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Pulse Valves For Dust Collector Systems
Pulse Valves For Dust Collector Systems
pulse valves
for dust collector systems
1 8 9 10
TECHNICAL INFORMATION 1) Compressed air jet
ON PULSE VALVES 2
2) Clean air exhaust
11
3) Filter housing
ASCO Numatics has a comprehensive 4) Filter bag
range of pulse valves for the dust control 12
5) Dirty air intake
market with accessories to sense the pres-
13 6) Dust collector hopper
sure drop across the fabric and to control
the pulse sequence. 7) Dust lock
3 14
Since the valve performance has great 8) Secondary air
influence on the cleaning efficiency of the 4 15 9) Supply air
generated air pulse, this aspect in particular 10) Pressure switch
is highlighted in this section. 11) Dust collector valve
5
12) (Auxiliary) air control pipe
Diaphragm Pulse valves 6
13) Valve block
The construction of the ASCO 2-way dia- 14) Solid state sequential controller
phragm pulse valves is based on the proven 7 15) Filter cage (shown without filter bag)
fact that fast opening and closing of the
valve is of great importance for effective
cleaning of the filter fabric and economical in the filter is reached when the air veloc- neath the piston instead of over a wall as in
air consumption. ity becomes sonic (344 m/s); this situation the conventional pulse valve. This creates
By keeping the weight of the moving parts in occurs at the critical pressure drop. For air less of a restriction to the flow (fig. 2). An-
the valves as low as possible, the response this condition is reached when the abso- other advantage is that the venturi shape of
times are, thanks to the low inertia, very lute downstream pressure is 52,8% of the the valve outlet increases air speed.
short and result in opening times between absolute upstream pressure. In addition to the flow, the peak pressure
8 and 14 milliseconds. The diaphragm The standard valve bodies have threaded is positively influenced. Laboratory tests
assembly used in the ASCO pulse valves pipe connections according to ISO 228/1. show a 20% improvement.
is a low mass construction compared to The valves are either integral solenoid pilot
what is normal practice in this industry. At operated or remote pilot operated. Fully immersed piston valves
the same time the strength and endurance Solenoid pilot controlled types are standard
of the used nylon reinforced Neoprene equipped with epoxy moulded spade plug Due to the Pressure Equipment Direc-
or Hytrel sheet-material diaphragms are connection coils. Stainless steel waterproof tive 97/23/EC, which contains pressure
extremely good. enclosures (IP 67) and ATEX (CENELEC), equipment operating above 0.5 bar and
The main diaphragm is clamped between IECEx, NEMA explosionproof solenoids manufactured or traded within the Euro-
valve bonnet and body in a special patented are available as an option. Other options pean Union, filter builders more and more
way which forces the diaphragm to seal available are NPT or ISO 7/1 pipe threads, prefer to buy complete assembled pressure
the valve seat without the use of strong brass bodies for mining applications (spar- header tanks.
closing springs, thus preventing the flutter kless) and epoxy coating for corrosive Besides this regulation also other factors
phenomenon which is very common in other environments. enable true “one stop shopping":
high flow diaphragm pulse valves. - One supplier supplies and guarantees
Flluttering of the diaphragm during opening Piston Pulse valves the complete system
- Simplified stocking and purchasing
Availability, design and specifications are subject to change without notice. All rights reserved.
and closing of the valve will affect the valve
performance dramatically and increases air The main requirements of pulse valves for process
consumption. the dust collection market are low cost, - Tank system with full-immersed valve
superior operating characteristics, long life has an increased flow performance
and ease of installation & maintenance.
In order to improve the present offer, a new To meet these market demands, a revolu-
piston concept, the power pulse valve was tionairy Power Pulse Tank System with fully
developed to meet these market require- immersed valves has been introduced,
ments. based on the proven Power Pulse valve
An integral component in producing this new technology. In the case of the full-immersed
flow concept is a unique one-piece patented valves, the air enters the valve from all
Hytrel piston/diaphragm construction. This directions (see fig. 3).
fig. 1 combination allows the flow to travel under-
Pulse valves are vital parts in dust col- pressure of the shock wave generated by the This is the elapsed time from 50% of the
lector systems but only one of the many pulse valve which is registrated at the peak pressure measured on the down
components necessary to build a complete end of the blow pipe. stream slope until the valve is completely
system. closed.
ferential across the filters. The pilot valve This is the air pressure in the supply tank This is the ratio between tank pres-
boxes can house 2 up to 12 solenoid which is given in gauge pressure. sure and peak pressure multiplied by
valves protected by a dust and waterproof This is also the pressure to which the 100%.
aluminium enclosure (IEC 144, IP 65) ● Volume per pulse [Ndm ]:
3
Availability, design and specifications are subject to change without notice. All rights reserved.
valve is subjected.
and are available with a heating device ● Max. allowable pressure (PS)[barg]:
This is the amount of air at atmospheric
for low ambient temperature conditions pressure passing through the valve for
The line or system pressure to which
(down to -40°C). a given pulse time.
the equipment may be subjected without
To fulfill the timer function in the filter The greater the volume per pulse the
being damaged.
cleaning process, ASCO has a solid state better the filter bags are cleaned and
● Electrical pulse length [ms]:
sequential controller with adjustable im- more bags could be cleaned per valve.
pulses and interval signals to control the This is the energized time of the valve.
solenoid operators. (The wave length of a 50 Hz alternating
Using figures for comparison and
current is 20ms for a full wave). selection
● Total pulse length [ms]:
INTERPRETATION OF THE FIGURES
This is the time from the moment the valve To compare graphs of different valve makes
The data sheet of ASCO pulse valves is opens until the valve is fully closed. and/or types of pulse valves the following is
● Peak pressure [barg]:
divided into two parts; the left side shows essential: it is preferable to have the graphs
the graphical presentation of the test data This is the maximum pressure which is made by identical electronic measurement
and on the right all the numeric data can measured at the end of the blow pipe equipment since a slight difference in sen-
be found (fig. 4). usually scaled at the end of the first slope sitivity and accuracy of the components can
The graph shows the following information: of the graph (after the valve has opened make a fair difference in the results.
The x-axis represents the elapsed time and completely).This creates the shock wave The other basic test conditions and set
X003GB-2009/R8
the y-axis represents the electrical and the down the filter bags for cleaning. up must be equal too. The most impor-
pressure signals. tant parameters which have to be exactly
The table states the name of the manufac- identical are:
pressure usually is 0,5 to 3 barg. The opening time of the pulse valve must
First we have to divide the different param- be as short as possible to achieve best
For reverse air-jet systems the pressure performance.
eters into those we can fix or influence and
mostly is 6 to 8 barg. To achieve quick opening times, air must
those which are depending on the settings
be exhausted very quickly to allow line
of the equipment.
Availability, design and specifications are subject to change without notice. All rights reserved.
The tank pressure is also proportional pressure to act against the bottomside of
responsible for the height of the peak the diaphragm, opening the main orifice.
Note that the calculation examples
pressure. Keeping the moving parts as light as
are based on sonic flow conditions
(air flow velocity = 344 m/s) without possible (low inertia) will result in short
● Electrical pulse length: opening times.
friction losses and under isothermal
The electrical pulse length is usually
conditions.
set at 40 to 200 ms and is also mainly ● Closing time:
responsible for the total pulse length and It is preferable that the closing time of
● Tank volume:
thus the amount of air passing through the valve is as short as possible, since a
The determination of the tank volume
the valve. long closing time of the valve increases
depends on several conditions:
1. The required volume air per pulse to air consumption.
A minimum electrical pulse length is The extra flow air has a negligible contri-
clean the dust filter(s) (depends on type,
required to operate the pulse valve bution to the cleaning effect of the total
size and construction of the filter unit)
correctly and depends on the type, con- air pulse and is therefore not efficient.
2. The tank pressure and the desired
struction and size of the valve. The tank
peak pressure
pressure can also influence the required Pressure drop tank:
3. The size of the valve (Kv value) ●
5. The number of pulses per time unit has passed through the valve after one
length and size of the tubing is of great pulse and depends on the following
6. The duration of the electrical pulse
influence too because opening and clos- parameters:
and the total pulse time
The volume per pulse can be determined C = 3,39.Cv high Avs value.
as follows:
multiply the tank volume by the differ- Kv value:
● However, long closing and/or opening
ential of the tank pressure before and With the same equation we can calculate times will reduce the Avs value, espe-
after the shot; this is the (atmospheric) the required Kv value: cially at shorter total pulse length.
amount of air which has passed through
On the other hand, short opening and
the valve.
closing times can compensate a lower
flow capacity.
TEST SET-UP
220V/50Hz
230V/50Hz
8 Blowpipe 4
Availability, design and specifications are subject to change without notice. All rights reserved.
PT
Air supply PT
7 1 2 3
5
PI
Water supply
LI
Drain