Pavithra A/P Santhara Mogan

061511133285

Genetika Hewan

Artificial Insemination is the second-most common practice of breeding livestock well, it's
the only alternative to breeding livestock next to natural breeding using a male over females.
Artificial Insemination is however much more common in dairy production than in beef production,
though it is gaining ground in beef breeding herds due to the increased access and marketing of
superior and favourable proven sires. Knowing how to handle these method on a cattle is important
in order to achieve a high success rate in cattle breeding herds where owning a herd bull is not
profitable nor recommended. There three methods to carry out these Artificial Insemination ; first
watch the females , then get them in .The second method is preparations prior to insemination . The
third method is artificially inseminating the female bovine . The estrous detection and beef artificial
insemination programs . Females go into heat once every ~21 days, and the heat periods themselves
last for 24 hours . Proper timing of the artificial insemination is necessary to accomplish a high
percentage of conceptions in the cows that are bred artificially . Twelve (12) hours after estrus is
when females should be artificially inseminationed . This time period is when the female ovulates,
sending an ovum out to the fallopian tube to await fertilization from sperm from a bull . The estrous
detection requires observation . Calmly, with proper handling practices put the heifers or cows in to
the working alley to the squeeze chute (or alleyway with just a head gate is good enough), and catch
the first female in the head gate. If there are others behind her, make sure they are back behind
another gate to prevent them from squishing you when they try to move up further in the race. If
you have a squeeze chute with a palpation cage attached to it, use this as a means to do your
artificial insemination . The timing for the artificial insemination is also important . Fertility
decreases slightly when cows are bred a few hours on either side of this target and decreases
markedly when breeding occurs more than 12 hours away from the end of “standing estrus.” The
quality of frozen semen when it arrives at your farm or ranch is determined by the bull and
organization that processed it . Although it is easy to maintain frozen semen at a safe temperature, it
is also easy to destroy it in a few moments of carelessness . Identify which canister contains the
semen you need. A semen inventory on the tank that keeps track of the location of each bull
prevents any unnecessary searching . Proper steps for handling semen should be observed .The
semen transfer and the semen placement should be kept safely and with a high hygiene care .
Therefore , there are basic sanitary methods to follows in these process so that the artificial
insemination technique succeeds and forms the fertilisation process . Wash your hands.
Inseminating cows is an invasion into the delicate uterine environment that is very conducive to
growing bacteria . There many procedures should be taken for these method to success . Each and
every steps should be done carefully and taken into concern .