and strenuous efforts
 其核心是澳门对国家政治体系、国家核心价值的准确理解和真心拥护。
The key is to accurately understand and wholeheartedly uphold the political system and core values of the
country.

 2019 年度十大流行语

 我和我的祖国 me and my motherland

 金色十年 golden decade

 学习强国 study to make our country stronger

 中美经贸磋商 China-US trade talks

 最美奋斗者 the most outstanding contributors

 硬核 hardcore

 垃圾分类 garbage sorting

 先行示范区 pilot demonstration area

 基层减负年 the year to reduce burdens on community-level officials

 我太南了 What am I supposed to do?

 2019 年度十大新词语

 夜经济 nighttime economy

 5G 元年 epoch-making year for 5G

 极限施压 exert maximum pressure

 止暴制乱 bring violence and chaos to an end

 接诉即办 handling a complaint upon receipt

 夸夸群 praise group

 基层减负年 the year to reduce burdens on community-level officials

 冰墩墩/雪容融 Bing Dwen Dwen/Shuey Rhon Rhon

 杀猪盘 pig-butchering scam/romance scam

 乡字号/土字号 bucolic brands/agriculture business names

 2019 年度十大网络用语

 不忘初心 remain true to the original aspiration

 道路千万条，安全第一条 On countless roads ahead, safety comes first.

 柠檬精 green with envy

 好嗨哟 be so high/get really high

 是个狼人 someone is a badass/crackerjack

 雨女无瓜 none of your business

 硬核 hardcore

 996 the 996 work schedule

 14 亿护旗手 1.4 billion guardians of the national flag

 断舍离 simplifying life

12 月 23 日：
 新增或降低冻猪肉、冷冻鳄梨、非冷冻橙汁等商品进口暂定税率
Introduce or reduce the provisional import tax rates on products including frozen pork, frozen avocados and
non-frozen orange juice
 对用于治疗哮喘的生物碱类药品实施零关税
Impose zero import tax on pharmaceutical products containing alkaloids for asthma treatment
 生产新型糖尿病治疗药品的原料 raw materials for the production of new diabetes medicines
 为降低用药成本，促进新药生产 reduce medication costs and promote the production of new medicines
 新增或降低铌铁、多元件集成电路存储器等商品进口暂定税率
Introduce or cut provisional import tax rates for commodities including ferroniobium and multi-component
integrated circuit memories
 实施低于最惠国税率的进口暂定税率
Implement provisional import tax rates that are lower than the most-favored-nation tariff rates

 “四个全面”战略布局

2014 年 12 月,习近平在江苏省调研时,首次将全面建成小康社会、全面深化改革、全面依法治国、全
面从严治党这“四个全面”并提。2015 年 2 月,习近平在中央党校省部级主要领导干部研讨班开班式
上,明确肯定“四个全面”是“战略布局”,并且第一次用“战略布局”这个词来概括中共十八大以来
党中央治国理政的总体框架。“四个全面”战略布局是从中国发展现实需要中得出来的,是从人民群
众的热切期待中得出来的,是为推动解决中国面临的突出矛盾和问题提出来的,适应了中国现实发展的
需要。“四个全面”战略布局,既有战略目标又有战略举措,每一个“全面”都蕴含着重大战略意义,相
互之间密切联系、有机统一,具有紧密的内在逻辑,是一个整体战略部署的有序展开,共同支撑起中国特
色社会主义事业全局。全面建成小康社会是重大战略目标,在“四个全面”战略布局中居于引领地位。
全面深化改革、全面依法治国、全面从严治党是三大战略举措,为如期全面建成小康社会提供重要保
 障,三大战略举措对实现全面建成小康社会战略目标一个都不能缺。“四个全面”战略布局,是中国共
产党在新形势下治国理政的总方略,是事关党和国家长远发展的总战略,为实现“两个一百年”奋斗目
标、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦提供了重要保障。

The Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy

During an inspection tour in Jiangsu Province in December 2014, Xi Jinping for the first time talked about
the Four-pronged Comprehensive Strategy, which consists of completing the building of a society which is
moderately prosperous in all respects, comprehensively expanding in-depth reform, comprehensively
promoting law-based governance, and comprehensively enforcing strict Party self-governance.

Speaking to the provincial officials attending a training session at the Central Party School in February 2015,
he called this a strategy, which he used to summarize the governance framework of the CPC Central
Committee since the 18th National Congress.

This Four-pronged Comprehensive Strategy was formulated to help solve the most pressing problems and
issues currently facing the country. It caters to the needs of China’s development reality.

The four prongs are closely interconnected. Together they support the overall development of Chinese
socialism. Completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects is the strategic goal and
foremost element of the Four-pronged Comprehensive Strategy. The other three are strategic measures that
support the strategic goal.

The Four-pronged Comprehensive Strategy is an important guarantee of the Two Centennial Goals and the
Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation.

12 月 24 日:
 社会主义市场经济 socialist market economy
 亲清新型政商关系 a new type of cordial and clean relationship between the government and the business

 习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想

中共十八大以来,以习近平同志为核心的党中央在系统回答“新时代坚持和发展什么样的中国特色社
会主义”这一重大时代课题中,提出一系列治国理政新理念新思想新战略,形成了习近平新时代中国特
色社会主义思想。中共十九大概括和提出了习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想,将其确立为党必须
长期坚持的指导思想并写进党章,实现了党的指导思想的与时俱进。十三届全国人大一次会议通过的
宪法修正案,郑重地把习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想载入宪法,实现了从党的指导思想向国家指
导思想的转化,实现了国家指导思想的与时俱进。

习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想内涵十分丰富,包括新时代坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的总目
标、总任务、总体布局、战略布局和发展方式、发展动力、战略步骤、外部条件、政治保证等方面
的基本问题,并根据新的实践对经济、政治、法治、科技、文化、教育、民生、民族、宗教、社会、
生态文明、国家安全、国防和军队、“一国两制”和祖国统一、统一战线、外交、党的建设等各方
面作出理论分析和政策指导。习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的核心要义是坚持和发展中国特
色社会主义,核心内容是中共十九大报告概括的“八个明确”、“十四个坚持”。“八个明确”、
“十四个坚持”有机融合、有机统一,体现了解放思想、实事求是、与时俱进、求真务实的思想精髓,
深刻回答了新时代党和国家事业发展的一系列重大理论和现实问题,深化了党对共产党执政规律、社
会主义建设规律、人类社会发展规律的认识。

习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想,是马克思主义中国化最新成果,是中国特色社会主义理论体系的
重要组成部分,是党和人民实践经验和集体智慧的结晶,是中国精神的时代精华,是国家政治生活和社会
生活的根本指针。习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想是在新的时代背景和实践条件下创立并不断
发展的,也正是由于这一思想的真理力量和实践伟力,开启和引领了中国特色社会主义的新时代、新发
展。随着社会实践进一步生动展开、不断拓展,这一思想将持续发展、更加丰富、更加完善。

Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era

Since the 18th CPC National Congress, in seeking to provide a clear definition of socialism with Chinese
characteristics in the new era, the CPC Central Committee with Xi Jinping at its core has put forward a series
of new concepts, ideas, and strategies on governance, which has given shape to Xi Jinping Thought on
Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. The report to the 19th CPC National Congress
elaborated on these ideas, established Xi Jinping Thought as a long-term guiding thought of the Party, and
wrote it into the Constitution of the Communist Party of China. The Amendment to the Constitution of the
People's Republic of China that was approved at the first session of the 13th National People's Congress held
in March 2018 also included Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.
This turned Xi Jinping Thought from a guiding thought of the Party to a timely update of the guiding thought
of the state.

The thought is rich in content. It defines the overarching objectives, tasks, plans, strategies, external
conditions, and political guarantees for the new era, as well as the model and drivers of development. It also
provides theoretical analysis and policy guidance on issues related to the economy, political affairs, the rule
of law, science and technology, culture, education, people’s wellbeing, ethnic and religious affairs, social
development, ecological conservation, national security, defense and the armed forces, “one country, two
systems” and national reunification, the united front, foreign affairs, and Party building.

These are summed up in eight areas and 14 points, which can be found in the report to the 19th CPC
National Congress. Together they form an organic whole and reflect the CPC’s constant efforts to free minds,
seek truth from facts, move with the times, and apply a realistic and pragmatic approach. They provide
profound answers to major theoretical and practical issues about the development of the Party and the state in
the new era, and show the CPC’s deeper understanding of the laws that underlie governance by a communist
party, the development of socialism, and the evolution of human society.

Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era represents the latest
achievement in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context. It embodies the essence of the Chinese spirit in
contemporary China, and serves as a guide to action for political and social activities in China. The thought
has ushered in a new era for Chinese socialism; social practice in turn will lead to its constant enrichment
and improvement in the future.
 12 月 24 日:
 进口配额 import quota
 国际收支 the balance of international payments
 经常性收支 current account
 资本收支 capital account
 贸易不平衡 trade imbalance
 贸易顺差 trade surplus
 贸易逆差 trade deficit
 积累债务 accumulated debt
 出口收入 export earnings

12 月 24 日:
 心理健康教育 mental health education
 心理评估 psychological assessments
 心理咨询 psychological counseling
 心理治疗 psychological treatment

12 月 24 日:
 中国首例有关未婚女性冻卵权利的法律案件
China's first legal case over the rights of unmarried women to access egg-freezing services
 呼吁取消对未婚妇女生育权的限制
Appeal for lifting restrictions surrounding the fertility rights of unmarried women
 因未能证明婚姻状况而被医院拒绝 be rejected by the hospital for failing to prove her marital status
 禁止向未婚女性提供此类生育服务 be barred from offering such fertility services to unmarried women
 违反《妇女权益保护法》中关于性别平等的条款
Violate gender equality as stated in the Law on the Protection of Rights and Interests of Women

12 月 25 日:
 互利合作 mutually beneficial cooperation
 战略互惠互信 strategic reciprocity and mutual trust
 建设性管控矛盾分歧 manage disputes and differences constructively
 高级别人文交流磋商机制 high-level consultation mechanism on people-to-people and cultural exchanges

12 月 25 日:
 以更有创意的方式呈现新题材和新话题 present new themes and subjects in more creative ways
 国产大片 made-in-China blockbusters
 制作精良的电影 technically sound and well-made films
 神话动画与现代叙事结合 an animated fairytale with modern narrative
 一部成功的、具有开创性的科幻电影 a pioneering and successful sci-fi movie

12 月 25 日:
 climate emergency 气候紧急状态
 climate strike 气候罢工
 upcycling 升级回收
 12 月 25 日:
 人格权 personality rights
 社会信用体系 social credit system
 居住权 rights of habitation
 依法治国 rule of law/law-based governance

 中国梦

2012 年 11 月 29 日,习近平在参观《复兴之路》展览时发表讲话首次提出中国梦。他指出实现中华民
族伟大复兴,就是中华民族近代以来最伟大的梦想。这个梦想,凝聚了几代中国人的夙愿,体现了中华民
族和中国人民的整体利益,是每一个中华儿女的共同期盼。中国到 2021 年中国共产党成立一百年时全
面建成小康社会,到 2049 年中华人民共和国成立一百年时建成富强民主文明和谐美丽的社会主义现代
化强国,中华民族伟大复兴的梦想一定能实现。

中国梦视野宽广、内涵丰富、意蕴深远,其本质是实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福。这个梦想既
是国家的、民族的,也是每一个中国人的,归根到底是人民的梦。实现中国梦必须走中国道路,弘扬中国
精神,凝聚中国力量。这个梦想是和平、发展、合作、共赢的梦,不仅造福中国人民,也同世界各国人民
的美好梦想息息相通。

中国梦只有同中国人民对美好生活的向往结合起来才能取得成功。人民对美好生活的向往就是中国
共产党的奋斗目标。实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦,这是以习近平同志为核心的党中央对全体人民
的庄严承诺,是党和国家面向未来的政治宣言,充分体现了中国共产党高度的历史担当和使命追求,为新
时代坚持和发展中国特色社会主义注入了崭新内涵。

The Chinese Dream

Xi Jinping first explained his vision of the Chinese Dream on November 29, 2012, when visiting the
exhibition “The Path to National Rejuvenation.” He pointed out that national rejuvenation has been the
greatest dream of the Chinese people since the beginning of modern times. It is a dream that spans
generations, a dream that reflects China’s national interests, and a dream embraced by every Chinese.

China will strive to complete the building of a moderately prosperous society by 2021, when the CPC
celebrates its centenary, and to become a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong,
democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious and beautiful by 2049, when the People’s Republic marks its
centenary. At this point the dream of national rejuvenation will have become reality.

In essence, the Chinese Dream is a commitment to bringing prosperity and happiness to the country, the
nation and the people To make the dream come true, China must follow the its own path to development,
elevate the Chinese spirit, and boost national cohesion. The Chinese Dream is a dream of peace,
development, cooperation and prosperity for all, benefiting not only the Chinese people but also the people
of the rest of the world.

The effort to realize the Chinese Dream will be meaningful only if it accords with the Chinese people’s
 yearning for a better life. To realize the Chinese Dream is a solemn promise the CPC Central Committee with
Xi Jinping at its core has made to the whole nation. It is a political statement that embodies the historical
responsibility and mission of the CPC and the state. It constitutes an important part of upholding and
developing Chinese socialism in the new era.

12 月 26 日:
 对话机制 dialogue mechanism
 区域一体化进程 regional integration process
 亚洲和平与稳定 peace and stability in Asia

12 月 26 日:
 中欧投资协定 a China-EU investment agreement
 中日韩自由贸易协定 a China-Japan-ROK FTA
 中国－海合会自由贸易协定 a China-Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) FTA

 “一带一路”

“一带一路”是“丝绸之路经济带”和“ 21 世纪海上丝绸之路”的简称。2013 年 9 月和 10 月，中国

国家主席习近平出访中亚和东南亚时，分别提出了与相关国家共同建设“丝绸之路经济带”和“ 21
世纪海上丝绸之路”的倡议。该倡议以实现“政策沟通、设施联通、贸易畅通、资金融通、民心相
通”为主要内容，以“共商、共建、共享”为原则，实实在在地造福沿线国家和人民。“一带一
路”主要涵盖东亚、东南亚、南亚、西亚、中亚和中东欧等国家和地区。“一带一路”建设符合有
关各方共同利益，顺应地区和全球合作潮流，得到了沿线国家的积极响应。截至 2018 年年底，中国
已经与 106 个国家和 29 个国际组织签署了超过 150 份共建“一带一路”的协议，签署范围自亚欧大
陆拓展至非洲、拉美和加勒比地区、南太平洋地区；同 30 多个国家开展机制化产能合作，推动形成
了以“一带一路”为引领的对外开放新格局。共建“一带一路”已经写入联合国大会、安理会等重
要决议，联合国安理会通过的第 2344 号决议，呼吁国际社会通过“一带一路”建设加强区域经济合
作。

Belt and Road Initiative

The Belt and Road Initiative – China's proposal to build a Silk Road Economic Belt and a 21st Century
Maritime Silk Road in cooperation with related countries – was unveiled by Chinese President Xi Jinping
during his visits to Central and Southeast Asia in September and October 2013. The initiative focuses on
promoting policy coordination, connectivity of infrastructure and facilities, unimpeded trade, financial
integration, and closer people-to-people ties through a consultative process and joint efforts, with the goal of
bringing benefits to all.

The initiative covers primarily East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, West Asia, Central Asia, and Central
and Eastern Europe. It reflects a convergence of interests and an increasing need for regional and global
cooperation. The response from countries along the proposed Belt and Road has been enthusiastic.

The Belt and Road Initiative has driven new advances in opening up. By the end of 2018, China had signed
more than 150 cooperation agreements with 106 countries and 29 international organizations from Asia,
 Europe, Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, and south Pacific, and carried out industrial cooperation
projects with more than 30 countries. The UN General Assembly and Security Council have made reference
to the initiative in some of their resolutions. General Assembly resolution 2344, for instance, called on the
international community to increase regional economic cooperation through the Belt and Road Initiative.

12 月 26 日:
 贸易问题 trade issue
 贸易磨擦 trade friction
 不公平贸易行为 unfair trade practice
 贸易壁垒 trade barrier
 反倾销关税 anti-dumping tariff

12 月 26 日:
 5A 级景区 5A-level scenic areas
 热门景点 tourist hotspots

12 月 26 日:
 千里之行，始于足下。 Giant leaps often start with small steps.
 迈出个人的一小步，人类的一大步 take a step for man and a giant leap for mankind
 本着友好、和解的精神 in the spirit of friendship and reconciliation
 放下过去的分歧 put past differences behind
 在保护环境等问题上表现出强烈的使命感
Bring a sense of purpose to issues such as protecting our environment

12 月 27 日:
 政务公开 transparency in government affairs
 简政放权、放管结合、优化服务改革 （“放、管、服”改革）
Streamline the government, delegate power, and improve government services
 健全激励机制和容错纠错机制
Improve mechanisms that give incentives and allow for and address mistakes

 全面建成小康社会

改革开放之初，邓小平首先用“小康”来诠释中国式现代化，明确提出到 20 世纪末“在中国建立一
个小康社会”的奋斗目标。在全党全国各族人民共同努力下，邓小平提出的目标在 20 世纪末如期实
现，人民生活总体上达到小康水平。在这个基础上，党的十六大提出本世纪头 20 年全面建设惠及十
几亿人口的更高水平的小康社会的目标；党的十七大提出了全面建设小康社会的新要求；党的十八
大对全面建设小康社会目标进行了充实和完善，将“全面建设小康社会”调整为“全面建成小康社
会”，顺应了人民的新要求。党的十八届五中全会对全面建成小康社会进行了总体部署，提出了全
面建成小康社会新的目标要求，发出了向全面建成小康社会目标冲刺的新的动员令。到 2020 年全面
建成小康社会的奋斗目标，是党向人民、向历史作出的庄严承诺。这个宏伟目标，是“两个一百
年”奋斗目标的第一个百年奋斗目标，是中华民族伟大复兴征程上的又一座重要里程碑。全面建成
小康社会，“小康”讲的是发展水平，“全面”讲的是发展的平衡性、协调性、可持续性。全面建
成小康社会，更重要、更难做到的是“全面”。当前，中国已经进入全面建成小康社会的决胜阶段 。
 全面建成小康社会，最艰巨最繁重的任务在农村、特别是在贫困地区，最根本最紧迫的任务还是进
一步解放和发展社会生产力。

Completing the Building of a Moderately Prosperous Society in All Respects

At the outset of reform and opening up, Deng Xiaoping first used the term xiaokang to describe China's
modernization, and he explicitly proposed "the building of a xiaokang society in China" ("the building of a
moderately prosperous society in China") as its goal. Through the joint efforts of the entire Party and of all
the people, this goal was realized at the end of the 20th century and the overall living standard of the people
reached a xiaokang level. Proceeding from this foundation, the 16th CPC National Congress set a target of
achieving a higher level of xiaokang within the first two decades of this century, one that would benefit over
a billion people. The 17th CPC Congress then proposed a new goal of comprehensively building a xiaokang
society, which the 18th CPC National Congress amplified and refined. To meet the new expectations of the
people, it changed "comprehensively building a xiaokang society" to "comprehensively completing the
building of a xiaokang society". The Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC National Congress drew up a
master plan for this goal; it laid out the new targets and demands for doing so, and it issued a mobilization
order for an all-out effort to this end. Success in achieving this goal by the year 2020 is a solemn promise
made by the Party to the people and to history. It is the first of the "Two Centennial Goals" and an important
milestone on the road to the renaissance of the Chinese people. Within the phrase, "xiaokang" refers to the
level of development, while "comprehensively" refers to the balanced, coordinated and sustainable nature of
such development. In completing the task, the most important and most difficult element will be to do so
"comprehensively". China has already entered the decisive stage of this effort. The most daunting and most
onerous work lies in the rural areas, particularly in impoverished areas. The most basic and most pressing
task is to further unleash and develop the social forces of production.

12 月 27 日:
 贸易制裁 trade sanction
 数值目标 numerical target
 歧视关税 discriminatory tariff
 报复关税 punitive tariff
 保护关税 protective tariff
 特别优惠关税 preferential tariff
 非关税壁垒 non-tariff barrier
 进口附加税 import surcharge
 出口补贴 export subsidy

12 月 28 日:
 作为贵国人民的友好使者 as an envoy of friendship of your people;
 自然风光秀美 picturesque natural scenery;
 主宾 guest of honor;
 诸子百家 the masters' hundred schools;
 周年庆典 an anniversary celebration

 12 月 29 日:
 把握机遇，精诚合作 seize opportunities and cooperate in good faith;  
 古代中国的风采神韵 ancient glory of China;
 和平稳定的外部环境 a peaceful and stable external environment;  
 欢送仪式 farewell ceremony

命运共同体

在中共十八大报告中，“命运共同体”作为一种促进中国与世界实现合作共赢关系的理念被明确提出。此
后，“命运共同体”逐渐成为中国外交的核心理念之一，也是“一带一路”建设的重要目标。“命运共同
体”强调整体思维，推崇共生共荣的关系，追求持久和平和共同繁荣。一个国家的命运要掌握在本国人民
手中，世界的前途命运必须由各国共同掌握，各国在追求本国利益时兼顾别国利益，在追求自身发展时兼
顾别国发展。“一带一路”建设背后体现的正是这种“命运共同体”思想。通过“一带一路”构建命运共
同体，需要建立在利益共同体和责任共同体的基础之上。一方面，要在经贸和投资领域不断扩大利益交汇
点，把经济的互补性转化为发展的互助力；一方面，各国需要共同担负解决国际性难题的责任，共同打造
互利共赢的合作架构。

Community of Shared Future

The idea of building a community of shared future was first discussed in a report to the 18th CPC
National Congress in 2012. It was seen as contributing to China's engagement with the rest of the world
in pursuit of win-win results. This idea has since become a core element of China's foreign policy. It also
underpins the launch of the Belt and Road Initiative.

The concept of a community of shared future emphasizes the virtue of holistic thinking, cosmopolitan
ideals, and the pursuit of lasting peace and shared prosperity. The destiny of a country should be in the
hands of its people, and the future of the world must be shaped jointly by the peoples of the world. A
country's national interests are to be pursued with other countries' interests in mind. The implementation
of any national development strategy should be accompanied by careful consideration of the
development needs of others.

Underlying the Belt and Road Initiative is the understanding that we all share one world. Under the Belt
and Road Initiative, a community of shared future can be built only on the basis of shared interests and
responsibility. Sustained efforts should thus be made to expand our cooperation in the fields of trade
and investment, where convergence of interests occurs, and to transform economic complementarity
into new drivers of development. At the same time, all countries should join hands in dealing with
international challenges and building a cooperative framework that benefits all.

12 月 30 日:
 美方任何以此遏制中国发展的图谋都不会得逞，到头来只会是搬起石头砸自己的脚。 Any attempts by
the United States to stifle China's development will be in vain, and will only backfire and harm the US.
 粗暴干涉中国内政 blatantly interfere with China's domestic affairs；
 寻求对小国经济和安全决策的“否决权”seek "veto power" over the economic and security decisions of
smaller nations；
 破坏了当前国际秩序 undermine the current world order；
 推动太空军事化和军备竞赛 lead to an arms race and the militarization of outer space；
 严重危及一线官兵生命安全 threaten the life and safety of frontline military personnel；
 以实际行动维护中美两国两军关系大局 take concrete actions to maintain the overall big picture of China-
U.S. relations；
 如果有人硬要把中国逼成对手，那么中国一定会做一个合格的对手。 If someone insists on forcing
China into being a competitor, then China will certainly be a formidable one.
 全面开放新格局 a new structure of all-out opening-up;
 优化营商环境 improve the business environment
 人才流动市场机制 market mechanisms for the flow of talents;
 高技能人才 highly-skilled personnel;
 高质量流动机会 high-quality mobility opportunities
 销售渠道 sales channel;
 店面销售 over-the-counter sale;
 邮销 mail-order sale;
 上门推销 door-to-door sale;
 委托销售 consignment sale;
 特许经销合同 franchise contract
 老字号 time-honored brand;
 国产知名品牌 established domestic brand
 对医 务 人员 的 侵 害 ，无 论从 道 德上 还是从 法律 上， 都 应当 予以严厉 谴 责和制 裁。 Assaults on
medical workers must be condemned by moral standards and punished by the law.
 阻止非法行为 deter illegal acts；
 合法权利 legitimate rights；
 蓄意谋杀 intentional homicide；
 威胁、危害医疗卫生人员人身安全，侵犯医疗卫生人员人格尊严 threaten or harm medical workers’
personal safety and dignity；
 行政处罚 administrative punishments

12 月 31 日:
 高速铁路 high-speed railway line；
 开通运营 go into operation；
 无线充电 wireless charging；
 地下隧道 underground tunnels；
 最高设计时速 maximum design speed；
 自动发车、停车 automatically start and stop；
 陡峭的山坡 steep mountain slope；
 冰雪经济 ice and snow economy
 只要有坚定的理想信念、不懈的奋斗精神，脚踏实地把每件平凡的事做好，一切平凡的人都可以获
得不平凡的人生，一切平凡的工作都可以创造不平凡的成就。
Adhering to firm ideals and convictions and working tirelessly to have their jobs done, every
ordinary person can have an extraordinary life and every ordinary job can produce extraordinary
achievements.
 京津冀协同发展 Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration plan；
 北京城市副中心 subcenter of the capital；
 疏解北京非首都功能 relieve Beijing of functions nonessential to its role as the capital；
 森林覆盖率 forest coverage

“三步走”发展战略

“三步走”发展战略是十一届三中全会以来，在中国共产党领导全国人民进行社会主义现代化建设的实践
中逐步形成的。1987 年 10 月召开的党的十三大从社会主义初级阶段理论出发，结合邓小平 1985 年以来
经过反复思考后得出的发展战略结论，将党的十二大提出的经济发展战略部署作了进一步丰富和发展，确
定了经济建设分“三步走”的发展战略部署。它以社会主义初级阶段的主要矛盾，即人民日益增长的物质
文化需要同落后的社会生产之间的矛盾演化为线索，以社会生产的发展水平和相应的人民生活水平为标志 ，
来划分经济建设的战略步骤并确定每一步所要达到的目标。

“三步走”的具体目标为：第一步，1981 年到 20 世纪 80 年代末，实现国民生产总值比 1980 年翻一番，

解决人民的温饱问题；第二步，1991 年到 20 世纪末，使国民生产总值再增长一倍，人民生活达到小康水
平；第三步，到 21 世纪中叶，人均国民生产总值达到中等发达国家水平，人民生活比较富裕，基本实现
现代化。

“三步走”经济发展战略，对中华民族百年图强的宏伟目标做了积极而稳妥的规划，既体现了党和人民勇
于进取的雄心壮志，又反映了从实际出发、遵循客观规律的科学精神，是中国共产党探索中国特色社会主
义建设规律的重大成果。“三步走”经济发展战略是中国社会主义初级阶段建设的经济纲领，它从中国社
会主义初级阶段基本国情和经济发展内在规律出发，进一步明确了中国经济建设的历史任务和奋斗目标，
成为新时期党和政府及全国各族人民奋斗的总目标。

实现“三步走”战略目标有两条基本途径——深化改革和扩大开放。改革突出一个“活”字，激发全社会
创造财富的活力；开放突出一个“争”字，争项目、争资金、争技术、争人才、争市场。实现“三步走”
战略目标的一个根本保证是提高领导现代化建设的能力和水平。

Three-step development strategy

The three-step strategy developed gradually after the third plenary session of the 11th CPC Central
Committee, on the basis of the experience of the Chinese people in pursuing socialist modernization
under the leadership of the CPC. Unveiled at the 13th CPC National Congress in October 1987, the
strategy envisaged three steps for economic development. It drew upon the concept of the preliminary
stage of socialism and Deng Xiaoping's strategic conclusions on development reached since 1985, and
built on the economic development strategy adopted at the 12th CPC National Congress. The
underlying assumption was that the major challenge in the preliminary stage of socialism was how to
address the inadequate level of development and to satisfy the people's growing material and cultural
needs. Aimed at raising the level of development to improve the people's wellbeing, the strategy outlined
specific targets for each of the three steps.

First, the years from 1981 to the end of the 1980s would see the doubling of the 1980 GDP, thus
meeting the most basic needs of the people. Second, GDP would be doubled again between 1991 and
the end of the 20th century, enabling the people to enjoy a "moderately prosperous" life. Third, with the
process of modernization basically completed, per capita GDP was expected to reach the level of a
moderately developed country by the mid-21st century, further improving the people's wellbeing.

The three-step strategy for economic development combined a forward-looking vision for building a
prosperous China with prudent and careful planning. As a major document guiding the CPC in its search
for ways to develop socialism with Chinese characteristics, it showed not only the courage and ambition
of the Party and the Chinese people but also a pragmatic approach rooted in a deep understanding of
the existing conditions. The strategy provided guidance for China's economic development in the
preliminary stage of socialism, on the basis of a careful analysis of the realities during this period of time
and what could be done to drive economic development. It clarified our historic mission and goal of
economic development, which remain relevant to what the Party, the government and the people are
pursuing in a new era.

In order to meet the targets specified in the three-step strategy, further reform and greater openness are
imperative. Reform injects dynamism into the economy, inspiring the people to create more wealth.
Greater openness allows more competition over projects, financial resources, technology, talent, and
market share. Essential to successful implementation of this strategy is improving the ability of political
and business leaders to manage change in our modernization process.