8/2/2020 Method for arrangement of pit sides barriers in saturated soils

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Method for arrangement of pit sides barriers in saturated soils

E02D29 - Underground or underwater structures (underground tanks B65D0088760000;

hydraulic engineering, e.g. sealings or joints, E02B; underground garages
E04H0006000000; underground air-raid shelters E04H0009120000; burial vaults
E04H0013000000); Retaining walls

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: method for arrangement of pit sides barriers in saturated soils includes development of at least
one row of vertical bearing barrier elements along pit perimetre. In space between vertical bearing barrier
elements - pipes, at external side of barrier, soil is artificially frozen by any available method. Arrays of frozen
soil in space between the elements should be closed to each other and to vertical bearing barrier elements,
besides artificial freezing of soil is done before soil extraction from pit starts, and it is continued until pit backfill
is over.
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8/2/2020 Method for arrangement of pit sides barriers in saturated soils

EFFECT: improved bearing capacity and stability of barrier, provision of water impermeability for water and
soil in barrier.

2 dwg

The invention relates to the field of construction and for the pits in the construction of underground parts of
buildings.

A known method of fencing during construction of the pit by artificial freezing of soils in its sides (Caspa IB,
Khabibullin SURDS high-rise building at the Red gate. "Transport construction" No. 10, p.27-30, M, 1997). This
method provides full stability of the boards and protect the pit from groundwater inflow. The disadvantage of this
method is the need to freeze large amounts of soil, as formed during the freezing hladognutoy array fence around
the settlement scheme is a gravity retaining wall for stability which require a relatively large width of a frozen
array ground commensurate with the magnitude of the depth of the pit. That increases the cost of the
construction.

Closest to the invention to the technical essence and the achieved result is the execution method of the fence
(SU 1618843 A1, IPC E02D 29/00, published 07.01.1991), including the establishment of the perimeter of the pit
at least one row of vertical bearing enclosing elements (for example, from metal pipes) and then, as the dredging
and deepening of the pit, set the horizontal support zone, including the key between opposite supporting belts (if
necessary) and tightening of wooden boards (zabirki). The stability of the bearing elements is provided by their
incorporation into the soil below the pit bottom and resting on the beams of the reference zones. The
disadvantage is the closest analogue is the impossibility of its application at the location of the groundwater level
above the bottom of the pit, as many soils in the saturated state becomes unstable (silts, fluid sandy loam, fluid
loam, sand (if not the dewatering) and others) and their development will inevitably zooming into the pit from
under a fence, causing precipitation behind the fence of the buildings and making it impossible to install items
zabirki (puffs) and the development. In addition, in this way setting between the support elements zabirki (puffs)
in principle impossible below the pit bottom, which creates the danger of an influx of soil and water through the
bottom of the pit.

The present invention is to completely eliminate the inflow of soil and water in the pit when using the nearest
analogue of the invention.

To solve this problem is proposed in a known method comprising installing at least one row of vertical bearing
enclosing elements (for example, from metal pipes) along the axis of the fence, to produce instead of installing
puffs (zabirki) artificial ground freezing in the inter-element space, Breakfast is as between adjacent vertical load
bearing non-load-bearing elements) on the outside of the fence. The load from the horizontal earth pressure on
the fence is transmitted to the vertical load bearing walling elements through arrays of frozen soil and therefore
the cross-section, depth and step installation support elements must be designed for this load. The stability of the
whole structure is provided by the depth of the bearing elements in the soil below the pit bottom and resting on
the horizontal elements of the support system. Freezing devices are installed in wells that proburivaya for circuit
bearing elements on the outside of the fence. Installation step freezing columns count so that the cylinders of
frozen soil, formed around the freezing columns, together with the adjacent cylinders and with the control
elements of the cage, forming on the outer perimeter fence solid ledogorov veil that will transmit the horizontal
pressure from the ground with the outer side of the bearing, vertical elements and to prevent the infiltration of
groundwater and soil in the pit. The depth of freezing of columns is assigned to a project depending on the
specific hydrogeological conditions and for full coverage of the flow of water through the bottom of the pit must
reach and be terminated at the roof of the aquitard. To ensure sustainability of the fence ledogorov C is the
weight in this case is not involved, as it passes the horizontal soil pressure on the vertical bearing enclosing
elements. Therefore, its thickness should not exceed the installation step bearing elements (about 1 m). After
mounting the freezing of columns is enabled to process the active freezing of the soil and creating an array of
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8/2/2020 Method for arrangement of pit sides barriers in saturated soils

frozen soil between the bearing elements. After the formation of ledogorov curtains around the perimeter of the
excavation perform excavation and installation during the excavation of the elements of the reference system.
Install items zabirki when this is excluded, as it becomes not necessary. Off freezing device is performed after
completion of all works in the pit and run it backfilling with compaction.

The technical result of the proposed solution allows you to create a stable and completely impervious to water
and soil construct fences of pit.

Figure 1 shows a fragment of the plan fencing according to the invention, figure 2 is a transverse section of the
fence according to the invention.

The claimed method of the enclosing sides of the pit in water-saturated soils can be carried out as follows.

Axis fences future of the pit installs any known method of vertical load-bearing walling elements 1 in the earthen
array 5, and the sz�chenyi is, the depth and step of the installation elements 1 calculated taking into account the
need of perception of the load from the horizontal earth pressure on the fence. The stability of the whole structure
is provided by the depth of the bearing elements 1 in the soil below the pit bottom and resting on the supporting
elements 4. Then the contour of the bearing element 1 from the outside of the fence produce drilling wells and
installing them in columns for artificial freezing of the soil in the inter-element space. Installation step freezing
columns 2 count so that the cylinders of frozen soil, formed around the freezing columns 2, together with the
adjacent cylinders and fence elements 1, forming on the outer perimeter fence solid ledogorov the veil 3, which
will transmit the horizontal pressure from the soil outside on the supporting vertical members 1 and to prevent the
infiltration of groundwater and soil in the pit. To ensure sustainability of the fence ledogorov the veil in this case is
not involved, therefore, its thickness should not exceed the installation step bearing elements 1 (about 1 m). The
depth of the freezing column 2 prescribed in the General case of the need to achieve and sealing ledogorov of
the veil in the roof waterproof layer of soil. Make the inclusion process and the effective freezing of the soil and
creating an array of frozen ground 3 between the bearing elements 1. After the formation of ledogorov curtains
around the perimeter of the excavation perform excavation and installation during the excavation of the elements
of the reference system 4. Install items zabirki when this is excluded, as it becomes not necessary.

The method of enclosing sides of the pit in water-saturated soils, including the establishment of the perimeter of
the pit at least one row of vertical load-bearing walling elements, characterized in that the space between the
vertical load bearing non-load-bearing elements - pipes on the outside of the fence produce artificial ground
freezing by any known method, and the array of frozen soil in the inter-element space must collide with each
other and with the vertical load bearing non-load-bearing elements, and an artificial ground freezing is produced
prior to the excavation of the pit and continue to the end of the backfill of the pit.

Same patents:

Inspection well manhole // 2403343

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: manhole cover is formed by method of direct intrusion in a single stage and
represents a spatial structure of the main plate of manhole cover and additional plate of
lower diametre, combined with each other by means of radial stiffening ribs. In radial
stiffening ribs there is a locking system arranged from disk fixators and elastic elements designed so that
guaranteed locking force is maintained.

EFFECT: development of simple and reliable locking device, easier manufacturing, assembly and
maintenance, increased reliability of manholes.

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8/2/2020 Method for arrangement of pit sides barriers in saturated soils

2 cl, 2 dwg

Device for locking and unlocking of inspection well manhole cover // 2403342

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: device for locking and unlocking of inspection well manhole cover lock, for
instance of bayonet type, comprises mechanism of manhole cover grip, its turn for
disconnection with bayonet lock and lift. Mechanism of manhole cover grip is arranged in the
form of three-arm lever with central axis, arms of which are fixed movably around central axis, and at the free
ends there are hooks mounted for according slots in windows of manhole cover. At two arms, hooks in radial
direction are installed fixedly, in compliance with positions of windows on manhole cover, and the third arm is
arranged with the possibility of hook displacement in radial direction with the help of slider, until engaged with
slot of according cover window. After engagement, rigid fixation of movable hook position is carried out with
window slot by means of helical pair, providing for rigid fixation with manhole cover for all three hooks. All three
arms of grip mechanism are equipped with handles for convenience of cover rotation at a certain angle and its
disconnection with manhole lock and then its manual lifting. Contact surfaces of hooks and slots of manhole
cover windows have reciprocal surface. Arms around central axis are fixed hingedly with the possibility of
compact folding in process of transportation, and also device is equipped with a transportation handle.

EFFECT: increased reliability and simplification of manhole cover locking device design.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Structure out of composite material and procedure for its fabrication // 2393301

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to structure out of composite material. The structure consists
of plate (2) with upper side (2a), lower side (2b) and of at least the first and second beams
(3, 4). Also each beam consists of multitude of surfaces including at least upper surface (3c,
4c), support surface (3b, 4b) and also pair of side surfaces (3a, 4a) at a distance from each other. These side
surfaces are located between upper (3c, 4c) and support (3b, 4b) surfaces and adjoin them. Each beam (3, 4)
is secured to a lower side of plate (2) on uppers surface (3c, 4c). The first beam (3) has through opening (5)
passing between side surfaces (3a). The second beam (4) passes through opening (5).

EFFECT: modified structure and procedure.

20 cl, 8 dwg

Method for construction of underground structure // 2392388

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: method for construction of underground structure includes arrangement of foundation grill along
perimetre of planned pit and walls in soil with further working of pit. Wall in soil is piled, and in process of its
arrangement piles are driven into foundation grill by method of static squeezing of piles down to project
elevation, and additionally at least one underground tier of wall is erected, for this purpose soil is excavated
under foundation grill along driven piles, then reinforcement frame is installed, and underground tier of wall is
concreted, at the same time ratio of pit depth to driven part of piles must correspond to 0.30-0.36.

EFFECT: reduced labour intensiveness and material intensity in erection of underground structure, simplified
erection of underground structure in restricted conditions of dense urban development.

2 cl, 1 tbl, 3 dwg

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8/2/2020 Method for arrangement of pit sides barriers in saturated soils

Method for arrangement of shallow subway at water area bottom // 2386755

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to hydrotechnical construction, namely to technology for

installation of motor road tunnel or tunnel of other purpose under riverbed or under bottom of another shallow
water area. Method for erection of shallow subway at water area bottom includes using single facility without
bottom part with controlled floatability, delivery of this facility to track of tunnel arrangement, positioning and
fixation in area selected on it with the help of fixtures, leveling along horizon, arrangement of section closed in
plant at water area bottom by means of its space fencing initially with the help of caissons and then rabbets,
excavation of bottom soil from it with creation of bearing tunnel bed with installation of assembled or monolithic
sections of tunnel on it. After works have been completed inside fenced space, including ballasting of section
with soil, its fencing is dismantled, and single facility without bottom part with controlled floatability is displaced
to the next place in track of tunnel erection, and cycle is repeated. Single facility without bottom part with
controlled floatability is represented by self-lifting floating barge (SFB) with down portion in the middle, at which
fixtures are represented with even number of at least four submersible supports, which provide, when required,
lifting of SFB at height that eliminates effect of wave loads at SFB body, guides (T-bars) arranged vertically
along inner walls of down portion with the possibility of submersion into soil, and caissons arranged with the
possibility of interaction with guides by means of displacement along them in process of submersion and lift of
each caisson with the help of crane equipment included into SFB, and also rabbet arranged on SFB and with
the possibility of its submersion at inner side of caissons. Withdrawal of SFB to selected area in track of tunnel
erection is carried out by self-travelling and/or with the help of towboats. Positioning and fixation of SFB above
specified place in water area is carried out with the help of lowered supports, which are used to set height of
SFB over level of water area providing for required clearance in case of maximum increase of water level and
possible height of waves. Erection of section closed in plan at water area bottom by means of its space fencing
and erection of wall above it, which is produced from caissons alternately submerging them one onto another
along guides, which are arranged along inner walls of SFB down portion and tightly connecting them to each
other. Lower edge of initially submerged caisson is submerged in bottom of water area at the depth that
corresponds to upper surface of tunnel section arranged at the bottom of water area in place of SFB position
fixation, then inside this well a rabbet is deepened into bottom soil by value that exceeds height of tunnel
section. Border of soil excavation is formed, after excavation of soil from space fenced by rabbet, section of
tunnel is placed on it, after that space between section and rabbet is filled with sand, frame is mounted on
section and filled with ballasting material, and only then SFB is dismantled and SFB is transferred to new place
of tunnel erection.

EFFECT: reduced time for tunnel erection, reduced labour intensiveness, increased reliability of tunnel
arrangement.

4 dwg

Assembled water impermeable lining of tunnel and circular element for it // 2386754

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to the field of underground tunnels construction, in

particular header tunnels and tunnels of various size in watered medium, for instance for
faecal and storm water sewage. Provides for the possibility to mechanise and industrialise construction and
repair works and efficiency of its erection. For this purpose assembled lining is made of circular elements,
comprising reinforced concrete units of various configuration in plan, having two seals each at the ends along
units perimetre, and one of units is locking one. At the same time all units have water impermeable protective
lining on inner side of units and are reinforced with longitudinal and transverse elements, which create the first
reinforcing layer on surface of lining joint with unit concrete, the second reinforcing spatial frame in body of
units and the third reinforcing element arranged on embedded part for strapping. At the same time units in ring
are joined to each other by side ends with the help of the first joining devices, and annular elements are

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8/2/2020 Method for arrangement of pit sides barriers in saturated soils

connected to each other by means of front and back ends with the help of the second joining devices, and
joints of units in each ring are displaced relative to joints of units in other ring by an angle of 360/n, where n is
number of the second joining devices.

EFFECT: creation of assembled water impermeable lining of tunnel of closed profile providing for perception of
loads into construction and operation period and having desired strength, stability and durability under
conditions of permanent loads and durable actions of watered medium.

11 cl, 24 dwg

Reinforced metal block // 2385995

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: reinforced metal block is arranged in the form of metal sheet bent along
radius R with annular stiffening ribs protruding beyond its ends. Metal sheet has through holes with a specified
pitch for fixation of annular stiffening ribs and anchoring elements. Annular stiffening ribs are arranged in the
form of two or more canted diagonal rod trusses, which are connected by tops of lower belts with bolt joints to
metal sheet and to coupled longitudinal reinforcement bars, which are bent along radius R. As an additional
anchoring element they use reinforcement grid made of straight transverse longitudinal rods bent along radius
R+h, where h is distance of reinforcement grid from metal sheet. Longitudinal rods of grid, number of which is
equal to doubled number of trusses, and transverse rods of grid arranged with pitch that is equal to pitch of
upper truss assemblies are connected by means of tie wire to tops of upper belts in each truss. Lower
diaphragm of vertical stiffness is created by tops of lower belts in each rod truss joined to each other by means
of metal sheet and longitudinal reinforcement rods bent along radius R. Upper diaphragm of vertical stiffness is
created by tops of upper belts in each rod truss joined to each other and longitudinal reinforcement grid rods.
Upper and lower diaphragms of horizontal stiffness are accordingly formed by a metal sheet and transverse
rods of reinforcement grid, which are joined to tops of upper belt in each of rod trusses. Lengths of longitudinal
and transverse rods of reinforcement grid at one side of reinforcement metal block exceed accordingly length
and width of metal sheet by 15-30 diametres of rods, and tubular cartridges with length of 10-25 diametres of
rod either bent along radius R or straight are placed onto produced leads. Extreme braces of rod trusses are
extended by 15-30 diametres, produced leads are bent along radius R+h and are equipped at one side with
tubular cartridges bent along the same radius with length of 10-25 diametres of braces.

EFFECT: unified metal frame reinforcement metal block, expansion of reinforcement metal block application for
a wide range of structures and simplified technology of structure lining assembly.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Method for laying of pipeline under water obstacle // 2382927

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to construction, namely to technologies of trenchless laying of pipelines. In

method for laying of pipeline under water obstacle, including connection of boring head of microtunneling
complex with the first section of pipeline, drilling of well with boring head by length of boring head hydraulic
cylinders travel, pushing of pipeline by hydraulic cylinders of microtunneling complex by length of boring head
hydraulic cylinders travel, further serial growth of pipeline by sections, drilling of well and pushing of pipeline
each time by length of boring head hydraulic cylinders travel till exit of boring head to design point, according to
invention, pipeline is laid, axis of which represents a parabola, made of sections bent along axis by angle of up
to 6 degrees, at the same time drilling of well is carried out along radius of pipeline with the help of drilling head
made of two parts, every of which has possibility of rotation by axis by the angle of up to 3 degrees.

EFFECT: reduced costs and time for laying of pipeline.

2 cl, 2 dwg

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8/2/2020 Method for arrangement of pit sides barriers in saturated soils

Lining of underground structure from reinforced metal blocks // 2378456

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: lining of underground structure from reinforced metal blocks comprises

internal metal insulation with stiffening ribs and concrete. Reinforced metal blocks are made
in the form of rectangular parallelepipeds, which consists of metal sheet, working armature rods welded to it
with length by 20 mm less than length of metal sheet and stiffening ribs in the form of two or more diagonal
metal trusses, upper belt tops of which are located in the same plane, and armature lattice made of longitudinal
armature rods, with number equal to doubled number of trusses and cross armature rods with pitch equal to
pitch of truss diagonal, at the same time tops of upper belts of trusses serve as support elements for fixation of
armature lattice on them, and arranged so that metal sheet, welded working armature rods, diagonal trusses
and longitudinal rod armature of lattice fixed on tops of truss upper belts, create lower and upper diaphragms of
vertical rigidity of reinforced metal block, transverse armature of grid creates upper diaphragm of horizontal
rigidity, and metal sheet - its lower diaphragm. Length of longitudinal rods of lattice exceeds length of metal
sheet on each side by value 1, and created extensions of longitudinal rods are bent according to radius, equal
to distance between metal sheet and armature lattice h, and from one side at least half inserted into tubular
cartridges with length of 10-20 diametres of armature rods, which are bent in the form of knee along the same
radius as longitudinal armature rods, having holes in middle part of length for filling of fast-hardening cement-
sand solution and equipped with fastening bolts. Cross rods of armature lattice, length of which on each side is
equal to width of metal sheet, on one side at least half inserted into tubular straight cartridges, equipped with
fastening bolts and holes in a manner similar to bent cartridges. Exceeding of length of longitudinal rods of
lattice over length of metal sheet 1 is identified using given dependence.

EFFECT: improvement and unification of reinforced metal block for expansion of application field and
simplification of structure lining assembly technology.

Method for reinforcement and device for reinforcement of structure from

corrugated steel sheets // 2378455

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: method for reinforcement of structure from corrugated steel sheets with
application of shell located on surface of corrugated steel sheet, in which the following
stages are executed: stage of anchor bolt installation, in which hole is created for insertion
of anchor bolt on surface of corrugated steel sheet, and anchor bolt is installed in hole for
insertion of anchor bolt so that upper end of anchor bolt protrudes over surface of corrugated steel sheet by
specified height. Stage of armature rod installation, in which armature rod is fixed to anchor bolt, which
protrudes over surface of corrugated steel sheet, with application of wire sections. Stage of curb assembly, in
which curb is attached to anchor bolt with application of nut so that armature rod located over surface of
corrugated steel sheet is closed with this curb. Stage of concrete filling, in which concrete is filled inside curb
arranged on surface of corrugated steel sheet. Stage of curb dismantling, in which curb is removed after
concrete filled inside this curb hardens. Besides on stage of curb assembly, the following operations are carried
out: placement of seal between curb arranged on surface of corrugated steel sheet and mentioned surface of
corrugated steel sheet, and reinforcement of curb arranged on surface of corrugated steel sheet, using support
rod, at opposite ends of which there are areas with internal thread, onto which according fastening nuts are
screwed.

EFFECT: reduced labour intensiveness and material intensity of structure, increased reliability and strength of
structure.

2 cl, 8 dwg

Method and system for underwater pipeline tunnel assembling // 2244068

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8/2/2020 Method for arrangement of pit sides barriers in saturated soils

FIELD: hydraulic structures, particularly for laying underwater pipelines.

SUBSTANCE: method involves transporting pipeline tunnel sections by water to pipeline

laying site; submerging thereof; placing pipeline tunnel sections on underwater piers with the use of flexible
ties; sealing pipeline tunnel sections. Tunnel sections have nearly zero floatability. Pipeline tunnel sections are
submerged and put on piers by flexible ties. Then pipeline tunnel sections are pushed in docking unit of
previous submerged section with the use of submarine and sealed from inside and outside along with
connection of inner service lines. After finishing pipeline tunnel sections assemblage entry and exit tunnels are
secured to pipeline tunnel. System for underwater pipeline tunnel sections assembling includes underwater
pipeline tunnel mounted on underwater piers and formed of separate sections having design lengths. Pipeline
tunnel sections are divided into two chambers by horizontal partition. Transport path is arranged in upper
chamber. Lower section is divided into several cavities by air-tight partitions for laying inner pipelines.
Underwater pipeline tunnel sections are formed of two thick-walled shells of steel plates or titanium alloy.
Longitudinal partitions are mounted between shells and secured along perimeter thereof. Longitudinal
partitions serve as pipelines and stiffening ribs. Pipeline tunnel sections are laid on underwater permanent and
temporary piers. Upper pier parts have bases of semicircular or parabolic shape. Pier part dimensions exceed
that of pipeline tunnel sections.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of pipeline laying and maintenance during multi-purpose usage thereof.

5 cl, 6 dwg

Cover for manhole shaft // 2244069

FIELD: municipal engineering, particularly covers for manholes of different underground

pipelines.

SUBSTANCE: cover comprises base, fixed rests and sliding rest located diametrically
opposite to fixed rests and having stop and locking device. Fixed and sliding rests are arranged on cover base
from support surface side. Movable rest is made as flat cam member with stop groove and key orifices. Cam
member has central key orifice corresponding to key orifice formed in cover base. Locking device is made as
rotary plate performing rotation around its axis and having short and long shoulders. Rotary plate includes
counterweight and stop member arranged on long shoulder from opposite axis sides. Stop member may
cooperate with flat cam member groove. Short shoulder may close central key orifice made in cam member
when stop member is arranged in cam member groove.

EFFECT: increased locking reliability.

2 cl, 9 dwg

Cover for manhole shaft // 2244069

FIELD: municipal engineering, particularly covers for manholes of different underground

pipelines.

SUBSTANCE: cover comprises base, fixed rests and sliding rest located diametrically
opposite to fixed rests and having stop and locking device. Fixed and sliding rests are
arranged on cover base from support surface side. Movable rest is made as flat cam member with stop groove
and key orifices. Cam member has central key orifice corresponding to key orifice formed in cover base.
Locking device is made as rotary plate performing rotation around its axis and having short and long shoulders.
Rotary plate includes counterweight and stop member arranged on long shoulder from opposite axis sides.
Stop member may cooperate with flat cam member groove. Short shoulder may close central key orifice made
in cam member when stop member is arranged in cam member groove.

EFFECT: increased locking reliability.

2 cl, 9 dwg
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8/2/2020 Method for arrangement of pit sides barriers in saturated soils

Method of underground structure erection // 2245427

FIELD: building, particularly erection of all-purpose underground structures having deep

foundation pit of irregular shape.

SUBSTANCE: method involves building enclosing walls, two-stage foundation pit

excavation, wherein the first stage includes anchoring of enclosing walls with cross-pieces; and assembling
frame. Additionally installed within contour defined by enclosing walls is sheet-pile enclosure. Cross-pieces are
arranged between enclosing walls and sheet-pile enclosure. The first stage of foundation pit excavation is
performed in thrust support between enclosing walls and sheet-pile enclosure and then contour frame
members are mounted in developed pit area. The second stage of foundation pit excavation includes
developing inner pit part after which frame erection is completed.

EFFECT: improved structure stability, reduced labor inputs, material consumption and increased reliability.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Method of tunnel type poured-in-place structure concreting in enlarged blocks with

step-in-step structure component erection in top-bottom direction // 2246588

FIELD: building, particularly underground or underwater structures.

SUBSTANCE: method involves building foundation; heating thereof before pouring concrete
mix and performing concreting cast-in-place blocks by pouring concrete mix having different
temperature along structure height; vibrating concrete mix; covering structure surfaces not enclosed by form
with water-impermeable and heat-insulating material and curing thereof in form up to obtaining necessary
concrete strength. Foundation is formed of piles arranged along tunnel wall axes. Foundation is heated up to 5
- 20oC. Concreting of members supported by wall piles is performed by filling form with concrete mix under
temperature of 20 - 30oC up to level located at height exceeding height of wall component with 4 m-1 surface
modulus by 500 mm. Remaining wall and floor structure parts are filled with reinforced concrete mix under 10 -
20oC temperature. Concrete of outer pile foundation area having 600 - 800 mm height measured from contact
line with concrete mix is heated up to obtaining 0.28 - 0.3 R28 concrete strength. Form material and covering
material have thermal resistance of 0.2 - 0.3 (m2·deg)/W. Form for forming wall components having 4 m-1
surface modulus are coated starting from bottom by material having thermal resistance of 0.2 - 0.5 (m2·deg)/W
to improve warmth-keeping thereof. Height of form to be covered and concreting block height are determined
from given formulae.

EFFECT: improved crack-resistance; increased erection rate due to increasing admissible dimensions of
blocks to be concreted.

3 dwg, 1 ex

Anti-landslide structure // 2246589

FIELD: building, particularly for slope consolidation and for stabilizing deep front landslide
areas.

SUBSTANCE: structure includes foundation mat and piles formed in wells grouped in rows. Upper pile parts
are embedded in foundation mat, lower one is restrained by not-sliding ground layers. Piles are composite
along their lengths. Central pile parts are not filled with concrete. Heights of upper and lower pile parts
decrease towards landslide head. Structure to prevent deep front land-slides comprises separate local pile
groups connected by foundation mats and located within landslide body boundaries. Each foundation mat has

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tension bars anchored in stable slope layers and arranged under and above foundation mat along slope to
retain thereof against displacement and rotation.

EFFECT: improved slope stability, increased operational reliability of structure built on wide landslides, reduced
building time and material consumption.

2 dwg

Building method for pipeline including minitunnel // 2250961

FIELD: building, namely underground structure erection, particularly for building

multipurpose pipelines under acting roads without traffic interruption and in difficult mining
and geological conditions and in presence of watered tunnel base ground.

SUBSTANCE: method involves forming minitunnel by successive driving hollow reinforced concrete sections in
ground and/or embankment along with simultaneous supplying thixotropic mix; connecting above sections one
to another and to neighboring pipeline sections during driving thereof. Pipeline sections have opened end
parts. One end part has annular grove opened from section end for receiving metal shell extending out of the
section end and having thickness of not more than groove depth. Shell and end section part form stepped
funnel. The second section end part tapers in stepwise manner to end thereof to form bush part having one
step for shell of neighboring section receiving. The second section end part is provided at least with one step
for gasket. Gasket is made of pliable sealing gas-and waterproof material and bearing against step surface by
one gasket side and against inner shell surface by another side thereof. Steps of bush part are formed within
half of thickness of section wall facing outwards, wherein neighboring sections are located so that gaps are
formed between ends thereof. Compression ring and additional gasket abutting compression ring are installed
in above gap. Additional gasket is made of pliable gas- and waterproof material and bears against inner shell
surface by outer ring side and to neighboring section ends by end surface thereof. Length of bush part exceeds
that of adjoining part of metal shell. End parts of pipeline sections adjacent to minitunnel mate neighboring end
parts of minitunnel or adapter and/or inserted sections are used for pipeline and minitunnel connection.
Pipeline is connected to minitunnel after driving the last pipeline section.

EFFECT: reduced material consumption, labor inputs and time required for pipeline laying; increased service
life and economy.

8 cl, 16 dwg

Tunnel // 2250962

FIELD: building, particularly underground structures erected in difficult mining and geological
conditions, namely in soft watered ground bedded under tunnel scoop and forming tunnel base.

SUBSTANCE: tunnel has composite lining including hollow metal members driven in ground and forming
screen, load-bearing frames and grouting concrete. Metal members are connected one to another through
interlocks. At least some of metal members have rigidity varying along length thereof and increasing in
direction opposite to metal member driving direction. Metal members have constant outer diameters.

EFFECT: increased tunnel reliability and operational safety due to prevention of original ground deformation
during tunnel building and operation; reduced ground settlement at base of tunnel built under motor road
without traffic interruption, reduced building time, power and labor inputs, material consumption due to optimal
material distribution along driven member in accordance with load distribution among member parts.

24 cl, 11 dwg

Disassembling system for thoroughfare tunnel // 2250963

FIELD: building, particularly disassembling means.

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8/2/2020 Method for arrangement of pit sides barriers in saturated soils

SUBSTANCE: system comprises disassembling cavity formed by cut-and-cover method and

including a tray, transversal end solid walls including rear and front ones and longitudinal
side solid walls. End walls have windows. Side walls have outer metal isolation formed of
dividers and matched panels. Dividers form anti-filtering screen and have interlocks.
Matched panels are conjoined with tray waterproofing means with forming watertight shell.
Walls consist of monolithic inner reinforced concrete part, anti-filtering screen and outer protective concrete
layer in wall thickness. All above components form a single structure. Outer protective layer fills depressions in
dividers and matched panels. Each matched panel includes at least two elongated members having closed
cross-section outline and connected one to another with at least one part secured in air-tight manner to
members to be connected. The part extends along medium longitudinal panel plane or is parallel thereto and is
continuous in length. Fixedly secured to members to be connected are additional connectors intermittently
extending along panel length and located in longitudinal planes parallel to medium longitudinal panel plane and
displaced in both directions from above plane for 0.1R - 1.0R distance, where R is distance from medium
longitudinal panel plane to outermost point on panel surface measured in panel cross-section. Rear transversal
wall of disassembling chamber is arranged in area of closed tunnel part abutment to chamber. Tunnel end part
abutting disassembling chamber is located in concrete body previously built in ground. Concrete body has
strength of 15-35% of that of end tunnel part lining. Concrete body length is not less than 1/3 of disassembling
chamber length.

EFFECT: increased structure strength by cooperation of disassembling system and closed tunnel part built into
soft ground including watered ground, possibility of optimal material distribution in correspondence with load on
tunnel parts, increased strength in tunnel end part, providing of tunneling machine accurate and stable position
in disassembling tunnel chamber, prevention of deformation in above tunnel part and as result prevention of
deformation of buildings and installations located near tunnel building site.

22 cl, 24 dwg

L-shaped retaining wall // 2250964

FIELD: building, particularly engineering structures adapted for protection of linear and
separate installations, including motor roads and railroads, against rock sliding, rock
sloughing and mudflows.

SUBSTANCE: retaining wall includes relaxation device, face and foundation slabs rigidly
secured one to another. Foundation slab is anchored in foundation ground. Relaxation device is formed of
reinforced concrete slabs arranged in two longitudinal rows and secured to face slab by springs with variable
spring force so that reinforced concrete slabs extend at different angles to horizon line. Low row slabs have
lesser angle of inclination. Face slab and low slab row are provided with through slots. Foundation plate has
cylindrical base and connected to inclined anchor by means of damping device.

EFFECT: reduced building time and operational costs for accumulating cavity cleaning, reduced labor inputs.

2 dwg

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