University of Wah,

Department of Electrical Engineering

Document No: UW/EE/AF/REV00

UNIVERSITY OF WAH
WAH ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Department of Electrical Engineering
Assignment # 02
Course Title: Instrumentation & Measurements
Semester: 6th Course Teacher: Engr. Tehseen Hussain
Total Points: 10 Time: 1 week
(18/03/2020) Course Code: EE-323
Student Name Saifullah Reg No. UW-17-EE-BSC-059
Assignment Title:
Principle of operation, construction and working of different analog and digital meters.

Course Program Learning Domain

Learning Learning
Outcome Outcome
CLO-1 PLO-1 Cognitive 1

PLO 1. Engineering Knowledge: An ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science,

engineering fundamentals and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering
problems.
CLO-1. Describe/Define the basic terminologies of measuring instruments and their use for
measurements. (C1)

Question 1 (10 Points)

(a) Describe the working & applications of different types of galvanometer with the help of
circuit diagrams?
(b) Describe the principle & working of the following instruments with the help of circuit
diagrams;

 Hot wire Instruments.

 Dynamometer Instruments.
 Watt-Hour Meter.
 Thermo-Instruments.
Solution:

1. Hot wire Instruments.

The instruments which use the heating effect of the current for knowing their
magnitude such type of instrument is known as the hot wire instrument. It works on the principle
that the length of the wire increases because of the heating effect of the current flow through it.
The hot wire instrument is used for both the AC and DC current.
The one wire is bonded between the two terminals. And the second terminal is bound between
the first wire and the third terminal shown in the figure above. The thread passes over the pulley
and attaches to the spring. This spring contract the platinum-iridium wire.
2. Dynamometer Instruments.
A dynamometer or "dyno" for short, is a device for simultaneously measuring
the torque and rotational speed (RPM) of an engine, motor or other rotating prime
mover so that its instantaneous power may be calculated, and usually displayed by the
dynamometer itself as kW or bhp. In addition to being used to determine the torque or power
characteristics of a machine under test, dynamometers are employed in a number of other roles.
In standard emissions testing cycles such as those defined by the United States Environmental
Protection Agency, dynamometers are used to provide simulated road loading of either the
engine (using an engine dynamometer) or full power train (using a chassis dynamometer).
Beyond simple power and torque measurements, dynamometers can be used as part of a test bed
for a variety of engine development activities, such as the calibration of engine management
controllers, detailed investigations into combustion behavior, and tribology.

3. Watt-Hour Meter:
Watt-hour meter is in fact a measuring device which can evaluate and records the
electrical power passing through a circuit in a certain time. By implementing the Watt-hour
meter, we can know how much amount of electrical energy is used by a consumer or a residence
or an electrically powered device or a business. Electrical utilities install these meters at their
consumer’s place to evaluate the electrical usage for the purpose of billing. The reading is taken
in each one billing period. Usually, the billing unit is Kilowatt-hour (kWh). This is equal to the
total usage of electrical energy by a consumer of one kilowatt during a period of one hour and it
is also equal to 3600000 joules. The Watt-Hour Meter is often referred as energy meter or
electric meter or electricity meter or electrical meter.
Mainly the watt-hour meter comprises of a tiny motor and a counter. The motor will operate by
diverting exact fraction of current which is flowing in the circuit to be measured.
The running or turning speed of this motor is directly proportional to the amount of current flow
through the circuit. Thus, every revolution of the rotor of the motor is analogous to the given
quantity of current flow in the circuit. A counter is attached to the rotor to add and the usage of
electrical energy is displayed from the total number of rotor revolutions.
 4. Thermo-Instruments.
Thermo Scientific instruments, equipment, software, services and consumables
empower scientists to solve for complex analytical challenges in pharmaceutical, biotechnology,
academic, government, environmental and industrial research, as well as the clinical laboratory.
Our products address a range of needs from sample, material characterization and chemical
analysis to clinical diagnoses and biological-based therapeutics manufacturing.

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