Math Review-Part 2

REVIEW MASTERS LEAGUE, INC.
MATH REVIEW
©2010
39 | P a g e
UPCAT Review – Math Review 2
Downloadable e-Book
TM
Copyright © 2011 Review Masters .
REVIEW MASTERS, upcatreview.com, Online UPCAT Review and other related

indicia are trademarks of KB Tutorial and Consulting Corp.
All rights reserved worldwide
This book cannot be redistributed without permission from KB Tutorial and Consulting Corp.
More info at: http://www.upcatreview.com
For INFO and UPDATES, check out upcatreview.com, the official

website of Review Masters and the Online UPCAT Review®
Keep updated about UPCAT materials, reviewers, tips and news

TM
Copyright © 2011 Review Masters - http://www.upcatreview.com
PREFACE
Believe That You Can Pass the UPCAT!
by Leopold Laset
Do you sometimes find it hard to believe that your dream to pass the UPCAT can become a reality? If so, then there is
something very important that you need to know.
UPCAT is for dreamers like you.
Every student who passed the UPCAT began thinking or dreaming of passing the UPCAT.
Your near-perfect or perfect score in a quarterly test, your cellphone, PSP, or any gadget, your out-of-town (or out-of-
country) vacation, your new pair of shoes, and any other stuff that you desired and now possess - are all the result of your
‘dream come true’.
What this means is that throughout your lifetime, you have had an idea, you have desired for many things and worked
hard for them, overcome problems and ultimately transformed your dream into reality.
And if hundreds and thousands of students have been able to pass the UPCAT in the past, by starting with a dream, then
it stands to reason, that you can do it too.
Often we make the mistake of thinking that UPCAT is for a small number of bright students who have the brains and
intelligence that we don’t possess.
But this is simply not true.
The fact that thousands of average students have brought their dreams of passing the UPCAT to fruition in the past
demonstrates that the opportunity to qualify in the UPCAT is something that is available to each UPCAT aspirant –
average or bright.
Right now, hundreds of UPCAT dreamers are taking the steps necessary to achieve the goals of passing the UPCAT.
Some are studying this early, some are joining community of fellow dreamers, and some are attending review classes.
What is it that you need to do?
In order to achieve your goal of passing the UPCAT, the only things you really need are:
(1) A crystal clear picture that you already passed the UPCAT
(2) An unshakeable determination to do whatever it takes to make your dream of passing the UPCAT a reality
As soon as you take these two steps, passing the UPCAT becomes achievable. If you need a help – you look for it. If you
encounter a difficult concept – you find a way to understand it. If you can’t solve a math problem – you try and try and
practice more.
And gradually, step-by-step, you bring your UPCAT dream into reality to join the dreams of the thousands of UPCAT
dreamers who have gone before you.
So today I’d like to encourage you to believe in yourself and appreciate the fact that you live in a world where ‘dreams do
come true’.
Understand that thousands of students have made their UPCAT dream a reality in the past – Thousands more will make
their UPCAT dream a reality in the near future and you CAN be one of them.
REVIEW MASTERSTM MATH REVIEW
©2011 www.upcatreview.com
TABLE OF CONTENTS
page
REVIEW TEST
CHAPTER 1. Functions --------------------- 42

CHAPTER 2. Polynomial Functions --------------------- 43
CHAPTER 3. Exponential Functions --------------------- 44
CHAPTER 4. Logarithmic Functions --------------------- 45
CHAPTER 5. Systems --------------------- 46
CHAPTER 6. Matrices and Determinants --------------------- 47
CHAPTER 7. Arithmetic Sequence and Series --------------------- 48
CHAPTER 8. Geometric Sequence and Series --------------------- 49
CHAPTER 9. Basic Counting Principle --------------------- 50
CHAPTER 10. Probability --------------------- 51
SOLUTIONS AND EXPLANATIONS
CHAPTER 1. Functions --------------------- 53

CHAPTER 2. Polynomial Functions --------------------- 56
CHAPTER 3. Exponential Functions --------------------- 59
CHAPTER 4. Logarithmic Functions --------------------- 61
CHAPTER 5. Systems --------------------- 63
CHAPTER 6. Matrices and Determinants --------------------- 66
CHAPTER 7. Arithmetic Sequence and Series --------------------- 68
CHAPTER 8. Geometric Sequence and Series --------------------- 70
CHAPTER 9. Basic Counting Principle --------------------- 72
CHAPTER 10. Probability --------------------- 74
40 | P a g e
PLEASE DETACH ALONG PERFORATION
ANSWER SHEET – ALGEBRA 2
Correct Filling A B C D
A B C D A B C D
A B C D A B C D
Incorrect Filling
A B C D A B C D
A B C D
Please use No. 2 Pencil
A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D
41 | P a g e
CHAPTER 1: Functions
x 1
1. Find the domain of the following rational function: f(x) = .
x2
A. {xx  –2} B. {xx  –1} C. {xx  1} D. {xx  2}
x 1
2. Find the range of the following rational function: f(x) = .
x2
A. {yy  –2} B. {yy  –1} C. {yy  1} D. {yy  2}
When f(x) = -2x + 3, g(x) = x – 3, x  R, find g(x) – f(x).

2
3.
2 2 2 2
A. x + 2x – 6 B. x – 2x C. x – 2x + 6 D. x + 2x
-1
4. Find an expression for f (x) if f(x) = -2x + 3.
A. B. C. − + 3 D. −3
When f(x) = 3x –2x +1, x  R, find f(x+1).

2
5.
2 2 2 2
A. x +3 B. 3x – 2x + 6 C. 3x + 4x + 2 D. 3x –2x + 2
6. When f(x) = 2x + 5 and g(x) = , x  R, find (g  f)(x).
A. B. C. D. +
7. Let f be the function specified by following table. Find f(1) – f(-2)
x -2 -1 0 1 2
f(x) 6 3 2 3 6
A. -3 B. 3 C. 9 D. 14
8. Which of the following is not a graph of a function?
A. B. C. D.
When f(x) = 2x + 5 and g(x) = x + 1, x R, find (f  g)(0).

2
9.
A. 1 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7
-1
10. If f(x) = , which of the following points is located on the graph of f (x)?
A. (-4, 3) B. (-1, 2) C. (2, -1) D. (8, 1)

42 | P a g e
CHAPTER 2: Polynomial Functions

3 2
11. The zeros of the polynomial function x –5x –x + 5 are:
A. -5, -1 and 1 B. 5, -1, and -5 C. 5, 1, and -5 D. 5, 1 and -1
4 2
12. What is the remainder when f(x) = 4x – 5x +2x – 5 is divided by x – 1?
A. -4 B. -8 C. 4 D. 8
3 2
13 . If x -x – 9x +9 = 0, which of the following is not a root of the equation?
A. -3 B. 1 C. 3 D. 9
14. Which of the following polynomial function having zeros 1 of multiplicity 2 and –2 and such that f(0) = 6?
2
A. f(x) = 2(x–1)(x+2) + 6 C. f(x) = 3(x–1) (x+2)
B. f(x) = (x–1)((x–2) + 6 D. f(x) = 3(x+1)(x–2)
15. Which of the following polynomial function has a degree of 6?
3 2 2 2 6
A. f(x) = (x+2) (2x+1) (4x–1) C. f(x) = (x –5) (x –1)(5x+1)
6 5 2 3 2 6
B. f(x) = (x–3) (x+1) (x+6) D. f(x) = (x +4)(2x –1) (x )
4 3 2
16. Which of the following is not a possible natural root of 2x –5x +21x +9x–3 = 0?
A. ±3 B. ±1 C. ±1/2 D. ±2/3
3 2
17. What is the quotient when f(x) = x – x –10x - 8 is divided by x –1?
3 2 2
A. x -2x –12x – 6/(x–1) C. x –10x+8/(x–1)
2 2
B. x –10 – 18/(x–1) D. x –2x –12 – 10/(x-1)
18. The first polynomial is a factor of the second polynomial in all of the following except _____.
3 2 3 2
A. x–3; x +x –9x–9 C. x+1; x + x +x+1
3 3 2
B. x+4; x –12x +16 D. x–1; x +5x –6x –2
3 2
19. By the remainder theorem, if f(x) = x +3x –x–5, the following are true except _____.
A. f(3) = 46 B. f(-2)= 1 C. f(-3) = 2 D. f(4) = 103
20. Find the horizontal and vertical asymptotes of the equation of the equation y= .
A. x =1/3 and y=3/2 C. x =2/3 and y= -2

B. x =1/3 and y=2/3 D. x= 3/2 and y = 0
43 | P a g e
CHAPTER 3: Exponential Functions
21. in exponential form is _____.
2 2/3 2/3 2/3

A. 2y B. 2(2y) C. (2y) D. 32 y
-3.5
22. Evaluate: 4
A. 14 B. 1/18 C. 17 D. 1/128
23. Simplify and express answer in exponential form: √ √
10/9 2/9 6/27 6/11

A. x B. x C. x D. x
3/5
24. Evaluate : (-32)
A. -2 B. -4 C. -6 D. -8
25. Evaluate: √
A. 2 √2 B. √2 C. √16 D. √256
x
26. Solve for x: 32 = 4
A. 1/8 B. 2/5 C. 5/2 D. 8
2x-2 2x+5
27. Solve for x: 5 = 25
A. -7 B. -6 C. 0 D. 3
2x+1 x+2
28. Solve for x: 9 = 27
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
29. Solve for x: =
A. -8 B. -2 C. 2 D. 8
30. Solve for x: =
A. 3, 1 B. 3, -1 C. -3, 1 D. -3, -1
44 | P a g e
CHAPTER 4: Logarithmic Functions
31. The equation = express in exponential form is _____.
n b m n
A. m = b B. m = n C. b = n D. b = m
/
32. The equation = √ express in logarithmic form is ____.
A. √ 5= B. √ =5 C. 5√5 = 5 D. 5√5 =
33. Evaluate: √
A. √7 B. 3/2 C. 2 D. 3
34. Evaluate:
A. 0.25 B. 0.75 C. 1.25 D. 2.00
35. Solve for x: = +
A. -1 B. -3 C. -5 D. -9
x x+1
36. Solve for x: 4 + 2 – 24 = 0
A. -6 B. -3 C. 2 D. 4
For numbers 37 and 38: Given: log5 2 = 0.4 log5 3 = 0.7
37. What is the value of log 5 9/4 ?
A. 0.3 B. 0.6 C. 0.9 D. 1.1
38. What is the value of log 5 √ ?
A. 0.30 B. 0.55 C. 0.90 D. 1.10
39. Which of the following is false?
A. 4 =2 C. ( + 3) = 5[ + 3]
B. 5= 5÷ 3 D. = [ ]
( )
40. Solve for x: =
( )
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3
45 | P a g e
CHAPTER 5: Systems
For numbers 41-43: Refer to the following graphs of systems of equation and the choices.
I II III
A. I only B. II only C. III only D. I and II
41. The system is consistent and the equation are independent.

42. The system is inconsistent.
43. The equations are dependent.
x = 5 – 2y
44. Which of the following is the solution of the system ?
2x + 4y = 6
A. (1, 2) B. (11, -3) C. (10, 0) D. no solution
4 x  13 y  8
3
1
2 x  34 y   52
A. (2, 3) B. (1, 20) C. (3, -28) D. (1, -4)
x  13 y  y  2
1
4 x y  x y
A. (-1, 3/2) B. (0, 3) C. (1, 9/2) D. (3, -2)
x + y = -1
47. Which of the following is the solution of the system y + z = 4 ?
x+z=1
A. (1, -2, 6) B. (-1, 0, 4) C. (-2, 1, 3) D. (0, -1, 3)
48. Danica has twice as many P1 coin as P5 coin in her purse. If the total amount of her P1 and P5 coins is
P21. How many of each type of coin does she have?
A. Two P5 coins and eleven P1 coins C. Four P5 coins and two P1 coins
B. Three P5 coins and six P1coins D. Five P5 coins and one P1 coin
3y = 2x
49. What value of m will make the system 6y - m – 4x = 0 , a dependent equation?
A. 0 B. 2 C. 3 D. -4
<2 −5
≥− −
A. B. C. D.
46 | P a g e
CHAPTER 6: Matrices and Determinants
For numbers 51-53:

4 6 5 2 15
= [3 4 7] = 2 −3 −7 = [−2 0 5] = −4 = 10
1 0 9 5 −5
51. Which of the following is the sum of the row matrices?

A. [5 4 12] B. [1 4 2] C. [−5 4 2] D. [1 4 12]
52. Solve: 3D – E
−9 21 17 −21
A. −22 B. −2 C. 6 D. −22
20 10 8 10
53. Find the difference of matrix A and the additive inverse of Matrix C.
A. [5 4 2] B. [5 4 12] C. [1 4 12] D. [1 4 2]
54. Find the value of x and y: x[3 5] + y[4 -2] = 2[-5 9]
A. x= 3, y = 4 B. x = 5, y = -2 C. x = -5, y = 3 D. x = 2, y = -4
− − −
55. Find the value of x and y: −− = − −
−
A. x = -1, y = 1 B. x = -1, y = -1 C. x =1, y = -1 D. x = 1, y = 1
−
56. Find the value of the determinant:
A. 120 B. 22 C. 6 D. -2
57. Find the value of x: =−

−
A. 6 B. -5 C. -4 D. -14
58. The product of AB if = and = is _____.

− −
2 3 −5 6
A. B. C. D.
1 10 13 −2
−
59. The inverse of the matrix is _____?
−
−2 3 −1 2 3 −2
A. B. C. D.
1 −1 1 −3 −1 1
−
60. Find the value of the determinant: −
− −
A. -3 B. -1 C. 6 D. 12
47 | P a g e
CHAPTER 7: Arithmetic Sequence and Series
61. What is the next term in the sequence: 4, 7, 10, 13, ____?
A. 15 B. 16 C. 17 D. 18
62. The first three terms of a sequence is -1, 4, 9… What is the 14th term of the sequence?
A. 64 B. 69 C. 74 D. 79
63. The first three terms of a sequence are -3, 1, 5 … if the last term is 101. How many terms are there in the
sequence?
A. 24 B. 25 C. 26 D. 27
64. Which of the following sequence has a general term 4n – 3?
A.. -3, 4, 11, 18 … B. -3, 1, 5, 9… C. 1, 5, 9, 13 … D. 5, 9 13, 18 …
65. The first and the third term of an arithmetic sequence is 10 and 4 respectively. What is the sum of the first
ten terms, s10 of the sequence?
A. -17 B. -18 C. -25 D. -35
66. What is the general term of an arithmetic sequence whose first three terms are 3, 9, 15 …
A. 6n + 3 B. 6n – 3 C. 3(2n +3) D. 3(2n – 3)
67. The fourth and eight term of an arithmetic sequence is 27 and 51 respectively. What is the sixth term of
the sequence?
A. 39 B. 41 C. 43 D. 45
68. How many multiples of 4 is between 10 and 950?
A. 225 B. 235 C. 250 D. 500
69. Find the sum of all odd integers between 1 and 99?
A. 2200 B. 2300 C. 2400 D. 2500
70. Evaluate: ∑ ( + )
A. 91 B. 95 C. 99 D. 103
48 | P a g e
CHAPTER 8: Geometric Sequence and Series
71. Find the 10th term of the sequence 32, -16, 8, -4, … .
A. -1/2 B. -1/4 C. -1/8 D. -1/16
72. Find the 6th term of a geometric sequence if the first term, a 1 is 27 and the common ratio, r is 1/3.
A. 1/9 B. 1/3 C. 3 D. 9
73. Which of the following is the mean proportional (single geometric mean) between 8 and 32?
A. 12 B. 16 C. 24 D. 28
74. What is the sum of the first six terms of the sequence 8, -4, 2, -1 ?
A. 18 ¾ B. 18 ¼ C. 5 ¼ D. 5 ¾
75. What is the general term of the sequence having 3, -6, 12, … as its first three terms?
n n-1
A. 3(-2) B. ( ) C. ( ) D. 3(-2)
76. Find the first term of a geometric series if the sum up to the eight term, s 8 is 1020 and the common ratio, r
is 2.
A. 1 B. 2 C. 4 D. 8
77. Find the sum up to the seventh term, s 7 of the geometric series having 2 as its first term, a 1 and 1458 as
its last term with a common ratio, r, which is equal to 3.
A. 2186 B. 2556 C. 2916 D. 3286
78. What is the sum of the infinite geometric series 1, -1/3, 1/9, ….
A. 1/3 B. ½ C. 2/3 D. 3/4
79. Evaluate: ∑
A. 12 B. 4 C. 3 D. 3/4
80. A ball bounces from the ground 27 cm into the air. Each time it bounces, it rises 1/3 the height of the
previous bounce. How far will the ball travel if it continues until it comes to rest.
A. 81cm B. 67.5 cm C. 54 cm D. 40.5 cm
49 | P a g e
CHAPTER 9: Basic Counting Principle
! !
81. What is the value of !
?
A. 119 B. 120 C. 719 D. 720
82. Evaluate: 5P2

A. 120 B. 60 C. 20 D. 10
83. Evaluate: 5C2

A. 120 B. 60 C. 20 D. 10
84. How many three digit numbers can be formed from the integers 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 if the number
is even and repetition is not allowed?
A. 120 B. 90 C. 75 D. 60
85. How many 4 digit zip code may be formed if the first digit can’t be a zero and the last digit is an
odd number.
A. 45102 B. 14102 C. 9103 D. 104
86. A company wants to hire five women and 3 men. In how many ways can the choice be made if
seven women and three men are available?
A. 10 B. 21 C. 35 D. 63
87. In how many ways can the letters in the word “REVIEW” be arranged?
A. 15 B. 30 C. 120 D. 360
88. Find the number of ways in which three of 10 participating contestants be ranked first, second
and third.
A. 140 B. 240 C. 520 D. 720
89. In how many ways can seven students be seated at a round table if two of them must sit next to
each other?
A. 10 B. 20 C. 240 D. 1040
90. In how many ways can five different gifts be given among two girls and one boy if the two girls
received 2 gifts and 1 gift for the boy?
A. 10 B. 20 C. 30 D. 120
50 | P a g e
CHAPTER 10: Probability
91. What is the probability that a card drawn from an ordinary deck of 52 cards is a face card?
A. ¼ B. 1/13 C. 3/13 D. 4/13
92. A two digit number is chosen randomly. What is the probability that it is divisible by 9?
A. 1/10 B. 1/9 C. 9/45 D. 4/50
93. A bag contains 3 red balls, 5 green balls and 4 blue balls. The probability of not getting a blue
ball in the first draw is _____.
A. 0 B. 1/3 C. 2/3 D. 1
94. Danny and Ricky each throw two dice. If Danny get a sum of 5, what is the probability that Ricky
will get less?
A. 1/6 B. 2/9 C. 2/3 D. 4/9
95. From a box containing 4 green marbles and 3 blue marbles, two marbles are drawn one at a time
at random. The probability that both are blue is _____.
A. 1/7 B. 3/14 C. 6/49 D. 9/49
96. In the problem above, find the probability that one is green and one is blue.
A. 4/7 B. 2/7 C. 12/49 D. 24/49
97. In the problem in #95, find the probability that all are the same color.
A. 2/7 B. 3/7 C. 2/49 D. 3/49
98. If five coins are tossed simultaneously, find the probability that they will have 3 heads
A. 1/16 B. 3/32 C. 5/16 D. 5/32
99. The probability of getting a passing mark in an examination is 2/3. If 3 students are selected at
random, what is the probability that at least one of them will get a passing mark?
A. 1/27 B. 8/27 C. 19/27 D. 26/27
100. A card is chosen from a deck of playing cards. What is the probability that it is either black or a
face card?
A. 8/13 B. 10/13 C. 8/15 D. 19/26
51 | P a g e
Solutions and
Explanations
52 | P a g e
CHAPTER 1: Functions
x 1
1. Find the domain of the following rational function: f(x) = .
x2
A. {xx  –2} B. {xx  –1} C. {xx  1} D. {xx  2}
The domain of a rational function is the set of all real numbers such that the denominator would not be equal
to zero. Thus, for
( )= 
x–20 or x2 The answer is D.
x 1
2. Find the range of the following rational function: f(x) = .
x2
A. {yy  –2} B. {yy  –1} C. {yy  1} D. {yy  2}
First, let’s solve for x in terms of y:
( )=  =  − = +  − = +  ( − )= + 
=
The denominator on the right side is y – 1. Since y – 1  0  y 1. The answer is C.
When f(x) = -2x + 3, g(x) = x – 3, x  R, find g(x) – f(x).

2
3.
A. x2 + 2x – 6 B. x2 – 2x C. x2 – 2x + 6 D. x2 + 2x
We simply subtract f(x) from g(x):
( )− ( )= − − (− + )
= x2 – 3 + 2x – 6 or x2 + 2x – 6 The answer is A.
-1
4. Find an expression for f (x) if f(x) = -2x + 3.
A. B. C. − + 3 D. −3
We first solve x in terms of y:
( )= − + =
 y = -2x + 3  2x = -y + 3 
= ( )=
Replace x by y and y by x: or The answer is B.
53 | P a g e
When f(x) = 3x –2x +1, x  R, find f(x+1).

2
5.
2 2 2 2
A. x +3 B. 3x – 2x + 6 C. 3x + 4x + 2 D. 3x –2x + 2
( + )= ( + ) − ( + )+
Replace x in f(x) by x + 1:
= 3(x2 + 2x + 1) – 2x – 2 + 1 = 3x2 + 6x + 3 – 2x – 2 + 1
or 3x2 + 4x + 2 The answer is C.
6. When f(x) = 2x + 5 and g(x) = , x  R, find (g  f)(x).
A. B. C. D. +
( o f)( ) = ( ) = ( + ) = =
The answer is A.
7. Let f be the function specified by following table. Find f(1) – f(-2)
x -2 -1 0 1 2
f(x) 6 3 2 3 6
A. -3 B. 3 C. 9 D. 14
( )= (− ) = ( ) = − (− ) = − = -3
From the table, Thus, The answer is A.
8. Which of the following is not a graph of a function?
A. B. C. D.
Vertical Line Test
A test use to determine if a relation is a function.

A relation is a function if there are no vertical lines that intersect
the graph at more than one point.
Only letter B does NOT satisfy the Vertical Line Test. The answer is B.
When f(x) = 2x + 5 and g(x) = x + 1, x R, find (f  g)(0).

2
9.
A. 1 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7
( o g)( ) = ( ) = (( ) + ) = ( ) = ( ) + =
The answer is D.
54 | P a g e
-1
10. If f(x) = , which of the following points is located on the graph of f (x)?
A. (-4, 3) B. (-1, 2) C. (2, -1) D. (8, 1)
( )=  =  = −  = +
We first solve x in terms of y:
= + ( )= +
Replace x by y and y by x: or
Let’s see if which among the choices satisfies the equation:
A. (-4, 3) means x = -4 and y = 3:

y = 3x + 5?
3 = 3(-4) + 5? No!
B. (-1, 2) means x = -1 and y = 2

y = 3x + 5?
2 = 3(-1) + 5? Yes!
Try also C and D and you’ll find that they do not satisfy the equation. The answer is B.
ALGEBRA TIP: Studying math for 3 hours on one night is not as effective as studying for 1 hour on each of three nights.
Either way the total is 3 hours of studying. Why is the second method better for your memory?
The answer is time. Your brain needs time between learning sessions to continue to process the information
subconsciously. This is why cramming the night before a math test doesn’t work. The best learning, and remembering,
happens when you study every day, rather than once or twice a week.
55 | P a g e
CHAPTER 2: Polynomial Functions
3 2
11. The zeros of the polynomial function x –5x –x + 5 are:
A. -5, -1 and 1 B. 5, -1, and -5 C. 5, 1, and -5 D. 5, 1 and -1
x3 – 5x2 – x + 5
= (x3 – 5x2) – (x – 5) Regroup  x2(x – 5) – (x – 5) Factor out x 2
 (x – 5)(x2 – 1) Factor out x – 5  (x – 5)(x + 1)(x – 1) Factor x2 – 1
Zeros: x = 5, x = -1, x = 1 or 5, 1, and -1 The answer is D.
4 2
12. What is the remainder when f(x) = 4x – 5x +2x – 5 is divided by x – 1?
A. -4 B. -8 C. 4 D. 8
According to the Remainder theorem: If a polynomial function f(x) is divided by x – c, the remainder is f(c).
Thus if f(x) = 4x4 – 5x2 +2x – 5 is divided by x – 1, the remainder is: f(1) = 4(1)4 – 5(1)2 +2(1) – 5
= 4 – 5 + 2 – 5 = -4
The answer is A.
3 2
13 . If x -x – 9x +9 = 0, which of the following is not a root of the equation?
A. -3 B. 1 C. 3 D. 9
x3 -x2 – 9x +9 = 0
 (x3 -x2) – (9x – 9) = 0 Regroup  x2(x – 1) – 9(x – 1) = 0 Factor out x2 and 9

 (x – 1)(x – 9) = 0
2
Factor out x – 1  (x – 1)(x + 3)(x – 3) Factor x2 – 9
Roots: x = 1, x = -3. x = 3 Therefore, the answer is D. 9.
14. Which of the following polynomial function having zeros 1 of multiplicity 2 and –2 and such that f(0) = 6?
2
A. f(x) = 2(x–1)(x+2) + 6 C. f(x) = 3(x–1) (x+2)
B. f(x) = (x–1)((x–2) + 6 D. f(x) = 3(x+1)(x–2)
Let’s examine each of the choices:

C. Is f(1) = 0?
f(1) = 3(1 – 1)2(1 + 2) = 0 Yes
A. Is f(1) = 0? Is f(-2) = 0?
f(1) = 2(1 – 1)(1 + 2) + 6 = 6  0 No f(-2) = 3(-2 – 1)2(-2 + 2) = 0 Yes
Is f(0) = 6?
B. Is f(1) = 0? f(0) = 3(0 – 1)2(0 + 2) = 6 Yes
f(1) = (1 – 1)(1 – 2) + 6 = 6  0 No
D. Is f(1) = 0?
f(1) = 3(1+ 1)(1 – 2) = - 6  0 No
The answer is C.
Note: The term “multiplicity2” will give you a strong hint that C is the most probable answer without testing
each of the choices because it is the only expression with a binomial squared (x -1)2.
56 | P a g e
15. Which of the following polynomial function has a degree of 6?

3 2 2 2 6
A. f(x) = (x+2) (2x+1) (4x–1) C. f(x) = (x –5) (x –1)(5x+1)
6 5 2 3 2 6
B. f(x) = (x–3) (x+1) (x+6) D. f(x) = (x +4)(2x –1) (x )
The degree of a polynomial function is the highest exponent of the function when written in expanded or
general form. If the polynomial is written in factored form, it is the sum of all the exponents of the variable.
Let’s add the exponents of each factored term or expression in each of the choices:
A. 3 + 2 + 1 = 6 C. 2(2) + 6 + 1 = 11
B. 6 + 5 + 1 = 12 D. 2 + 3(2) + 6 = 14 The answer is A.
4 3 2
16. Which of the following is not a possible natural root of 2x –5x +21x +9x–3 = 0?
A. ±3 B. ±1 C. ±1/2 D. ±2/3
According to the Rational Roots Theorem, the possible roots of a polynomial function are p/q where p are
integral factors of the constant term and q are the integral factors of the leading coefficient.
Thus, for the polynomial 2x4–5x3+21x2+9x–3 = 0, p = 3, 1 q = 2, 1
Therefore the possible roots are: 3/2, 1/2, 3, 1 The answer is D.
3 2
17. What is the quotient when f(x) = x – x –10x - 8 is divided by x –1?
3 2 2
A. x -2x –12x – 6/(x–1) C. x –10x+8/(x–1)
2 2
B. x –10 – 18/(x–1) D. x –2x –12 – 10/(x-1)
By Synthetic Division,
-1 | 1 -1 -10 -8
-1 0 10
1 0 -10 -18
Thus, the quotient is x2 – 10 with a remainder of -18 or x2 – 10 – 18/(x – 1) The answer is B.
18. The first polynomial is a factor of the second polynomial in all of the following except _____.
3 2 3 2
A. x–3; x +x –9x–9 C. x+1; x + x +x+1
3 3 2
B. x+4; x –12x +16 D. x–1; x +5x –6x –2
According to the Factor Theorem: x – c is a factor of the polynomial function f(x) if f(c) = 0.
A. f(3) = (3)3+(3)2–9(3)–9 = 27+9-27-9 = 0 Yes
B. f(-4) = (-4)3–12(-4)+16 = -64+48+16 = 0 Yes
C. f(-1) = (-1)3+(-1)2+(-1)+1 = -1+1-1+1 = 0 Yes
D. f(1) = (1)3+5(1)2–6(1)–2 = 1+5-6-2 = -2 No The answer is D.
57 | P a g e
3 2
19. By the remainder theorem, if f(x) = x +3x –x–5, the following are true except _____.
A. f(3) = 46 B. f(-2)= 1 C. f(-3) = 2 D. f(4) = 103
A. f(3) = 33+3(3)2 –3–5 = 27+27-3-5 = 46 True
B. f(-2) = (-2)3+3(-2)2 –(-2)–5 = -8+12+2-5 = 1 True
C. f(-3) = (-3)3+3(-3)2 –(-3)–5 = -27+27+3-5 = -2 False
D. f(4) = 43+3(4)2 –4–5 = 64+48-4-5 = 103 True The answer is C.
20. Find the horizontal and vertical asymptotes of the equation of the equation y= .
A. x =1/3 and y=3/2 C. x =2/3 and y= -2
B. x =1/3 and y=2/3 D. x= 3/2 and y = 0
To find the vertical asymptote, equate the denominator to 0, then solve for x:
3x – 1 = 0
3x = 1
x = 1/3
Thus, the vertical asymptote is x = 1/3.
To find the horizontal asymptote, solve first for x in terms of y, then equate the denominator of the resulting
rational expression to 0:
y = 2x/(3x – 1)
y(3x – 1) = 2x Multiply by 3x - 1
3xy – y = 2x Distribute y
3xy – 2x = y Transpose
x(3y – 2) = y Factor out x
x = y/(3y – 2) Divide by 3y – 2
3y – 2 = 0 Equate 3y – 2 to 0
3y = 2 Transpose
y = 2/3 Divide by 3
Thus, the horizontal asymptote is y = 2/3. The answer is B.
ALGEBRA TIP: Students who do not review
• After 20 minutes, they remember only 60% of what they learned.

• After 1 day, they remember only 30%.
Students who review immediately and review again later

• They remember 80% of what they learned for long periods of time.
58 | P a g e
CHAPTER 3: Exponential Functions
21. in exponential form is _____.
2 2/3 2/3 2/3

A. 2y B. 2(2y) C. (2y) D. 32 y
= =  = √ =
 = =  =
〈( ) = 〉
⁄
( ) ( ) = [( ) ] 〈 =( ) 〉  [( ) ] = ( ) 〈( ) = 〉
The answer is B.
-3.5
22. Evaluate: 4
A. 14 B. 1/18 C. 17 D. 1/128
. .
.
= = = . = /

⁄
= =  = = √
= =  = = 128
The answer is D.
23. Simplify and express answer in exponential form: √ √
10/9 2/9 6/27 6/11

A. x B. x C. x D. x
√ √ = ∙ √ =  ∙ = =
= =  =
The answer is A.
3/5
24. Evaluate : (-32)
A. -2 B. -4 C. -6 D. -8
⁄
(− ) = (− ) =  (− ) = √− = √
√− = (− )  √− = −  (− ) = −
The answer is D.
59 | P a g e
25. Evaluate: √
A. 2 √2 B. √2 C. √16 D. √256
√ = √ √ =  √ = √ ∙ = √ √ =
The answer is A.
x
26. Solve for x: 32 = 4
A. 1/8 B. 2/5 C. 5/2 D. 8
=  = ( ) = =
2x = 5 Equate the exponents  x = 5/2 Divide by 2
The answer is C.
2x-2 2x+5
27. Solve for x: 5 = 25
A. -7 B. -6 C. 0 D. 3
=  = ( ) =
2x – 2 = 4x + 10 Equate the exponents  2x – 4x = 10 + 2 Transpose
-2x = 12 Simplify  x = -6 Divide by -2
The answer is B.
2x+1 x+2
28. Solve for x: 9 = 27
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
=  ( ) = ( )  = =  =
4x + 2 = 3x + 6 (Equate the exponents)  4x – 3x = 6 – 2 (Transpose)  x = 4 (Simplify)
The answer is D.
29. Solve for x: =
A. -8 B. -2 C. 2 D. 8
=  ( ) = ( )  = & 16 =  = ( )
-x - 6 = -4x (Equate the exponents)  -x + 4x = 6 (Transpose)  3x = 6 (Simplify)
x=2 (Divide by 3)
The answer is C.
30. Solve for x: =
A. 3, 1 B. 3, -1 C. -3, 1 D. -3, -1
=  = 〈 = 〉  = 〈 = 〉
2
x + 4x = -3 (Equate the exponents)  x + 4x + 3 = 0 (Transpose)  (x + 3)(x + 1) = 0 (Factor)
2
x = -3, x = -1 (Equate each factor to 0)

The answer is D.
60 | P a g e
CHAPTER 4: Logarithmic Functions
31. The equation = express in exponential form is _____.

n b m n
A. m = b B. m = n C. b = n D. b = m
The logarithmic equation n = logbm in exponential form is m = bn. The answer is A.
/
32. The equation = √ express in logarithmic form is ____.
A. √ 5= B. √ =5 C. 5√5 = 5 D. 5√5 =
/
= √ ↔ = √
Since the exponential form m = bn in logarithmic equation is n = logbm ,
The answer is D.
33. Evaluate: √
A. √7 B. 3/2 C. 2 D. 3
Since the logarithmic equation n = logbm in exponential form is m = bn.
= √ ↔ √ = ↔ ∙ = ↔ =
Thus, n = 3/2. The answer is B.
34. Evaluate:
A. 0.25 B. 0.75 C. 1.25 D. 2.00
=
( )
 ( )
=
( )
= = .
The answer is A.
35. Solve for x: = +
A. -1 B. -3 C. -5 D. -9
= + ↔ = ↔ = ↔ =
Thus, x + 3 = -2  x = -2 – 3 = -5 The answer is C.
x x+1
36. Solve for x: 4 + 2 – 24 = 0
A. -6 B. -3 C. 2 D. 4
4x + 2x+1 – 24 = 0
 22x + 212x – 24 = 0
x
Let y = 2
 y2 + 2y – 24 = 0  (y + 6)(y – 4) = 0  y = -6 or y = 4  2x = -6 or 2x = 4  2x = 4 or 2x = 22
Thus, x = 2.
The answer is C.
61 | P a g e
For numbers 37 and 38: Given: log5 2 = 0.4 log5 3 = 0.7
37. What is the value of log 5 9/4 ?
A. 0.3 B. 0.6 C. 0.9 D. 1.1
log5 9/4 = log5 9 – log5 4  log5 32 – log5 22  2log5 3 – 2log5 2  2(0.7) – 2(0.4)  1.4 – 0.8 = 0.6
The answer is B.
38. What is the value of log 5 √ ?
A. 0.30 B. 0.55 C. 0.90 D. 1.10
log5 √ = log5  ½log5 6  ½log5 (3*2)  ½(log5 3 + log5 2)  ½(0.7 + 0.4)  ½(1.1) = 0.55
The answer is B.
39. Which of the following is false?
A. 4 =2 C. ( + 3) = 5[ + 3]
B. 5= 5÷ 3 D. = [ ]
C. ( + 3) = 5[ + 3]
A. 4 =2 = log ,
=
D. ( + ) ≠ +
B.
B. 5= 5÷ 3 D. = [ ]
=
√ =
1
= 2∙ ,
= log + log , and
The answer is C.
= log − log
( )
40. Solve for x: =
( )
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3
( )
( )
=  ( + )= ( − )  ( + )= ( − )  x + 1 = (x – 1)2
x + 1 = x2 – 2x + 1  0 = x2 – 2x – x + 1 – 1  x2 – 3x = 0  x(x – 3) = 0  x = 0 or x = 3
x cannot be 0 because x – 1 becomes -1.
The answer is D.
62 | P a g e
CHAPTER 5: Systems
For numbers 41-43: Refer to the following graphs of systems of equation and the choices.
I II III
A. I only B. II only C. III only D. I and II
41. The system is consistent and the equation are independent.
There are three possibilities for the manner in which the graphs of two linear equations could meet--the lines
could intersect once, not intersect at all (be parallel), or intersect an infinite number of times (in which case
the two lines are actually the same).
 If the two equations describe lines that intersect once (I), the system is independent and consistent.
 If the two equations describe parallel lines (II), and thus lines that do not intersect, the system is independent
and inconsistent.
 If the two equations describe the same line (III), and thus lines that intersect an infinite number of times, the
system is dependent and consistent.
The answer is A.
42. The system is inconsistent.
See explanation in the previous item. The answer is B.
43. The equations are dependent.

See explanation in the first item. The answer is C.
x = 5 – 2y
2x + 4y = 6
A. (1, 2) B. (11, -3) C. (10, 0) D. no solution
= −
+ =
− =− ( − )
Multiply the first equation by -2
+ =
− =− +
− ,
= −
0 = -4 The resulting equation is FALSE; thus, there is no solution.

The answer is D.
63 | P a g e
4 x  13 y  8
3
1
2 x  34 y   52
A. (2, 3) B. (1, 20) C. (3, -28) D. (1, -4)
+ = + =

+ =− − + =− −
Multiply the second equation by -8

+ =
Distribute -8 in the 1st equation, then add the two equations
− − =

− − = − Multiply both sides by −

y = -4 Only D satisfies the resulting value for y. You may verify by solving for the
corresponding value of x. It should be x = 1.
The answer is D.
x  13 y  y  2
1
4 x y  x y
A. (-1, 3/2) B. (0, 3) C. (1, 9/2) D. (3, -2)
+ = − + − =−
 Transpose variable terms.
+ = + − + − =
− = −
Simplify. It appears that from the 2nd equation, x = 0. Among the choices, only B
− =
satisfies the resulting value of x. You may still verify if y = 3.
The answer is B.
x + y = -1
47. Which of the following is the solution of the system y + z = 4 ?
x+z=1
A. (1, -2, 6) B. (-1, 0, 4) C. (-2, 1, 3) D. (0, -1, 3)
In this case, it is easier if we work backwards:
A. (1, -2, 6): Is x + y = 1 + (-2) = -1? Yes! C. (-2, 1, 3): Is x + y = -2 + 1 = -1? Yes!
Is y + z = -2 + 6 = 4? Yes! Is y + z = 1 + 3 = 4? Yes!
Is x + z = 1 + 6 = 1? No! Is x + z = -2 + 3 = 1? Yes!
B. (-1, 0, 4): Is x + y = -1 + 0 = -1? Yes! D. (0, -1, 3): Is x + y = 0 + (-1) = -1? Yes!
Is y + z = 0 + 4 = 4? Yes! Is y + z = -1 + 3 = 4? No!
Is x + z = -1 + 4 = 1? No! Is x + z = 0 + 3 = 1? No!
The answer is C.
64 | P a g e
48. Danica has twice as many P1 coin as P5 coin in her purse. If the total amount of her P1 and P5 coins is
P21. How many of each type of coin does she have?
A. Two P5 coins and eleven P1 coins C. Four P5 coins and two P1 coins
C. Three P5 coins and six P1coins D. Five P5 coins and one P1 coin
“Danica has twice as many P1 coin as P5 coin in her purse.”
This first statement eliminates choices A, C and D. We are left with choice B. Does it satisfy the second
statement “If the total amount of her P1 and P5 coins is P21.”?
B: 3*P5 + 6*P1 = P15 + P6 = P21 Yes!
The answer is B.
3y = 2x
49. What value of m will make the system 6y - m – 4x = 0 , a dependent equation?
A. 0 B. 2 C. 3 D. -4
As explained in the first item of this chapter, if two equations describe the same line, then they are dependent.
If we multiply the first equation by 2, the result will be: 6y = 4x
If we transpose 4x, we have: 6y – 4x = 0
There is no constant term, thus m must be equal to 0. The answer is A.

<2 −5
≥− −
A. B. C. D.
The line sloping upward to the right is y = 2x – 5. Since the first inequality is y < 2x – 5, its graph includes all
the points below but excluding the line y = 2x – 5. Since choices C and D indicate that the line y = 2x – 5 is
included in the graph, they should be eliminated. We are left with choices A and B.
The line sloping downward to the right is y = -x – 2. Since the second inequality is y  -x – 2, its graph includes
all the points above and including the line y = -x – 2. Between choices A and B, A satisfies the given condition.
The answer is A.
ALGEBRA TIP: Remember this general rule of thumb: you must have the SAME NUMBER of equations as unknowns. If
there are three variables and only two equations provided, chances are you will not be able to solve the problem. If there are
two variables AND two equations given, chances are you will be able to solve it.
65 | P a g e
CHAPTER 6: Matrices and Determinants
For numbers 51-53:
4 6 5 2 15
= [3 4 7]
= 2 −3 −7 = [−2 0 5] = −4 = 10
1 0 9 5 −5
51. Which of the following is the sum of the row matrices?
A. [5 4 12] B. [1 4 2] C. [−5 4 2] D. [1 4 12]
The row matrices are A and C. Thus,
+ = [ ] + [− ] = [( + − ) ( + ) ( + )] = [ ]
The answer is D.
52. Solve: 3D – E
−9 21 17 −21
A. −22 B. −2 C. 6 D. −22
20 10 8 10
− −
− = − − = − − = − − = −
− − − −
The answer is A.
53. Find the difference of matrix A and the additive inverse of Matrix C.
A. [5 4 2] B. [5 4 12] C. [1 4 12] D. [1 4 2]
− ′
=?
Solve first for C’: = [− ], thus ′

= [ − ]
− ′
=[ ]− [ − ] =[ − − −− ]=[ ]
The answer is C.
54. Find the value of x and y: x[3 5] + y[4 -2] = 2[-5 9]

A. x= 3, y = 4 B. x = 5, y = -2 C. x = -5, y = 3 D. x = 2, y = -4
[ ]+ [ − ] = [− ]  [ ]+ [ − ] = [− ]
[ + − ] = [− ]
Thus: 3x + 4y = -10
5x – 2y = 18
3x + 4y = -10
Multiply the second equation by 2 then add the two equations: 10x – 4y = 36
13x = 26
Dividing both sides by 13, we get x=2
The only choice with x = 2 is D.
Verify by solving for y using the first equation: y = -4
The answer is D.
66 | P a g e
− − −
55. Find the value of x and y: − − = − −
−
A. x = -1, y = 1 B. x = -1, y = -1 C. x =1, y = -1 D. x = 1, y = 1
Equating the 3rd column, 1st row, we get x = -1. Equating the 1st column, 3rd row, we get y = 1.
The answer is A.
−
56. Find the value of the determinant:
A. 120 B. 22 C. 6 D. -2
−
= − . Thus, = ( )( ) − (− )( ) = + = The answer is .
57. Find the value of x: =−

−
A. 6 B. -5 C. -4 D. -14
= −
Thus, = ( )(− ) − ( )( ) = − −  − − = −  − = − +  − =
−
x = -5 The answer is B.
58. The product of AB if = and = is _____.

− −
2 3 −5 6
A. B. C. D.
1 10 13 −2
The product of a 2 x 2 matrix and a 2 x 1 matrix is given by the formula below:
( )( ) + ( )(− ) − −
Thus, = = = = The answer is .
− − ( )( ) + (− )(− ) +
−
59. The inverse of the matrix is _____?
−
−2 3 −1 2 3 −2
A. B. C. D.
1 −1 1 −3 −1 1
− −
= , = , = ,
− −
− − −
= = = =
( )(− ) − (− )( ) − − + − −
The answer is D.
−
60. Find the value of the determinant: −
− −
A. -3 B. -1 C. 6 D. 12
− − −
− = − − = ( + − + − ) − (− + − + ) = − = −
− − − − −
The answer is A.
67 | P a g e
CHAPTER 7: Arithmetic Sequence and Series
61. What is the next term in the sequence: 4, 7, 10, 13, ____?
A. 15 B. 16 C. 17 D. 18
an+1= an + 3 therefore the next term after 13 is 13+ 3 = 16
The answer is B.
62. The first three terms of a sequence is -1, 4, 9… What is the 14th term of the sequence?
A. 64 B. 69 C. 74 D. 79
1.) an+1= an + 5 therefore the next sequence is -1, 4, 9, 14, 19, 24, 29, 34, 39, 44, 49, 54, 59, 64
 14th term is 64
2.) an = a1 + (n –1)d  a14 = -1 + (14-1)5 = -1 +65  a14 = 64
The answer is A.
63. The first three terms of a sequence are -3, 1, 5 … if the last term is 101. How many terms are there in the
sequence?
A. 24 B. 25 C. 26 D. 27
an = a1 + (n –1)d
where a1 = -3, d = 4, and an = 101
Solve for n: 101 = -3 + (n – 1)(4)  101 = -3 + 4n – 4  101 = 4n – 7  101 + 7 = 4n  108 = 4n
27 = n
The answer is D.
64. Which of the following sequence has a general term 4n – 3?

A.. -3, 4, 11, 18 … B. -3, 1, 5, 9… C. 1, 5, 9, 13 … D. 5, 9 13, 18 …
Let’s look at the first 4 terms of the sequence:
a1 = (4)(1) – 3 = 1 a2 = (4)(2) – 3 = 5 a3 = (4)(3) – 3 = 9 a4 = (4)(4) – 3 = 13
The answer is C.
65. The first and the third term of an arithmetic sequence is 10 and 4 respectively. What is the sum of the first
ten terms, s10 of the sequence?
A. -17 B. -18 C. -25 D. -35
= [ +( − ) ]
a1, a2, a3 = 10, ? , 4  a2 must be 7
and thus, d = -3
= [ ( )+( − )(− )] = [ + ( )(− )] = [− ] = −
The answer is D.
66. What is the general term of an arithmetic sequence whose first three terms are 3, 9, 15 …
A. 6n + 3 B. 6n – 3 C. 3(2n +3) D. 3(2n – 3)

an = a1 + (n –1)d
where a1 = 3 and d = 6
an = 3 + (n –1)(6)  an = 3 + 6n –6  an = 6n –3
The answer is B.
68 | P a g e
67. The fourth and eight term of an arithmetic sequence is 27 and 51 respectively. What is the sixth term of
the sequence?
A. 39 B. 41 C. 43 D. 45
Given: a4 = 27 a8 = 51
a6 is exactly in the middle of the two terms. Thus, its value must be the arithmetic mean of the two:
a6 = (a4 + a8_)/2 = (27 + 51)/2 = 78/2 = 39 The answer is A.
68. How many multiples of 4 is between 10 and 950?

A. 225 B. 235 C. 250 D. 500
The multiples of 4 between 10 and 950 form an arithmetic sequence whose d = 4. The first term a1 is the
smallest multiple of 4 higher than 10, that is, a1 = 12. The last term, an is the highest multiple of 4 less than
950, that is, an = 948.
To determine the number of terms in the sequence, we get first the general term:
an = a1 + (n – 1)d  an = 12 + (n – 1)4  an = 12 + 4n – 4  an = 4n + 8
Substituting an = 948:
an = 4n + 8  948 = 4n + 8  948 – 8 = 4n  940 = 4n  235 = n

The answer is B.
69. Find the sum of all odd integers between 1 and 99?
A. 2200 B. 2300 C. 2400 D. 2500
If we know the first term a1, the last term an, and the number of terms n, we can find the sum of the sequence
by the formula:
= ( + )
The odd integers between 1 and 99 do NOT include 1 and 99. Thus, the sequence is 3, 5, 7, …, 97. There are 50
odd integers from 1 to 99. Thus, there are only 48 odd integers from 3 to 97. So n = 48.
= ( + )= ( )=
The answer is C.
70. Evaluate: ∑ ( + )
A. 91 B. 95 C. 99 D. 103
∑ ( + ) is the same as “the sum of the first 7 terms of the arithmetic sequence 3n + 1”. Using the
formula:
= ( + )  = ( + )
a1 = 3(1) + 1 = 4 a7 = 3(7) + 1 = 22
Thus,
= ( + )= ( )= ( )=
The answer is A.
69 | P a g e
CHAPTER 8: Geometric Sequence and Series
71. Find the 10th term of the sequence 32, -16, 8, -4, … .
A. -1/2 B. -1/4 C. -1/8 D. -1/16
a n 1   12 a n
The next six terms would be: 32, -16, 8, -4, 2, -1, ½, -1/4, 1/8, -1/16
The 10th term is thus -1/16. The answer is D.
72. Find the 6th term of a geometric sequence if the first term, a 1 is 27 and the common ratio, r is 1/3.
A. 1/9 B. 1/3 C. 3 D. 9
2
 1
 27   a 6  27   
n 1 1 n 1 1 6 1 1
a n  a1 r 3 3 3 3 1 5
3   
 3 9
The answer is A.
73. Which of the following is the mean proportional (single geometric mean) between 8 and 32?
A. 12 B. 16 C. 24 D. 28
For one missing term, use the geometric mean formula:

a 2  a1 a 3  a 2  8  32  a 2  256  a 2  16
The answer is B.
74. What is the sum of the first six terms of the sequence 8, -4, 2, -1 ?
A. 18 ¾ B. 18 ¼ C. 5 ¼ D. 5 ¾
a2 4 1
r  r  r
a1 8 2
i. a n 1   2 a n  s 6  8  4  2  1  12 
1 1
4
 s 6  5 14
1 r n   1   12  6
  63 
ii. s n  a1   , r ≠ 1  s 6  8   s 6  8 64   s6  21  5 14
 1 r   1   1    3 
 2   2  4
The answer is C.
75. What is the general term of the sequence having 3, -6, 12, … as its first three terms?
n n-1
A. 3(-2) B. ( ) C. ( ) D. 3(-2)
a2 6
r  r  r = -2
a1 3
a n  a1 r n 1  a n  3( 2) n 1
The answer is D.
70 | P a g e
76. Find the first term of a geometric series if the sum up to the eight term, s 8 is 1020 and the common ratio, r
is 2.
A. 1 B. 2 C. 4 D. 8
Substitute the given a, from the choices into : a n 1  ra n
A. 1 1+2+4+8+16+32+64+128 = 255 reject

B. 2 2+4+8+16+32+64+128+256 = 510 reject
C. 4 4+8+16+32+64+128+256+512 = 1020 accept
D. 8 8+16+32+64+128+256+512+1024 = 2040 reject
The answer is C.
77. Find the sum up to the seventh term, s7 of the geometric series having 2 as its first term, a 1 and 1458 as
its last term with a common ratio, r, which is equal to 3.
A. 2186 B. 2556 C. 2916 D. 3286
s n  2  6  18  54  162  486  1458  2186

The answer is A.
78. What is the sum of the infinite geometric series 1, -1/3, 1/9, ….
A. 1/3 B. ½ C. 2/3 D. 3/4
a1 1 1 3
s    4 
1  r 1   3  3 4
1
The answer is D.
79. Evaluate: ∑
A. 12 B. 4 C. 3 D. 3/4
31 3 3 32 9 9 a2 9
3
a1  11
 0  3 a2  2 1
 1  r  4 
4 4 5 4 4 4 a1 3 4
a1 3 3
s    1  12
1 r 1 4 4
3
The answer is A.
80. A ball bounces from the ground 27 cm into the air. Each time it bounces, it rises 1/3 the height of the
previous bounce. How far will the ball travel if it continues until it comes to rest.
A. 81cm B. 67.5 cm C. 54 cm D. 40.5 cm
1 2
a1  27 r  2 
3 3
Do you see why?
a1 27 27
s    1  81cm
1 r 1 32
3 The answer is A.
ALGEBRA TIP: Algebra can help you add a series of numbers (the sum of sequences) more quickly than you would be able
to with straight addition. Adding integers, squares, cubes, and terms in an arithmetic or geometric sequence is simple with
the algebraic formulas.
71 | P a g e
CHAPTER 9: Basic Counting Principle
! !
81. What is the value of ?
!
A. 119 B. 120 C. 719 D. 720
! ! !( ∙ ∙ )
= = − =
! !
The answer is A.
82. Evaluate: 5P2
A. 120 B. 60 C. 20 D. 10
! ! ∙ ∙ !
= = = =
( )! ! !
The answer is C.
83. Evaluate: 5C2

A. 120 B. 60 C. 20 D. 10
! ! ∙ ∙ !
= )!
= = = =
!( ! ! ∙ ∙ !
The answer is D.
84. How many three digit numbers can be formed from the integers 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 if the number is even
and repetition is not allowed?
A. 120 B. 90 C. 75 D. 60
Solution:
Let the three-digit number be represented by the three blanks: ____ ____ ____
We fill-up first the last digit, because it should be an even number. There are 3 even numbers from the list, so:
____ ____ _3_
Once the last digit is filled-up, we can now place the first and second digits from the remaining integers. So from
the original list of 6 integers, we’ll have 5 numbers to choose from (repetition is not allowed) for the first digit
and then only 4 then for the second digit: _5_ _4_ _3_
We now multiply the three numbers to get the answer: 5 x 4 x 3 = 60 The answer is D.
85. How many 4 digit zip code may be formed if the first digit can’t be a zero and the last digit is an odd
number.
2 2 3 4
A. 4510 B. 1410 C. 910 D. 10
Let the 4digit zip code be represented by the 4blanks: ____ ____ ____ ____
We fill-up first the first digit, and since it can’t be zero, we’ll only have 9 numbers to choose from:
_9_ ____ ____ ____
The last digit is next. Since it should be odd, and repetitions are allowed, we have the digits 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 to
choose from for a total of 5: _9_ ____ ____ _5_
The second and third digits can be filledup by any number from 0 to 9 (for a total of 10):
_9_ _10_ _10_ _5_
And finally, we multiply the 4 numbers:
9 x 10 x 10 x 5 = 4500 or 45102
The answer is A.
72 | P a g e
86. A company wants to hire five women and 3 men. In how many ways can the choice be made if seven
women and three men are available?
A. 10 B. 21 C. 35 D. 63
! ! ∙ ∙ !
× = )!
× )!
= × = × =
!( !( ! ! !
The answer is B.
87. In how many ways can the letters in the word “REVIEW” be arranged?
A. 15 B. 30 C. 120 D. 360
There are 6 letters that comprise the word “REVIEW”. The letter E appears twice. Thus, the number of ways
the letters can be arrange is:
! ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ !
= =
! !
The answer is D.
88. Find the number of ways in which three of 10 participating contestants be ranked first, second and third.
A. 140 B. 240 C. 520 D. 720
! ! ∙ ∙ ∙ !
=( )!
= = =
! !
The answer is D.
89. In how many ways can seven students be seated at a round table if two of them must sit next to each
other?
A. 10 B. 20 C. 240 D. 1040
Solution:
This is a case of circular permutation. The number of ways that n objects can be arranged in a circle is: (n – 1)!
In the problem, since 2 of the 7 students must always sit next to each other, the 2 students shall be counted as
one. However, the 2 students has 2 possible ways to sit themselves, one to the left of the other and vice versa. So
the circular permutation needs to be multiplied by 2. Thus the number of ways they can be arranged in a round
table is: 2(6 – 1)! = 25! = 254321 = 240 ways
The answer is C.
90. In how many ways can five different gifts be given among two girls and one boy if the two girls received 2
gifts and 1 gift for the boy?
A. 10 B. 20 C. 30 D. 120
Let’s say that the 5 gifts are labeled A, B, C, D, and E. The boy has 5 possible ways to receive one gift. Let’s
assume he received gift A:
Boy Girl 1 Girl 2

A BC DE
BD CE
BE CD
CD BE
CE BD
DE BC
As shown in the table, if the boy received gift A, there are 6 possible ways for which the two girls received 2
gifts each. Thus, the total number of ways will be: 5 x 6 = 30
The answer is C.
73 | P a g e
CHAPTER 10: Probability
91. What is the probability that a card drawn from an ordinary deck of 52 cards is a face card?
A. ¼ B. 1/13 C. 3/13 D. 4/13
In every suit, there are three faces: Jack, Queen, and King. There are a 4 suits (hearts, clubs, diamonds, and
spades) in a deck of card so there are a total of 4 x 3 = 12 face cards. Thus, the probability that a card drawn is
a face card is
.
( )= = =
.
The answer is C.
92. A two digit number is chosen randomly. What is the probability that it is divisible by 9?
A. 1/10 B. 1/9 C. 9/45 D. 4/50
Let’s enumerate all the two-digit numbers that are divisible by 9: 18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63, 72, 81, 90, 99
There are a total of 90 two-digit numbers (10 to 99). Thus,
( )= =
The answer is B.
93. A bag contains 3 red balls, 5 green balls and 4 blue balls. The probability of not getting a blue ball in the
first draw is _____.
A. 0 B. 1/3 C. 2/3 D. 1
There are a total of 3 + 5 + 4 = 12 balls inside the bag, 3 + 5 = 8 of which are not blue. Thus,
( )= =
The answer is C.
94. Danny and Ricky each throw two dice. If Danny get a sum of 5, what is the probability that Ricky will get
less?
A. 1/6 B. 2/9 C. 2/3 D. 4/9
If you throw two 6-sided dice, the possible combination of results whose sum is less than 5 are:
{(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (2, 1), (2, 2), (3, 1)}
There are a total of 6 x 6 = 36 possible results when two dice are thrown. Thus,
( < 5) = =
The answer is A.
95. From a box containing 4 green marbles and 3 blue marbles, two marbles are drawn one at a time at
random. The probability that both are blue is _____.
A. 1/7 B. 3/14 C. 6/49 D. 9/49
( )= ( )× ( )
.
( )= = =
. +
. −
( )= = = =
. −
, ( )= × =
The answer is A.
74 | P a g e
96. In the problem above, find the probability that one is green and one is blue.
A. 4/7 B. 2/7 C. 12/49 D. 24/49
( )
= ( )× ( )+ ( )× ( )
.
( )= = =
. +
.
( )= = = =
. −
( )= = ( )= = =
+ −
, ( )= × + × = + =
The answer is A.
97. In the problem in #95, find the probability that all are the same color.
A. 2/7 B. 3/7 C. 2/49 D. 3/49
( )= ( )+ ( )
( )= ( )× ( )
. −
( )= ( )= = = =
. −
( )= × = ( )=
, ( )= + =
The answer is B.
98. If five coins are tossed simultaneously, find the probability that they will have 3 heads
A. 1/16 B. 3/32 C. 5/16 D. 5/32
Solution:
We shall use the Formula for the Probability of a Binomial Distribution.
Probability of getting r heads if n coins are tossed simultaneously = nCr · pr · qn – r
where: p = probability of getting a head when a coin is tossed = ½ n=5

q = probability of getting a tail when a coin is tossed = ½ r=3
! ∙ ∙ !
= = = = = = = = = =
! ( − )! !∙ !
Probability of getting exactly 3 heads =
∙ = ∙ ∙ = =
The answer is C.
75 | P a g e
99. The probability of getting a passing mark in an examination is 2/3. If 3 students are selected at random,
what is the probability that at least one of them will get a passing mark?
A. 1/27 B. 8/27 C. 19/27 D. 26/27
Again, we shall use the Formula for the Probability of a Binomial Distribution.
Probability of having r passers out of n students = nCr · pr · qn – r
where: p = probability of getting a passing mark= 2/3

q = probability of getting failing mark = 1/3
n=3
r = 1, 2, or 3
Probability of one will be getting a passing mark =
∙ = ∙ ∙ =
Probability of two will be getting a passing mark =
∙ = ∙ ∙ =
Probability of three will be getting a passing mark = ∙ = ∙ ∙ =

Thus, the probability that at least one of them will get a passing mark =
+ + =
The answer is D.
Additional note: The probability that no one will get a passing mark = (1/3)(1/3(1/3) = 1/27
Thus, the probability that at least one will get a passing mark = 1 – 1/27 = 26/27.
100. A card is chosen from a deck of playing cards. What is the probability that it is either black or a face
card?
A. 8/13 B. 10/13 C. 8/15 D. 19/26
.
( )= = =
.
.
( )= = =
.
. ,
( , )= = =
.
( ) = ( ) + ( ) – ( , )
+ −
= + − = = =
The answer is A.
76 | P a g e

Math Review-Part 2

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Math Review-Part 2

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

REVIEW MASTERS LEAGUE, INC.

REVIEW MASTERS, upcatreview.com, Online UPCAT Review and other related

For INFO and UPDATES, check out upcatreview.com, the official

Keep updated about UPCAT materials, reviewers, tips and news

UPCAT is for dreamers like you.

But this is simply not true.

CHAPTER 1. Functions --------------------- 42

SOLUTIONS AND EXPLANATIONS

CHAPTER 1. Functions --------------------- 53

Please use No. 2 Pencil

When f(x) = -2x + 3, g(x) = x – 3, x  R, find g(x) – f(x).

When f(x) = 3x –2x +1, x  R, find f(x+1).

6. When f(x) = 2x + 5 and g(x) = , x  R, find (g  f)(x).

7. Let f be the function specified by following table. Find f(1) – f(-2)

8. Which of the following is not a graph of a function?

When f(x) = 2x + 5 and g(x) = x + 1, x R, find (f  g)(0).

A. (-4, 3) B. (-1, 2) C. (2, -1) D. (8, 1)

CHAPTER 2: Polynomial Functions

A. -5, -1 and 1 B. 5, -1, and -5 C. 5, 1, and -5 D. 5, 1 and -1

15. Which of the following polynomial function has a degree of 6?

A. f(3) = 46 B. f(-2)= 1 C. f(-3) = 2 D. f(4) = 103

A. x =1/3 and y=3/2 C. x =2/3 and y= -2

21. in exponential form is _____.

2 2/3 2/3 2/3

23. Simplify and express answer in exponential form: √ √

10/9 2/9 6/27 6/11

A. 1/8 B. 2/5 C. 5/2 D. 8

29. Solve for x: =

30. Solve for x: =

31. The equation = express in exponential form is _____.

A. 0.25 B. 0.75 C. 1.25 D. 2.00

35. Solve for x: = +

For numbers 37 and 38: Given: log5 2 = 0.4 log5 3 = 0.7

37. What is the value of log 5 9/4 ?

A. 0.3 B. 0.6 C. 0.9 D. 1.1

38. What is the value of log 5 √ ?

A. 0.30 B. 0.55 C. 0.90 D. 1.10

39. Which of the following is false?

41. The system is consistent and the equation are independent.

A. (1, 2) B. (11, -3) C. (10, 0) D. no solution

For numbers 51-53:

51. Which of the following is the sum of the row matrices?

54. Find the value of x and y: x[3 5] + y[4 -2] = 2[-5 9]

57. Find the value of x: =−

58. The product of AB if = and = is _____.

64. Which of the following sequence has a general term 4n – 3?

A.. -3, 4, 11, 18 … B. -3, 1, 5, 9… C. 1, 5, 9, 13 … D. 5, 9 13, 18 …

A. -17 B. -18 C. -25 D. -35

A. 6n + 3 B. 6n – 3 C. 3(2n +3) D. 3(2n – 3)

68. How many multiples of 4 is between 10 and 950?

A. 225 B. 235 C. 250 D. 500

A. 2200 B. 2300 C. 2400 D. 2500

A. -1/2 B. -1/4 C. -1/8 D. -1/16

A. 2186 B. 2556 C. 2916 D. 3286

A. 1/3 B. ½ C. 2/3 D. 3/4

A. 81cm B. 67.5 cm C. 54 cm D. 40.5 cm

A. 119 B. 120 C. 719 D. 720

82. Evaluate: 5P2

83. Evaluate: 5C2

First, let’s solve for x in terms of y:

When f(x) = -2x + 3, g(x) = x – 3, x  R, find g(x) – f(x).

We simply subtract f(x) from g(x):

We first solve x in terms of y:

B: 3P5 + 6P1 = P15 + P6 = P21 Yes!